The floating type brake pad of sleety weather
Technical field
The invention belongs to train braking field, particularly the floating type brake pad of a kind of sleety weather.
Background technology
Bullet train mainly comprises brake disc and brake pad by disc type brake structure, the phase by brake disc with brake padMutual friction, has consumed the kinetic energy of moving vehicle or equipment, makes train stop motion. More common brake pad adopts backboard and rubsWipe the mode that piece rivet is fixedly connected with, this brake pad in the time of braking, be prone to brake pad on brake pad and brake disc itBetween the phenomenon that can not fit completely, what make that active force can not be average acts on brake pad and brake disc, thereby causes brake padHigh stress point there is crackle, fall piece, damaged, produce district of localized hyperthermia, shortened service life of brake pad, shadowRing braking effect.
For example, Chinese patent document CN1804422A discloses a kind of brake pad, and it comprises chassis and friction unitPart, described friction element is arranged on support component, and support component is fixed on chassis by fixture compartment of terrain, and it is fixedDevice is arranged at the rivet between friction element, by rivet, brake pad is fixedly connected on chassis, thereby causes damper brakeThe problem that can not fit completely between brake pad on sheet and brake disc, there is crackle, falls in the high stress point of brake padPiece, damaged, reduce the service life of brake pad.
For addressing the above problem, brake pad in recent years adopts the mode of backboard and brake pad floating connection conventionally, rubsWipe piece and have certain amount of floating with respect to backboard, when brake lining braking, brake pad angle can change, and makes brake pad and brakingBetween dish, effectively friction area increases, and alleviates the eccentric wear of brake pad, the service life of having improved brake pad. Due to floating type companyConnecting structure can make brake pad rotate relative to backboard, therefore, makes to nibble mutually between brake pad by the arrangement mode of brake pad is setClose, realize the locking of brake pad horizontal direction in backboard mounting plane; And this arrangement mode more closely can make damper brakeThe thermal diffusivity variation of sheet, conventionally on brake pad, moulding louvre is realized the heat radiation of brake pad for this reason. But, said structureBrake pad is unsuitable for using at sleety weather, and this is because the buffing accumulating in brake pad louvre can be set in one with sleetRise, form larger ice cube, affect the normal work of brake pad.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the structure of existing brake pad is unsuitable for sleety weather and uses,And then provide a kind of be applicable to sleety weather use brake pad.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the floating type brake pad of sleety weather of the present invention, it comprises, backboard, described inBackboard is the fan loop configuration that arc transition is passed through at two ends; Several brake pads, described brake pad can be connected in the described back of the body by floating groundOn plate, encircle to the outer shroud brake pad described in multilayer of arranging along described backboard interior, anti-rotation knot is set between the described brake pad of adjacent layerStructure, the rubbing surface of described brake pad is the plane of a polishing.
The friction area of described brake pad is encircled to outer shroud and is increased progressively arrangement along described backboard interior.
The shape of some described brake pads is identical, equal and opposite in direction, the brake pad number that approaches ring one side in described backboard lower thanApproach the brake pad number of described backboard outer shroud.
Centered by the center of rotation of the brake disc that coordinates with described brake pad, any radius of radiation on described backboardOn be all coated with described brake pad.
Distance between adjacent described brake pad is between 5-20mm.
Described anti-rotation structure is the anti-bull stick being fixedly connected on described backboard.
The rubbing surface of described brake pad has two parallel straight flanges, and parallel straight flange two ends connect by circular arc; Described straightDescribed in edge, backboard toroidal direction is arranged.
Between described brake pad and described backboard, be provided for realizing elastic support sheet or the dish spring of floating connection.
Described elastic support sheet comprises, spherical is fitted and connected with the spherical support portion of described brake pad; Described ballThe bottom centre of shape supporting surface forms pilot hole; Be arranged at some support ratchets in described spherical outside, described supportRatchet extends away from described pilot hole direction to bottom the tendency of described spherical from the edge of described spherical, instituteThe connection edge of stating support ratchet is connected by the section of seamlessly transitting with the edge of described spherical, described support ratchet and described companyConnect the bottom that support edge that edge is relative extends beyond described spherical.
Described support ratchet comprises one section of conical joint face and one section of columniform supporting surface, described joint face with described inSupporting surface passes through arc transition.
Described spherical is made up of edge land portions and bottom land portions, the curvature of described edge land portions halfFootpath is less than the radius of curvature of described bottom land portions, and the land portions face of described edge land portions and described brake lining brake pad connectsTouch, and leave gap between described bottom land portions and described brake lining brake pad.
