CN103033055B - Air volume control method and air volume control system for main exhaust fan of sintering machine - Google Patents
Air volume control method and air volume control system for main exhaust fan of sintering machine Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009770 conventional sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The application discloses an air volume control method and an air volume control system for a main exhaust fan of a sintering machine. The method includes the following steps: the thickness of the material on a sintering pallet is measured, the vertical sintering speed of the material is calculated, and the effective air volume of each bellows is determined; the flue gas components of a large flue are detected; according to the detected flue gas components, the effective air rate of each bellows is calculated; the target large flue air volume is calculated; the target large flue air volume as a regulating parameter is sent to a main exhaust fan controller, and the main exhaust fan controller regulates the frequency of the main exhaust fan to change toward target frequency. After the material thickness is changed, the air volume of the main exhaust fan can be automatically and accurately regulated to match with the current material thickness, and under the premise of guaranteeing sintering quality, the energy consumption of the main exhaust fan can be reduced in the process of sintering.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of sintering processes, in particular to a method and a system for controlling the air volume of a main exhaust fan of a sintering machine.
Background
With the rapid development of modern industry, the steel production scale is larger and larger, the energy consumption is more and more, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly indexes become more and more important factors for the steel production process. In the production of iron and steel, iron-containing raw material ore needs to be treated by a sintering system before entering a blast furnace for smelting, that is, various powdery iron-containing raw materials are mixed with proper amount of fuel and flux, added with proper amount of water, mixed and pelletized, and then distributed on a sintering trolley for roasting, so that a series of physical and chemical changes are generated to form easily smelted sintered ore, and the process is called sintering.
The sintering system mainly comprises a plurality of devices such as a sintering trolley, a mixer, a main exhaust fan, a circular cooler and the like, and the general process flow is shown in figure 1: the raw materials are proportioned in the batching chamber 1 to form a mixed material, then the mixed material enters the mixer 2 to be uniformly mixed and pelletized, the mixed material is uniformly spread on the sintering trolley 5 through the round roller feeder 3 and the nine-roller distributing machine 4 to form a material layer, and the ignition fan 12 and the ignition fan 11 ignite the material to start the sintering process. The sintered ore obtained after sintering is crushed by a single-roller crusher 8, enters a circular cooler 9 for cooling, and is finally sieved and granulated and then is conveyed to a blast furnace or a finished product ore bin. The oxygen required by the sintering process is provided by a main exhaust fan 10, a plurality of vertical air boxes 6 arranged side by side are arranged below the sintering trolley 5, a large flue (or called flue) 7 arranged horizontally is arranged below the air boxes, the large flue 7 is connected with the main exhaust fan 10, and the main exhaust fan 10 provides combustion-supporting air for the sintering process by passing through the trolley through negative pressure air generated by the large flue 7 and the air boxes 6.
In order to ensure the sintering quality, the speed of the sintering pallet and the thickness of the material layer on the sintering pallet are usually adjusted during the initial stage of sintering so that the sintering end point can be at a preset fixed position (typically the 2 nd to last wind box on the sintering pallet), and once the sintering end point is determined, the speed of the sintering pallet and the thickness of the material layer are determined. However, in the actual production process, the thickness of the material bed may change, for example, due to the influence of market factors, raw material storage factors, and storage factors of the sintered ore, the yield of the sintered ore and the quantity of the sintered material need to be adjusted, so that the thickness of the material bed on the trolley is affected, or due to the failure of the material distributor or other non-adjustment reasons, the thickness of the material bed on the trolley is also changed. Thus, the sintering end point deviates from a fixed position, and the sintering quality cannot be well guaranteed.
In order to accommodate different sintering processes, in the existing sintering processes, the main exhaust fans of the sintering machine system are operated at maximum design power, which necessarily results in excessively high electrical energy consumption and losses.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the present application provides a method and a system for controlling an air volume of a main exhaust fan of a sintering machine, so as to reduce energy consumption of the main exhaust fan in a sintering process.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are as follows:
a sintering machine main exhaust fan air volume control method comprises the following steps:
measuring the material bed thickness of the materials on the sintering trolley, calculating the vertical sintering speed of the materials by using the known trolley speed, the known sintering end point and the material bed thickness, and determining the effective air volume of each air box by using the relation between the effective air volume and the vertical sintering speed;
detecting smoke components of a large flue;
calculating the effective air rate of each air box according to the detected smoke components;
calculating a large flue target air volume which is equal to the sum of the air volumes of all air boxes, wherein the air volume of each air box is equal to the effective air volume divided by the effective air rate;
and sending the target air volume of the large flue to a main exhaust fan controller as an adjusting parameter, wherein the main exhaust fan controller adjusts the frequency of the main exhaust fan to change towards a target frequency, and the target frequency is equal to the frequency corresponding to the target air volume of the large flue.
In another embodiment based on the above method, further comprising the steps of:
detecting the current air volume of the large flue;
calculating the difference value between the current air volume of the large flue and the target air volume of the large flue;
if the difference value is larger than or equal to the set threshold value, the target large flue air volume is sent to a main exhaust fan controller as an adjusting parameter, otherwise, the target large flue air volume is sent to an air box valve controller as an adjusting parameter, and the air box valve controller adjusts the opening of an air box valve to enable the effective large flue air volume to be equal to the effective large flue air volume before valve adjustment.
