CN103033480B - A test method for the color fastness of textiles to saliva - Google Patents
A test method for the color fastness of textiles to saliva Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000120 Artificial Saliva Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- LLSDKQJKOVVTOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium chloride dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] LLSDKQJKOVVTOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- ZIPBRTRZSHOQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZIPBRTRZSHOQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- DHRRIBDTHFBPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] DHRRIBDTHFBPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940052299 calcium chloride dihydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940050906 magnesium chloride hexahydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006081 fluorescent whitening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)CC(O)=O ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
[技术领域][technical field]
本发明涉及纺织品色牢度检测技术领域，具体地说是一种纺织品耐唾液色牢度的测试方法。The invention relates to the technical field of textile color fastness detection, in particular to a method for testing the color fastness of textiles to saliva.
[背景技术][Background technique]
儿童用纺织品，由于其适用对象的特殊性，使得消费者对其安全性提出了更高的要求。在众多要求之中，儿童的唾液对于纺织品中染料的萃取是重要指标之一，染色坚牢度较差的纺织品上的染料经过唾液萃取进入儿童体内，会给儿童的人身安全带来严重影响。因此，需要一个测试方法对纺织品耐唾液的色牢度进行评级。目前，德国有针对唾液有定性测试方法，其使用滤纸进行沾色测试，最后观察滤纸是否有沾色，从而定结论为耐唾液或不耐唾液，该测试方法的缺点是不能对其色牢度程度和级别进行表示；而国内的耐唾液色牢度的测试标准中，对于人工唾液的配方不合理，从而影响了纺织品中唾液色牢度的测试；因此，若能提供人工唾液配方更为合理，且能够表示纺织品耐唾液的色牢度级别的测试方法，以满足国内外市场上消费者和生产厂家对于此项性能的控制需求，将具有非常重要的意义。Children's textiles, due to the particularity of their applicable objects, make consumers put forward higher requirements for their safety. Among the many requirements, children's saliva is one of the important indicators for the extraction of dyes in textiles. Dyes on textiles with poor dyeing fastness will be extracted into children's bodies through saliva, which will have a serious impact on children's personal safety. Therefore, a test method is needed to rate the colorfastness of textiles to saliva. At present, Germany has a qualitative test method for saliva, which uses filter paper for staining test, and finally observes whether the filter paper is stained, so as to conclude that it is resistant to saliva or not. The disadvantage of this test method is that it cannot determine the color fastness. In the domestic test standard for color fastness to saliva, the formula of artificial saliva is unreasonable, which affects the test of color fastness of saliva in textiles; therefore, it is more reasonable to provide artificial saliva formula , and a test method that can express the level of color fastness of textiles to saliva, in order to meet the control needs of consumers and manufacturers in the domestic and foreign markets for this performance, will be of great significance.
[发明内容][Content of the invention]
本发明的目的就是要解决上述的不足，而提供一种纺织品耐唾液色牢度的测试方法，不仅能够对纺织品耐唾液的色牢度程度和级别进行评定，以克服传统的采用滤纸进行沾色测试的缺陷，而且人工唾液配置更加合理，测试方法也更简单易行。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies, and provide a test method for the color fastness of textiles to saliva, which can not only evaluate the degree and level of color fastness of textiles to saliva, but also overcome the traditional method of staining with filter paper. The defects of the test, and the configuration of artificial saliva is more reasonable, and the test method is simpler and easier.
