CN1030660A - 包括磁阻元件的薄膜磁头 - Google Patents

包括磁阻元件的薄膜磁头 Download PDF

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CN1030660A
CN1030660A CN88104405A CN88104405A CN1030660A CN 1030660 A CN1030660 A CN 1030660A CN 88104405 A CN88104405 A CN 88104405A CN 88104405 A CN88104405 A CN 88104405A CN 1030660 A CN1030660 A CN 1030660A
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magnetoresistive element
magnetic
head
magnetic head
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雅各布斯·约瑟夫斯·玛丽亚·鲁伊葛罗克
维克托·齐尔伦
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/127Structure or manufacture of heads, e.g. inductive
    • G11B5/33Structure or manufacture of flux-sensitive heads, i.e. for reproduction only; Combination of such heads with means for recording or erasing only
    • G11B5/39Structure or manufacture of flux-sensitive heads, i.e. for reproduction only; Combination of such heads with means for recording or erasing only using magneto-resistive devices or effects
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/127Structure or manufacture of heads, e.g. inductive
    • G11B5/33Structure or manufacture of flux-sensitive heads, i.e. for reproduction only; Combination of such heads with means for recording or erasing only
    • G11B5/39Structure or manufacture of flux-sensitive heads, i.e. for reproduction only; Combination of such heads with means for recording or erasing only using magneto-resistive devices or effects
    • G11B5/3903Structure or manufacture of flux-sensitive heads, i.e. for reproduction only; Combination of such heads with means for recording or erasing only using magneto-resistive devices or effects using magnetic thin film layers or their effects, the films being part of integrated structures
    • G11B5/3906Details related to the use of magnetic thin film layers or to their effects
    • G11B5/3916Arrangements in which the active read-out elements are coupled to the magnetic flux of the track by at least one magnetic thin film flux guide
    • G11B5/3919Arrangements in which the active read-out elements are coupled to the magnetic flux of the track by at least one magnetic thin film flux guide the guide being interposed in the flux path
    • G11B5/3922Arrangements in which the active read-out elements are coupled to the magnetic flux of the track by at least one magnetic thin film flux guide the guide being interposed in the flux path the read-out elements being disposed in magnetic shunt relative to at least two parts of the flux guide structure
    • G11B5/3925Arrangements in which the active read-out elements are coupled to the magnetic flux of the track by at least one magnetic thin film flux guide the guide being interposed in the flux path the read-out elements being disposed in magnetic shunt relative to at least two parts of the flux guide structure the two parts being thin films
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B2005/0002Special dispositions or recording techniques
    • G11B2005/0032Transducing means or record carriers including or interacting with each other through interposition of, a physically controllable magnetic flux masking or focusing element
    • G11B2005/0034Transducing means or record carriers including or interacting with each other through interposition of, a physically controllable magnetic flux masking or focusing element switchable at least locally between two different physical states, e.g. magnetic and non-magnetic
    • G11B2005/0037Transducing means or record carriers including or interacting with each other through interposition of, a physically controllable magnetic flux masking or focusing element switchable at least locally between two different physical states, e.g. magnetic and non-magnetic using superconductive elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/10Structure or manufacture of housings or shields for heads
    • G11B5/11Shielding of head against electric or magnetic fields
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S505/00Superconductor technology: apparatus, material, process
    • Y10S505/825Apparatus per se, device per se, or process of making or operating same
    • Y10S505/872Magnetic field shield

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Magnetic Heads (AREA)

Abstract

一种包括有磁阻元件(1)和一用于使所述元件与 磁记录介质磁耦合的表面(9)的薄膜磁头。磁头包括 由三导磁材料层(3、5、7)构成的一磁轭,该磁轭具有 由磁阻元件跨接的一缝隙(13)。在层(3)、(5)及磁阻 元件(1)与层(7)之间设置有一超导材料层(15),用于 改进磁头的效率。为了保护免受外部干扰磁场和减 小杂散磁通量,在层(3)和(5)上及层(7)的下面分别 设置了超导材料层(43A、43B)。

