CN103033054B - Negative pressure control method and negative pressure control system for main exhaust fan of sintering machine - Google Patents
Negative pressure control method and negative pressure control system for main exhaust fan of sintering machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN103033054B CN103033054B CN201210579611.7A CN201210579611A CN103033054B CN 103033054 B CN103033054 B CN 103033054B CN 201210579611 A CN201210579611 A CN 201210579611A CN 103033054 B CN103033054 B CN 103033054B
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Abstract
The application discloses a negative pressure control method and a negative pressure control system for a main exhaust fan of a sintering machine. The method includes the following steps: the thickness of the material on a sintering pallet and the speed of a sintering pallet are measured, the vertical sintering speed of the material is calculated, and the effective air volume of each bellows is determined; the flue gas components of a large flue are detected; according to the detected flue gas components, the effective air rate of each bellows is calculated; material resistance corresponding to the material thickness is queried; target large flue negative pressure is calculated; the target large flue negative pressure as a regulating parameter is sent to a main exhaust fan controller, the main exhaust fan controller regulates the frequency of the main exhaust fan to change toward target frequency, and the target frequency is equal to the frequency corresponding to the target large flue negative pressure. After the material thickness or the speed of the sintering pallet is changed, the negative pressure of the main exhaust fan can be automatically and accurately regulated to match with the current material thickness and the speed of the sintering pallet, and under the premise of guaranteeing sintering quality, the energy consumption of the main exhaust fan can be reduced in the process of sintering.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to SINTERING TECHNOLOGY field, particularly relates to a kind of sintering machine main air exhauster negative pressure control method and system.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of modern industry, iron and steel production scale is increasing, and energy resource consumption is also more and more, and energy-conserving and environment-protective index more and more becomes the important investigation factor of steel manufacture process.In iron and steel is produced, iron-bearing material ore needs through sintering system processing before entering blast furnace process, namely, by various powdery iron-containing raw materials, allocate appropriate fuel and flux into, add appropriate water, after mixing and pelletizing, cloth is placed on roasting on pallet, makes it that series of physical chemical change occur, form the sintering deposit of easily smelting, this process is referred to as sintering.
Sintering system mainly comprises multiple equipment such as pallet, mixer, main exhauster, central cooler, its total technological process is shown in Figure 1: various raw materials are in proportioning room 1 proportioning, form mixed material, then entering mixer 2 mixes and pelletizing, pass through round roller batcher 3 and nine roller material distributing machine 4 by its uniformly dispersing formation bed of material on pallet 5, igniting blower fan 12 and the blower fan 11 of igniting are for material igniting beginning sintering process again.It is cooling that the sintering deposit obtaining after sintering completes enters central cooler 9 after single roll crusher 8 fragmentations, finally by delivering to blast furnace or finished product ore storage bin after the whole grain of screening.Wherein, the oxygen that sintering process needs is provided by main exhauster 10, pallet 5 belows are provided with multiple vertical bellows 6 side by side, the large flue (or claiming flue) 7 that bellows below is horizontal setting, large flue 7 is connected with main exhauster 10, the negative pressure wind that main exhauster 10 produces by large flue 7 and bellows 6 is through chassis, for sintering process provides combustion air.
In order to guarantee sintering quality, conventionally at initial stage of sintering, on the speed to pallet and pallet, material bed thickness is adjusted, make sintering end point (to be generally second-to-last bellows on pallet) in the fixed position setting in advance, once and determine that after sintering end point, speed and the thickness of feed layer of pallet are just determined.But in actual production process, due to the impact of the memory space factor of the market factor, raw material memory space factor and sintering deposit etc., need to adjust Sintering Yield and then regulate sintered material amount, need to adjust thickness of feed layer on car and the speed of chassis.
For the variation that adapts to thickness of feed layer and the machine speed impact on sintering quality, in existing sintering process, the main exhauster of sintering machine system turns round according to maximum design power, and this must cause too high power consumption and loss.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of sintering machine main air exhauster negative pressure control method and system, to reduce the energy consumption of main exhauster in sintering process.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the embodiment of the present application provides is as follows:
A kind of sintering machine main air exhauster negative pressure control method, comprising:
Measure thickness of feed layer and the machine speed of material on pallet, utilize known sintering end point, described thickness of feed layer and described machine speed to calculate the vertical sintering speed of material, and, utilize relation between effective wind rate and vertical sintering speed to determine the effective wind rate of each bellows;
Detect the smoke components of large flue;
The smoke components obtaining according to detection calculates effective wind rate of each bellows;
In the mapping table of known thickness of feed layer and bed of material resistance, search the bed of material resistance corresponding with described thickness of feed layer;
Calculate large flue target negative pressure;
Large flue target negative pressure=bed of material resistance * (the air quantity sums of all bellows)
2
Using described large flue target negative pressure as regulating parameter to send to main exhauster controller, the frequency that described main exhauster controller is adjusted main exhauster changes to target frequency, and described target frequency equals the corresponding frequency of large flue target negative pressure.