The invention also provides a sintering machine main exhaust fan air volume control system, which comprises:
the material layer measuring unit is used for measuring the material layer thickness of the materials on the sintering trolley;
a vertical sintering speed calculation unit for calculating the vertical sintering speed of the material by using the known trolley speed, the known sintering end point and the material layer thickness;
an effective air volume determining unit for determining the effective air volume of each air box by using the relation between the effective air volume and the vertical sintering speed;
the smoke component detection unit is used for detecting smoke components in the large flue;
the effective air rate calculating unit is used for calculating the effective air rate of each air box according to the smoke components detected by the smoke component detecting unit;
the air volume calculating unit is used for calculating a large flue target air volume which is equal to the sum of the air volumes of all the air boxes, and the air volume of each air box is equal to the effective air volume divided by the effective air rate;
and the control unit is used for sending the large flue target air volume obtained by calculation of the air volume calculation unit to the main exhaust fan controller as an adjusting parameter, the main exhaust fan controller adjusts the frequency of the main exhaust fan to change towards a target frequency, and the target frequency is equal to the frequency corresponding to the large flue target air volume.
According to the technical scheme, the method for controlling the air volume of the main exhaust fan provided by the embodiment of the application determines the effective air volume of each air box corresponding to the material layer thickness by detecting the material layer thickness on the trolley of the sintering machine with the set trolley speed and the set sintering end point, and can calculate the effective air rate of each air box by detecting the smoke component of the current large flue of the sintering machine during sintering, wherein the effective air rate refers to the proportion of the effective air volume participating in the sintering reaction in the sintering process. And calculating to obtain the target air volume of the large flue according to the effective air volume and the effective air rate, and sending the target air volume of the large flue to the main exhaust fan controller, wherein the main exhaust fan controller can adjust the frequency of the main exhaust fan to change towards a target frequency, and the target frequency is equal to the frequency corresponding to the target air volume of the large flue.
Compared with the prior art, the method provided by the embodiment of the application can automatically and accurately adjust the air quantity of the main exhaust fan to be matched with the current material layer thickness only by knowing the current material layer thickness no matter what reason causes the material layer thickness to change, and the energy consumption of the main exhaust fan in the sintering process is reduced on the premise of ensuring the sintering quality. The method provided by the embodiment of the invention can save 15% of electric energy every ton of sintered mineral products, and if the embodiment of the invention is applied to the control of a sintering machine with 180 square meters, compared with the scheme without the invention, the method saves about 1080 ten thousand degrees of electric energy every year, and if the embodiment of the invention is applied to the control of a sintering machine with 360 square meters, compared with the scheme without the invention, the method saves about 2160 ten thousand degrees of electric energy every year, and can bring about a plurality of economic and social benefits such as capital saving and pollution emission reduction.
It is particularly pointed out that there are many devices associated with each other in the sintering system, and relatively, the devices associated with many other devices may be called system devices, such as sintering trolleys, main exhaust fans, etc.; while devices associated with fewer devices may be referred to as local devices, such as bellows, dampers of bellows, etc. Obviously, adjusting system equipment, such as adjusting the speed of the trolley, adjusting the main exhaust frequency, adjusting the main exhaust door and the like, has great influence on the system; and the local equipment is adjusted, so that the influence on the system is small. Therefore, in the sintering system, the system is influenced by the local device rather than by the adjustment of the system device, which is beneficial to the stability of the system and the prolonging of the service life of the device. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, only when the difference between the current large flue air volume and the target large flue air volume is greater than or equal to the set threshold, the target large flue air volume is sent to the main draft fan controller as an adjustment parameter, the main draft fan controller adjusts the frequency of the main draft fan to change towards the target frequency, otherwise, when the difference between the current large flue air volume and the target large flue air volume is less than or equal to the set threshold, the target large flue air volume is sent to the air box valve controller as an adjustment parameter, and the air box valve controller adjusts the opening degree of the air box valve to make the effective large flue air volume equal to the effective large flue air volume before valve adjustment. On the premise of maintaining the speed of the trolley, the frequency of the main exhaust fan and the stability of the air door of the main exhaust fan, when the air volume changes greatly, the adjustment target is realized by adjusting the frequency of the main exhaust fan, and when the air volume changes less, the adjustment target is realized by adjusting the opening of the sintering air box valve, so that the vertical speed of material sintering is adjusted, and the sintering process and the sintering end point are controlled more precisely. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides an adjusting mode which is beneficial to system stability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional sintering machine;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for controlling an air volume of a main exhaust fan of a sintering machine according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for controlling an air volume of a main exhaust fan of a sintering machine according to a second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for controlling an air volume of a main exhaust fan of a sintering machine according to a third embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an air volume control system of a main exhaust fan of a sintering machine according to a fourth embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an air volume control system of a main exhaust fan of a sintering machine according to a fifth embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an air volume control system of a main exhaust fan of a sintering machine according to a sixth embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In sintering systems, the load is often present in many forms, such as, for example, the amount of material, the thickness of the bed, and even due to the equipment relationship, the load of one piece of equipment may be that of another piece of equipment, for example, the trolley speed may be that of the main draft fan. In practice, there are many reasons, such as equipment failure, and design change, resulting in load change or fluctuation, thereby changing or influencing the balance and stability of the sintering system, and at this time, it is necessary to change the working state of the relevant equipment of the system, i.e. to perform system adjustment, otherwise problems such as the yield of the sintered ore being not guaranteed, or environmental pollution, and excessive consumption of ineffective energy occur.
