CN103080678B - 用于通过低温蒸馏分离空气的方法和装置 - Google Patents

用于通过低温蒸馏分离空气的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN103080678B
CN103080678B CN201080068949.5A CN201080068949A CN103080678B CN 103080678 B CN103080678 B CN 103080678B CN 201080068949 A CN201080068949 A CN 201080068949A CN 103080678 B CN103080678 B CN 103080678B
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tower
pump
pipeline
storage tank
transferred
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CN103080678A (zh
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A·布里格利亚
P·麦利诺
F·居亚尔
曹建伟
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LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04472—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages
    • F25J3/04478—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages for controlling purposes, e.g. start-up or back-up procedures
    • F25J3/0449—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages for controlling purposes, e.g. start-up or back-up procedures for rapid load change of the air fractionation unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
    • F25J3/04024—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of purified feed air, so-called boosted air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04472—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages
    • F25J3/04478—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages for controlling purposes, e.g. start-up or back-up procedures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04472—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages
    • F25J3/04496—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages for compensating variable air feed or variable product demand by alternating between periods of liquid storage and liquid assist
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04472—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages
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    • F25J3/04509—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages for compensating variable air feed or variable product demand by alternating between periods of liquid storage and liquid assist by exchanging "cold" between at least two different cryogenic liquids, e.g. independently from the main heat exchange line of the air fractionation and/or by using external alternating storage systems within the cold part of the air fractionation, i.e. exchanging "cold" within the fractionation and/or main heat exchange line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04781—Pressure changing devices, e.g. for compression, expansion, liquid pumping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
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    • F25J3/04963—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network and inter-connecting equipment within or downstream of the fractionation unit(s)
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    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank

Abstract

一种用于通过低温蒸馏分离空气的装置，包括热交换器（3）、包含至少一个低温蒸馏塔（7，9）的塔系统、用于为所述塔系统供应来自所述热交换器的经冷却的空气的管道、储罐（15）、用于从所述塔系统提取液体并将其传送至所述储罐的管道（17）、至少一个泵（P41-A，P41-B，P41-C）、用于将来自所述泵或各个泵的出口的泵送液体传送至所述热交换器的至少一个管道（27）、连接于所述泵的出口或至少一个泵的至少一个出口并连接于所述塔系统的塔的至少一个管道，所述管道在不经过所述储罐的情况下直接通到所述塔。

