CN103097858B - For measuring the optical measuring system of distance - Google Patents
For measuring the optical measuring system of distance Download PDFInfo
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- CN103097858B CN103097858B CN201180043830.7A CN201180043830A CN103097858B CN 103097858 B CN103097858 B CN 103097858B CN 201180043830 A CN201180043830 A CN 201180043830A CN 103097858 B CN103097858 B CN 103097858B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement system for the distance between determination sensor device and measurand, wherein sensor device includes the light source for producing illuminating bundle and detector, a part for the illuminating bundle that described detector is reflected on measurand surface for detection, and wherein measurand is configured to be transparent at least for the wave-length coverage of visible ray, also configure that and develop in the range measurement as far as possible reliably of all Measurement situation kind apoplexy due to endogenous wind, so that the wavelength of illuminating bundle is in purple or ultraviolet ray range, and measurand is configured to make illuminating bundle produce diffuse-reflectance on the surface of measurand.More particularly specifically illustrate the related measuring system for measuring in the most lighttight measurand.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement system for the distance between determination sensor device and measurand, Qi Zhongsuo
Stating transformer device and include the light source for producing illuminating bundle and detector, it is tested right that described detector is reflected in for detection
As a part for the illuminating bundle on surface, and wherein measurand be designed at least for the wave-length coverage of visible ray be
Bright.
The invention still further relates to a kind of measurement system for the distance between determination sensor device and measurand, wherein
Transformer device includes the light source for producing illuminating bundle and detector, and described detector is reflected in measurand for detection
A part for illuminating bundle on surface, and wherein measurand is designed to directly reflect visible ray.
In practice, optical measuring system is widely used.Accurate heed contacted measure expands to the most rapidly
Multiple applications, in these applications, contactlessly measure the distance between measurand and sensor arrangement, or nothing
Abrasively measure measurand.One important application is to ensure that the measurement of quality, in this field can be with test piece
Quality.
In optical measuring system, with illuminating bundle (red beam or infrared laser beam the most frequently) illuminate by
Survey object, and a part for the described illuminating bundle being reflected in measurand with detector detection.Root is learnt from experience
This sensor device can be used to measure the distance from this sensor device to measurand according to various methods.Refer to conduct
The triangulation of example.
If measured in transparent or partially transparent measurand, side well known in the prior art amount system is always
There is problem.In this case, the transparent meaning is the wide spectrum of visible light (wave-length coverage is between 400nm to 800nm)
Part can pass measurand.During passing, only there is the decay of slight extent in spectra part.Partially transparent
The meaning is that at least one spectra part of visible light can pass measurand, and other spectra part of visible ray is inhaled completely
Receive or reflection, or be very important to a certain extent.
If illuminating bundle falls in such measurand, then can be directly mirrored, say, that measurand
The angle of incidence of the illuminating bundle on surface is equal to the angle of reflection of the illuminating bundle of reflection.It practice, in other direction in space not
There is scattering.Therefore, sensor device and measurand must be the most aligned with each other, to cause measurement result effective.If
Measurand surface only slightly tilts in optimum position, then illuminating bundle does not reflex on detector.Measure procedure failure
And rather unstable.It practice, in quality-assurance processes the most in a manufacturing environment, it is impossible to guarantee sensor device
With measurand best alignment from each other.For the measurand of arc or circle, this alignment is the most not
In the cards.Due to polished and can not directly reflect in the optical measurement in the nontransparent measurand of light and there is also phase
As problem.These problems are similar at this.Such as refer to mirror surface.
Therefore, the object-based design of the present invention and further development one start for transparent, partially transparent or non-
, in such a way, even if there is directly reflection on the surface of measurand, also in the measurement system of transparent measurand
Reliable optical distance measurement can be performed.
According to the present invention, be may be implemented in by the feature of claim 1 and measure in transparent or semitransparent measurand
Above-mentioned purpose.Accordingly, the measurement system discussed be characterised by the wavelength of illuminating bundle in purple or ultraviolet ray range,
And measurand is designed so that illuminating bundle produces diffuse-reflectance on the surface of measurand.
During measuring nontransparent measurand, use the feature of claim 5 can realize above-mentioned purpose.According to
This, the measurement system discussed be characterised by the wavelength of illuminating bundle in purple or ultraviolet ray range, and tested right
Coating is applied, so that illuminating bundle produces diffuse-reflectance on the surface of measurand on the surface of elephant.
