CN103140562A - 含有水泥窑粉尘的隔离液及其使用方法 - Google Patents
含有水泥窑粉尘的隔离液及其使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了包含水泥窑粉尘(“CKD”)的隔离液及其用于地下岩层中的方法。
Description
相关申请的引用
本申请要求于2008年11月3日提交的题目为“Reduced CarbonFootprint Sealing Compositions for Use in Subterranean Formations”的美国申请号12/264,010的部分继续申请的优先权,该申请是于2005年9月9日提交的题为“Settable Compositions Comprising Cement Kiln Dust andAdditive(s)”的美国申请号11/223,669(现在为美国专利号7,445,669)的部分继续申请,其全部公开内容结合于本文中作为参考。
技术领域
本发明涉及地下操作,并且更具体地,在某些实施方式中,涉及包含水泥窑粉尘(“CKD”)的隔离液及其用于地下岩层中的方法。
背景技术
隔离液通常用在地下操作从而当在向钻井孔中引入新流体时有助于改善置换效率。例如,在引入另外的流体之前可以使用隔离液来置换钻井孔中的流体。当用于钻井液(钻探泥浆)替换时,隔离液能够增强固体去除,以及从物理不相容的流体中分离出钻井液(钻探泥浆)。例如,在初次注水泥操作中,可以将所述隔离液放置到钻井孔中用于从所述钻井液中分离水泥组合物。例如,在钻井液更换期间还可以将隔离液置于不同钻井液之间或置于钻井液和盐水完井液之间。
为了有效,隔离液可以具有某些特性。例如,隔离液可以与钻井液和水泥组合物相容。在井下温度和压力下,也可以存在这种相容性。在某些情况下,还希望隔离液使钻井孔表面保持水润湿,因此有助于与水泥组合物结合。隔离液的流变学也可能很重要。许多不同的流变学性质在隔离液的设计中可能是很重要的,包括屈服点,塑性粘度,凝胶强度,和剪切应力等。虽然流变学在隔离液设计中可能是很重要的,但是在井下温度下传统的隔离液可能并不具有希望的流变学。例如,在高温下传统隔离液可能经历不希望的热变稀作用。因此,在某些情况下传统隔离液可能并未提供希望的置换。
发明内容
本发明涉及地下操作,并且更具体地,在某些实施方式中,涉及包含CKD的隔离液及其用于地下岩层中的方法。
根据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种方法,包括:提供包含CKD和水的隔离液;将所述隔离液引入到钻井孔中用来从所述钻井孔中置换至少一部分第一流体,其中所述隔离液在80℉[27℃]下具有的屈服点高于所述第一流体在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点。
根据本发明另一方面,提供了一种方法,包括:提供包含CKD和水的隔离液;以及将所述隔离液引入到钻井孔中,其中所述隔离液在所述钻井孔的底洞静态温度下的屈服点高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点。
根据本发明另一方面,提供了一种方法,包括:提供包含CKD和水的隔离液;以及将所述隔离液引入到钻井孔中,其中所述隔离液在130℉[54℃]下具有的屈服点高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点。
根据本发明另一方面,提供了一种方法,包括:提供包含CKD和水的隔离液;以及将所述隔离液引入到钻井孔中,其中所述隔离液在180℉[82℃]下具有的塑性粘度高于在80℉[27℃]下的塑性粘度。
根据本发明另一方面,提供了一种方法,包括:提供包含CKD和水的隔离液;以及将所述隔离液引入到钻井孔中,其中所述隔离液具有:
(a)在所述钻井孔的底洞静态温度下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点,
(b)在130℉[54℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点,和/或
(c)在180℉[82℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的塑性粘度。
在一个实施方式中,所述隔离液具有:
(a)在钻井孔的底洞静态温度下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点,或
