CN103041036B - 一种用于治疗三叉神经痛的丸剂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于治疗三叉神经痛的丸剂,属中药领域。本发明丸剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:生地35~55份、白芍35~50份、赤芍30~50份、白芷30~45份、升麻25~45份、钩藤25~40份、黄芩20~40份、白蒺藜15~35份、防风15~30份、细辛15~25份、柴胡10~25份、石决明10~20份、地龙10~18份、葛根8~18份、全蝎5~15份、地骨皮4~12份。本发明选材精良,以通络止痉为宗,攻毒散结为旨,针对传统中医理论所述引发三叉神经痛的病理,清热平肝、除湿熄风,引阳明清气和少阳清气上行,有标本兼顾,治本求本的效用,吸收效果好,疗效显著,安全可靠,无毒副作用及临床不良反应,经临床验证对三叉神经痛镇痛效果良好,治愈率较高。
Description
所属技术领域
本发明涉及中药领域,尤其涉及一种用于治疗三叉神经痛的丸剂。
背景技术
三叉神经痛是最常见的脑神经疾病,以一侧面部三叉神经分布区内反复发作的阵发性剧烈痛为主要表现,国内统计发病率52.2/10万,女性略多于男性,发病率可随年龄而增长。该病发作时,在头面部三叉神经分布区域内,发病骤发,骤停、闪电样、刀割样、烧灼样、顽固性、难以忍受的剧烈性疼痛,说话、洗脸、刷牙或微风拂面,甚至走路时都会导致阵发性的剧烈疼痛,疼痛历时数秒或数分钟,疼痛呈周期性发作,给患者的正常生活带来了极大的挑战。
在临床上,对三叉神经痛的病因及发病机制,至今尚无明确的定论,各学说均无法解释其临床症状,大多数临床医生支持的是三叉神经微血管压迫导致神经脱髓鞘学说,以及癫痫样神经痛学说。也正因为此,临床上经常发生误将三叉神经痛诊断为牙痛、副鼻窦炎、青光眼、颞颌关节炎、偏头痛、三叉神经炎、小脑脑桥角肿瘤、肿瘤侵犯颅底、舌咽神经痛、三叉神经半月节区肿瘤、面部神经痛等,耽误了对三叉神经痛的有效治疗。
现代医学对三叉神经痛的治疗,一般采用卡马西平或苯妥英钠药物治疗,或采用手术治疗,如三叉神经及半月神经节封闭术、半月神经节经皮射频热凝治疗、微血管减压术等,治疗费用高,效果不够理想。也有部分采用中药制剂治疗,但目前的中药配方制剂在选材上太过保守,尤其是倾向解表退热、消肿透疹的配方,缺乏对疏肝平胆、除湿熄风、通络止痉的针对性配伍。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种用于治疗三叉神经痛的丸剂,具有通络止痉、攻毒散结、除湿熄风、清热平肝的功用,对三叉神经痛具有很好的疗效。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案实施如下:
一种用于治疗三叉神经痛的丸剂,制成所述丸剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
生地35~55份 白芍35~50份 赤芍30~50份 白芷30~45份
升麻25~45份 钩藤25~40份 黄芩20~40份 白蒺藜15~35份
防风15~30份 细辛15~25份 柴胡10~25份 石决明10~20份
地龙10~18份 葛根8~18份 全蝎5~15份 地骨皮4~12份
制成所述丸剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
生地38~52份 白芍36~48份 赤芍34~46份 白芷32~44份
升麻28~42份 钩藤26~38份 黄芩24~36份 白蒺藜18~32份
防风18~28份 细辛16~22份 柴胡14~20份 石决明12~18份
地龙12~16份 葛根10~15份 全蝎8~12份 地骨皮6~10份
制成所述丸剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
生地42份 白芍40份 赤芍38份 白芷35份