The first embodiment is as follows:
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a main blower air volume control method according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 2, the method includes:
s201, measuring the thickness of a material layer of the material on the sintering trolley.
In this embodiment, the thickness of the material layer of the material can be measured by adopting a direct detection method, and the thickness of the material layer of the material can also be calculated by indirectly detecting the blanking amount of the material distributor in unit time. Since the material layer on the sintering pallet usually takes 40 minutes or more from the sintering start point to the sintering end point during the sintering process, this results in a larger time lag for starting adjustment as the material layer thickness is detected closer to the sintering end point. Therefore, in the embodiment, when the thickness of the material layer is measured by adopting a direct detection method, the thickness of the material layer of the material below the material distributor on the sintering pallet can be directly detected.
Alternatively, the amount of material from the sintering machine can be detected and then utilized based on the known trolley speedCalculating a material layer thickness calculation value h corresponding to the detected material amount by using a formula (1)Material layer。
E=STrolley*hMaterial layer*VTrolley*ρ/1000（1）
Wherein: e is the amount of the sintered material in unit time, and the unit is t/min; sTrolleyIs the width of the sintering pallet, in m; h isMaterial layerIs the thickness of the material layer, and the unit is mm; vTrolleyIs the sintering pallet speed, m/min; rho is the sinter density t/m3. For a sintering machine with specific materials, the width of the trolley and the density of the materials are certain.
Because the adjusting range of the material layer thickness is generally 660-750, and the problem of material layer thickness adjusting precision is considered, the material layer thickness is divided into a plurality of thickness grades during actual adjustment, and the thickness grades are 10 as shown in table 1. When the thickness h of the material layer is calculated according to the material quantityMaterial layerThen, the thickness h of the material layer is measuredMaterial layerThe corresponding thickness grade is taken as the final material layer thickness HMaterial layer。
Table 1:
therefore, after the material amount is adjusted in the actual production process, the material layer thickness H corresponding to the material amount can be obtained in time according to the material amountMaterial layer。
S202: and calculating the vertical sintering speed of the material.
And (3) when the thickness of the material layer is detected, calculating to obtain the vertical sintering speed of the material layer by using a formula (2) in combination with the trolley speed and the trolley length parameter which are pre-stored by the system.
VHanging device=HMaterial layer/（L/ VTrolley）=(HMaterial layer* VTrolley)/L （2）
Wherein, VHanging deviceVertical sintering speed (mm/min), HMaterial layerIs the thickness of the material layer (mm), L is the known sintering end point (m), VTrolleyThe trolley speed (m/min).
S203: and calculating the effective air quantity of each air box.
In the sintering process, the effective air volume is the air volume occupied by oxygen participating in the sintering reaction, and when the effective air volume required by sufficient roasting of the materials in the standard state is known, the effective air volume of each air box in the standard state can be obtained by using the formula (3).
QWith mark= VHanging device*QT mark（3）
Wherein Q isWith markEffective air quantity of each air box in a standard state, QT markThe effective air quantity is fully required for roasting the materials under the standard state.
S204: and detecting smoke components of the large flue.
In the sintering process of the material layer, oxygen in the air volume generated by the main exhaust fan is not completely consumed, but only a part of the oxygen participates in the sintering reaction, so that the oxygen consumption condition of the material in the sintering process can be known through the smoke components. In the embodiment, the smoke components of the large flue are detected, and O in unit volume of smoke is mainly detected2、CO、CO2、N2、NO、NO2The content of (a).
S205: and calculating the effective air rate of each air box according to the detected smoke components.
In the process of sintering reaction of air, oxygen needs to participate in reactions such as iron ore solid-phase reaction, coke combustion and the like, so that the amount of oxygen in flue gas can be changed after the oxygen in the air is sintered; because nitrogen does not participate in the solid-phase reaction of iron ore, nitrogen is treated with NO and NO after the sintering process2、N2The form of (1) can be accurately measured in the smoke.
According to the law of substance invariance, the contents of nitrogen and oxygen in the air are stable, so that the amount of nitrogen and oxygen entering a large flue can be calculated according to the amount of nitrogen in the flue gas and the amount of nitrogen oxidized, and meanwhile, according to the measured amount of residual oxygen in the flue gas, the amount of oxygen participating in reaction can be accurately calculated by using a formula (4).
Wherein:
the oxygen amount in the air/the nitrogen amount in the air is a constant; the amount of the oxidized nitrogen can be detected by NO and NO in a flue gas analyzer2Calculating to obtain the quantity; the nitrogen content in the flue gas can also be detected by a flue gas analyzer to obtain N2And calculating the quantity.
Therefore, the amount of oxygen participating in the reaction can be calculated.