In another embodiment based on said method, also comprise the steps:
Detect the current negative pressure of large flue;
Calculate the difference of the current negative pressure of large flue and large flue target negative pressure;
If described difference is more than or equal to the threshold value of setting, using described large flue target negative pressure as regulating parameter to send to main exhauster controller, otherwise, using described large flue target negative pressure as regulating parameter to send to bellows valve positioner, described bellows valve positioner regulates the aperture of bellows valve, makes large flue effective wind rate equal the effective wind rate of described large flue target negative pressure before valve regulated.
The present invention also provides a kind of sintering machine main air exhauster vacuum control system, comprising:
Tachometric survey unit, for measuring the machine speed of sintering pallet;
Bed of material measuring unit, for measuring the thickness of feed layer of material on pallet;
Vertical sintering speed computing unit, for utilizing known sintering end point, described thickness of feed layer and described machine speed to calculate the vertical sintering speed of material;
Effective wind rate determining unit, for utilizing relation between effective wind rate and vertical sintering speed to determine the effective wind rate of each bellows;
Detection of exhaust gas compositions unit, for detection of the smoke components in large flue;
Effectively wind rate computing unit, for calculating effective wind rate of each bellows according to described smoke components;
Search unit, for the mapping table at known thickness of feed layer and bed of material resistance, search the bed of material resistance corresponding with described thickness of feed layer;
Negative pressure computing unit, for calculating large flue target negative pressure;
Large flue target negative pressure=bed of material resistance * (the air quantity sums of all bellows)
2
Control module, for large flue target negative pressure is sent to main exhauster controller as adjusting parameter, the frequency that described main exhauster controller is adjusted main exhauster changes to target frequency, and described target frequency equals the corresponding frequency of large flue target negative pressure.
From above technical scheme, this main exhauster negative pressure control method that the embodiment of the present application provides, the sintering pallet having set for sintering end point, by detecting thickness of feed layer and the machine speed on chassis, determine the effective wind rate required with thickness of feed layer, the corresponding each bellows of machine speed, in the time of sintering, by detecting the smoke components of current sintering machine large flue, can calculate effective wind rate of current each bellows, effectively wind rate refers to the shared ratio of effective wind rate that participates in sintering reaction in sintering process here.Calculate large flue target negative pressure according to effective wind rate and effective wind rate, and this large flue target negative pressure is sent to main exhauster controller, main exhauster controller just can regulate the frequency of main exhausting blower fan to change to target frequency, and target frequency equals the corresponding frequency of large flue target negative pressure here.
Compared with prior art, the method that the embodiment of the present application provides, whatsoever reason causes thickness of feed layer or machine speed to change, can be automatically, exactly the negative pressure of main exhauster is adjusted to current thickness of feed layer and machine speed and is matched, realize and guaranteeing, under the prerequisite of sintering quality, to reduce the energy consumption of main exhauster in sintering process.The method that the embodiment of the present invention provides, one ton of sintering deposit product of every production, can realize electric energy and save 15%, if the embodiment of the present invention is applied to the control of 180 square metres of sintering machines, compared with not adopting the solution of the present invention, the Spring Festival holidays are economized electric energy approximately 1,080 ten thousand degree, if the embodiment of the present invention is applied to the control of 360 square metres of sintering machines, compared with not adopting the solution of the present invention, the Spring Festival holidays are economized electric energy approximately 2,160 ten thousand degree, can bring monetary savings, reduce many economic and social benefits such as disposal of pollutants.