Be symmetrical arranged 4 described support ratchets along the outside of described spherical, logical between adjacent described support ratchetCross U-shaped opening transition, described U-shaped opening mouth the end with described in the section of seamlessly transitting tool at regular intervals.
Technique scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
(1) in brake pad of the present invention, on the annular backboard of fan, encircle to the outer shroud some layers of brake pad of arranging along interior, adjacent layer rubsWipe piece gap is set, meanwhile, not moulding louvre on the rubbing surface of brake pad, is a polishing plane; This structure on the one handCan ensure that brake back plate thermal diffusivity is better, on the other hand, can make this brake pad buffing in the time that sleety weather uses holdLanding in the gap of changing places between brake pad, with respect to existing floating type brake pad, that has avoided that buffing accumulates showsResemble.
(2) in brake pad of the present invention, the friction area of brake pad is encircled to outer shroud and is increased progressively arrangement along backboard interior, and it canLarger to ensure the higher outer shroud rubbing surface of linear velocity, the interior ring rubbing surface that linear velocity is lower is lower, being heated of whole brake padEvenly, make the service life of backboard higher. In order further to improve the heat dispersion of brake back plate, with what coordinate with brake padCentered by the center of rotation of brake disc, on any radius of radiation on described backboard, be all coated with described brake pad. Further, in brake pad of the present invention, between adjacent brake pad, distance is within the scope of 5-20mm, and between brake pad, distance is comparatively equalEven, further improve the heat dispersion of brake pad.
(3) in brake pad of the present invention, apply elastic support sheet and realize the floating connection of brake pad and backboard, resiliency supportedSheet is provided for the spherical of the land portions that supports brake lining brake pad and is positioned at the support ratchet in spherical outside,Support ratchet is fixed in the locating hole of friction block, and when bullet train is braked, brake pad is floated and propped up by sphericalSupport, can freely adjust best effort face, and brake pad is increased with the effective brake area contacting of brake disc, has alleviated frictionThe eccentric wear phenomenon of piece. And, between spherical and support ratchet, be connected by smooth transition surface, be subject to larger at brake padStress time, stress outwards can be disperseed, make to support ratchet and outwards stretch. Than the structure of existing brake pad, the present inventionThe support performance of elastic support sheet and elasticity all greatly improve.
(4), in elastic support sheet of the present invention, support ratchet and comprise one section of conical joint face and one section columniformSupport face, joint face and supporting surface pass through arc transition. Reduce the concentrated problem of stress, be more beneficial to support ratchet and outwards carry outStrain.
(5) in elastic support sheet of the present invention, between adjacent described support ratchet by U-shaped opening transition, U-shaped openingMouthful mouth the end with described in the section of seamlessly transitting tool at regular intervals; Because the section of seamlessly transitting supporting between ratchet and spherical isThe main stress concentrated position of elastic support sheet, U-shaped opening with seamlessly transit spacer segment one segment distance and can make elastic support sheetSupportive improve, avoided the poor phenomenon that causes ratchet to fracture of support force.
Brief description of the drawings
For content of the present invention is more likely to be clearly understood, below according to a particular embodiment of the invention and in conjunction with attachedFigure, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the floating type brake pad of sleety weather of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of brake pad;
Fig. 3 is the syndeton schematic diagram of anti-bull stick and backboard;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of jump ring;
Fig. 5 is the top view of elastic support sheet;
Fig. 6 is the cutaway view of elastic support sheet;
Fig. 7 is the cutaway view of another kind of elastic support sheet.
In figure, Reference numeral is expressed as:
1-backboard, 11-locating hole, the flat hole of 12-ream, 2-brake pad, 21-friction piece, 22-keeper, 23-gripper shoe, 3-jump ring,31-supporting leg, the circular collar of 32-, 4-elastic support sheet, 41-spherical, 411-pilot hole, 412-edge, 42-supportsRatchet, the 43-section of seamlessly transitting, 421-connects edge, 422-support edge, the anti-bull stick of 5-.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, use following examples to be further elaborated the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the floating type brake pad of sleety weather of the present invention, and it comprises, backboard 1, and described backboard 1 is twoEnd is by the fan loop configuration of arc transition; Several brake pads 2, described brake pad 2 can be connected in described backboard 1 by floating groundUpper, encircle to the outer shroud brake pad 2 described in multilayer of arranging along described backboard 1 interior, between the described brake pad 2 of adjacent layer, arrange anti-Rotation structure, the rubbing surface of described brake pad 2 is the plane of a polishing.