According to the mode of the present invention, first will be consequently realised that, the feature that transparent or semitransparent measurand usually has
It is, they is designed to light tight in purple or ultraviolet wavelength range or makes light decay to heavens.Generally, this
Feature is specially used as protective measure.Particularly, plastic cement may be transparent owing to being lost it by ultraviolet light irradiation for a long time
Degree.In order to prevent this effect, plastic cement processes by this way, i.e. makes purple and/or ultraviolet light not penetrate through or hardly
It is penetrated in material.On the contrary, purple or ultraviolet light are diffusely reflected on material surface.According to the present invention, profit in measurement system
With opaqueness or the strongest optical attenuation of these measurands.
According to the present invention, for illuminating bundle, use wavelength light beam in purple or ultraviolet light range.Due to illumination light
Bundle combines with so-called measurand, can obtain Indirect reflection with beyond thought plain mode but irreflexive photograph
Mingguang City restraints.Therefore, it can measure in transparent or semitransparent measurand with optical measuring system, and measurand
Optical property is unaffected in visual range.
According to the present invention, this combines feature and is also used in the measurement to nontransparent measurand, say, that use
In the measurand of the most impermeable visible ray, and visible ray is directly mirrored in measurand.To this end, according to this
Bright, measurand is applied coating, so that purple and/or ultraviolet light are impermeable, or makes purple or ultraviolet light decay to not
Negligible degree.Therefore, the surface of measurand produces purple or the diffuse-reflectance of ultraviolet illumination light beam.
Because illuminating bundle diffuse-reflectance on transparent, translucent or nontransparent measurand surface, illuminating bundle no longer with
One direction in space is reflected, and the light beam being around directly reflecting is reflected in an angular range.Therefore, measurand
Need not be the most aligned with each other with sensor device, and the range of this measurement system clearly expands.Can be clearly
Reach more stable measurement situation.
Illuminating bundle is reflected on the surface of measurand, and described surface is preferably the tested right of rotation direction sensor device
The outer surface of elephant.In principle, for transparent measurand, it is contemplated that first illuminating bundle penetrates measurand, then edge
The direction of detector on the surface of sensor device dorsad or on any separating plane of being arranged in measurand by instead
Penetrate.It is however preferred to use measurand in this measurand illuminating bundle do not penetrate through or only penetrate somewhat into tested
In object.
For transparent or semitransparent measurand, illuminating bundle can be produced by the specific coatings in measurand
Diffuse-reflectance.Learnt by experience, it is adaptable to this coating is not light-permeable or at this in purple or ultraviolet range
In the range of be altitude decay.As infinite example, can refer to coating plastic cement glass.
However, it is also contemplated that measurand has had characteristic in need due to the reason of its material composition, and purple
Color and/or ultraviolet light can not be penetrated in measurand significantly.Learnt by experience, corresponding material visible ray can be made to appear and
In purple or ultraviolet ray range light tight.
In the embodiment of currently preferred measurement system, measurand is by transparent plastic parts or the plating of auto industry
Film glass forms.In particularly preferred mode, measurand is for measuring lamp lens or the lamp panel of vehicle head lamp or taillight.
The preferred embodiment of nontransparent measurand relates to measuring lighttight plastic cement, polishing metallic plate or designing with metal
Other different objects.But, timber, wood materials or paper can also be lighttight objects.Measurand is the completeest
The most light tight.In principle, measurand can also is that translucent.
It is less than it is preferred that transparent, translucent or nontransparent measurand is designed to light tight or altitude decay's wavelength
The light of 420nm.In particularly preferred mode, described measurand not light-permeable or altitude decay's wavelength are less than or equal to
The light of 390nm.
So that sensor device has the best optical property, by launching laser beam as illuminating bundle
Laser can form light source.In this case, laser diode can be used, it is possible to use solid state laser or gas laser.
But, so that the cost of the system of measurement is the most worthwhile, light source also can be made up of LED.In many applications, reduce light
Quality can also.
Illuminating bundle is preferably provided with the wavelength less than or equal to 425nm.In particularly preferred mode, wavelength is used to be less than
Or the illuminating bundle equal to 405nm.In mode very particularly preferably, the wavelength of illuminating bundle is less than or equal to 390nm.Logical
Often, can use until the light source of ultraviolet (UV) light of extremely short wavelength.But, this kind of light source is much more expensive, and due to special
Protection, the safety operation making measurement system is extremely complex.Therefore, wavelength is restricted.The most usual reasonable employment
Minimum wavelength is 300nm.