After the amount of oxygen participating in the reaction is obtained through calculation, the effective air rate K of the large flue can be obtained through calculation by using a formula (5).
Wherein: k is the effective air rate of the large flue, and the residual oxygen content in the flue gas can be detected by a flue gas analyzer to obtain O2And calculating the quantity.
The effective air rate of each wind box at present can be calculated by analyzing the smoke components of the large smoke channel.
In this embodiment, the flue gas component of the large flue is taken as the flue gas component of each wind box, and in fact, the mean value of the flue gas components of each wind box is obtained, thereby reducing uncertain influences, such as air leakage and wind box resistance, caused by different physical properties of each wind box. Thus, in an alternative embodiment, the smoke composition of each windbox can also be measured and the effective wind rate of each windbox calculated, which results in a more complex and costly system due to the greater number of smoke detectors required.
Further, step S204 may not be limited to being located after step S203 as shown in fig. 1, but may also be performed simultaneously with step S201, and step S206 may be performed after step S203 and step S205.
S206: and calculating the target air volume of the large flue.
For each windbox, the air volume is equal to the effective air volume divided by the effective air rate, so according to equation (6), the air volume Q of each windbox can be calculatedi。
Qi=Qi has a mark/K （6）
Wherein Q isiThe air volume of the bellows, Qi has a markThe effective air quantity of the air box.
Due to the large flue target air quantity QLarge flueEqual to the air quantity Q of all air boxesiTherefore, after the air volume of each air box is calculated, the target air volume Q of the large flue can be calculated by using the formula (7)Large flue。
Wherein 20 is the number of windboxes on the sintering machine in this example, QiThe air volume of the ith windbox was measured.
The target air quantity Q of the large flue can be calculated by the formulaLarge flue。
And S207, sending the target air volume of the large flue to a main exhaust fan controller as an adjusting parameter.
Through the steps, an adjusting parameter Q for adjusting the main exhaust fan can be obtainedLarge flueAnd adjusting the sameThe parameters are sent to a main exhaust fan controller, the main exhaust fan controller adjusts the frequency of the main exhaust fan to change towards a target frequency according to the frequency relation between the target air quantity parameter and the main exhaust fan, and the target frequency is equal to a frequency value corresponding to the target air quantity of the large flue, so that the air quantity of the main exhaust fan is controlled.
In addition, when the large flue has air leakage, the air volume of the main exhaust fan is equal to the sum of the target air volume of the large flue and the air volume of the air leakage of the pipeline, and at this time, the sum of the target air volume of the large flue and the air volume of the air leakage of the pipeline is required to be used as a regulating parameter to be sent to the controller of the main exhaust fan. The pipeline air leakage amount can be obtained in advance through experiments in practical application.
According to the first embodiment, as long as the thickness of the material layer serving as the load changes, the frequency of the main exhaust fan needs to be adjusted, so that the power consumption of the main exhaust fan is adaptive to the change of the load, and therefore energy conservation is achieved. However, the main exhaust fan acts as a system device, the adjustment of which can adversely affect the stability of the overall sintering system. Therefore, another embodiment based on the first embodiment provides an improved solution, which is to adjust the main blower when the load, i.e. the thickness of the material layer, changes greatly, and to adjust the valve opening of the windbox when the load changes less, thus combining the adjustment of the main blower and the adjustment of the valve opening, and when the load changes less, the adjustment of the valve opening achieves the effect of frequency adjustment of the main blower, thereby realizing an energy-saving adjustment solution with less influence on the whole sintering system.
Specifically, between step S206 and step S207 (not shown in fig. 1) of the first embodiment, the method further includes the following steps:
s1, detecting the current air volume of the large flue;
s2, calculating the difference value between the current air volume of the large flue and the target air volume of the large flue;
s3, judging whether the difference is larger than or equal to a set threshold value, if so, executing S207, otherwise, executing step S4;
and S4, sending the large flue target air volume as an adjusting parameter to an air box valve controller, and adjusting the opening of an air box valve by the air box valve controller to enable the large flue effective air volume to be equal to the large flue target air volume before valve adjustment.
In the sintering system, the effectiveness of the air volume decreases with increasing air volume, and conversely increases with decreasing air volume. For example, the resistance of the material layer becomes smaller and smaller as the duration of the sintering process is longer, the reduction of the resistance of the material layer enables the air quantity passing through the material layer to become larger and larger, the effective air (namely, oxygen contained in the air) participating in sintering to become smaller and smaller, and the corresponding air quantity effectiveness becomes smaller and smaller, at the moment, the negative pressure of the air box is properly increased by adjusting the opening (closing) of the air box valve, so that the effective air quantity is favorably kept.
Step S3 is to determine the magnitude of the change in load to determine whether to adjust the main blower or the opening of the valve, or to determine the selection of the adjustment means, so that when the change in load is not large, the adjustment of the valve is used to replace the adjustment of the main blower, thereby minimizing the influence of the adjustment on the sintering system.