升麻32份 钩藤30份 黄芩27份 白蒺藜22份
防风20份 细辛18份 柴胡16份 石决明14份
地龙13份 葛根12份 全蝎9份 地骨皮7份
一种用于治疗三叉神经痛的丸剂的制备方法,包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将白蒺藜放入容器中,捣汁,取汁液,备用。
(2)将地龙放入容器中粉末,过100目细粉,备用。
(3)将全蝎去掉三分之二蝎尾后,中火略炒后研末,过100目细粉,备用。
(4)将石决明过大火略烤,研末去渣,过120目细粉,备用。
(5)将升麻粉碎,以炼蜜拌炒至表面不粘手且呈带光泽的深黄色后,研末,过100目细粉,备用。
(6)将生地、白芷、柴胡、黄芩、防风、地骨皮放入容器中,加入八倍量的水,浸泡6~8小时后,取浸泡液;在剩余的药渣中再加入六倍量的水,浸泡4~6小时后,取浸泡液;合并两次所得浸泡液,浓缩成50℃环境下相对密度1.45~1.65的稠膏,备用。
(7)将白芍、赤芍、钩藤、细辛、葛根放入容器中,加入四倍量的乙醇,浸泡3~4小时后,取醇浸液;在剩余的药渣中再加入两倍量的乙醇,浸泡2~3小时后,取醇浸液;合并两次所得醇浸液,浓缩成50℃下相对密度1.15~1.25的稠膏,备用。
(8)将步骤(1)所得的汁液和步骤(2)、步骤(3)、步骤(4)、步骤(5)所得的细粉,与步骤(6)、步骤(7)制得的稠膏混合,搅拌均匀后加入蜂蜜,制备为10g/粒的药丸。
本发明所用中药的药性如下:
生地:味甘;苦;性微寒。归心;肝;肾经。滋阴清热;凉血补血。主治热病烦渴;内热消渴;骨蒸劳热;温病发斑;血热所致的吐血;血虚萎黄;眩晕心悸。《日华子本草》载:“治惊悸劳劣,心肺损,吐血,鼻衄,妇人崩中血晕,助筋骨。”现代医学研究证实,生地是有效的免疫增强剂,包含对人体有好处的多类氨基酸、多类糖类,并且有强心、降压、降糖、保肝、抑菌、升高血细胞等药理作用。
白芍:味苦;性平。入肝;脾经。养血柔肝,缓中止痛;敛阴收汗。主治胸腹胁肋疼痛,泻痢腹痛,自汗盗汗,阴虚发热。《别录》载:“通顺血脉,缓中,散恶血,逐贼血,去水气,利膀胱、大小肠,消痈肿,治时行寒热,中恶腹痛,腰痛。”现代医学研究证实,白芍能调节免疫,增强巨噬细胞和白细胞的吞噬功能,调节T淋巴细胞和体液的免疫功能,有保肝、解痉、镇痛、镇静、抗凉、降温作用,此外还对平滑肌有抑制作用,增强耐缺氧、抗氧化和抗疲劳的作用。
赤芍:味苦;微寒。归肝经。清热凉血;散瘀止痛。主治温毒发斑,吐血衄血;目赤肿痛;肝郁胁痛;症瘕腹痛;痈肿疮疡。《神农本草经》载:“味苦平,主邪气腹痛,除血痹、破坚积寒热疝瘕、止痛,生川谷。”现代医学研究证实,赤芍含有芍药甙、芍药内酯甙、氧化芍药甙、苯甲酰芍药甙、芍药吉酮、芍药新甙、胡萝卜甙等多种成分,可使全血黏度比及红细胞电泳时间降低。此外,赤芍能通过影响钙代谢,调节TXA2/PGI2平衡抗动脉粥样硬化,其作用强于钙通道阻滞剂,水醇提取物有显著的镇静作用及某些止痛效果,还能轻度提高胃液的酸度,可用于某些神经疾患。
白芷:味辛;性温。归肺;脾;胃经。祛风除湿;通窃止痛;消肿排脓。主治感冒头痛;眉棱骨痛;牙痛;鼻塞;鼻渊;湿胜久泻;痈疽疮疡。《纲目》载:“治鼻渊、鼻衄、齿痛、眉棱骨痛,大肠风秘,小便出血,妇人血风眩运,翻胃吐食;解砒毒。”现代医学研究证实,白芷对中枢神经系统有兴奋作用,可抑制肝药物代谢酶系统,此外还具有解热镇痛、抗炎、抗菌、降血压等功效,能活化交感系统激素,抑制脂肪合成。
升麻:味辛;甘;性微寒。归肺;脾;大肠;胃经。清热解毒;发表透疹;升阳举陷。主治时疫火毒;口疮;咽痛;斑疹;头痛寒热;痈肿疮毒;中气下陷;脾虚泄泻;久痢下重。《纲目》载:“升麻引阳明清气上行,柴胡引少阳清气上行,此乃禀赋素弱、元气虚馁及劳役饥饱、生冷内伤,脾胃引经最要药也。”现代医学研究证实,升麻提取物具有抗菌、降压、抑制心肌、减慢心率的作用,对中枢神经系统有镇静作用。
