The train braking brake lining of band regulator
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of train braking device, especially relates to a kind of train braking brake lining.
Background technique
Along with the trend of train, train braking is had higher requirement to high speed development.What train generally adopted with brake pad is the fixedly connected brake lining structure of rivet, and the brake pad shape is generally circle, Hexagon, quadrilateral or triangle, this brake lining structure is when train is braked at a high speed, effective friction area between brake lining and the brake disc is about 90%, be difficult to realize 100% applying, so on the one hand brake lining in braking at a high speed, because the acting in conjunction of bearing alternating stress and high heat load, cause brake lining brake pad crackle easily, fall piece, phenomenon such as damaged; The high point of temperature appears in brake disc surface easily on the other hand, thermal stress takes place concentrate, and produces hot crack, influences the braking force efficient of EMU.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of effective friction area that can improve in the course of the work between brake pad and the brake disc, heat dissipation potential strong and can effectively reduce the brake lining brake pad to be subjected to the High Temperature High Pressure effect and crackle takes place, fall piece, the train braking brake lining of the band regulator of phenomenon such as damaged and performance degradation.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is: a kind of train braking brake lining with regulator, comprise mounting plate, regulator, brake pad and spring, have the installation cricket cup of three or three integral multiple on the described mounting plate, each bottom that the cricket cup is installed all has the regulator mounting hole; Described regulator comprises carrier board, regulator ball cup and regulator spherical surface body, has three regulator ball cups on the carrier board, and the bottom of regulator ball cup has through hole, and the carrier board bottom has the regulator spherical surface body; Described brake pad comprises powder bed, dunnage, brake pad spherical surface body and afterbody coupling shaft, and powder bed is positioned at the dunnage top and has mesopore, and the dunnage bottom has the brake pad spherical surface body, and the lower end of brake pad spherical surface body has the afterbody coupling shaft; The regulator spherical surface body of described regulator is packed into and is installed in the cricket cup and be slidingly matched mutually accordingly on the mounting plate; The brake pad spherical surface body of described brake pad is packed on the regulator in the corresponding regulator ball cup and is slidingly matched mutually, be positioned on the described mounting plate each regulator mounting hole around locate all to have at least one regulator positioning pin hole and three brake pad mounting holes; Described regulator also comprises installation base and regulator location protruding pin, and regulator location protruding pin is located at the carrier board bottom, and installation base is located at the lower end of regulator spherical surface body; The installation base loose fit ground of described regulator inserts in the regulator mounting hole of mounting plate, and the regulator of regulator location protruding pin inserts in the regulator positioning pin hole of mounting plate; The afterbody coupling shaft of described brake pad passes through hole on the regulator and the brake pad mounting hole on the mounting plate, and described spring is a spring collar, and the end of afterbody coupling shaft is connected with mounting plate elasticity by this spring collar; Described brake pad is divided into first brake pad and second brake pad, and first brake pad is the hexagon body, and second brake pad is the pentagon body, and a face towards the mounting plate outside in five sides of second brake pad is a convex globoidal; Second brake pad distribute around along the mounting plate front and with first brake pad) be trapped among in the middle of, perhaps second brake pad is scattered in two rows and first brake pad is clipped in the middle along outer arc edge in the mounting plate front.
Described first brake pad has 4, and each side of its hexagon body is the plane; Second brake pad has 14, in the side of its pentagon body except that convex globoidal all the other four sides be the plane.
Described first brake pad has 6, and each side of its hexagon body is the plane; Second brake pad has 12, and in the side of its pentagon body except that convex globoidal all the other four sides be the plane.
Described first brake pad has 4 or 6, and each side of its hexagon body is cambered surface; Second brake pad has 14 or 12 accordingly, and in the side of its pentagon body except that convex globoidal all the other four sides be cambered surface.
The middle part of described mounting plate is provided with some and regulates muscle.
Have spring groove on the afterbody coupling shaft of described brake pad, spring collar is housed on the spring groove, so that brake pad is connected with mounting plate elasticity.
