CN103100950B - Cantilever grinding machining method for vane using three-axis linkage interpolation - Google Patents

Abstract

A cantilever grinding machining method for a vane using three-axis linkage interpolation comprises four steps: (1) ascertaining the grinding method of a vane-shaped face according to the structure type and the motion mode of a machine tool and the structure form of the vane; (2) clamping a tenon or a installation reference block of the vane through a single end of a fixture to enable the vane to be firmly fixed on an operating platform of the machine tool and keeping the vane-shaped face portion needing machining in a cantilever state on the numerical control machine tool; (3) selecting three machine tool motion axes suitable for the grinding machining of the vane-shaped face and a grinding wheel to composite a digital control program, and driving the three linear motion axes X, Y and Z, or the axis X, the axis Z and axis C, or the axis Y, the axis Z and the axis C to conduct the three-axis linkage interpolation motion by the digital control program to form a motion trail of the grinding wheel when the vane is in a grinding machining; and (4) enabling the grinding wheel to rotate at a high speed under the driving of a main shaft of the machine tool and move along the motion trail of the three-axis linkage interpolation of the machine tool to achieve the three-axis linkage interpolation cantilever grinding machining of the vane-shaped face.

Description

A blade cantilever grinding method using three-axis linkage interpolation

technical field

The invention relates to a blade surface grinding method, in particular to a blade cantilever grinding method using three-axis linkage interpolation, and belongs to the technical field of blade processing.

Background technique

At present, blades with complex profiles are generally milled or polished using four-axis linkage, five-axis linkage or more axis linkage. Support on the surface.

Above-mentioned processing method has following shortcoming at least:

Since the interpolation accuracy, dynamic rigidity and motion speed of CNC machine tools will decrease correspondingly with the increase of the number of linkage axes, therefore, in the process of machining blades, the more axes of CNC machine tools involved in linkage, the higher the machining accuracy and efficiency will be. Low, at the same time, the cost of machine tools is also high. The double-end fixed installation of the blade or the auxiliary support on the blade surface are a kind of clamping over-positioning, which will generate corresponding clamping internal stress in the blade, resulting in clamping deformation of the blade. The clamping stress is released, and the clamping deformation of the blade is restored, so that the machining accuracy of the blade is lost, which seriously affects the machining geometric accuracy of the blade.

Contents of the invention

1. Purpose: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a blade cantilever grinding method utilizing three-axis linkage interpolation, which is a high-precision, high-efficiency, and low-cost processing method for the blade surface , high-quality, mass production provides a reliable way.

2. Technical solution:

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: In the blade processing method provided by the present invention, the single end of the blade is fixed on the workbench of the CNC machine tool, and the installation can use vise, combined pressing plate, bolt fastening and other special fixtures etc., it is only necessary to ensure that the airfoil profile to be processed is completely in a cantilever state, and there is enough space for the interpolation movement of the grinding wheel; the grinding track of the blade profile by the grinding wheel is determined by the three linear axes of the CNC machine tool or One rotary axis and two linear axes are obtained through interpolation; and the high-speed rotating spindle of the machine tool drives the grinding wheel to grind the blade profile.

In summary, the present invention provides a blade cantilever grinding method using three-axis linkage interpolation. The specific steps of the method are as follows:

Step 1: Determine the grinding method of the blade surface according to the structure type, motion mode and blade structure of the machine tool, and select the relative installation position of the blade on the machine tool table.

Step 2: Clamp the tenon of the blade or the installation datum of the blade by the single end of the fixture, so that the blade is firmly fixed on the workbench of the machine tool, and the part of the blade surface to be processed is kept in a cantilever state on the CNC machine tool, as shown in Figure 1.

Step 3: Select three machine tool motion axes and grinding wheels suitable for blade surface grinding for CNC programming, and drive the three linear motion axes of the machine tool X, Y, and Z or X, Z, and C axes or Y-axis, Z-axis, and C-axis perform three-axis linkage interpolation movement, thus forming the grinding wheel movement track during blade grinding.

Step 4: The grinding wheel rotates at high speed under the drive of the main shaft of the machine tool, and moves according to the motion track of the three-axis linkage interpolation of the machine tool, thereby realizing the three-axis linkage interpolation cantilever grinding process of the blade profile.

3. Advantages and effects: The blade grinding method provided by the present invention can avoid blade clamping deformation, reduce unfavorable factors affecting blade processing quality, and grinding wheel grinding can also reduce blade processing vibration and force deformation, Improve the geometric accuracy of blade machining.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of blade full profile transverse grinding;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of longitudinal grinding of blade back and leaf pot;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of longitudinal grinding of the front and rear edges of the blade;

Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the blade grinding process of the present invention.