Step S4 has the effect of determining whether the opening degree of the valve is larger or smaller. When the target air volume of the large flue is obtained, the change of the load needs a system to provide effective air volume corresponding to the target air volume of the large flue, and the effective air volume can be calculated before valve adjustment, namely under the current valve state, namely, the current effective air rate is multiplied by the target air volume of the large flue, so that the target of valve opening adjustment is to enable the effective air volume of the large flue to be equal to the effective air volume of the target air volume of the large flue before valve adjustment. The effective air volume of the large flue can be obtained by calculating the target air volume and the effective air rate of the large flue obtained by detection. Since those skilled in the art can implement the scheme according to the instructions of the embodiment, the detailed description is omitted here.
Example two:
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a main blower air volume control method according to the second embodiment.
Referring to fig. 3, steps S301 to S303 are equivalent to steps S201 to S203 in the first embodiment, and for the detailed description of steps S301 to S303, reference may be made to the description of steps S201 to S203 in the first embodiment, which is not repeated herein.
S304: and detecting the smoke components in the smoke of unit volume in the large flue according to a preset time interval.
Here, in this embodiment, the flue gas component in the unit volume of flue gas in the large flue is O in the unit volume of flue gas2、CO、CO2、N2、NO、NO2The content of (a). When the smoke components of the large smoke channel are detected, the smoke components of the large smoke channel are detected according to the preset time interval, so that the detection is more adaptive to the change of the system load. For example, when the system load, such as the thickness of a material layer, is unstable, a shorter time interval, such as 1 second or 0.5 second, is selected, and when the system load is more stable, a longer time interval, such as 10 seconds or 20 seconds, is selected, so that the main exhaust fan can be adjusted not only so frequently as not to influence the stability of the system, but also the change of the smoke components in the large flue of the sintering machine can be known in time, and the main exhaust fan can be adjusted in time.
In this embodiment, the detecting the smoke components in the unit volume of the smoke in the large flue according to the preset time interval means that the subsequent step S305 is started according to the preset time interval after the smoke components are collected, instead of immediately starting the subsequent step S305 every time the smoke components are collected.
Thus, dynamically adjusting the detection interval may be accomplished by: the smoke components are collected at a smaller time interval, if the difference between the two adjacent collected values is smaller than a set value, for example, 5% (the set value is determined by parameters such as the adjustment accuracy of the main exhaust fan and the system stability during the system design, which are not described herein), a longer time interval, for example, 10 seconds or 20 seconds, is selected, and the subsequent step S305 is started, otherwise, a shorter time interval, for example, 1 second or 0.5 second, is selected, and the subsequent step S305 is started. In another example, the time interval for starting the subsequent step S305 is dependent on the magnitude of the difference between the two adjacent acquired values, the larger the magnitude, the shorter the time interval for starting the subsequent step S305, otherwise, the longer the time interval for starting the subsequent step S305. In view of such a manner of determining the time interval and its easy implementation, it is not described herein in detail.
S305: and determining the amount of oxygen participating in the reaction by using the smoke components, and calculating the difference value of the amount of oxygen participating in the reaction after detecting the smoke components twice.
S306: and judging whether the difference value of the oxygen amount participating in the reaction is larger than a preset value or not.
When the judgment result is greater than the threshold value, executing step S307; otherwise, step S308 is executed.
S307: and calculating the effective wind rate of each wind box by using the current detection result.
When the difference value of the two adjacent detection results is greater than the preset value, the current system working state is unstable, and the air quantity of the main exhaust fan needs to be adjusted by using the latest detected smoke components as the adjusting basis, so that in the step, the effective air rate of each air box is calculated by using the current detection result (namely the latest smoke component data of the large flue). After which step S309 is performed.
S308: and calculating the effective air rate of each air box according to the average value of the oxygen amount participating in the reaction determined after the smoke components are detected twice.
When the difference value of the two adjacent detection results is smaller than or equal to the preset value, the current system working state is relatively stable. In addition, in order to avoid the influence of a certain detection error on the sintering process, the average value of the two adjacent detection results is used as the basis for subsequently calculating the target air volume of the large flue. After which step S309 is performed.
S309: and calculating the target air volume of the large flue.
And S310, sending the target air volume of the large flue to a main exhaust fan controller as an adjusting parameter.
In the embodiment of the present application, steps S309 to S310 correspond to steps S206 to S207 in the first embodiment one to one, and the detailed description may refer to the description of steps S206 to S207 in the above embodiment, which is not repeated herein.
In another embodiment based on the second embodiment, specifically, between step S309 and step S310 of the second embodiment, the following steps are further included:
s1, detecting the current air volume of the large flue;
s2, calculating the difference value between the current air volume of the large flue and the target air volume of the large flue;
s3, judging whether the difference is larger than or equal to a set threshold, if so, executing S310, otherwise, executing step S4;
and S4, sending the large flue target air volume as an adjusting parameter to an air box valve controller, and adjusting the opening of an air box valve by the air box valve controller to enable the large flue effective air volume to be equal to the large flue target air volume before valve adjustment.
Example three:
this embodiment refers to the flow shown in fig. 4. Referring to fig. 4, steps S401 to S406 are equivalent to steps S201 to S206 in the first embodiment, and for the detailed description of steps S401 to S406, reference may be made to the description of steps S201 to S206 in the first embodiment, which is not repeated herein.
S407: and calculating the difference value of the target air volume of the large flue obtained by two adjacent calculations.
S408: and judging whether the difference value is larger than a preset value or not.