Description

本发明是关于一种包括磁阻元件与使磁阻元件与磁性记录介质磁性耦合的一表面的薄膜磁头,该薄膜磁头包括:都是由导磁材料构成的第一层和与之对平齐的第二层,在上述第一层和第二层之间的由磁阻元件跨接的一缝隙,第一层具有远离该磁阻元件的一个端部并毗连所述的表面,以及一导磁材料的第三层,它位于磁阻元件的远离第一和第二层的一侧,从所述表面延伸并与导磁材料的第二层磁连接。
美国专利申请No.4,489,357(PHN    10.048,这里作为参考)中介绍了这种类型的磁头,它是专门(但不是唯一地)用于检测诸如磁带或磁盘那样的磁性记录介质的磁场。
上述这种类型的磁头具有一个伸长的磁阻元件。该磁阻元件是可以被磁偏置的,但另一方面为了使该磁阻元件的重放特性线性化,需要施加一个静态磁场,以便将工作点移至磁阻-磁场曲线的线性区。
例如在欧洲专利申请No.0,063,397(PHN    10.086,这里作为参考)中介绍了一种磁偏置的磁阻元件。该磁阻元件可以变换为用一电流偏置的磁阻元件,其中一个或多个以令人满意的电气方式导电的斜条,以相对于该磁组元件的纵轴成约45°的角度方向被设置在该磁阻元件的一个表面上。这些导电条用作等势条,以便使元件中与等势条垂直的电流方向也以相对于易磁化轴成大约45°的角度方向延伸,从而使转换特性线性化。例如美国专利No.4,425,593(PHN    9357,这里作为参考)中介绍了电流偏置的磁阻元件。
已知的薄膜磁头的缺点是:在工作期间,在位磁阻元件的记录介质一侧上的导磁材料的磁通量传导层之间有大量的磁通量损失,这种损失导致这种已知磁头的效率低。
本发明的目的是以这样一种方式改进本文开头一段中所描述的薄膜磁头,使得其能获得较高的效率。
根据本发明,薄膜磁头的特征在于在磁阻元件与导磁材料的第三层之间设置一超导材料层。
这里超导材料应理解为意味着一种处于超导态的材料,并且它表现出完全的或基本上完全的迈斯纳效应。鉴于实际应用上的原因,材料最好具有的比较高的临界温度,例如高于在常压下氮的液化温度,合适的材料例如是由镧、钡、铜和氧的化合物如La1-xBaxCuO4形成的超导陶瓷材料,其中X在0.15至0.6之间;或是由镧、锶、铜和氧的化合物如La2-xSrxCuO4形成超导陶瓷材料,其中X在0.15至0.2之间;或是由钇、钡、铜和氧的化合物,如yBa2Cu3O7-d,其中d在0.0至1.0之间,或y0.4Ba0.6Cu1.0O3.0形成的超导陶瓷材料;或是由钇、钡、锶、铜和氧的化合物如yBa2-xSrxCu3O8形成的超导陶瓷材料;其中一部分元素可由其他元素部分地取代,例如用氟取代氧,或用钙取代锶。
迈斯纳效应防止了在位于超导材料层的任一侧的导磁层部分之间(分别在第一层、第二层和磁阻元件以及第三层之间)出现的磁通量损失。结果,通过磁阻元件的磁通量可以大大地提高。如果超导材料层延伸复盖充分大的区域,则出现在磁头中的磁势损失可以降低至仅仅取决于所述第一层,第二层和第三层所选用的材料的磁阻的磁势损失。这一切导致一个实际上较高的效率。
根据本发明的方法提供了这样的可能,即将磁阻元件放在离用于使磁阻元件与记录介质磁耦合的表面比较远的距离处,而不会有害地影响转换功能,例如象已知的磁头会产生那样的情况。但是,为此目的,超导材料层必需尽量延伸远至所述用于磁耦合的表面。设在离所述表而较远距离处的磁阻元件使磁头具有较长的使用寿命的优点。事实上,沿磁头运动的记录介质产生机械磨损,减小了在所述用于磁耦合的表面与磁阻元件之间的距离,在一给定的最小距离,磁头便不再可用。因此,磁头的寿命也取决于用于磁耦合的表面与磁阻元件之间的原来距离的大小。
已知磁头除了具有上述的缺点外,还有易于产生失真的缺点,尤其是在必须检测一个比较大的波长范围的使用埸合,例如音频使用场合。由于磁通量通过磁阻元件的方式,已知磁头对在所述导磁材料的第一层和第三层之间的磁通量,以及对直接从外部发射的磁通量都很敏感。后一个磁通量与具有较长的波长的信号有关,而在层与层之间的磁通量主要与具有较短波长的信号有关。在用通常的录写头在记录介质上记录音频信息时,由于低频相对于高频放大显著,检测这种音频记录的特性由于外部发射磁通的结果而被有害地影响了。
在根据本发明的磁头的一个实施例中,磁阻元件受到充分保护不受非所需的磁通发射的影响,该磁头的特征在于在导磁材料的第一层和第二层的远离磁阻元件的一侧上设置另一层超导材料。
注意到在德国专利申请DE-A    1,522,971中,描述了一种通过一个具有斜缝的录音头来提高在电磁带录音中的动态范围和改进信噪比的方法。为了这个目的,该录音头部分地设置有抗磁材料,以便加强该缝隙上的磁场力线和避免在该缝隙上的过大的杂散场。但是,DE-A    1,522,971的附图中所示的和根据所叙述的方法所得到的感应磁头,具有这样的形状和结构,使得它们仅仅在那些杂散磁通已是较小的地方来抑制杂散磁通,而对磁头的灵敏度没有起很大的影响。因此,从所示磁头的效率角度来讲,是否设置有抗磁材料是没有多大区别的。所示磁头的缝隙的长度也由所设置的抗磁材料的部分来限定,且在一个小的缝隙高度上是恒定的。这就意味着缝隙长度将在工作期间迅速地变化,这是由于磁头的磁带接触面的磨损,从而将导致磁头的寿命短。
现将通过举例,参阅附图更详细地对本发明进行说明,附图中:
图1是第一实施例的剖面示意图,
图2是第二实施例的剖面示意图,
图1所示的根据本发明的薄膜磁头用于从磁性记录介质上检测磁场,该记录介质可以沿着磁头以箭头P所示方向移动。磁场是通过测量磁头的磁阻元件1的磁阻变化来检测的。为此目的,磁头包括三层导磁材料(例如NiFe合金(坡莫合金),FeSiAl合金(铁硅铝磁合金)或非晶体合金)形式的磁通传导体。这三层中,第一层3保证通量收集,第二层5和第三层7保证通量返回。空间分离的层3和层7一起定界了一个用于磁阻元件1与磁记录介质的磁通耦合的表面9,而层5和层7在区域11处磁连接在一起。层3和层5也空间分离并构成了一个缝隙13,该缝隙13由磁阻元件跨接。
磁阻元件1设置有连接面(图中未示出),以将该元件与一测量电流源连接起来,并设有带条(图中未示),这些带条导电优良,并以30°至60°角度相对于元件的纵轴延伸。导电条用于给电流一个相对于纵轴的给定方向,以便偏置磁阻元件。上述美国专利No.4,425,593中详细地介绍了这种磁阻元件。
例如一种如前述的超导材料做成的超导材料层15设置在磁阻元件1和第三层7之间。在本实施例中,超导材料层15从所述表面9延伸至超过磁阻元件1,这样可以在磁阻元件1和表面9之间可能有一个没有导致任何效率损失的较大距离h。
图1所示的实施例可以用薄膜技术制造,它包括一层例如是氧化硅的衬底17、用适当的掩膜方法在衬底17上设置下列的多层结构:
1)所述的第三层7,例如是由溅射的Ni80Fe20构成的(如衬底是由诸如Ni-Zn铁氧体那样的导磁材料制成的,则第三层7可以省去,因为衬底那时可以用作第三层;
2)例如是由溅射石英制成的第一隔离层19;
3)例如由溅射的yBa2Cu3O7-d构成的所述超导层15;
4)例如由光阻材料制成的第二隔离层21;
5)一磁阻材料的溅射层,该层已通过蚀刻方法制成所需要的形状,以便使它能用作一磁阻元件;
6)第三隔离层23;
7)可以是用溅射、汽相沉积或电沉积形成的所述第一层3和第二层5。
图2所示的实施例与上述根据本发明的薄膜磁头极相似,因此将简单加以描述,对应部分用相同的参考标号。该实施例包括:一磁阻元件1,它由流经导电体41的电流磁偏置。磁阻元件桥接在可导磁材料的第一层3与导磁材料的第二层5之间的缝隙13上。第一层3与第二层5和导磁材料的第三层7一起构成一磁轭,该磁轭构成一用于磁阻元件1与磁记录介质之间的磁通量耦合的表面9。所述磁记录介质以箭头P所示的方向沿磁头运动。由磁轭所包围的空间中容纳了一个超导材料层15。该超导材料层15在层3、5及磁阻元件1与层7之间构成一磁障。在层3、5和在衬底17上分别设置有这样的超导材料层43A和43B,其目的是屏蔽干扰磁场和进一步减小磁头的杂散磁通量。
本发明当然不受上述和所示的实施例的限制。本专业的技术人员能够在不超过本发明的范围情况下可以作出更多的修改。例如,可以将本发明的磁头做成与多磁迹磁记录介质一起操作的多磁迹薄膜磁头。