The carrier board of described regulator is that triangle is petal, a regulator ball cup is arranged on each petal, regulator location protruding pin is located between wherein two petals, and the bottom surface of carrier board is inclined upwardly from inside to outside gradually, and promptly the wall thickness of carrier board reduces from inside to outside gradually.
The two ends of described mounting plate respectively have one pin-and-hole is installed, and the interior outer arc edge at mounting plate back is provided with arc-shaped slot, as with the interface of braking clamp brake plate support.
Spring groove on the afterbody coupling shaft of described brake pad is an annular slot.
After adopting said structure, brake pad of the present utility model has the following advantages:
(1) each parts of brake pad adopt Elastic Contact, floating type connection, the especially end of afterbody coupling shaft to be connected with mounting plate elasticity by spring collar, with respect to the brake lining structure that is rigidly connected, can reduce noise, and play certain cushioning effect.
(2) utilize decide face principle adjustment plane at 3, make that each brake pad on each regulator is more effectively adjusted to same plane automatically, area of contact when improving work, stop the mistakes thermal fatigue that material local pressure inequality is produced, improve brake lining heat dissipation potential, overcome the brake lining frictional behaviour and fail.
(3) pass through the adjusting of brake pad spherical surface body and regulator spherical surface body to brake pad, make the rubbing surface of each brake pad be in same plane simultaneously fully, can effectively reduce the brake lining brake pad at EMU when braking, be subjected to High Temperature High Pressure effect generation crackle, fall phenomenons such as piece, damaged and performance degradation, guarantee the EMU safe operation.
(4) powder bed of brake pad has mesopore, has both increased the specific surface of friction piece, improves heat dissipation potential again.
A face towards the mounting plate outside in five sides of (5) second brake pads is a convex globoidal, can reduce that machinery is damaged and torque forces.
(6) because each brake pad can be adjusted to same plane automatically, the thickness of brake pad is controlled at certain dimensional range when needing only sintering, does not need grinding, has saved subsequent machining cost.
(7) brake lining maintenance, change conveniently, wearing away the limit back only needs to change brake pad, and other component can be reused.Reduce maintenance cost.
Description of drawings
The embodiment who provides below in conjunction with accompanying drawing is described in further detail the utility model.
Fig. 1 is train braking brake lining first embodiment's of a band regulator of the present utility model main TV structure schematic representation;
Fig. 2 is the right elevation of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the regulator in the utility model;
Fig. 4 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the brake pad in the utility model;
Fig. 7 is the C-C sectional view of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the regulator among Fig. 1 and the assembling partial sectional view of brake pad and mounting plate;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of second brake pad among Fig. 1;
Figure 10 is the flat unit schematic representation that the utility model first embodiment's brake pad forms;
Figure 11 is the D-D sectional view of Figure 10;
Figure 12 is the E-E sectional view of Figure 10;
Figure 13 is second an embodiment's of the present utility model structural representation;
Figure 14 is the schematic representation of the flat unit that forms of the brake pad of Figure 13;
Figure 15 is the utility model the 3rd embodiment's a structural representation.