When the judgment result is greater than the threshold value, executing step S409; otherwise, step S410 is performed.
S409: and taking the target air volume of the large flue obtained by current calculation as an adjusting parameter.
S410: and taking the average value of the target air volume of the large flue obtained by two adjacent calculations as an adjusting parameter.
S411: the adjustment parameters are sent to a main blower controller.
When the target air volume of the large flue obtained by two adjacent calculations is larger than a preset value, the current system working state is unstable, and the newly calculated target air volume of the large flue is used for adjusting the air volume of the main exhaust fan.
When the target air volume of the large flue obtained by two adjacent times of calculation is smaller than or equal to a preset value, the working state of the current system is relatively stable, and in order to avoid the influence of a certain detection error on the sintering process, the frequency of the main exhaust fan is controlled by adopting the mean value of the target air volume of the large flue obtained by two adjacent times of calculation so as to keep the air volume of the main exhaust fan relatively constant.
In another embodiment based on the third embodiment, specifically, after the determination in step S408 of the third embodiment is completed and before step S411, the method further includes the following steps:
s1, detecting the current air volume of the large flue;
s2, calculating the difference value between the current air volume of the large flue and the target air volume of the large flue;
s3, judging whether the difference is larger than or equal to a set threshold value, if so, executing S411, otherwise, executing step S4;
and S4, sending the large flue target air volume as an adjusting parameter to an air box valve controller, and adjusting the opening of an air box valve by the air box valve controller to enable the large flue effective air volume to be equal to the large flue target air volume before valve adjustment.
Example four:
the embodiment provides a sintering machine main exhaust fan air volume control system.
As shown in fig. 5, the system includes: a material layer measuring unit 51, a vertical sintering speed calculating unit 52, an effective air volume determining unit 53, a smoke component detecting unit 54, an effective air rate calculating unit 55, an air volume calculating unit 56, and a control unit 57, wherein,
the material layer measuring unit 51 is used for measuring the material layer thickness of the material on the sintering trolley. During measurement, a detection probe is arranged below the sintering machine trolley material distributor, and the material layer measuring unit 51 controls data detected by the detection probe. In addition, the material layer measuring unit 51 can also be connected with a control device of the material distributor, and the material layer thickness can be calculated by detecting the material distribution amount of the material distributor in unit time.
The vertical sintering speed calculation unit 52 is used to calculate the vertical sintering speed of the material layer using the known trolley speed, the known sintering end point and the material layer thickness.
The effective air volume determining unit 53 is for determining the effective air volume of each windbox using the relationship between the effective air volume and the vertical sintering speed.
By using the smoke component detection probe provided in the large flue of the sintering machine, the smoke component detection unit 54 can detect the smoke component in the large flue by using the smoke component detection probe. In the embodiment of the present application, the smoke component detected by the smoke component detecting unit 54 is O in a unit volume of gas2、CO、CO2、N2、NO、NO2The content of (a).
And the effective air rate calculating unit 55 is configured to calculate an effective air rate of each air box of the current sintering machine according to the detection result of the smoke component detecting unit 54. The effective wind rate calculation unit 55 calculates the effective wind rates of all windboxes according to equations (4) and (5) in the first embodiment.
The air volume calculating unit 56 is used for calculating the large flue target air volume. In this embodiment, the target large flue air volume is equal to the sum of the air volumes of the air boxes, and the air volume of each air box is equal to the effective air volume divided by the effective air rate.
The control unit 57 is configured to send the calculated large flue target air volume as an adjustment parameter to the main exhaust fan controller, where the main exhaust fan controller adjusts the frequency of the main exhaust fan to change to a target frequency, and the target frequency is equal to the frequency corresponding to the large flue target air volume.
In addition, when the large flue has air leakage, the air volume of the main exhaust fan is equal to the sum of the target air volume of the large flue and the air volume of the duct air leakage, so that the sum of the target air volume of the large flue and the air volume of the duct air leakage needs to be used as a regulating parameter to be sent to the main exhaust fan controller. The pipeline air leakage amount can be obtained in advance through experiments in practical application and then stored in the system in advance.
Compared with the prior art, this system that this application embodiment provided, no matter what reason leads to bed of material thickness to change, only need know current bed of material thickness, can be automatically, accurately with the air regulation of main air exhauster to with current bed of material thickness assorted degree, and then under the prerequisite of guaranteeing sintering quality, reduce the main air exhauster of sintering in-process and the energy consumption that the system load mismatching leads to.
Example five:
in the present embodiment, the smoke component detection unit 54 detects smoke components in the large flue at preset time intervals at the time of detection.
As shown in fig. 6, compared with the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the air volume control system of the main exhaust fan of the sintering machine provided in this embodiment further includes:
the oxygen amount determining unit 61 is connected with the smoke component detecting unit 54 and is used for determining the amount of oxygen participating in the reaction by using the smoke components;
the oxygen amount difference calculation unit 62 is configured to calculate a difference between the amounts of oxygen participating in the reaction after two adjacent smoke components are detected;
and an oxygen amount difference determining unit 63, connected to the effective air rate calculating unit 55, for determining whether the difference of the amounts of oxygen participating in the reaction determined by the oxygen amount determining unit 61 is greater than a preset value.