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现：The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种纺织品耐唾液色牢度的测试方法，包括以下步骤：A method for testing the color fastness of textiles to saliva, comprising the following steps:
1)配置人工唾液，该人工唾液的配置步骤为，将0.75g氯化钾、0.33g氯化钠和0.53g碳酸钾加入1L烧杯中，再加入约900ml三级水，然后加入0.17g六水氯化镁、0.15g二水氯化钙和0.76g二水磷酸氢二钾，搅拌直至完全溶解，用1％盐酸调整混合溶液的pH值，确保混合溶液的pH值为6.8±0.1,最后用三级水定容至1L；1) Configure artificial saliva, the configuration steps of this artificial saliva are: add 0.75g potassium chloride, 0.33g sodium chloride and 0.53g potassium carbonate into a 1L beaker, then add about 900ml third-grade water, and then add 0.17g hexahydrate Magnesium chloride, 0.15g calcium chloride dihydrate and 0.76g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, stir until they are completely dissolved, adjust the pH value of the mixed solution with 1% hydrochloric acid to ensure that the pH value of the mixed solution is 6.8±0.1, and finally use the third grade Dilute water to 1L;
2)裁剪待测试样，将待测试样与多纤维贴衬织物贴合,组成组合试样；2) Cut the sample to be tested, and attach the sample to be tested with the multi-fiber lining fabric to form a combined sample;
3)称取适量的步骤1)中所配置的人工唾液，加入培养皿中，将步骤2)中的组合试样完全浸透在人工唾液中；3) Weigh an appropriate amount of artificial saliva configured in step 1), add it to a petri dish, and completely soak the combined sample in step 2) in the artificial saliva;
4)浸泡完成后，将组合试样取出，并放置在汗渍色牢度仪上，通过汗渍色牢度仪的重锤对组合试样施压；4) After the immersion is completed, take out the combined sample and place it on the color fastness to perspiration tester, and apply pressure to the combined sample by the weight of the color fastness to perspiration tester;
5)将汗渍色牢度仪放入预先设定温度为37℃±1℃的烘箱中，保持4小时；5) Put the perspiration color fastness tester into an oven with a preset temperature of 37°C±1°C and keep it for 4 hours;
6)将组合试样从汗渍色牢度仪上取下，在不超过60℃的空气中干燥；6) Remove the combined sample from the perspiration color fastness tester, and dry it in air not exceeding 60°C;
7)干燥后，将组合试样放置在温度20℃±2℃，相对湿度65±4％的标准大气条件下，调湿至少4小时；7) After drying, place the combined sample under standard atmospheric conditions with a temperature of 20°C±2°C and a relative humidity of 65±4%, and adjust the humidity for at least 4 hours;
8)采用标准变色灰卡、标准沾色灰卡分别对待测试样的变色以及贴衬织物的沾色进行评定测试。8) Use the standard gray scale for discoloration and the standard gray scale for staining to evaluate the discoloration of the test sample and the staining of the lining fabric respectively.
所述步骤2)中，待测试样裁剪成40mm×100mm，将待测试样与多纤维贴衬织物沿短边用针线缝合,组成组合试样。In the step 2), the sample to be tested is cut into 40 mm × 100 mm, and the sample to be tested and the multi-fiber lining fabric are sewn together with a needle thread along the short side to form a combined sample.
所述步骤3)中，人工唾液与组合试样的重量比为100:1，采用树脂板或玻璃板挤压使组合试样完全浸透在人工唾液中，浸泡动作保持30min±2min。In the step 3), the weight ratio of the artificial saliva to the combined sample is 100:1, and the combined sample is completely soaked in the artificial saliva by extrusion with a resin plate or a glass plate, and the soaking action is kept for 30 minutes ± 2 minutes.
所述步骤3)和步骤4)之间，有采用玻璃棒对取出来的组合试样进行挤压的步骤，使得组合试样带液率为100％±5％。Between said step 3) and step 4), there is a step of using a glass rod to squeeze the taken out combined sample, so that the liquid carrying rate of the combined sample is 100%±5%.
所述步骤4)中，将组合试样放置在树脂板或玻璃板上，将树脂板或玻璃板放置在汗渍色牢度仪上，汗渍色牢度仪的加压重锤对组合试样施加12kPa的压强。In the step 4), the combined sample is placed on a resin plate or a glass plate, and the resin plate or glass plate is placed on the perspiration color fastness meter, and the pressure weight of the perspiration color fastness meter is applied to the combined sample. 12kPa of pressure.
所述步骤5)中，汗渍色牢度仪放入烘箱中保持4小时。In the step 5), the perspiration color fastness meter is put into an oven for 4 hours.
所述汗渍色牢度仪包括不锈钢座架、重锤以及树脂板或玻璃板。The perspiration color fastness instrument comprises a stainless steel frame, a weight and a resin plate or a glass plate.
与传统的纺织品耐唾液色牢度的测试方法技术相比，本发明的有益效果：本发明所提供的纺织品耐唾液色牢度测试方法，不仅能够对纺织品耐唾液的色牢度程度和级别进行评定，以克服传统的采用滤纸进行沾色测试的缺陷，而且人工唾液配置更加合理，保证了测试结果更加准确；此外，本发明所述的纺织品耐唾液色牢度的测试方法，操作简单、易行，不仅对于确保儿童用纺织品对于儿童的安全性提供了有力的工具，而且为国内外生产厂商和供应商选择安全的儿童用纺织品也提供了一个量化标准，值得推广应用。Compared with the traditional test method technology of textile color fastness to saliva, the beneficial effects of the present invention: the textile color fastness test method provided by the present invention can not only test the color fastness degree and grade of textiles to saliva assessment, to overcome the defects of the traditional staining test using filter paper, and the artificial saliva configuration is more reasonable, which ensures that the test results are more accurate; in addition, the test method for the color fastness of textiles to saliva described in the present invention is simple and easy to operate. It not only provides a powerful tool to ensure the safety of children's textiles for children, but also provides a quantitative standard for domestic and foreign manufacturers and suppliers to choose safe children's textiles, which is worthy of promotion and application.