(b)在130℉[54℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点,或
(c)在180℉[82℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的塑性粘度。
在一个实施方式中,所述隔离液具有:
(a)在钻井孔的底洞静态温度下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点,以及
(b)在130℉[54℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点,以及
(c)在180℉[82℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的塑性粘度。
在一个实施方式中,所述隔离液具有:
(a)在钻井孔的底洞静态温度下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点,以及
(b)在130℉[54℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点。
在一个实施方式中,所述隔离液具有:
(a)在钻井孔的底洞静态温度下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点,以及
(b)在180℉[82℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的塑性粘度。
在一个实施方式中,所述隔离液具有:
(a)在130℉[54℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点,以及
(b)在180℉[82℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的塑性粘度。
根据本发明另一方面,提供了包含CKD和水的隔离液,其中所述隔离液具有:
(a)在130℉[54℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点,
(b)在180℉[82℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点,和/或
(c)在180℉[82℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的塑性粘度。
在一个实施方式中,所述隔离液具有:
(a)在130℉[54℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点,或
(b)在180℉[82℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点,或
(c)在180℉[82℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的塑性粘度。
在一个实施方式中,所述隔离液具有:
(a)在130℉[54℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点,以及
(b)在180℉[82℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点,以及
(c)在180℉[82℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的塑性粘度。
在一个实施方式中,所述隔离液具有:
(a)在130℉[54℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点,以及
(b)在180℉[82℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点。
在一个实施方式中,所述隔离液具有:
(a)在130℉[54℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点,以及
(b)在180℉[82℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的塑性粘度。
在一个实施方式中,所述隔离液具有:
(a)在180℉[82℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点,以及
(b)在180℉[82℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的塑性粘度。
本发明的特点和优点对于本领域技术人员将易于清楚。尽管本领域技术人员可以作出许多变化,这类变化都在本发明的范围之内。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及包含CKD的隔离液组合物,在地下岩层中的使用方法,并且更具体地,在某些实施方式中,涉及使用CKD来增强隔离液的一种或多种流变学性质的组合物和方法。本发明的方法和组合物还有几个潜在的优点,其中仅一些可以在本文中间接提及。本发明的方法和组合物的许多潜在优点之一是CKD可以用于隔离液中作为流变学改性剂从而允许形成具有所需流变学性质的隔离液。本发明的方法和组合物的另一个潜在优点是在隔离液中包含CKD可以导致隔离液而没有不希望的热变稀作用。本发明的又另一个潜在优点是包含CKD的隔离液可以比传统隔离液更加经济,传统隔离液通常采用更高成本的助剂来制备。
本发明隔离液的实施方式可以包含水和CKD。根据本发明实施方式,可以使用隔离液从钻井孔中置换第一流体,其中所述隔离液具有比所述第一流体更高的屈服点。例如,所述隔离液可以用于从所述钻井孔中置换至少一部分钻井液(钻探泥浆)。其他可选助剂也可以包含在具体应用所需的隔离液实施方式中。例如,隔离液可以进一步包含稠化剂(viscosifyingagent),有机聚合物,分散剂,表面活性剂,增重剂,以及它们的任何组合。
受益于本公开,这些隔离液一般应该具有适合本领域普通技术人员所需具体应用的密度。在一些实施方式中,隔离液可以具有的密度范围为约8磅/加仑(“ppg”)[约960kg/m3]~约24ppg[约2880kg/m3]。在其他实施方式中,所述隔离液可以具有的密度范围为约8ppg[约960kg/m3]~约14ppg[约1680kg/m3]。在又其他实施方式中,所述隔离液可以具有的密度范围为约10ppg[约1200kg/m3]~约12ppg[约1440kg/m3]。
在所述隔离液的一个实施方式中使用的水可以包括,例如,淡水,咸水(例如,含有其中溶解一种或多种盐的水),盐水(例如,由地下岩层产生的饱和咸水),海水,或它们的任何组合。一般而言,这些水可以来自任何来源,其条件是这些水不能含有可能不希望地影响隔离液中其他组分的过量化合物。这种水以足以形成可泵送隔离液的量包含在内。在一些实施方式中,这些水能够以按所述隔离液的重量计约15%~约95%的量包含在隔离液内。在其他实施方式中,这些水能够以按所述隔离液的重量计约25%~约85%的量包含在本发明的隔离液内。本领域内的普通技术人员,受益于本公开,将会指导对于所选择的应用应该包含的合适水量。
CKD可以包含在隔离液的实施方式中作为流变学改性剂。除了其他事物,据发现,在本发明的实施方式中使用CKD能够提供具有适用于具体应用的流变学的隔离液。所需的流变学可以,例如,有利地提供对于钻井液(钻探泥浆)置换有效的隔离液。在一些实例中,CKD能够用于提供具有低度热变稀性的隔离液。例如,这种隔离液可以甚至具有在高温下,如在钻井孔中遇到的那些温度,增大的屈服点。
CKD是在生产通常称为水泥窑粉尘的水泥期间产生的物质。本文中所用的术语“CKD”是指本文中所述的水泥窑粉尘以及按照其他方式制造的水泥窑粉尘的等效形式。术语“CKD”通常称为部分煅烧的窑进料,在水泥生产期间其能够从气流中去除并收集于例如集尘器中。通常,在水泥生产中大量的CKD被收集,它们通常作为废物进行处置。处置废弃的CKD可能会增加水泥生产的不希望的成本,以及与其处置相关的环境问题。因为CKD通常作为废弃物质处置,与通常采用更高成本助剂制备的传统隔离液相比较,采用CKD制备的隔离液可以是更经济的。来自各种水泥生产的CKD的化学分析会根据许多因素而改变,包括具体的窑进料、水泥生产操作的效率、和相关粉尘收集系统。CKD通常可以包含许多氧化物,如SiO2,A12O3,Fe2O3,CaO,MgO,SO3,Na2O和K2O。
能够以足以提供,例如所需的流变学性质的量将CKD包括在所述隔离液中。在一些实施方式中,所述CKD能够以按隔离液的重量约1%~约65%的量存在于隔离液中(例如,约5%,约10%,约15%,约20%,约25%,约30%,约35%,约40%,约45%,约50%,约55%,约60%,等等)。在一些实施方式中,所述CKD能够以按隔离液的重量计约5%~约60%的量存在于隔离液中。在一些实施方式中,所述CKD能够以按隔离液的重量约20%~约35%的量存在。本领域普通技术人员,受益于本公开,将会知道对于所选应用应该包含的CKD的合适量。