Embodiment
Shown in Fig. 1~9, first embodiment of the present utility model, the train braking brake lining of band regulator of the present utility model, comprise mounting plate 1, regulator 2, brake pad 3 and spring, have the installation cricket cup 1-6 of three or three integral multiple on the described mounting plate 1, each bottom that cricket cup 1-6 is installed all has regulator mounting hole 1-4; Described regulator 2 comprises carrier board 2-6, regulator ball cup 2-1 and regulator spherical surface body 2-3, has three regulator ball cup 2-1 on the carrier board 2-6, and the bottom of regulator ball cup 2-1 has through hole 2-2, and carrier board 2-6 bottom has regulator spherical surface body 2-3; Described brake pad 3 comprises powder bed 3-1, dunnage 3-2, brake pad spherical surface body 3-3 and afterbody coupling shaft 3-4, powder bed 3-1 is positioned at dunnage 3-2 top and has mesopore 3-5, dunnage 3-2 bottom has brake pad spherical surface body 3-3, and the lower end of brake pad spherical surface body 3-3 has afterbody coupling shaft 3-4; The regulator spherical surface body 2-3 of described regulator 2 packs into and installs among the cricket cup 1-6 and be slidingly matched mutually accordingly on the mounting plate 1; The brake pad spherical surface body 3-3 of described brake pad 3 packs on the regulator 2 among the corresponding regulator ball cup 2-1 and is slidingly matched mutually, be positioned on the described mounting plate 1 each regulator mounting hole 1-4 around locate all to have at least one regulator positioning pin hole 1-3 and three brake pad mounting hole 1-5; Described regulator 2 also comprises installation base 2-4 and regulator location protruding pin 2-5, and regulator location protruding pin 2-5 is located at carrier board 2-6 bottom, and installation base 2-4 is located at the lower end of regulator spherical surface body 2-3; The installation base 2-4 loose fit ground of described regulator 2 inserts among the regulator mounting hole 1-4 of mounting plate 1, and the regulator of regulator 2 location protruding pin 2-5 inserts among the regulator positioning pin hole 1-3 of mounting plate 1; The afterbody coupling shaft 3-4 of described brake pad 3 passes through hole 2-2 on the regulator 2 and the brake pad mounting hole 1-5 on the mounting plate 1, and described spring is a spring collar 4, and the end of afterbody coupling shaft 3-4 is connected with mounting plate 1 elasticity by this spring collar 4; Described brake pad 3 is divided into first brake pad 3 ' and second brake pad 3 ", first brake pad 3 ' is the hexagon body, second brake pad 3 " be the pentagon body, second brake pad 3 " five sides in be convex globoidal 3 towards the face in mounting plate 1 outside "-6; Second brake pad 3 " be trapped among the centre along mounting plate 1 positive distribution all around and with first brake pad 3 '.
Regulator ball cup 2-1 on the carrier board 2-6 is made of a whole ball-and-socket, also can be that a plurality of ball-and-sockets by a plurality of different-diameters are connected in sequence.
As shown in Figure 1, described first brake pad 3 ' has 4, and each side of its hexagon body is the plane; Second brake pad 3 " have 14, in the side of its pentagon body except that convex globoidal 3 " all the other four sides are the plane-6.
Shown in Figure 10,11, the middle part of described mounting plate 1 is provided with some and regulates muscle 1-2.Regulate the first order regulation unit of muscle 1-2, under the braking force effect, regulate muscle 1-2 resiliently deformable can take place as brake pad.
Shown in Fig. 7,8, have spring groove 3-4-1 on the afterbody coupling shaft 3-4 of described brake pad 3, spring collar 4 is housed, so that brake pad 3 is connected with mounting plate 1 elasticity on the spring groove 3-4-1.
Shown in Fig. 3,4, the carrier board 2-6 of described regulator 2 is that triangle is petal, a regulator ball cup 2-1 is arranged on each petal, regulator location protruding pin 2-5 is located between wherein two petals, the bottom surface 2-6-1 of carrier board 2-6 is inclined upwardly from inside to outside gradually, and promptly the wall thickness of carrier board 2-6 reduces from inside to outside gradually.Can increase the elastic deformation amount of the carrier board 2-6 of regulator 2 like this, regulate the stressed of brake pad 3 better.
Shown in Fig. 1,2,11,12, the two ends of described mounting plate 1 respectively have one pin-and-hole 1-1 is installed, and the interior outer arc edge at mounting plate 1 back is provided with arc-shaped slot 1-7, as with the interface of braking clamp brake plate support.
Shown in Fig. 7,8, the spring groove 3-4-1 on the afterbody coupling shaft 3-4 of described brake pad 3 is an annular slot.Described spring collar 4 is stuck on the annular slot 3-4-1 of afterbody coupling shaft 3-4 of brake pad 3.
Among the utility model first embodiment:
Brake pad edge all adopts first brake pad 3 ' of the pentagon body of band mesopore 3-5, second brake pad 3 of the pentagon body of band mesopore 3-5 " have an arc surface; and arc surface is towards mounting plate 1 outside, and arc surface can effectively reduce the brake pad breakage of brake lining under the braking condition of high speed and high pressure.