[附图说明][Description of drawings]
图1是本发明中汗渍色牢度仪的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of perspiration color fastness instrument among the present invention;
图中：1、重锤 2、弹簧压架 3、紧固螺钉 4、玻璃板或树脂板 5、不锈钢座架。In the figure: 1. Heavy hammer 2. Spring press frame 3. Fastening screw 4. Glass plate or resin plate 5. Stainless steel seat frame.
[具体实施方式][Detailed ways]
下面结合实施例对本发明作以下进一步说明：Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described as follows:
实施例1Example 1
一、待测试样：深蓝色儿童针织套头衫1. Sample to be tested: dark blue children's knitted pullover
二、主要试验仪器或材料：2. Main test instruments or materials:
(1)汗渍色牢度测试仪(如附图1)：由不锈钢座架5、弹簧压架2、紧固螺钉3、50N(±1％)的重锤1以及尺寸为60mm×115mm×1.5mm的树脂板或玻璃板4组成，可以对组合试样施加均匀的规定的压力(12.5kPa)；(1) Perspiration color fastness tester (as shown in Figure 1): it consists of a stainless steel frame 5, a spring pressure frame 2, a fastening screw 3, a weight 1 of 50N (± 1%), and a size of 60mm×115mm×1.5 mm resin plate or glass plate 4, can apply a uniform pressure (12.5kPa) to the combined sample;
(2)烘箱:温度可设定在37℃±1℃；(2) Oven: the temperature can be set at 37°C±1°C;
(3)培养皿：直径125mm；(3) Petri dish: 125mm in diameter;
(4)玻璃棒；(4) glass rod;
(5)pH计：精度0.05或以上；(5) pH meter: accuracy 0.05 or above;
(6)多纤维贴衬织物：符合GB/T 11404；(6) Multi-fiber lining fabric: comply with GB/T 11404;
(7)缝纫线：白色且不含荧光增白剂；(7) Sewing thread: white and does not contain fluorescent whitening agent;
(8)缝纫针。(8) SEWING NEEDLE.
三、测试步骤：3. Test steps:
1)配置人工唾液，将0.75g氯化钾、0.33g氯化钠和0.53g碳酸钾加入1L烧杯中，再加入约900ml三级水，然后加入0.17g六水氯化镁、0.15g二水氯化钙和0.76g二水磷酸氢二钾，搅拌直至完全溶解，必要时采用1％盐酸调整混合溶液的pH值，确保混合溶液的pH值为6.8±0.1,最后用三级水定容至1L；1) Configure artificial saliva, add 0.75g potassium chloride, 0.33g sodium chloride and 0.53g potassium carbonate into a 1L beaker, then add about 900ml of third-grade water, then add 0.17g of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, 0.15g of dihydrate chloride Calcium and 0.76g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, stir until completely dissolved, adjust the pH value of the mixed solution with 1% hydrochloric acid if necessary, ensure the pH value of the mixed solution is 6.8±0.1, and finally dilute to 1L with tertiary water;
2)将待测试样裁剪成40mm×100mm大小，并将待测试样与多纤维贴衬织物沿短边用针线缝合，组成组合试样,确保每种颜色都与多纤维贴衬织物的每条纤维条相接触，必要时可多取几块；2) Cut the sample to be tested into a size of 40mm×100mm, and sew the sample to be tested with the multi-fiber lining fabric along the short side with needles and threads to form a combined sample, ensuring that each color is compatible with the multi-fiber lining fabric. Each fiber strip is in contact, and a few more pieces can be taken if necessary;
3)称取组合试样的重量，按照100:1浴比计算出需要的人工唾液毫升数，加入培养皿中，然后将组合试样完全浸透在培养皿中，采用树脂板或玻璃板挤压使其完全浸透，浸泡动作保持30min±2min；3) Weigh the combined sample, calculate the required milliliters of artificial saliva according to the bath ratio of 100:1, add it to the petri dish, then completely soak the combined sample in the petri dish, and squeeze it with a resin plate or a glass plate Make it completely soaked, and keep the soaking action for 30min±2min;
4)浸泡完成后，将组合试样取出采用玻璃棒挤压使其带液率为100％±5％；4) After the immersion is completed, take out the combined sample and squeeze it with a glass rod to make the liquid-carrying rate 100% ± 5%;