钩藤:味苦;性微寒。入肝;心经。清热平肝;熄风止痉。主治小儿惊风;夜啼;热盛动风;子痫;肝阳眩晕;肝火头胀痛。《本草述》载:“治中风瘫痪,口眼喎斜,及一切手足走注疼痛,肢节挛急。又治远年痛风瘫痪,筋脉拘急作痛不已者。”现代医学研究证实,钩藤内含的吲哚类生物碱,除具有降压、抗癫痫作用外,还有一定的抗焦虑作用,醇提液对中枢神经系统的突触传递过程有明显的抑制效应,增强对神经元细胞的保护。
黄芩:味辛;苦;性寒。归肺;肝;肾经。清热解毒;散瘀止血;利尿消肿。主治热毒痈肿;咽喉疼痛;肺痈;肠痈;瘰疬;吐血;衄血;血淋;水肿;腹水及癌症。《泉州本草》载:“清热,解毒,法风,散血,行气,利水,通络,破瘀,止痛。内服主血淋,吐血,衄血;外用冶毒蛇咬伤,痈疽,疔疮,无名肿毒。”现代医学研究证实,黄芩具有广谱抗菌作用,此外还有抗血小板聚集、抗凝以及降血脂的作用。
白蒺藜:味苦;辛;性平。入肝;肺;肾;心经。平肝;解郁;祛风明目。主治头痛;眩晕;胸胁胀痛;目赤翳障;风疹瘙痒;疮疽;瘰疬。《本草便读》载:“善行善破,专入肺、宣肺之滞,疏肝之淤,故能治风痹目疾。”现代医学研究表明,白蒺藜所含的蒺藜皂甙有扩张冠状动脉、改善冠状动脉循环、增强心脏收缩力、减慢心律的作用,亦能抑制血小板聚集,抗心肌缺血和缩小心肌梗死范围,缓解心绞痛、改善心肌缺血,并能不同程度地改善患者的胸闷、心悸、气短和心前区疼痛等症状。
防风:味辛;微甘;性微温。归肺;膀胱;肝;脾经。发表;祛风;胜湿;止痛。主治风寒感冒;感冒夹湿;头痛;昏眩;寒湿腹痛;泄泻;风湿痹痛;四肢拘挛;目赤;疮疡;疝瘕;疥癣;风疹。《日华子本草》载:“治三十六般风,男子一切劳劣,补中益神,风赤眼,止泪及瘫缓,通利五脏关脉,五劳七伤,羸损盗汗,心烦体重,能安神定志,匀气脉。”现代医学研究证实,防风能显著提高急性脑缺氧的耐缺氧能力,显著抑制体外诱发的脂质过氧化物的形成,具有抗氧化活性,对神经细胞起保护作用。
细辛:味辛,性温,热。入肺、肾经。解表散寒 ;祛风止痛;温肺化饮;通窍。《别录》载:“温中下气,破痰,利水道,开胸中,除喉痹,齆鼻,风痫癫疾,下乳结。治汗不出,血不行,安五脏,益肝胆,通精气”。现代医学研究证实,细辛水浸剂和醇浸剂能阻断坐骨神经的冲动传导。
柴胡:味苦;辛;性微寒。入肝;胆经。解表退热;疏肝解郁;升举阳气。主治外感发热;寒热往来;肝郁胁痛;头痛头眩;气虚下陷。《日华子本草》载:“补五劳七伤,除烦止惊,润心肺,添精补髓,天行温疾,热狂乏绝,胸胁气满,健忘。”现代医学研究表明,柴胡含挥发油、脂肪等成分,其煎剂有解热作用,并能抑制疟原虫的生长发育,对结核杆菌及流感病毒也有抑制作用。尤其是柴胡所含的皂甙,有镇静镇痛作用,并具有抗肝损伤、防止脂肪变性及纤维增生、降低转氨酶及利胆的功用,现广泛用于急性肝炎、胆道炎症及肋间神经痛等疾患,均有一定疗效。
石决明:味苦;辛;性寒。入心;肝经。清热解毒;明目退翳。主治肋腺炎;急性肠炎;菌痢;黄疸型肝炎;胆湿癣炎;急性尿路感染;目赤肿痛翳障;痈肿疖毒;丹毒;湿疹;干湿癣疮。《本草拾遗》载:“主疫气,结黄,疟瘴,蛊毒,者服之吐下。”现代医学研究证实,石决明含毛茛黄素、菊黄质、β-胡萝卜素以及多种生物碱、挥发油,.有清热、镇静、降血压、拟交感神经的作用,对各种急性炎症疾病具有显著药用效果。
地龙:味咸;性寒。归肝;脾;膀胱经。清势止痉;平肝熄风;通经活络;平喘利尿。主治热病发热狂燥;惊痫抽搐;肝阳头痛;中风偏瘫;风湿痹痛;肺热喘咳;小便不通。《本草纲目》载:“性寒而下行,性寒故能解诸热疾,下行故能利小便,治足疾而通经络也。”“主伤寒疟疾,大热狂烦,及大人小儿小便不通,急慢惊风,历节风痛。”现代医学研究证明,地龙含有地龙素、地龙解热素、维生素B族复合体等成分,具有利尿、镇痛、平喘、降压、解热、抗惊厥等作用。
葛根:味甘;辛;性平。入脾;胃;肺;膀胱经。解肌退热;发表透诊;生津止渴;升阳止泻。主治外感发热;头项强痛;麻疹初起;疹出不畅;温病口渴;消渴病;泄泻。《本草经疏》载:“解散阳明温病热邪之要药也,故主消渴,身大热,热壅胸隔作呕吐。发散而升,风药之性也,放主诸痹。”现代医学研究表明,葛根中富含葛根素、多达13种异黄酮类,干葛中的异黄酮类化合物葛根素对高血压、高血脂、高血糖和心脑血管疾病有一定疗效。