Because the linear velocity of encircling in described brake lining is lower than the linear velocity of described brake lining outer shroud, therefore in order to keep the friction of backboardBe heated evenly, the friction area of described brake pad 2 is encircled to outer shroud and increased progressively spread configuration along described backboard 1 interior. The present embodimentIn, as shown in Figure 2, the shape of some described brake pads 2 is identical, and equal and opposite in direction approaches rubbing of described interior ring one side of backboard 1Wipe piece 2 numbers lower than brake pad 2 numbers that approach described backboard 1 outer shroud. Distance between adjacent described brake pad 2 existsBetween 5-20mm.
More even for brake pad when work is heated, as shown in Figure 1, with the braking coordinating with described brake padCentered by the center of rotation of dish, on any radius of radiation on described backboard 1, be all coated with described brake pad 2.
Described brake pad 2 is by friction piece 21, keeper 22 and gripper shoe 23 one sinter moldings, described brake pad 2The rubbing surface of described friction piece 21 there are two parallel straight flanges, parallel straight flange two ends connect by circular arc; Described supportThe thin plate that plate 23 is spherical structure for middle part, its profile is consistent with the shape of described friction piece 21, and its land portions forms sphericalSupport portion; Insert in described backboard 1 described keeper 22 one end, and the other end is connected with described friction piece 21. Described keeperIn one side of 22 the described backboard 1 of insertion, form locating groove.
Described anti-rotation structure is the anti-bull stick 5 being fixedly connected on described backboard 1. In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, instituteStating anti-bull stick 5 is the rivet of riveting with described backboard 1. The straight portion of described friction piece 21 is along described backboard 1 toroidal directionArrange. The part of facing directly at each described brake pad 2 arranges 1 or 2 rivets for preventing the rotation of described brake pad 2.
As shown in Figure 2, between described brake pad 2 and described backboard 1, be provided for realizing the elastic support sheet of floating connection4. In the flat hole 12 of ream that described elastic support sheet 4 is positioned over described backboard, the keeper 22 of described brake pad 2 passes successivelyDescribed elastic support sheet 4 and described backboard 1, be connected in by jump ring 3 in the locating hole 11 of described backboard. As Fig. 4 instituteShow, described jump ring 3 is by spring steel bending and molding, and it comprises two supporting legs 31 and circular collar 32, described circular collar 32Be connected on the locating groove of described keeper 22.
As shown in Figure 6, described elastic support sheet 4 comprises, is fitted and connected with the described spherical support portion of described brake pad 2Spherical 41; The bottom centre of described spherical 41 forms and is suitable for the pilot hole that described keeper 22 passes411; The some support ratchets 42 that are arranged at described spherical 41 outsides, described support ratchet 42 is from described spherical supportThe edge 412 of face 41 extends away from described pilot hole 411 directions to bottom the tendency of described spherical 41, describedThe support connection edge 421 of ratchet 42 and the edge of described spherical 41 are connected by the section of seamlessly transitting 43, described support sour jujubeThe support edge 422 that pawl 42 is relative with described connection edge 421 extends beyond the bottom of described spherical 41. Described support sour jujubePawl 42 comprises one section of conical joint face 423 and one section of columniform supporting surface 424, described joint face 423 with describedSupport face 424 passes through arc transition. Described spherical 41 is made up of one section of sphere, described spherical 41 and described lockThe land portions face contact of sheet brake pad.
As shown in Figure 5, be symmetrical arranged 4 described support ratchets 42 along the outside of described spherical 41, adjacent instituteState and support between ratchet 42 by U-shaped opening 44 transition, the mouth end of described U-shaped opening 44 and described in the section of seamlessly transitting 43Tool is at regular intervals.
In other embodiments, in order to make the horizontal-shift of brake pad more flexible, as shown in Figure 7, described resiliency supportedThe described spherical 41 of sheet 4 is made up of edge land portions and bottom land portions, the curvature of described edge land portionsRadius is less than the radius of curvature of described bottom land portions, the land portions face of described edge land portions and described brake lining brake padContact, and leave gap between described bottom land portions and described brake lining brake pad.
In other embodiments, can also be to establish for what realize floating connection between described brake pad 2 and described backboard 1Be placed in the dish spring between described brake pad 2 and described backboard 1.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example is clearly described, and the not restriction to embodiment. RightIn those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make on the basis of the above description other multi-form variation or changeMoving. Here without also giving exhaustive to all embodiments. And apparent variation or the variation of being extended out thusStill among the protection domain in the invention.