When the judgment result is greater than the threshold value, the effective wind rate calculation unit 55 calculates the effective wind rate of each bellows by using the current detection result; when the average value is less than or equal to the predetermined value, the effective wind rate calculation unit 55 calculates the effective wind rate of each windbox based on the average value of the results of the two adjacent detections.
In other embodiments based on the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment, the following units (not shown in fig. 5 and 6) are further included between the air volume calculating unit 56 and the control unit 57:
the air quantity measuring unit is used for detecting the current air quantity of the large flue;
the judgment unit is used for calculating the difference value between the current air volume of the large flue and the target air volume of the large flue and judging whether the difference value is larger than or equal to a set threshold value.
If the difference is greater than or equal to the set threshold, the control unit 57 is instructed to send the calculated large flue target air volume as an adjusting parameter to the main exhaust fan controller; otherwise, the instruction control unit 57 sends the large flue target air volume as an adjustment parameter to the air box valve controller, and the air box valve controller adjusts the opening of the air box valve to make the large flue effective air volume equal to the large flue target air volume effective air volume before valve adjustment.
The control unit 57 in the present embodiment has been changed as compared with the control unit 57 in the fourth and fifth embodiments.
Example six:
in the present embodiment, the smoke component detection unit 54 detects smoke components in the large flue at set time intervals at the time of detection.
As shown in fig. 7, compared with the embodiment shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment further includes:
the air volume difference calculating unit 71 is used for calculating the difference of the target air volume of the large flue obtained by two adjacent calculations;
and the air volume difference value judging unit 72 is connected with the control unit 57 and is used for judging whether the difference value of the target air volume of the large flue calculated by the air volume difference value calculating unit 71 is larger than a preset value or not.
And the adjusting parameter determining unit 73 is configured to, when the determination result is greater than the preset threshold, use the currently calculated large flue target air volume as an adjusting parameter, and when the determination result is less than or equal to the preset threshold, use the average value of the large flue target air volumes calculated in two adjacent times as an adjusting parameter.
Finally, the control unit 57 sends the determined control parameters to the main blower controller.
In another embodiment based on the sixth embodiment, the following units (not shown in fig. 7) are further included between the air volume difference value judging unit 72 and the control unit 57:
the air quantity measuring unit is used for detecting the current air quantity of the large flue;
the judgment unit is used for calculating the difference value between the current air volume of the large flue and the target air volume of the large flue, judging whether the difference value is larger than or equal to a set threshold value or not, and if the difference value is larger than or equal to the set threshold value, indicating the control unit 57 to send the calculated target air volume of the large flue to the main exhaust fan controller as an adjusting parameter; otherwise, the control unit 57 is instructed to send the large flue target air volume as an adjustment parameter to the air box valve controller, and the air box valve controller adjusts the opening of the air box valve to make the large flue effective air volume equal to the large flue target air volume effective air volume before valve adjustment.
The control unit 57 in the present embodiment has been changed as compared with the control unit 57 in the sixth embodiment.
The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or realize the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A sintering machine main exhaust fan air volume control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
measuring the material bed thickness of the materials on the sintering trolley, calculating the vertical sintering speed of the materials by using the known trolley speed, the known sintering end point and the material bed thickness, and determining the effective air volume of each air box by using the relation between the effective air volume and the vertical sintering speed;
detecting smoke components of a large flue;
calculating the effective air rate of each air box according to the detected smoke components; the effective air rate refers to the proportion of effective air volume participating in a sintering reaction in the sintering process;
calculating a large flue target air volume which is equal to the sum of the air volumes of all the air boxes, wherein the air volume of each air box is equal to the effective air volume of the air box divided by the effective air rate;
and sending the target air volume of the large flue to a main exhaust fan controller as an adjusting parameter, wherein the main exhaust fan controller adjusts the frequency of the main exhaust fan to change towards a target frequency, and the target frequency is equal to the frequency corresponding to the target air volume of the large flue.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
detecting the material layer thickness of the material below the material distributor of the sintering pallet according to a preset time interval;
or,
detecting the material quantity of the sintering machine according to a preset time interval, calculating a calculated material layer thickness value corresponding to the material quantity, and determining the material layer thickness corresponding to the calculated material layer thickness value according to a known thickness adjusting grade.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein:
and periodically detecting the smoke components in the smoke of unit volume in the large flue.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
determining the amount of oxygen participating in the reaction by using the smoke components;
calculating the smoke components detected twice and determining to obtain the difference value of the oxygen quantity participating in the reaction;
judging whether the difference value of the oxygen quantity participating in the reaction is larger than a preset value or not;
if the effective air rate is larger than the preset effective air rate, calculating the effective air rate of each air box by using the determined oxygen quantity participating in the reaction after the current smoke components are detected, otherwise, calculating the effective air rate of each air box according to the average value of the determined oxygen quantity participating in the reaction after the smoke components are detected twice.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
calculating the difference value of the target air volume of the large flue obtained by two adjacent calculations;
judging whether the difference value of the large flue target air volume is larger than a preset large flue target air volume difference value or not;
if the current large flue target air volume is larger than the preset air volume, determining the current large flue target air volume as an adjusting parameter, otherwise, determining the average value of the large flue target air volumes obtained by two adjacent times of calculation as the adjusting parameter;
and sending the adjusting parameters to the main exhaust fan controller.