Of particular note, in sintering system, there is the equipment that is much mutually related, comparatively speaking, with the associated equipment of more miscellaneous equipment, can be called system equipment, as pallet, main exhauster etc.; And with the associated equipment of less equipment, can be called local devices, as air door of bellows, bellows etc.Obviously, regulating system equipment, as regulating platform vehicle speed, regulate and main take out frequency, regulate main exhausting door etc. larger to systematic influence; And adjusting local devices is less on the impact of system.Therefore, in sintering system, by local devices, but not by the adjusting of system equipment, system is exerted one's influence, be conducive to system stability and extension device life-span.Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, only have in the time that the difference of the current negative pressure of large flue and large flue target negative pressure is more than or equal to the threshold value of setting, using described large flue target negative pressure as regulating parameter to send to main exhauster controller, regulate the frequency of main exhauster to change to target frequency by described main exhauster controller, otherwise, in the time that the difference of the current negative pressure of large flue and large flue target negative pressure is less than or equal to the threshold value of setting, using described large flue target negative pressure as regulating parameter to send to bellows valve positioner, described bellows valve positioner regulates the aperture of bellows valve, make large flue effective wind rate equal the effective wind rate of described large flue target negative pressure before valve regulated.The embodiment of the present invention stabilizes to prerequisite to maintain machine speed and main exhauster frequency and main exhauster air door, in the time that air quantity changes greatly, regulate target by regulating main exhauster frequency to realize, and change hour at air quantity, regulate target by regulating the aperture of sintering bellows valve to realize, and then realize the vertical speed that regulates material sintering, thereby more accurate control sintering process and sintering end point.Visible, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of regulative mode that is conducive to system stability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, the accompanying drawing the following describes is only some embodiment that record in the application, for those of ordinary skills, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing sintering machine;
The flow chart of the sintering machine main air exhauster negative pressure control method that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present application one;
The flow chart of the sintering machine main air exhauster negative pressure control method that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present application two;
The flow chart of the sintering machine main air exhauster negative pressure control method that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present application three;
The structural representation of the sintering machine main air exhauster vacuum control system that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present application four;
The structural representation of the sintering machine main air exhauster vacuum control system that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present application five;
The structural representation of the sintering machine main air exhauster vacuum control system that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present application six.
The specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand better the technical scheme in the application, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present application, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the application's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skills are not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, all should belong to the scope of the application's protection.
In sintering system, load is usually expressed as various ways, as, inventory, thickness of feed layer, even, due to the relevance of equipment, an equipment may be the load of another associate device, for example machine speed may be just the load of main exhauster.In reality, have a lot of reasons, as equipment fault, design change, cause load variations or fluctuation, thereby change or affect the balance of sintering system and stablize, now, just need to change the duty of system relevant device, that is, carry out system adjusting, otherwise just there will be Sintering Yield not guarantee, or environmental pollution, invalid energy consume the problems such as excessive.
Embodiment mono-:
The flow chart of the main exhauster negative pressure control method that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present application one.
As shown in Figure 2, the method comprises:
S201: the thickness of feed layer of measuring material on pallet.
In the present embodiment, can adopt the method for direct-detection to measure the thickness of feed layer of material, discharge quantity that also can the indirect detection material distributing machine unit interval calculates the thickness of feed layer of material.Because the bed of material on sintering pallet is in sintering process, from sintering starting point to sintering end point, conventionally need 40 minutes even more, this causes detecting when thickness of feed layer, the closer to sintering end point, starts the time-lag effect that regulates larger.Therefore, in an embodiment, in the time adopting the method for direct-detection to measure thickness of feed layer, can select to be positioned on direct-detection sintering pallet the thickness of feed layer of material distributing machine below material.
S202: the machine speed of measuring pallet.
In the time measuring the machine speed of pallet, can obtain the chassis speed of service of setting in chassis control appliance, as machine speed, but in actual motion, due to reasons such as wearing and tearing or mechanical breakdowns, may cause the actual motion speed of chassis inconsistent with the setting speed of service, and then can affect the air quantity that regulates main exhauster.So in the present embodiment, installation rate sampling instrument on chassis, the actual motion speed of direct-detection chassis, as machine speed, to avoid due to chassis actual motion speed and the inconsistent adjusting affecting main exhausting amount of the setting speed of service.
In addition, can obtain the inventory of sintering machine, utilize formula (1) and the inventory detecting to determine thickness of feed layer calculated value h
the bed of material, (maintain the original speed of chassis, preferentially thickness of feed layer determined).
E=S
chassis* h
the bed of material* V
chassis* ρ/1000 (1)
Wherein: E is the sintered material amount of unit interval, and unit is t/min; S
chassisbe pallet width, unit is m; h
the bed of materialbe thickness of feed layer, unit is mm; V
chassispallet speed, m/min; ρ is sintering deposit density t/m
3.For the sintering machine of specific material, chassis width and material density are certain.