全蝎:味辛;性平;有毒。入肝经。祛风止痉;通络止痛;攻毒散结。主治惊风;抽搐痉挛;中风口呐;半身不遂;破伤风;风湿顽痹;偏正头痛;牙痛;耳聋;痈肿疮毒;瘰疬痰核;风疹;顽癣。《开宝本草》载:“疗诸风瘾疹,及中风半身不遂,口眼喎斜,语涩,手足抽掣。”现代医学研究表明,全蝎含有的蝎毒素,有显著的解痉作用,抗惊厥,抑制血管运动中枢,扩张血管,减低肾上腺素的增压作用,有显著的镇静作用。
地骨皮:味甘;性寒。入肺;肾经。清虚热;泻肺火;凉血。主治阴虚劳热;骨蒸盗汗;疳积发热;肺热喘咳;吐血;衄血;尿血;消渴。《本草述》载:“主治虚劳发热,往来寒热,诸见血证、鼻衄、咳嗽血,咳嗽、喘,消瘅,中风,眩晕,痉痫,腰痛,行痹,脚气,水肿,虚烦,悸,健忘,小便不通,赤白浊。”现代医学研究证实,地骨皮含有胍的衍生物,具有降血糖作用,对胰岛岛β细胞形态结构的损害有一定的减轻作用,能阻断交感神经末梢而直接舒张血管。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下有益效果:
本发明选材精良,以通络止痉为宗,攻毒散结为旨,针对传统中医理论所述引发三叉神经痛的病理,清热平肝、除湿熄风,引阳明清气和少阳清气上行,有标本兼顾,治本求本的效用;吸收效果好,疗效显著,安全可靠,无毒副作用及临床不良反应,经临床验证对三叉神经痛镇痛效果良好,治愈率较高。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步阐述。
实施例1
本发明丸剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
生地50g 白芍46g 赤芍43g 白芷40g
升麻38g 钩藤35g 黄芩32g 白蒺藜28g
防风25g 细辛23g 柴胡20g 石决明18g
地龙16g 葛根14g 全蝎12g 地骨皮10g
本发明丸剂制备方法的工艺步骤为:
(1)将白蒺藜放入容器中,捣汁,取汁液,备用。
(2)将地龙放入容器中粉末,过100目细粉,备用。
(3)将全蝎去掉三分之二蝎尾后,中火略炒后研末,过100目细粉,备用。
(4)将石决明过大火略烤,研末去渣,过120目细粉,备用。
(5)将升麻粉碎,以炼蜜拌炒至表面不粘手且呈带光泽的深黄色后,研末,过100目细粉,备用。
(6)将生地、白芷、柴胡、黄芩、防风、地骨皮放入容器中,加入八倍量的水,浸泡6~8小时后,取浸泡液;在剩余的药渣中再加入六倍量的水,浸泡4~6小时后,取浸泡液;合并两次所得浸泡液,浓缩成50℃环境下相对密度1.45~1.65的稠膏,备用。
(7)将白芍、赤芍、钩藤、细辛、葛根放入容器中,加入四倍量的乙醇,浸泡3~4小时后,取醇浸液;在剩余的药渣中再加入两倍量的乙醇,浸泡2~3小时后,取醇浸液;合并两次所得醇浸液,浓缩成50℃下相对密度1.15~1.25的稠膏,备用。
(8)将步骤(1)所得的汁液和步骤(2)、步骤(3)、步骤(4)、步骤(5)所得的细粉,与步骤(6)、步骤(7)制得的稠膏混合,搅拌均匀后加入蜂蜜,制备为10g/粒的药丸。
用法用量:每日2次,每次一粒,饭后以热黄酒送服,9天为一个疗程,通常2~3个疗程有效,顽症需4~6个疗程。
实施例2
本发明丸剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
生地45g 白芍42g 赤芍40g 白芷38g
升麻35g 钩藤32g 黄芩30g 白蒺藜25g
防风23g 细辛19g 柴胡17g 石决明15g
地龙14g 葛根13g 全蝎10g 地骨皮8g
本实施例的丸剂制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
实施例3
本发明丸剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
生地42g 白芍40g 赤芍38g 白芷35g
升麻32g 钩藤30g 黄芩27g 白蒺藜22g