可选地,隔离液的实施方式可以进一步包含烟道灰。许多烟道灰可以是合适的,包括根据美国石油学会(American Petroleum Institute),APISpecification for Materials and Testing for Well Cements,API Specification10,Fifth Ed.,1990年7月1日出版的分类为C类或F类烟道灰的烟道灰。烟道灰的合适实例包括但不限于,A水泥助剂,可商购获自Halliburton Energy Services,Inc.,Duncan,Oklahoma。当使用时,烟道灰通常能够以具体应用所需的量包含在隔离液中。在一些实施方式中,烟道灰能够以按隔离液的重量计约1%~约60%的量存在于隔离液中(例如,约5%,约10%,约15%,约20%,约25%,约30%,约35%,约40%,约45%,约50%,约55%等)。在一些实施方式中,烟道灰能够以按隔离液的重量计约1%~约35%的量存在于隔离液中。在一些实施方式中,烟道灰能够以按隔离液的重量计约1%~约10%的量存在于隔离液中。本领域普通技术人员,受益于本公开,应当知道针对所选应用应当包含的烟道灰的合适量。
可选地,所述隔离液的实施方式可以进一步包含游离水控制助剂。如本文中所用的,术语“游离水控制助剂”是指包含于液体中用于除了其他事物之外,降低(或防止)液体中存在游离水的助剂。合适的游离水控制助剂的实例包括,但不限于,膨润土、无定形二氧化硅、羟乙基纤维素、以及它们的组合。当使用时,例如,所述游离水控制助剂能够以按隔离液的重量约0.1%~约16%的量存在。
受益于本公开,当本领域技术人员认为合适时,多种多样的其他助剂可以包含在隔离液中。这类助剂的实例包括但不限于,增重剂,稠化剂(例如,粘土,可水合聚合物,瓜尔胶),失水量控制助剂,堵漏材料,滤失控制助剂,分散剂,消泡剂,腐蚀抑制剂,结垢抑制剂,地层调节剂。这些和其他助剂的具体实例包括有机聚合物、表面活性剂、结晶二氧化硅、无定形二氧化硅、气相二氧化硅、盐、纤维、可水合粘土、微球体、稻壳灰(谷壳灰)、以及它们的组合等。本领域普通技术人员,受益于本公开,将能够很容易地确定对于具体应用和所需结果有用的助剂类型和用量。
本发明的实例方法包括增强隔离液流变学性质的方法。该方法可以包括在隔离液中包含CKD。这种CKD能够以足以提供比第一流体更高屈服点的量包含于隔离液中。更高的屈服点可以是令人希望的,例如,用于从所述钻井孔中有效地置换第一流体。如本文中所用的,术语“屈服点”是指流体对于初始流的阻力,或表示启动流体运动所需的应力。在一个实施方式中,在高达约180℉[约82℃]的温度下所述隔离液的屈服点高于约5lb/100ft2[约2Pa]。在一个实施方式中,在高达约180℉[约82℃]的温度下所述隔离液的屈服点高于约10lb/100ft2[约5Pa]。在一个实施方式中,在高达约180℉[约82℃]的温度下所述隔离液的屈服点高于约20lb/100ft2[约10Pa]。对于所述隔离液在高温下对于低于所述第一流体的屈服点并未热变稀,可能是令人希望的。因此,所述隔离液在高温,如180℉[82℃]或底洞静态温度(“BHST”)下具有比所述第一流体更高的屈服点。在一个实施方式中,在高温下所述隔离液可以具有升高的屈服点。例如,所述隔离液可以具有在180℉[82℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点。通过进一步举例,所述隔离液可以具有在BHST下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点。
本发明的另一个实例方法包括以下方法:从钻井孔中置换第一流体,所述钻井孔钻入了地表岩层。该方法可以包括提供包含CKD和水的隔离液。该方法可以进一步包括将所述隔离液引入到钻井孔中用来从钻井孔中置换至少一部分第一流体。在一些实施方式中,所述隔离液的特征在于具有在80℉[27℃]下比所述第一流体更高的屈服点。在一些实施方式中,所述隔离液的特征在于具有在130℉[54℃]下比第一流体更高的屈服点。在一些实施方式中,所述隔离液的特征在于具有在180℉[82℃]下比所述第一流体更高的屈服点。