Because the adjustable range of thickness of feed layer is generally 660 ~ 750mm, and consider thickness of feed layer degree of regulation problem, when practical adjustments, thickness of feed layer is divided into multiple level of thickness, as shown in table 1, level of thickness is 10.
When calculate thickness of feed layer calculated value h according to inventory
the bed of materialafter, if 660mm≤h
the bed of material≤ 750mm, by this thickness of feed layer calculated value h
the bed of materialcorresponding level of thickness is as final thickness of feed layer H
the bed of material.
Table 1:
If thickness of feed layer calculated value h
the bed of material>750mm, maintains thickness of feed layer H
the bed of materialfor 750mm, determine pallet speed V according to formula (1)
chassis.
If thickness of feed layer calculated value h
the bed of material<660mm, maintains thickness of feed layer H
the bed of materialfor 660mm, determine pallet speed V according to formula (1)
chassis.
S203: the vertical sintering speed that calculates material.
When detecting after thickness of feed layer and machine speed, the chassis length parameter that coupling system is pre-stored, utilizes formula (2) can calculate material bed vertical sintering speed.
V
hang down=H
the bed of material/ (L/ V
chassis)=(H
the bed of material* V
chassis)/L (2)
Wherein, V
hang downfor vertical sintering speed (mm/min), H
the bed of materialfor thickness of feed layer (mm), L is known sintering end point (m), V
chassisfor machine speed (m/min).
S204: the effective wind rate that calculates each bellows.
In sintering process, effective wind rate refers to the shared air quantity of oxygen that participates in sintering reaction, when the required effective wind rate of material thorough roasting under known standard state, utilizes formula (3) just can obtain the effective wind rate of each bellows under standard state.
Q
there is mark=V
hang down* Q
t mark(3)
Wherein, Q
there is markfor the effective wind rate of each bellows under standard state, Q
t markfor fully required effective wind rate of material roasting under standard state.
S205: the smoke components that detects large flue.
In material bed sintering process, the oxygen in the air quantity that main exhauster can not produced be completely consumed, but only some oxygen participates in sintering reaction, so, can understand the oxygen situation of supplies consumption in sintering process by smoke components.In the present embodiment, detect using smoke from big gas duct composition, mainly detect O in unit volume flue gas
2, CO, CO
2, N
2, NO, NO
2content.
S206: the smoke components obtaining according to detection calculates effective wind rate of each bellows.
Because air enters in sintering reaction process, oxygen need participate in the reaction such as iron ore solid phase reaction and coke burning, and therefore the oxygen in air inlet is after sintering process, and the amount of its oxygen in flue gas can change; Because nitrogen does not participate in the solid phase reaction of iron ore, thus nitrogen after sintering process with NO, NO
2, N
2form exist, can Measurement accuracy in flue gas.
According to the constant law of material, the stable content of nitrogen and oxygen in air, like this according to nitrogen in flue gas amount and oxidized nitrogen amount, just can calculate the nitrogen that enters in large flue and the amount of oxygen, according to remaining oxygen amount in the flue gas recording, utilize formula (4) accurately to calculate and participate in reaction amount of oxygen simultaneously.
Wherein:
In air, in amount of oxygen/air, nitrogen amount is a constant; Oxidized nitrogen amount can by flue gas analyzer, detect NO, NO
2amount calculates; Nitrogen in flue gas amount also can be by detecting the N obtaining in flue gas analyzer
2amount calculates.
Therefore, can calculate and participate in reaction amount of oxygen.
Participate in, after reaction amount of oxygen, utilizing formula (5) when calculating, can calculate the effective wind rate of large flue K.
Wherein: K is the effective wind rate of large flue, in flue gas, remaining oxygen amount can be by detecting the O obtaining in flue gas analyzer
2amount calculates.
By the fume component analysis to large flue, can calculate effective wind rate of current each bellows.
In the present embodiment, the smoke components using the smoke components of large flue as each bellows, is in fact the average that obtains each bellows smoke components, thereby reduces the uncertainty impact that the physical characteristic difference of each bellows is brought, as leak out, bellows resistance etc.Therefore, in a further embodiment, also can detect the smoke components of each bellows, calculate according to this effective wind rate of each bellows, because this mode requires the flue gas inspection instrument quantity of use more, make system have more complexity, cost is also higher.