Claims (4)

1、一种包括一磁阻元件和一用于使磁阻元件与磁记录介质磁耦合的表面的薄膜磁头,它包括:
一个第一层和一个与之平齐的第二层,二层都是由导磁材料构成,在所述的二层之间设置有一缝隙,该缝隙由所述磁阻元件跨接,该第一层具有远离磁阻元件的一端部并毗连所述的表面;以及
位于磁阻元件的远离所述第一和第二层的一侧上的导磁材料的第三层,它从所述表面延伸,并与导磁材料的第二层磁连接;
其特征在于,在磁阻元件和导磁材料的第三层之间设置有一层超导材料。
2、如权利要求1所述的磁头,其特征在于所述的超导材料层从所述的用于使磁阻元件与磁记录介质磁耦合的表面起延伸。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的磁头,其特征在于在导磁材料的第一和第二层的远离磁阻元件的一侧上设置有另一超导材料层。
4、如权利要求1或2所述的磁头,其特征在于在导磁材料的第一、第二及第三层的远离磁阻元件的一侧上设置有一超导材料层。
CN88104405A 1987-07-15 1988-07-12 包括磁阻元件的薄膜磁头 Pending CN1030660A (zh)

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NL8701663 1987-07-15
NL8701663A NL8701663A (nl) 1987-07-15 1987-07-15 Dunne film magneetkop met een magnetoweerstandselement.

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EP (1) EP0300559A1 (zh)
JP (1) JPS6430016A (zh)
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NL8701663A (nl) 1989-02-01
JPS6430016A (en) 1989-01-31
US4907115A (en) 1990-03-06
EP0300559A1 (en) 1989-01-25
KR890002825A (ko) 1989-04-11

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