在一个实施方式中,通过所述隔离液置换的第一流体包含钻井液(钻探泥浆)。举例而言,可以使用所述隔离液来从所述钻井孔中置换钻井液(钻探泥浆)。所述钻井液(钻探泥浆)可以包含,例如,任何数目的流体,如固体悬浮液,混合物和乳液。该方法的实施方式中的其他步骤可以包括将支管引入到钻井孔中,将水泥组合物引入到钻井孔中,用所述隔离液分离所述水泥组合物和所述第一流体。在一个实施方式中,所述水泥组合物可以允许在钻井孔中固化。所述水泥组合物可以包括,例如,水泥和水。
本发明的另一个实例方法包括以下方法:在钻井孔中分离流体,所述钻井孔深入到表层岩石中。该方法可以包括将隔离液引入到钻井孔中,所述钻井孔其中置有第一流体。所述隔离液可以包含,例如,CKD和水。该方法可以进一步包括将第二流体引入到钻井孔中,用所述隔离液分离所述第一流体和所述第二流体。在一个实施方式中,所述第一流体包含钻井液而所述第二流体包含水泥组合物。举例而言,所述隔离液可以防止所述水泥组合物接触所述钻井液。在一个实施方式中,所述水泥组合物包含水泥窑粉尘、水,以及可选地水凝水泥物质。根据本发明可以利用多种水凝水泥,包括但不限于,包含钙、铝、硅、氧、铁和/或硫的那些,其通过与水反应而固化和硬化。合适的水凝水泥包括,但不限于,波特兰水泥、火山灰水泥、石膏水泥、高氧化铝含量水泥、矿渣水泥、硅石水泥,以及它们的组合。在某些实施方式中,水凝水泥可以包括波特兰水泥。在一些实施方式中,本发明中适用的波特兰水泥可以根据美国石油学会(AmericanPetroleum Institute),API Specification for Materials and Testing for WellCements,API Specification10,Fifth Ed.,Jul.1,1990分类为A类、C类、H类和G类水泥。所述隔离液也可以在所述水泥组合物之前从钻井孔中除去钻井液(钻探泥浆)、脱水/凝胶的钻井液、和/或滤饼固体。从所述钻井孔中去除这些组合物可以增强水泥组合物与钻井孔表面的结合。在其他实施方式中,至少一部分使用的和/或未使用的含CKD的隔离液包含在置于井内并且允许固化的水泥组合物之中。
为了便于更好地理解本发明,提供了一些实施方式某些方面的以下实施例。以下实施例不应该解读为限制,或限定,本发明的范围。在以下实施例中,以整个组合物的重量百分比提供浓度。
实施例1
制备样品隔离液,用于评价含有CKD的隔离液的流变学性质。样品隔离液如下制备。首先,所有干组分(例如,CKD,烟道灰,膨润土,FWCA等)称重于具有干净盖子的玻璃容器中并手动搅拌直至共混。随后称取自来水加入韦林氏掺合机瓶中(Waring blender jar)。随后将干组分在4,000rpm的搅拌下混入水中。随后掺混机速度增加至12,000rpm持续约35s。
样品隔离液No.1是11磅/加仑[1320kg/m3]包含60.62%水、34.17%CKD、4.63%烟道灰和0.58%游离水控制助剂(WG-17TM固体助剂)的浆料。
样品隔离液No.2是11磅/加仑[1320kg/m3]包含60.79%水、30.42%CKD、4.13%烟道灰、0.17%游离水控制助剂(WG-17TM固体助剂)、3.45%膨润土和1.04%EconoliteTM助剂的浆料。
随后采用Fann Model35粘度计测定流变学数值。仪表读数以3,6,100,200和300的速度采用B1摆锤、R1转子和1.0弹簧进行记录。隔离液的仪表读数、塑性粘度、和屈服点都根据API Recommended Practices10B,宾汉塑性模型(Bingham plastic model)进行测定并在下表中提出。缩写“PV”是指塑性粘度,而缩写“YP”是指屈服点。
表1
在205℉[96.1℃]下根据API Recommended Practices10B还测定了样品隔离液No.1的稠化时间。在35Bc[稠度的比尔敦单位]下样品隔离液No.1具有超过6:00+小时的稠化时间。
因此,以上实施例说明了向隔离液中加入CKD可以提供适用于地表应用的性质。具体而言,除了别的以外,上述实施例说明了CKD可以用于提供不表现出热变稀作用的隔离液,所述隔离液甚至潜在地具有随温度升高的屈服点。例如,样品隔离液No.2在180℉[82℃]下具有的屈服点高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点。另外地,样品隔离液No.1的屈服点在180℉[82℃]下与80℉[27℃]相比仅稍微降低。甚至进一步地,该实施例说明向隔离液加入CKD可以提供随温度升高的塑性粘度。