In addition, after step S205 can not limit and be positioned at as shown in Figure 1 step S204, and can also carry out with step S201, step S202 simultaneously, and can be after step S204 and step S206, execution step S207.
S207:: search bed of material resistance.
When thickness of feed layer equates, the material of different proportionings, corresponding bed of material resistance difference.And the material of identical proportioning, in the time that thickness of feed layer is unequal, corresponding bed of material resistance is not identical yet.So for the material of different proportionings, set up by experiment in advance Different layer of the compost thickness the relation table of corresponding bed of material resistance, to facilitate while actually employed, can from the relation table of setting up in advance, find corresponding bed of material resistance fast according to the proportioning of material, thickness of feed layer.
S208: calculate large flue target negative pressure.
By formula (6), can calculate large flue target negative pressure P
large flue..
P
large flue=S*Q
large flue 2(6)
Due to large flue air quantity Q
large flueequal the air quantity Q of all bellows
isum, so when calculating after the air quantity of each bellows, utilize formula (7), can calculate large flue air quantity Q
large flue.
Wherein, the 20th, the number of bellows on sintering machine in this example, Q
iit is the air quantity of i bellows.
And for each bellows, the air quantity Q of bellows
ican calculate according to formula (8).
Q
i=Q
there is mark/ K (8)
S209: using large flue target negative pressure as regulating parameter to send to main exhauster controller.
By above-mentioned steps, can obtain one for regulating the adjusting parameter P of main exhauster
large flueand this adjusting parameter is sent to main exhauster controller, regulate the frequency of main exhauster to change to target frequency by described main exhauster controller according to " frequency relation of target negative pressure parameter and main exhauster ", described target frequency equals the corresponding frequency values of large flue target negative pressure, to realize the air force of controlling main exhauster.
In addition, when large flue exists while leaking out, the negative pressure of main exhauster equals large flue target negative pressure and the pipeline negative pressure sum of leaking out, and now, the negative pressure sum of large flue target negative pressure and pipeline need to being leaked out sends to main exhauster controller as adjusting parameter.Pipeline leaks out and in the time that negative pressure variation is little, also changes not quite, and in actual applications, the pipeline negative pressure of leaking out can obtain in advance by experiment.
According to embodiment mono-, as long as change as thickness of feed layer or the machine speed of load, all need to regulate the frequency of main exhauster, the power consumption of main exhauster and the variation of load are adapted, thereby realize energy-conservation.But main exhauster, as system equipment, has a negative impact to the stability of whole sintering system to its adjusting meeting.Therefore, other embodiment based on described embodiment mono-provides an improved plan, this scheme is in load, be that thickness of feed layer and machine speed are while changing greatly, regulate main exhauster, and in load variations hour, regulate the valve opening of bellows, like this adjusting of the adjusting of main exhauster and valve opening is combined, in load variations hour, reach the effect of main exhauster frequency adjustment with the adjusting of valve opening, thereby realize the less energy-conservation regulation scheme of whole sintering system impact.
Specifically, (not shown in figure 1) between the step S208 of embodiment mono-and step S209, also comprises the steps:
S1, the current negative pressure of detection large flue;
The difference of S2, the calculating current negative pressure of large flue and large flue target negative pressure;
S3, judge whether described difference is more than or equal to the threshold value of setting, if described difference is more than or equal to the threshold value of setting, carry out S209, otherwise, execution step S4;
S4, using described large flue target negative pressure as regulating parameter to send to bellows valve positioner, described bellows valve positioner regulates the aperture of bellows valve, makes large flue effective wind rate equal the effective wind rate of described large flue target negative pressure before valve regulated.
In sintering system, the validity of negative pressure reduces along with the increase of negative pressure, otherwise increases along with the minimizing of negative pressure.For example, bed of material resistance is along with the sintering process duration is longer and more and more less, the reducing of bed of material resistance makes the air quantity by the bed of material increasing, the effective wind (being the oxygen containing in wind) that participates in sintering is fewer and feweri, corresponding negative pressure validity is also just more and more less, now, and by regulating bellows valve openings (closing), suitably increase bellows negative pressure, be just conducive to the air quantity of remaining valid.
The effect of step S3 is, judge the variation size of load, to determine to regulate main exhauster or controlling opening of valve, determine in other words the selection of regulating measure, so that in the time that load variations is little, replace the adjusting to main exhauster by the adjusting to valve, thereby make to regulate as far as possible little on the impact of sintering system.