6. The method of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, further comprising:
detecting the current air volume of the large flue;
calculating the difference value between the current air volume of the large flue and the target air volume of the large flue;
if the difference value of the current air volume of the big flue and the target air volume of the big flue is larger than or equal to the set threshold value, the target air volume of the big flue is sent to the main exhaust fan controller as an adjusting parameter, otherwise, the target air volume of the big flue is sent to the air box valve controller as an adjusting parameter, the air box valve controller adjusts the opening degree of the air box valve, so that the effective air volume of the big flue is equal to the corresponding effective air volume of the target air volume of the big flue before valve adjustment.
7. The utility model provides a sintering machine owner air exhauster air volume control system which characterized in that includes:
the material layer measuring unit is used for measuring the material layer thickness of the materials on the sintering trolley;
a vertical sintering speed calculation unit for calculating the vertical sintering speed of the material by using the known trolley speed, the known sintering end point and the material layer thickness;
an effective air volume determining unit for determining the effective air volume of each air box by using the relation between the effective air volume and the vertical sintering speed;
the smoke component detection unit is used for detecting smoke components in the large flue;
the effective air rate calculating unit is used for calculating the effective air rate of each air box according to the smoke components; the effective air rate refers to the proportion of effective air volume participating in a sintering reaction in the sintering process;
the air volume calculating unit is used for calculating a large flue target air volume which is equal to the sum of the air volumes of all the air boxes, and the air volume of each air box is equal to the effective air volume divided by the effective air rate;
and the control unit is used for sending the target air volume of the large flue to the main exhaust fan controller as an adjusting parameter, the controller adjusts the frequency of the main exhaust fan to change towards a target frequency, and the target frequency is equal to the frequency corresponding to the target air volume of the large flue.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the smoke component detection unit detects smoke components in a unit volume of smoke in the large flue at preset time intervals;
the system further comprises:
the oxygen amount determining unit is used for determining the amount of oxygen participating in the reaction by utilizing the smoke components;
the difference value calculating unit is used for calculating the difference value of the oxygen amount participating in the reaction after the smoke components are detected twice;
a difference value judging unit for judging whether the difference value of the oxygen amount participating in the reaction is larger than a preset value;
when the judgment result is larger than the judgment result, the effective air rate calculating unit calculates the effective air rate of each air box by using the amount of oxygen participating in the reaction, which is determined after the current smoke components are detected; otherwise, calculating the effective air rate of each air box according to the average value of the oxygen amount participating in the reaction determined after the smoke components are detected twice.
9. The system of claim 8,
the system further comprises:
the air quantity difference calculating unit is used for calculating the difference of the target air quantity of the large flue obtained by two adjacent times of calculation;
the air volume difference value judging unit is used for judging whether the difference value of the target air volume of the large flue calculated by the air volume difference value calculating unit is larger than the preset target air volume difference value of the large flue or not;
the adjusting parameter determining unit is used for determining the large flue target air volume obtained by current calculation as an adjusting parameter when the judgment result is greater than the preset value, and otherwise, determining the average value of the large flue target air volumes obtained by two adjacent calculations as an adjusting parameter;
and the control unit sends the determined adjusting parameters to the main exhaust fan controller.
10. The system of claim 9, further comprising:
the air quantity measuring unit is used for detecting the current air quantity of the large flue;
the judgment unit is used for calculating the difference value between the current air volume of the large flue and the target air volume of the large flue;
if the difference value of the current air volume of the big flue and the target air volume of the big flue is larger than or equal to the set threshold value, then the control unit sends the target air volume of the big flue as an adjusting parameter to the main exhaust fan controller, otherwise, the control unit sends the target air volume of the big flue as an adjusting parameter to the air box valve controller, the air box valve controller adjusts the opening degree of the air box valve, so that the effective air volume of the big flue is equal to the corresponding effective air volume of the target air volume of the big flue before the valve is adjusted.
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| JP6866822B2 (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2021-04-28 | 東芝三菱電機産業システム株式会社 | Air volume control device for sintered cooler equipment |
| CN108955261B (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2019-12-27 | 中冶华天南京工程技术有限公司 | Sintering machine air volume control method and system based on sound source characteristics |
| CN112169561B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2022-10-14 | 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 | Method for controlling smoke emission |
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| KR100406358B1 (en) * | 1996-12-05 | 2004-03-24 | 주식회사 포스코 | Flue gas recirculation type two story iron ore sintering method and flue gas recirculation type two story iron ore sintering apparatus |
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| CN101435711A (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2009-05-20 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Air leakage rate measuring method of sintering machine system |
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Effective date of registration: 20170522 Address after: 410000 No. 7 Festival Road, Changsha, Hunan, Yuelu District Co-patentee after: Hunan Changtian Automatic Control Engineering Co., Ltd. Patentee after: ZhongYe Changtian International Engineering Co., Ltd. Address before: Labor Road 410007 in Hunan province Changsha Yuhua District No. 1 Patentee before: ZhongYe Changtian International Engineering Co., Ltd. |