Description

用于通过低温蒸馏分离空气的方法和装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于通过低温蒸馏分离空气的方法和装置。具体地涉及一种用于分离空气的方法，其中液态产品被从低温蒸馏塔抽取出，储存在储罐中，被加压然后蒸发以形成气态产品。
背景技术
为了改进设备可靠性，经常需要安装数个并行运行的泵，以便对从低温蒸馏塔抽取的液体加压。
例如，可以存在两个并行操作的泵，各个泵的尺寸设计成对总气态氧流量的50％至100％之间的流量加压。或者，可以存在三个并行操作的泵，各个泵的尺寸设计成用于总气态氧流量的33％至50％之间的流量。
这些构型的优点在于，在泵之一故障的情况下，由于维持操作的泵的流量增加，被泵送的液体的总流量可在非常短的时间内回到100％的值，由此确保在压力方面的生产稳定性。对于某些被供给以气态氧的下游设备而言这是关键的参数，因为如果压降过大的话设备可能会跳闸。
在实践中，由于以下事实使得上述构型难以实现：泵供应商难以制造能够处理这么高操作范围的泵。泵必须在空气分离单元停机、所有泵运行期间工作，而且在空气分离单元全速操作、一个泵停止运转期间工作。在正常构型中，这种情形可以通过使泵排出的液体再循环来处理，但是在生产泵位于储罐下游的情况下，使被泵送的液体再循环至储罐会通过闪蒸导致氧分子的临界损失，直接影响空气分离单元的回收率。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是利用单个泵或并行的数个泵操作空气分离单元，同时确保设备负载的灵活性。
所述方法比现有技术的方法更加有效且更加稳定。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种用于通过低温蒸馏分离空气的方法，在该方法中：
a)经压缩和净化的空气在热交换器中冷却，然后被传送至塔系统的塔中蒸馏，
b)从所述塔系统的塔抽取液体并传送至储罐，
c)从所述储罐取出储存的液体并使用至少一个泵加压，
d)来自至少一个泵的加压液体的第一流被传送至所述热交换器并且蒸发以形成气态产品，
e)来自所述至少一个泵的加压液体的第二流或源于所述第二流的流体被传送至所述塔系统的塔。
根据其它可选的特征：
-塔系统包括高压塔和低压塔，来自所述至少一个泵的加压液体的所述第二流或源于所述第二流的所述流体被传送至低压塔。
-所述加压液体的第二流膨胀以形成气态部分和液态部分，气态部分被传送至所述塔系统的塔，液态部分优选被传送至所述储罐。
-使用至少一个泵、优选至少两个泵对储存的液体加压，如果所需气态产品的量低于给定的阈值，则将来自所述至少一个泵的加压液体的所述第二流或源于所述第二流的流体传送至塔。
-源于所述第二流的所述流体通过在相分离器中使所述第二流分离得到，并且来自所述相分离器的气体被传送至塔系统。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种用于通过低温蒸馏分离空气的装置，其包括热交换器、包含至少一个低温蒸馏塔的塔系统、用于为塔系统供应来自热交换器的经冷却的空气的管道、储罐、用于从塔系统提取液体并将其传送至储罐的管道、至少一个泵、用于将来自所述泵或各个泵的出口的泵送液体传送至热交换器的至少一个管道、连接于所述泵的出口或至少一个泵的至少一个出口并连接于塔系统的塔的至少一个管道，所述管道在不经过储罐的情况下直接通到所述塔。
所述塔系统可包括高压塔和低压塔，所述泵的出口或至少一个泵的至少一个出口连接于低压塔。
所述装置可包括相分离器，连接于所述泵的出口或至少一个泵的至少一个出口的所述至少一个管道经由所述相分离器连接到塔系统的塔。
相分离器可连接于储罐。
至少一个管道可将至少一个泵的出口联接至储罐的顶部。
附图说明
下面参照附图更详细地描述本发明，该附图示出根据本发明的空气分离单元。
具体实施方式
空气分离单元1包括热交换器3、由高压塔7和低压塔9组成的双塔，在塔7的顶部和塔9的底部之间经由再沸器11提供热联接。空气流2和5在热交换器3中冷却并在双塔中分离。为了清楚起见，未示出两个塔之间的管道。污氮29被从低压塔9取出并在交换器3中升温。液态氧17被从低压塔9的底部取出并传送至储罐15。液态氧被从平底类型或真空护套类型的储罐15抽取出并分别经由管道19A、19B和19C传送至泵P41A、P41B和P41C。各个泵的尺寸设计成用于总流量的33％至50％。
泵P41A、P41B和P41C的出口经由管道23A、23B、23C和21A、21B、21C连接到阀VA、VB和VC。这些阀是再循环阀，需要这些阀来起动泵以便避免在气蚀区工作。在操作中如果给定泵的流量变得过小时也使用这些阀。在此情况下，在泵的出口处测量的压力将变得比平时高，并且高于某一值，由于各个阀上的压力指示器，将打开再循环阀。
管道23A、23B、23C还连接到管道25和管道27。管道25经由阀VD连接到低压塔9，阀VD是一公共再循环阀。管道27是产品管道，其向热交换器3提供泵送的液态氧以便蒸发以形成压力下的气态产品。
上述方案的优点在于，如果设备在任意负载下(在空气分离单元的操作范围内)运行，这三个泵可并行操作，确保在不影响氧回收的情况下快速接管任何负载下的生产，由此确保该技术方案在效率和生产稳定性方面的竞争力。
利用该构型，各泵将输送当这三个泵并行运行时能够输送的最小流量(该流量由泵供应商规定)，但是仅将需要的流量传送至主热交换器用于蒸发。这可以通过经由管道25和阀VD将多余流量再循环至冷箱中的低压塔来实现，而不会损失氧分子。
能够以不同方式将再循环流量传送至冷箱：
-液态氧管道可直接连接至塔，如图1所示；
-液态氧管道可首先连接至相分离器，在相分离器中液体和气体分离，液体被传送至储罐15，气体被传送至塔7或9。
更有益的是将液态氧传送回低压塔9，因为液态氧组分是底部液体的组分。
因此，在想要使用并行的数个泵用于设备低负载的情况下，该再循环管线将被连续使用。
下面是与传统情况相比较在氧处于88bar的典型情形中这种构型带来的效率方面的益处的评价，其中使用三个泵对液态氧加压用以快速响应：
下表给出与传统情况相比较这种构型带来的响应性方面的益处的评价，其中想要确保合理的设备效率：
应理解的是，本发明适用于存在单个泵或多于一个泵的情况。如果仅存在一个泵，并且需要该泵生产小量液体，则本发明可用于允许该泵对较大量的液体加压并且然后将多余的泵送液体传送回塔。
管道21A至21C用于在到低压塔的再循环不操作的情形中将来自泵的液体传送回储罐15的顶部。
在某些情况下，阀VA至VC和阀VD可同时操作。例如，在空气分离单元不工作的情形中，仍然能够从储罐15取出液体并且例如在备用蒸发器(未示出)中蒸发。在这种情况下，储罐中的压力增加，由于闪蒸生成的气体量通过贮藏排出口(未示出)排放到大气。
如果泵之一发生故障，则可以维持总流量，剩余的泵或多个(可能是两个)泵然后将逐渐增加至它们的最大流量(总流量的50％)，而不需要通过管道25和阀VD再循环。
本发明还适用于液态氧被泵送的情况，此时优选根据所涉及的压力将液体再循环至低压塔或高压塔。

