CN103044163A

CN103044163A - Production method of compound fertilizer containing crude fibers and organic matters

Info

Publication number: CN103044163A
Application number: CN2011103089615A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄兰群
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-10-12
Filing date: 2011-10-12
Publication date: 2013-04-17

Abstract

The invention relates to a production method of compound fertilizer, and specifically relates to a method for producing the compound fertilizer containing crude fibers and organic matters by adding organic matter raw materials containing a large amount of crude fibers while producing the compound fertilizer. The fertilizer has the advantages of high content of inorganic nutrients (nitrogen, phosphor and potassium), sufficient organic nutrients, large amount of the crude fibers, and a certain amount of beneficial microorganisms. The fertilizer combines the effects of the above four materials and can effectively increase utilization rate of the fertilizer, improve the quality of agricultural products, improve soil structures and enhance capacities of soil fertilizer conservation and crop resilience.

Description

The production method that contains the composite fertilizer of robust fibre and organic matter

Affiliated technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of production method of composite fertilizer.When producing composite fertilizer, employing contains a large amount of coarse-fibred organic matter materials to be added in the production process specifically, produces a kind of method of the composite fertilizer that contains a large amount of robust fibre and organic matter.

Background technology

Before chemical fertilizer was applied to agriculture production, the fertilizers such as China peasant mainly relies on and makes compost, human and animal excreta promoted agriculture production.Along with the appearance of the chemical fertilizer such as ammoniacal liquor, urea, carbon ammonium, phosphate fertilizer, because its nutrient density is high, cleaning, just transportation, effect of increasing production are obvious, thereby formed the custom that simple dependence chemical fertilizer is engaged in agricultural production.Under the guide of balance fertilizing, rational application of fertilizers theory, composite fertilizer's cause of China has obtained swift and violent development these years, is at present the epoch of using in a large number the fertile and composite fertilizer of simple substance and depositing.Because agriculture production is used excessive the using with unreasonable of chemical fertilizer, although increased grain yield, satisfied growing food demand, but also brought many drawbacks: chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is low, quality of agricultural product decline, soil compaction, soil acidification, preservation capacity of water and fertility are poor etc., and problem becomes increasingly conspicuous.

Organic fertilizer in modern agriculture, have improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, improve soil physical and chemical property, the effect such as increase soil fertility obtained the generally acknowledged of general experts and scholars.The chief component composition robust fibre of fertilizer (except the mineral organic matter) is the chief component composition of plant cell wall, comprise the compositions such as Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen and cutin, after robust fibre is processed by microbiological deterioration, in soil, degenerate into organic matter and soil ulmin, these compositions are the main sources that replenish the soil organism, also are the important substance bases of increasing soil fertility.Robust fibre is in decay process, and the support that just is equivalent between soil particle is the same, is conducive to improve sedimentation, the permeability of soil, increases Cation Exchange Capacity in Soils, has very strong adsorptivity, improves the soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping ability.

Crop stalk, husk powder etc. all are first-class fertilizer starting material, are rich in a large amount of organic matters, robust fibre.According to statistics, more than 600,000,000 ton straw, chaff powder total amount are arranged every year, major part all is incinerated; Since the 11th Five-Year, central authorities and the Ministry of Agriculture call energetically and return crop stocks to the field, if but the straw direct returning to farmland process bad meeting and cause a lot of hereditary diseases or insect pest, a large amount of drug administrations are not inconsistent with environmental protection, ecology, healthy productive life idea again, even affect crop growth and output.

Composite fertilizer refers to contain in nitrogen, phosphorus, three kinds of nutrients of potassium the fertilizer that at least two kinds or the above method with chemistry or blending are made, and operative norm is GB15063-2009.Do not stipulate in this standard to use organic raw material, but the effect of organic fertilizer in agriculture production is day by day obvious, producing composite fertilizer particularly in the high concentration compound fertilizer, add a part of organic raw material inside, can play and improve effect of fertilizer, improve the effect such as Soil structure, replenish the soil organism, humic acid, organonitrogen phosphorus potassium in the organic raw material and inorganic nitrogen phosphorus potassium complement each other, mutually promote, quick-acting and long-acting combining played slow release effect.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of new complex fertilizer production method, with crop stalk, the robust fibre organic raw material such as husk powder manufacture bio-organic fertilizer in the biological fermentation mode, be equipped with the nitrogen of high density, phosphorus, the potassium raw material, by a series of course of processing, produce high density robust fibre composite fertilizer, this fertilizer has inorganic nutrients (nitrogen concurrently, phosphorus, potassium) content is high, the organic nutrient foot, robust fibre amount large (more than 15%), and contain a certain amount of beneficial microorganism characteristics, the quadruple effect unification, but Effective Raise chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, improve quality of agricultural product, the improvement Soil structure strengthens soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping and farm crop anti-adversity ability.Organonitrogen phosphorus potassium in the organic raw material and inorganic nitrogen phosphorus potassium complement each other, and mutually promote, and quick-acting and long-acting combining played slow release effect.

Be the organic fertilizer of main material production with crop stalk, husk powder among the present invention, crop stalk powder or husk powder occupy more than 90% (in butt) of machine fertilizer total amount, use self-control high-effective microorganism decomposing agent during production, the fermentative processing time short (8-10 days), temperature high (more than 60 degree) is become thoroughly decomposed thoroughly.

The nitrogenous fertilizer that uses among the present invention has urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate etc., and phosphate fertilizer has monoammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, diammonium phosphate etc., potash fertilizer that vitriolate of tartar, Repone K, saltpetre etc. are arranged.