5)将组合试样放置在树脂板或玻璃板上，将一块树脂板或玻璃板放置在汗渍色牢度仪上，再加上6块树脂板或玻璃板，最多放置6块组合试样，通过汗渍色牢度仪的重锤施加12kPa的压强在组合试样上；5) Place the combined sample on a resin plate or glass plate, place one resin plate or glass plate on the perspiration color fastness tester, add 6 resin plates or glass plates, and place a maximum of 6 combined samples, Apply a pressure of 12kPa on the combined sample through the weight of the perspiration color fastness tester;
6)将汗渍色牢度仪放入预先设定温度为37℃±1℃的烘箱中，保持4小时；6) Put the perspiration color fastness tester into an oven with a preset temperature of 37°C±1°C and keep it for 4 hours;
7)将组合试样从汗渍色牢度仪上取下，确保只有短边缝线部分接触的情况下，在不超过60℃的空气中干燥；7) Remove the combined sample from the perspiration color fastness tester, and ensure that only the sutures on the short side are partially in contact, and dry in the air not exceeding 60°C;
8)干燥后，将组合试样放置在温度20℃±2℃，相对湿度65±4％的标准大气条件下，调湿至少4小时；8) After drying, place the combined sample under standard atmospheric conditions with a temperature of 20°C±2°C and a relative humidity of 65±4%, and adjust the humidity for at least 4 hours;
9)采用标准变色灰卡、标准沾色灰卡分别对待测试样的变色以及贴衬织物的沾色进行评定测试。9) Use the standard discoloration gray card and the standard staining gray card to evaluate and test the discoloration of the test sample and the staining of the adjacent fabric respectively.
四、建议的测试结果评价依据：4. Suggested basis for evaluation of test results:
待测试样变色达到GB/T250标准变色灰卡4级或以上，判定为合格；4级以下，则判定为不合格；If the discoloration of the sample to be tested reaches GB/T250 standard discoloration gray scale level 4 or above, it is judged as qualified; if it is below level 4, it is judged as unqualified;
贴衬织物沾色达到GB/T251标准沾色灰卡4-5级或以上，判定为合格；4-5级以下，则判定为不合格。If the staining of the lining fabric reaches GB/T251 standard staining gray scale 4-5 or above, it is judged as qualified; if it is below 4-5 grade, it is judged as unqualified.
五、测试结果如下：5. The test results are as follows:
待测试样变色：3-4级；Discoloration of the sample to be tested: grade 3-4;
贴衬织物沾色：三醋酯：4Adjacent Fabric Stain: Triacetate: 4
棉：2-3Cotton: 2-3
尼龙：3Nylon: 3
涤纶：4-5Polyester: 4-5
腈纶：4Acrylic: 4
羊毛：3-4Wool: 3-4
结论为：不合格。The conclusion is: unqualified.
本发明中配置的人工儿童唾液应避免阳光照射，建议保存在棕色瓶中，且每次使用人工儿童唾液前应该检查其pH值，如pH值不在6.8±0.1，则弃用；且配置好的人工唾液有效期为两周，过期则弃用。The artificial children's saliva configured in the present invention should avoid sunlight, and it is recommended to store it in a brown bottle, and the pH value of the artificial children's saliva should be checked before each use. If the pH value is not 6.8 ± 0.1, then discard it; and the configured Artificial saliva is valid for two weeks, and it will be discarded after the expiration date.
本发明的调湿环境为：温度20℃±2℃，相对湿度65±4％；测试环境为：测试烘箱环境温度37℃±1℃。The humidity control environment of the present invention is: the temperature is 20°C±2°C, and the relative humidity is 65±4%; the test environment is: the ambient temperature of the test oven is 37°C±1°C.
本方法通过测试级别来评价纺织品由于被儿童唾液浸湿所带来的变色以及沾色到其他纺织品的风险，其适用于所有纺织品或纺织类产品,特别适用于36个月以下儿童使用的纺织品或纺织类产品。This method evaluates the risk of discoloration of textiles due to being soaked by children's saliva and the risk of staining other textiles through the test level. It is applicable to all textiles or textile products, especially for textiles or textiles used by children under 36 months. Textile products.
本发明并不受上述实施方式的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the present invention. within the scope of protection.
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