Illuminating bundle preferably illuminates measurand with point-like or linear.Also Points And lines can be made to combine to be formed as intersected
Line or the pattern of several parallel lines.The lines of illumination are preferably straight line.
It is preferred that in the beam path of illuminating bundle, at light source focusing arrangement disposed behind, with thinking that illuminating bundle gathers
Burnt.Light source constitutes lighting unit together with focusing arrangement.Illuminating bundle best-focus is on the surface of measurand.But, can
To expect that illuminating bundle can focus to infinity or other point focusing on optical axis.
As detector, complementary metal oxide silicon (CMOS) array or charge coupled cell (CCD) array can be used.Institute
State array and be preferably linear array or face battle array (that is, two-dimensional expansion).Such as, linear array can be used for point-like range measurement, and face battle array can foundation
Network intersection method is used for range measurement.In some cases, detector also can be made up of traditional row scanning or matrix camera.
For point-like range measurement, position sensing diode (PSD) or avalanche photo diode (APD) can be used.Specifically
Ground is said, APD is by measuring operation time or phase shift for range measurement.PSD and APD can be mounted to array.
In order to stop the radiation of outside, in sense channel, namely it is being reflected in the quilt being positioned within sensor device
Surveying in the beam path of the described illuminating bundle part in subject surface, wavelength selective elements can be installed in face in front of the detector.
Because wavelength selective elements, the most such as, ambient light can be kept away from the detector to broad-band sensitive.Wavelength selective elements can set
For example, count into light filter (interferential filter) or dispersion element.But, such as in order to reduce the structure chi of sensor device
Very little, wavelength selective elements is it can also be designed be used for the dichroic mirror of beam deflection/beam-folding.In general, it is also possible to be interpreted as
Make whole optical channel, namely illuminating bundle path from light source to detector, the wavelength of adaptating lighting light beam.
Select to improve wavelength further, it is contemplated that make several wavelength selective elements combine.Such as, can join continuously
Put several dispersion element.It is preferable, however, that different types of wavelength selective elements is combined with each other.This means light filter or dispersion
It is also possible that element combines with dichroic mirror.
It is preferred that measurement system includes assessing unit, this assessment unit is connected with sensor device and receives sensor
The measurement signal of device.If such as adjusting illuminating bundle to be modulated, then apparatus for evaluating can receive the volume about illuminating bundle
External information.Based on the light beam (part of described illuminating bundle reflecting i.e., on the detector and receiving) received and or
Being permitted based on the understanding to illuminating bundle itself, apparatus for evaluating can perform the survey of distance between sensor device and measurand
Fixed.The mensuration of distance can be produced, such as by calculating or by reading the value beyond chart, calibration measurement can measure institute
State the content of value and be stored in assessment unit.
In addition to about the information of illuminating bundle or as the replacement of the information about illuminating bundle, assessment unit can
The information of the reception light intensity about reflecting from measurand, and be adjusted by control unit according to the intensity of light source, and/
Or adjust detector and/or the integrating time of signal amplifier being arranged in detector arm.
Sensor device and assessment unit can be designed to perform range measurement according to triangulation.To this end, light source and
Detector is arranged to the lighting point on light source, measurand surface and the lighting point on detector forms triangle.With to biography
The cognition of sensor arrangement, on measurand surface, the distance of lighting point can be calculated by sensor device.
Sensor device and assessment unit are also designed to make the measurement using up the operation time to measure range measurement.For
How long this, can need from light source to measurand and to detector by measuring beam.With the cognition to the light velocity, thus can survey
Set a distance.
Another design that may be present of sensor device and assessment unit is to measure phase shift.To this end, with suitable frequency
Rate regulates the brightness of illuminating bundle, and can be compared to each other illuminating bundle and receive the brightness change of light.Can be by each other
Phase place determine operation time it is thus determined that the distance between sensor device and measurand of light.
Assessment unit can combine repeatedly range measurement by this way, i.e. produces measurand and/or measurand
The profile of a part.To this end, make distance value start in measurand measure position generation relation a little.If operation sensing
Device device, the most for example, according to network intersection method, can measure the profile along lines with a kind of measurement.If lines cross by
Survey object, then can measure the three dimensional structure of measurand or a part for measurand.For profile measure, sensor device and
Measurand is also designed to allow them to be moved relative to.However, it is also possible to make illumination light with arrangement for deflecting
Shu Yidong is to cross measurand.Some suitable scanning means have been learnt from experience.