The symbols in the figure are explained as follows:

1 Grinding wheel; 2 Traversal grinding movement track of grinding wheel; 3 Tenon or installation reference block; 4 Fixtures;

5 leaf pot; 6 leaf back; 7 longitudinal grinding movement track of grinding wheel; 8 leading edge of blade; 9 trailing edge of blade;

Detailed ways

The invention utilizes the three-axis linkage interpolation motion of the numerical control machine tool, the single-end cantilever of the blade is clamped on the numerical control machine tool, and the profile surface of the blade is ground by a grinding wheel. According to the position of the blade relative to the machine tool after single-end clamping and the structure type of the CNC machine tool, different three axes can be selected for interpolation motion, so as to obtain the grinding motion trajectory of the grinding wheel. The present invention will be further described in detail through specific embodiments below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Fig. 4, the present invention uses a three-axis linkage interpolation blade cantilever grinding method. The specific steps of the method are as follows:

Step 1: Determine the grinding method of the blade surface according to the structure type, motion mode and blade structure of the machine tool, and select the relative installation position of the blade on the machine tool table. Different forms of blades can be adjusted according to the actual structure of the machine tool.

Step 2: As shown in Figure 1, use the clamp (4) to clamp the tenon of the blade at one end or install the reference block (3), so that the blade is firmly fixed on the worktable of the machine tool, and the blade surface to be processed is processed on the CNC machine tool remain in a cantilevered state.

Step 3: Select three machine tool motion axes and grinding wheel (1) suitable for blade surface grinding and carry out CNC programming. Under the blade installation method shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3, drive the machine tool through the CNC program X, Y, Z three linear motion axes or X axis, Z axis, C axis or Y axis, Z axis, C axis perform three-axis interpolation motion, thus forming the grinding wheel transverse grinding motion during blade grinding Trajectory (2), grinding wheel longitudinal grinding trajectory (7).

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the movement trajectory of the grinding wheel for the full-profile lateral grinding of the blade. In the relative installation position shown in Figure 1, the three linear motion axes X, Y, and Z of the machine tool or the X, Z, and C axes or the Y, Z, and C axes can be used for linkage interpolation. The grinding wheel (1) obtains a transverse grinding movement track (2) of the grinding wheel relative to the blade, thereby forming a transverse grinding process of the entire profile of the blade.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the movement trajectory of the grinding wheel for longitudinal grinding of the blade back and blade basin, and Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the movement trajectory of the grinding wheel for longitudinal grinding of the front and rear edges of the blade. In the relative installation position shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the three linear motion axes X, Y, Z of the machine tool or the X axis, Z axis, C axis or Y axis, Z axis, C axis can be used for linkage insertion. Complementary, drive the grinding wheel (1) alone to obtain the motion trajectory relative to the blade pot (5), blade back (6), blade leading edge (8) and blade trailing edge (9), and the four parts of the motion trajectory can be combined to complete The grinding wheel longitudinal grinding track (7) of the full profile of the blade can also be used alone to complete the grinding of the blade pot (5), blade back (6), blade leading edge (8) and blade trailing edge (9) .

Step 4: The grinding wheel rotates at high speed under the drive of the main shaft of the machine tool, and moves according to the motion track of the three-axis linkage interpolation of the machine tool, thereby realizing the three-axis linkage interpolation cantilever grinding process of the blade profile.

The blade cantilever grinding method has a simple clamping method and low cost, which can reduce multiple factors that cause the blade clamping deformation and processing deformation, and ensure the processing quality; the use of three-axis linkage interpolation of the CNC machine tool can ensure the geometry of the blade surface Accuracy provides an effective method for three-axis CNC machine tools to process high-precision blades, which can effectively reduce blade processing costs. At the same time, it can also greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of machining blades of the four-axis linkage machine tool and the five-axis linkage machine tool.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention can easily think of changes or Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A blade cantilever grinding method utilizing three-axis linkage interpolation, characterized in that: the specific steps of the method are as follows: Step 1: Determine the grinding method of the blade profile according to the structure type, motion mode and blade structure of the machine tool, and select the relative installation position of the blade on the machine tool table; Step 2: Clamp the tenon of the blade or the installation datum of the blade by a single end of the fixture, so that the blade is firmly fixed on the worktable of the machine tool, and the part of the blade surface to be processed is kept in a cantilever state on the CNC machine tool; Step 3: Select three machine tool motion axes and grinding wheels suitable for blade surface grinding for CNC programming, and drive the three linear motion axes of the machine tool X, Y, and Z or X, Z, and C axes or Y-axis, Z-axis, and C-axis perform three-axis interpolation motion, thus forming the grinding wheel's transverse grinding trajectory and grinding wheel's longitudinal grinding trajectory during blade grinding; Among them, the grinding wheel is driven to obtain the transverse grinding movement track of the grinding wheel relative to the blade, thereby forming the transverse grinding process of the entire profile of the blade; Drive the grinding wheel alone to obtain the motion trajectory relative to the blade pot, blade back, blade leading edge and blade trailing edge, and combine the four parts of the motion trajectory to complete the longitudinal grinding motion trajectory of the grinding wheel for the full profile of the blade; Step 4: The grinding wheel rotates at high speed under the drive of the main shaft of the machine tool, and moves according to the motion track of the three-axis linkage interpolation of the machine tool, thereby realizing the three-axis linkage interpolation cantilever grinding process of the blade profile.