实施例2
制备其他样品隔离液以进一步评价含有CKD的隔离液的流变学性质。样品隔离液如下制备。首先,所有干组分(例如,CKD,烟道灰)称重于具有干净盖子的玻璃容器中并手动搅拌直至共混。随后称取自来水加入韦林氏掺合机瓶中。随后在4,000rpm的搅拌下将干组分混入水中。随后掺混机速度增加至12,000rpm持续约35s。
样品流体No.3是12.5磅/加仑[1498kg/m3]包含47.29%水和52.71%CKD的流体。
样品流体No.4是12.5磅/加仑[1498kg/m3]包含46.47%水、40.15%CKD和13.38%烟道灰的流体。
样品流体No.5是12.5磅/加仑[1498kg/m3]包含45.62%水、27.19%CKD和27.19%烟道灰的流体。
样品流体No.6是12.5磅/加仑[1498kg/m3]包含44.75%水、13.81%CKD和41.44%烟道灰的流体。
样品流体No.7(比较)是12.5磅/加仑[1498kg/m3]包含43.85%水和56.15%烟道灰的流体。
随后采用Fann Model35粘度计测定流变学数值。仪表读数以3,6,30,60,100,200,300和600的速度采用B1摆锤、R1转子和1.0弹簧进行记录。隔离液的仪表读数、塑性粘度和屈服点都根据APIRecommended Practices10B,宾汉塑性模型(Bingham plastic model)进行测定并在下表中列出。缩写“PV”是指塑性粘度,而缩写“YP”是指屈服点。
表2
因此,以上实施例说明了向隔离液中加入CKD可以提供适用于地表应用中的性质。具体而言,除了别的以外,以上实施例说明了CKD可以用于提供并未表现出热变稀作用的隔离液,其中所述隔离液甚至潜在地具有随温度升高的屈服点。另外,如以上表2中所示,对于具有较高浓度的CKD的隔离液观察到较高的屈服点。
实施例3
制备含有CKD的样品隔离液用来比较含CKD的隔离液与油基钻井液(钻探泥浆)的流变学性质。样品隔离液如下制备。首先,所有干组分(例如,CKD,烟道灰,膨润土等)称重于具有干净盖子的玻璃容器中并手动搅拌直至共混。随后称取自来水加入韦林氏掺合机瓶中。随后在4,000rpm搅拌下将干组分混入水中。随后掺混机速度增加至12,000rpm持续约35s。
样品隔离液No.8是11磅/加仑[1320kg/m3]包含60.79%水、30.42%CKD、4.13%烟道灰、0.17%游离水控制助剂(WG-17TM固体助剂)、3.45%膨润土、和1.04%EconoliteTM助剂的料浆。
油基钻井液(钻探泥浆)是9.1磅/加仑[1090kg/m3]油基泥浆。
随后采用Fann Model35粘度计测定流变学数值。仪表读数以3,6,100,200和300的速度采用B1摆锤、R1转子和1.0弹簧进行记录。隔离液和钻井液(钻探泥浆)的仪表读数、塑性粘度和屈服点都根据APIRecommended Practices10B,宾汉塑性模型(Bingham plastic model)进行测定并在下表中给出。缩写“PV”是指塑性粘度,而缩写“YP”是指屈服点。缩写“OBM”是指油基泥浆。
表3
因此,以上实施例说明了向隔离液中加入CKD可以提供适用于地表应用中的性质。具体而言,除了别的以外,以上实施例说明CKD可以用于提供具有甚至在高温下屈服点高于钻井液(钻探泥浆)的隔离液。例如,样品隔离液No.8在180℉[82℃]下具有的屈服点高于油基泥浆。
因此,本发明非常适合用于获得以上提及的最终结果和优点以及本文中所固有的那些最终结果和优点。尽管讨论了单独的实施方式,本发明涵盖所有这些实施方式的所有组合。以上公开的具体实施方式仅仅是举例说明的,因为受益于本文中的教导,本发明能够以本领域技术人员清楚的不同但等效的方式进行修改和实施。此外,除了随附权利要求中所述,并非旨在限制本文中所示的结构或设计的细节。因此,应当清楚的是以上公开的说明性的具体实施方式可以进行改变或变更,并且所有这些变化都被认为在本发明的范围内。当以“包含”,“含有”或“包括”各种组分或步骤的形式描述组合物和方法时,这些组合物和方法还能够“基本上由各种组分和步骤组成”或“由各种组分和步骤组成”。当公开具有下限和上限的数值范围时,明确地公开了落入该范围之内的任何数字以及任何包含的范围。具体而言,本文公开的每个范围值(具有形式:“约a~约b”,或等效地,“大约a~b”,或等效地,“约a-b”)应该理解为提出了包含在较宽取值范围内的每个数值和范围。而且,权利要求中的术语,除非另外地由专利权人明确而清楚地限定之外,都具有其平常的普通含义。