Claims (12)

1.一种用于通过低温蒸馏分离空气的方法，其中：
a)经压缩和净化的空气在热交换器(3)中冷却，然后被传送至塔系统的第一塔中蒸馏，
b)从所述塔系统的第二塔抽取液体并传送至储罐(15)，
c)从所述储罐取出储存的液体并使用至少一个泵(P41-A，P41-B，P41-C)加压，
d)来自至少一个泵的加压液体的第一流被传送至所述热交换器并且蒸发以形成气态产品，以及
e)来自所述至少一个泵的加压液体的第二流(25)或源于所述第二流的流体被传送至所述塔系统的第二塔。
2.根据权利要求1的方法，其中，所述第一塔是高压塔(7)，所述第二塔是低压塔(9)，来自所述至少一个泵的加压液体的所述第二流(25)或源于所述第二流的所述流体被传送至所述低压塔。
3.根据权利要求1或2的方法，其中，所述加压液体的第二流膨胀以形成气态部分和液态部分，气态部分被传送至所述塔系统的第一塔或第二塔。
4.根据权利要求3的方法，其中，所述液态部分被传送至所述储罐。
5.根据权利要求1或2的方法，其中，使用至少一个泵(P41-A，P41-B，P41-C)对储存的液体加压，如果所需气态产品的量低于给定的阈值，则将来自所述至少一个泵的加压液体的所述第二流或源于所述第二流的流体传送至所述第一塔或第二塔。
6.根据权利要求5的方法，其中，使用至少两个泵对储存的液体加压。
7.根据权利要求1或2的方法，其中，源于所述第二流的所述流体通过在相分离器中使所述第二流分离得到，并且来自所述相分离器的气体被传送至所述塔系统。
8.一种用于通过低温蒸馏分离空气的装置，包括热交换器(3)、包含至少一个低温蒸馏塔的塔系统、用于为所述塔系统供应来自所述热交换器的经冷却的空气的管道、储罐(15)、用于从所述塔系统提取液体并将其传送至所述储罐的管道(17)、至少一个泵(P41-A，P41-B，P41-C)、用于将来自所述泵或各个泵的出口的泵送液体传送至所述热交换器的至少一个管道(27)、连接于所述泵的出口或至少一个泵的至少一个出口并连接于所述塔系统的低温蒸馏塔的至少一个管道，所述管道在不经过所述储罐的情况下直接通到所述低温蒸馏塔。
9.根据权利要求8的装置，其中，所述塔系统包括高压塔(7)和低压塔(9)，所述泵的出口或至少一个泵(P41-A，P41-B，P41-C)的至少一个出口连接于所述低压塔(9)。
10.根据权利要求8或9的装置，包括相分离器，连接于所述泵的出口或至少一个泵(P41-A，P41-B，P41-C)的至少一个出口的所述至少一个管道经由所述相分离器连接到所述塔系统的所述低温蒸馏塔。
11.根据权利要求10的装置，其中，所述相分离器连接于所述储罐(15)。
12.根据权利要求8或9的装置，包括将至少一个泵(P41-A，P41-B，P41-C)的出口联接至所述储罐(15)的顶部的至少一个管道(21A，21B，21C)。
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