According to special preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a kind of measurement system according to triangulation, this measurement system
Uniting and measure distance relative to object, described object, can be partly absorbing and partly due to coating or its material composition
Reflection UV light.Lighting unit (such as, with the laser diode of focusing optics) by the light that focused on UV in the range of
Transmitted wave length transmission.Use optical filter, dispersion element and/or the dichroic mirror with suitable tone, from receiving optical beam path
Other wavelength in footpath selects described transmitting wavelength.By the surface of object and/or from the object received beam path
The part making transmitting light is diffusely reflected.
At present, several probability is had to realize the design of the present invention and further expanding of thought in an advantageous manner.For
This purpose, on the one hand can refer to the dependent claims of claim 1 and 5, on the other hand, uses accompanying drawing to excellent below the present invention
The embodiment of choosing illustrates.In conjunction with accompanying drawing, in the explanation relevant to the preferred embodiment of the invention, explain general first-selection
Design and the further expanding of thought.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 show the intensity analysis schematic diagram along the detector using red illumination beam, wherein red illumination beam
Wavelength be 670nm；And
Fig. 2 show in measurement system of the present invention the intensity analysis schematic diagram along the detector using purple illuminating bundle,
Wherein the wavelength of purple illuminating bundle is 405nm.
Identical measure setup is used to measure the chart shown in two accompanying drawings.Lens produce focusing together with laser instrument
Laser beam, this laser beam is reflected to vehicle head lamp glass (i.e. measuring object, the resin glass of about 2 millimeters thick).Swash
At least partly reflect surface in measurand of light beam and by other lens, be suitable for illuminating bundle wavelength wavelength select
Select light filter and the shade for thread detector.Sensor device performs measurement according to triangulation.Measurand exists
The surface of rotation direction sensor device is provided with the coating of impermeable ultraviolet light.
Fig. 1 is shown with the intensity analysis of red laser, according to prior art, a length of 670nm of transmitted wave of red laser.
First, measurand is necessary with the mutual best alignment of sensor device.Secondly, in intensity analysis, two are presented substantially
Main peak value.In Fig. 1, the peak value on the left side originates in illuminating bundle reflection on the surface of measurand rotation direction sensor device.
For the peak value on the right, illuminating bundle is penetrated in measurand and quilt on the surface of measurand sensor device dorsad
Reflection.To this end, measuring is no longer monodrome.Another problem is that the peak value on the peakedness ratio left side on the right is high.If with simplicity
Mode, performs the assessment of intensity curve, then can cause the distance value of mistake based on the highest peak value.If based on the highest peak value
The intensity of regulation illuminating bundle and lighting hours, in some instances it may even be possible to unstable measurement occurs.Owing to object tilts, the first peak value
Intensity may be the lowest, so that being no longer estimated by sensor device, and therefore relative to reverse side or the pip of measurand
Inside and produce mistake measurement.In the intensity analysis of Fig. 1 it can be seen that less peak value by measurand repeatedly
Reflection produces.
Fig. 2 is shown with the violet laser that wavelength of the present invention is 405nm.Due to the diffuse-reflectance on measurand surface,
Sensor device and measurand can more at random position.Additionally, in the intensity analysis of Fig. 2, illustrate only a list
Only peak value.The least peak value represents that the sub-fraction of illuminating bundle is penetrated in measurand, and tested right
As the surface of sensor device dorsad is reflected.But, this intensity is the lowest so that not producing other peak value.Will not occur many
Secondary reflection.
For the design that the other of apparatus of the present invention is favourable, for the general sections exempting to repeat to can refer in description with
And appended claim.
Finally, it should it is clearly understood that arrive, the specific embodiment of the present invention described above is only intended to demonstration
The explanation of property, is not limited to described specific embodiment.
Claims (24)
1., for the measurement system of the distance between determination sensor device and measurand, wherein said sensor device includes
For producing light source and the detector of illuminating bundle, described detector is reflected in the institute on described measurand surface for detection
State a part for illuminating bundle, and wherein said measurand is designed to be transparent at least for the wave-length coverage of visible ray
, it is characterised in that the wavelength of described illuminating bundle is in purple or ultraviolet range, and the design of described measurand
Becoming to make described illuminating bundle produce diffuse-reflectance on the surface of described measurand, wherein the optical property of measurand is visually
In scope unaffected.