Each parts of brake pad adopt Elastic Contact, floating type connection, the especially end of afterbody coupling shaft to be connected with mounting plate elasticity by spring collar, can reduce noise, and play certain cushioning effect.
Shown in Figure 13,14, be the utility model second embodiment, wherein, second brake pad 3 " along mounting plate 1 positive in the outer arc edge be scattered in two rows and first brake pad 3 ' be clipped in the middle; First brake pad 3 ' has 6, and each side of its hexagon body is the plane; Second brake pad 3 " have 12, and in the side of its pentagon body except that convex globoidal 3 " all the other four sides are the plane-6.All the other structures are identical with above-mentioned first embodiment.
As shown in figure 15, be the utility model the 3rd embodiment, second brake pad 3 wherein " distribute around positive along mounting plate 1 and first brake pad 3 ' be trapped among in the middle of; First brake pad 3 ' has 4, and each side of its hexagon body is cambered surface; Second brake pad 3 " have 14 accordingly, and in the side of its pentagon body except that convex globoidal 3 " all the other four sides are cambered surface-6.All the other structures are identical with above-mentioned first embodiment.Certain first brake pad 3 ' also can be 6, second brake pad 3 " there are 12 accordingly.
The utility model working procedure is as follows:
Mounting plate 1 back side curve bath card 1-7 of brake pad is connected with the brake plate support of braking clamp, and be fixed on the braking clamp, after the driver sends the braking request instruction, the braking clamp is under the effect of pressure air, produce thrust, promote brake pad and compress brake disc, thereby produce frictional force, finally be converted into vehicles whose braking forces, finish the vehicle braked process.
Working principle of the present utility model:
Shown in Figure 10,14, when the braking force of braking clamp acts on the mounting plate 1 by two force S0 on the brake plate support,, mounting plate can produce the part resiliently deformable because regulating muscle 1-2, and make whole brake pad become upper and lower two separate planes systems.The point of force application S0 of brake plate support is in the particle of planar system, be distributed with three ball cup 1-6 on each planar system of mounting plate 1, in order to support regulator 2, regulator 2 has particle F0, the particle F0 of three regulators 2 can form a triangle, and leg-of-mutton particle overlaps with the force S0 of brake plate support just.For single regulator 2, three ball cup 2-1 that distribute on it match with three brake pad spherical surface body 3-3 respectively, three brake pads 3 are when being subjected to the retardation pressure that brake disc applies, can adjust angle automatically, three brake pads 3 on the single regulator 2 are remained on the same frictional plane, fit in the rubbing surface of brake disc.As three regulators 2 in the separate planes system when being subjected to retardation pressure, can guarantee that three regulators, 2 nine top brake pads 3 are on the frictional plane by the angular adjustment between the ball cup 1-6 of regulator spherical surface body 2-3 and mounting plate 1 of self.Work as brake pad like this in carrying out braking process, just can guarantee that 100% of brake pad and brake disc is fitted, greatly improved retardation efficiency, effectively avoided because the brake disc hot spot that the brake pad unbalance stress causes produces.Each brake pad 3 (contain first brake pad 3 ' and second brake pad 3 ") all adopt elasticity to be connected; and floating structure; when being subjected to the frictional force action of brake disc rubbing surface; three brake pads 3 on the same regulator 2 will rotate along ball shank 3-3 central shaft separately in same plane; after turning to several angle will also lock mutually with the limit or the angle contacting of adjacent brake pad 3.During this period,, both reduced the total energy that brake pad 3 is born, and be beneficial to abrasive dust again and discharge frictional contact surface, effectively kept the bright and clean of rubbing surface, slowed down the brake pad material performance degradation making partial frictional heat energy be converted into the rotation energy of brake pad 3.The train braking brake lining of band regulator of the present utility model adopts spherical surface body, regulator and the mounting plate of brake pad to regulate three grades of regulating mechanisms of muscle, area of contact when improving brake pad work, stops the mistake thermal fatigue that material local pressure inequality is produced.