Claims (17)
1.一种方法,包括:
提供包含水泥窑粉尘和水的隔离液;以及
将所述隔离液引入到钻井孔中用来从所述钻井孔中置换至少一部分第一流体,
其中所述隔离液在80℉[27℃]下具有的屈服点高于所述第一流体在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述隔离液包含按所述隔离液的重量计约20wt%~约35wt%的量的所述水泥窑粉尘,并且其中所述隔离液进一步包含按所述隔离液的重量计约占1wt%~约10wt%的量的烟道灰。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述隔离液在180℉[82℃]下具有的屈服点高于所述第一流体在180℉[82℃]下的屈服点。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述隔离液在180℉[82℃]下的屈服点高于约201b/100ft2[约10Pa]。
5.一种方法,包括:
提供包含水泥窑粉尘和水的隔离液;以及
将所述隔离液引入到钻井孔中,
其中所述隔离液在所述钻井孔的底洞静态温度下具有的屈服点高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点。
6.根据权利要求1或权利要求5所述的方法,其中所述水泥窑粉尘以按所述隔离液的重量计约1wt%~约60wt%的量存在于所述隔离液中。
7.根据权利要求1或权利要求5所述的方法,其中所述隔离液进一步包含烟道灰。
8.根据权利要求1或权利要求5所述的方法,其中所述隔离液进一步包含选自由以下组成的组中的至少一种助剂:游离水控制助剂、增重剂、稠化剂、失水量控制助剂、堵漏材料、滤失控制助剂、分散剂、消泡剂、腐蚀抑制剂、结垢抑制剂、形成调节剂,以及它们的任何组合。
9.根据权利要求1或权利要求5所述的方法,其中所述隔离液进一步包含选自由以下组成的组中的至少一种助剂:粘土、可水合聚合物、瓜尔胶、有机聚合物、表面活性剂、结晶二氧化硅、无定形二氧化硅、气相二氧化硅、盐、纤维、可水合粘土、微球体、稻壳灰,它们的任何组合。
10.一种方法,包括:
提供包含水泥窑粉尘和水的隔离液;以及
将所述隔离液引入到钻井孔中,
其中所述隔离液在130℉[54℃]下具有的屈服点高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点。
11.一种方法,包括:
提供包含水泥窑粉尘和水的隔离液;以及
将所述隔离液引入到钻井孔中,
其中所述隔离液在180℉[82℃]下具有的塑性粘度高于在80℉[27℃]下的塑性粘度。
12.根据权利要求10或权利要求11所述的方法,其中所述隔离液在180℉[82℃]下具有的屈服点高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点。
13.根据权利要求5、权利要求10或权利要求11所述的方法,其中将所述隔离液引入到所述钻井孔的所述步骤从所述钻井孔中置换至少一部分第一流体。
14.根据权利要求1或权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述第一流体包含钻井液。
15.根据权利要求1或权利要求14所述的方法,进一步包括将水泥组合物引入到所述钻井孔之中用于从所述钻井孔中置换至少一部分所述隔离液,其中所述隔离液将所述水泥组合物与所述钻井液隔开。
16.根据权利要求1、权利要求5、权利要求10或权利要求11所述的方法,进一步包含将水泥组合物引入到所述钻井孔之中用来从所述钻井孔中置换至少一部分所述隔离液,其中所述水泥组合物包含水泥窑粉尘。
17.一种隔离液,包含:
水泥窑粉尘;和
水,
其中所述隔离液具有:
在130℉[54℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点,
在180℉[82℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的屈服点,和/或
在180℉[82℃]下高于在80℉[27℃]下的塑性粘度。
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US8522873B2 (en) | 2013-09-03 |
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