The middle and high concentration composite fertilizer that the present invention produces, its total nutrient can reach more than 35%, organic 〉=10%, indices all satisfies relevant national standard.The input amount of robust fibre organic raw material 〉=15% during production increases material viscosity in the urea melting mode in production technique, improve prilling temperature in the steam mode, produces granulating rate and output thereby improve.

The technical scheme that the present invention takes is: various raw and auxiliary materials are cooperated rear pulverizing by a certain percentage; fineness of materials after the pulverizing reaches and accounts for more than 90% below the 2mm; then enter rotary drum granulator and carry out granulation; spray on the granulation material bed after part urea melted into slip by the urea melting system; the urea slip that melts has very strong viscosity and higher temperature; add that the steam that passes into further improves prilling temperature; under the prerequisite of comparatively high temps; can when less water content, obtain higher granulation level; reduce the oven dry load, improve output.Send into oven dry, cooling and screening through the material that granulation is processed with travelling belt; underproof macrobead carries out fragmentation, and returning tablets press with particulate carries out again granulation as masterbatch afterwards; finished product fertilizer enters coating machine and carries out anti-caking and polished finish; finished product after coating is finished carries out the sequential sampling sampling before entering packing; and send the laboratory to detect, qualified to guarantee every batch products.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: contain a large amount of coarse-fibred composite fertilizers, its inorganic nutrients is up to more than 35%, but effective supply is to the required various macroelement of farm crop, its robust fibre organic raw material addition 〉=15%, the defectives such as organic 〉=10%, organic and robust fibre can improve soil compaction, fertility decline that the life-time service chemical fertilizer brings, chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is low, quality of agricultural product is low.Robust fibre is administered in the soil, similarly is sponge, has very strong adsorptive power, can be effectively various fertilizer nutrients and moisture be stored in around it, plays the effect of preserve moisture and fertility insulation; Simultaneously, robust fibre plays again the effect that is equivalent to support in soil aggregate, and chessom strengthens soil permeability, is conducive to the growth of farm crop root system, thereby promotes the nutrition absorption of crop and the growth of fruit.Employed robust fibre organic raw material among the present invention, it is the organic fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed through biological fermentation, contain a large amount of microorganisms, though after process for processing, can not reach the requirement of microbial fertilizer, but the effect of its microorganism still exists, bioenzyme activity is higher, and phosphorus and potassium that it can be degraded and be cured in the soil promote the Crop utilization.

Composite fertilizer among the present invention is that organic matter, inorganic nutrients, robust fibre, microorganism is four-dimension integrated, and the quadruple effect combination reduces the fertilizer application amount, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, and improvement soil improves quality of agricultural product, and the increasing both production and income texts is remarkable.

Figure of description

Fig. 1 is whole process process flow sheet of the present invention.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1: produce composite fertilizer 36%20-7-9 organic matter 〉=10% potassium chloride type composite fertilizer, material proportion is by 100 parts: 15 parts of robust fibre organic matter materials, 1 part of stopping composition that 30 parts in 46.3% urea, 20 parts of 25.4% ammonium chlorides, 17 parts of 55% powder monoammonium phosphates, 17 parts in 57% Repone K, biological fermentation are processed;

Above-mentioned material is mixed in proportion sends into tablets press and carry out granulation; then the drying plant through the low temperature Wind Volume carries out drying and processing; again after being cooled near envrionment temperature; divide through thick, dusting cover; finished product in the middle of obtaining is sent in the coating machine, obtains finished product after the material after polishing and anti-caking are processed is packed.

The organic composite fertilizer of the 36%20-7-9 potassium chloride type of producing as stated above, send Chongqing City Metering Quality Test Inst.'s detected result as follows:

Claims

1. the production method of a composite fertilizer.It is characterized in that: when producing composite fertilizer, employing contains a large amount of coarse-fibred organic matter materials to be added in the production process, produces and contains robust fibre and organic composite fertilizer.

2. the production method of composite fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the robust fibre organic raw material such as crop stalk, husk powder are manufactured bio-organic fertilizer in the biological fermentation mode, be equipped with nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium raw material of high density, by a series of course of processing, produce the nutrient density height and contain a large amount of coarse-fibred composite fertilizers, it is high that this fertilizer has inorganic nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) content concurrently, the organic nutrient foot, robust fibre amount large (more than 15%), and contain a certain amount of beneficial microorganism characteristics.

According to claim 1 with the production method of 2 described composite fertilizers, it is characterized in that: be the main material production bio-organic fertilizer with crop stalk, husk powder.Crop stalk powder or husk powder occupy more than 90% (in butt) of machine fertilizer total amount, use self-control high-effective microorganism decomposing agent during production, and the fermentative processing time short (8-10 days), temperature high (more than 60 degree) is become thoroughly decomposed thoroughly.

According to claim 1 with the production method of 2 described composite fertilizers, it is characterized in that: the nitrogenous fertilizer of use has urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate etc., and phosphate fertilizer has monoammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, diammonium phosphate etc., potash fertilizer that vitriolate of tartar, Repone K, saltpetre etc. are arranged.

According to claim 1 with the production method of 2 described composite fertilizers, it is characterized in that: the middle and high concentration composite fertilizer of production, its total nutrient can reach more than 35%, organic 〉=10%, the input amount of robust fibre organic raw material 〉=15% during production, in production technique, increase material viscosity in the urea melting mode, improve prilling temperature in the steam mode, produce granulating rate and output thereby improve.