Measure system the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that a surface of described measurand has coating, with
Making described illuminating bundle produce diffuse-reflectance, described coating is lighttight or extremely in purple and/or ultraviolet range
Few the most just altitude decay's.
Measure system the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the material that described measurand uses at purple and/or
It is lighttight in ultraviolet range or is altitude decay the most within the range.
Measure system the most as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the material that described measurand uses at purple and/or
It is lighttight in ultraviolet range or is altitude decay the most within the range.
Measure system the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described measurand uses transparent plastic.
Measure system the most as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the lamp of described measurand vehicle head lamp or taillight is
Lens or lamp panel.
7., for the measurement system of the distance between determination sensor device and measurand, wherein said sensor device includes
For producing light source and the detector of illuminating bundle, described detector is reflected in the institute on described measurand surface for detection
State a part for illuminating bundle, and wherein said measurand is designed to directly reflect visible ray, it is characterised in that described photograph
The wavelength of Mingguang City's bundle is in purple or ultraviolet ray range, and applies coating on the surface of described measurand, so that institute
Stating illuminating bundle and produce diffuse-reflectance on the surface of described measurand, wherein the optical property of measurand is in visual range
Unaffected.
Measure system the most as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that described measurand use lighttight plastic cement, metal,
Timber and/or paper.
9. the measurement system as in any of the one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterised in that described light source is formed by laser, institute
State Laser emission and be used as the laser beam of described illuminating bundle.
10. the measurement system as in any of the one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterised in that the wavelength of described illuminating bundle is little
In or equal to 425nm.
11. measure system as claimed in claim 10, it is characterised in that the wavelength of described illuminating bundle is less than or equal to
405nm。
12. measure system as claimed in claim 10, it is characterised in that the wavelength of described illuminating bundle is less than or equal to
390nm。
The 13. measurement systems as in any of the one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterised in that described illuminating bundle is with point-like light
Bundle irradiates described measurand, to form reticule and/or several parallel lines.
The 14. measurement systems as in any of the one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterised in that disposed behind poly-at described light source
Coke installation, is that described illuminating bundle focuses on by means of described focusing arrangement.
The 15. measurement systems as in any of the one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterised in that described detector includes complementary gold
Belong to oxide silicon array or charge coupling component array.
16. measure system as claimed in claim 15, it is characterised in that described array is designed to linear array or face battle array.
The 17. measurement systems as in any of the one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterised in that described detector includes that position is quick
Sense diode PSD and/or avalanche photodide APD.
The 18. measurement systems as in any of the one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterised in that in order to stop the radiation of outside,
Before described detector, wavelength selective elements is set.
19. measure system as claimed in claim 18, it is characterised in that described wavelength selective elements is provided with light filter, dispersion
Element or dichroic mirror.
20. measure system as claimed in claim 18, it is characterised in that be used in combination several wavelength and select different types of unit
Part.
The 21. measurement systems as in any of the one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterised in that described sensor device and assessment
Unit connects, a wherein said assessment unit part based on the described illuminating bundle being reflected in described measurand and in institute
State the illuminating bundle received on detector and carry out range measurement.
22. measure system as claimed in claim 21, it is characterised in that described assessment unit and the design of described sensor device
Become and perform range measurement according to triangulation.
23. measure system as claimed in claim 21, it is characterised in that described assessment unit and described sensor device set
Count into the operation time of the illuminating bundle that measurement receives, or measure between illuminating bundle and the light beam received of modulation
Phase shift.
24. measure system as claimed in claim 21, it is characterised in that measurand and sensor device relative to each other move
Move, and described assessment unit is designed to measure described measurand or the one of described measurand according to repeatedly range measurement
The profile of part.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010045097 | 2010-09-13 | ||
| DE102010045097.9 | 2010-09-13 | ||
| PCT/DE2011/001692 WO2012075978A1 (en) | 2010-09-13 | 2011-09-07 | Optical measurement system for determining distances |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103097858A CN103097858A (en) | 2013-05-08 |
| CN103097858B true CN103097858B (en) | 2016-12-14 |
Family
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109154497A (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2019-01-04 | 富士胶片株式会社 | Range information acquisition device and range information acquisition methods |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007029440A1 (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2009-01-08 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Method and device for detecting a surface of an object |
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007029440A1 (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2009-01-08 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Method and device for detecting a surface of an object |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109154497A (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2019-01-04 | 富士胶片株式会社 | Range information acquisition device and range information acquisition methods |
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