防风20g 细辛18g 柴胡16g 石决明14g
地龙13g 葛根12g 全蝎9g 地骨皮7g
本实施例的丸剂制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
临床资料:
据临床服用本发明所述丸剂的疗效跟踪资料,在严格遵医嘱、服药期间禁食生姜、大蒜等辛辣佐料的情况下,三叉神经痛患者发作频率明显降低,发作时疼痛大为减轻,部分患者痊愈未复发,总有效率达87.2%,完全达到临床实用的标准。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于治疗三叉神经痛的丸剂,其特征在于:制成所述丸剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
生地35~55份 白芍35~50份 赤芍30~50份 白芷30~45份
升麻25~45份 钩藤25~40份 黄芩20~40份 白蒺藜15~35份
防风15~30份 细辛15~25份 柴胡10~25份 石决明10~20份
地龙10~18份 葛根8~18份 全蝎5~15份 地骨皮4~12份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗三叉神经痛的丸剂,其特征在于:制成所述丸剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
生地38~52份 白芍36~48份 赤芍34~46份 白芷32~44份
升麻28~42份 钩藤26~38份 黄芩24~36份 白蒺藜18~32份
防风18~28份 细辛16~22份 柴胡14~20份 石决明12~18份
地龙12~16份 葛根10~15份 全蝎8~12份 地骨皮6~10份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗三叉神经痛的丸剂,其特征在于:制成所述丸剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
生地42份 白芍40份 赤芍38份 白芷35份
升麻32份 钩藤30份 黄芩27份 白蒺藜22份
防风20份 细辛18份 柴胡16份 石决明14份
地龙13份 葛根12份 全蝎9份 地骨皮7份。
4.一种用于治疗三叉神经痛的丸剂的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将白蒺藜放入容器中,捣汁,取汁液,备用。
(2)将地龙放入容器中粉末,过100目细粉,备用。
(3)将全蝎去掉三分之二蝎尾后,中火略炒后研末,过100目细粉,备用。
(4)将石决明过大火略烤,研末去渣,过120目细粉,备用。
(5)将升麻粉碎,以炼蜜拌炒至表面不粘手且呈带光泽的深黄色后,研末,过100目细粉,备用。
(6)将生地、白芷、柴胡、黄芩、防风、地骨皮放入容器中,加入八倍量的水,浸泡6~8小时后,取浸泡液;在剩余的药渣中再加入六倍量的水,浸泡4~6小时后,取浸泡液;合并两次所得浸泡液,浓缩成50℃环境下相对密度1.45~1.65的稠膏,备用。
(7)将白芍、赤芍、钩藤、细辛、葛根放入容器中,加入四倍量的乙醇,浸泡3~4小时后,取醇浸液;在剩余的药渣中再加入两倍量的乙醇,浸泡2~3小时后,取醇浸液;合并两次所得醇浸液,浓缩成50℃下相对密度1.15~1.25的稠膏,备用。
(8)将步骤(1)所得的汁液和步骤(2)、步骤(3)、步骤(4)、步骤(5)所得的细粉,与步骤(6)、步骤(7)制得的稠膏混合,搅拌均匀后加入蜂蜜,制备为10g/粒的药丸。
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CN101549104A (zh) * | 2008-04-03 | 2009-10-07 | 北京中科仁和科技有限公司 | 一种治疗三叉神经痛的中药组合物及其制备方法 |
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