The effect of step S4 is, determines that the aperture change of valve greatly still diminishes.In the time obtaining large flue target negative pressure, the variation that load is described needs system effective wind rate corresponding to described large flue target negative pressure to provide, this effective wind rate is before valve regulated, be can calculate under current valve state,, current effective wind rate is multiplied by described large flue target negative pressure, therefore, the target that valve opening regulates, makes large flue effective wind rate equal the effective wind rate of described large flue target negative pressure before valve regulated exactly.Wherein, the large flue target negative pressure that large flue effective wind rate can obtain by detection and effectively wind rate calculate.In view of those skilled in the art can realize this scheme according to the indication of the present embodiment, do not repeat them here.
Embodiment bis-:
The flow chart of the main exhauster negative pressure control method that Fig. 3 provides for embodiment bis-.
Shown in Fig. 3, step S301 ~ S304 is equivalent to step S201 ~ S204 in embodiment mono-, can, referring to the description to step S201 ~ S204 in above-described embodiment one, not repeat them here about the detailed description of step S301 ~ S304.
S305: according to the smoke components in unit volume flue gas in the time interval detection large flue setting in advance.
Here,, in the present embodiment, the smoke components in large flue in unit volume flue gas is O in unit volume flue gas
2, CO, CO
2, N
2, NO, NO
2content.In the time detecting using smoke from big gas duct composition, according to the time interval detection using smoke from big gas duct composition setting in advance, can make to detect the more variation of adaptive system load.For example, work as system load, if thickness of feed layer or machine speed are when unstable, select the shorter time interval, as 1 second or 0.5 second, and in the time that system load is stablized, select the longer time interval, as 10 seconds or 20 seconds, so both can make the adjusting of main exhauster be unlikely to too frequent and affect the stable of system, the smoke components that can understand in time again in sintering machine large flue changes, and regulates in time main exhauster.
In the present embodiment, the described time interval according to setting in advance is detected the smoke components in unit volume flue gas in large flue, refer to and collect after described smoke components, start subsequent step S305 according to time interval of setting in advance, rather than often collect a smoke components and just start immediately subsequent step S305.
Therefore, dynamic adjustments interval detection time can be realized like this: gather described smoke components with the less time interval, if the difference of the collection value of adjacent twice is less than the value of setting, for example this setting value of 5%(is in the time of system, the parameter such as degree of regulation and the stability of a system by main exhauster determines, this does not repeat), select the longer time interval, as 10 seconds or 20 seconds, start subsequent step S305, otherwise, the shorter time interval selected, as 1 second or 0.5 second, start subsequent step S305.In other example, start the time interval of subsequent step S305, depend on the amplitude of the difference of the collection value of adjacent twice, described amplitude is larger, and the time interval that starts subsequent step S305 is shorter, otherwise the time interval that starts subsequent step S305 is longer.In view of determining like this time-interval system and easily realizing, do not repeat them here.
S306: utilize described smoke components to determine and participate in reaction amount of oxygen, and determine the difference that obtains participating in reaction amount of oxygen after calculating adjacent twice detection smoke components.
S307: judge whether the difference that participates in reaction amount of oxygen is greater than the value of setting in advance.
When judged result is when being greater than, execution step S308; Otherwise execution step S309.
S308: utilize current detection result to calculate effective wind rate of each bellows.
In the time that the difference of adjacent twice testing result is greater than the value of setting in advance, represent current system unstable working condition, need to utilize the up-to-date smoke components detecting as regulating according to the air quantity that removes to regulate main exhauster, so, in this step, utilize current detection result (being the up-to-date smoke components data of large flue) to go to calculate effective wind rate of each bellows.After this step, perform step S310.
S309: determine the effective wind rate that obtains the each bellows of mean value computation that participate in reaction amount of oxygen after detecting smoke components according to adjacent twice.。
In the time that the difference of adjacent twice testing result is less than or equal to the value of setting in advance, mean that current system duty is relatively stable.In addition, for fear of certain impact of one-time detection error on sintering process, adopt the average of adjacent twice testing result, as the foundation of subsequent calculations large flue target negative pressure.After this step, perform step S310.
S310: calculate large flue target negative pressure.
S311 is using large flue target negative pressure as regulating parameter to send to main exhauster controller.
In the embodiment of the present application, step S310 ~ S311 is corresponding one by one with step S206 ~ S207 in embodiment mono-, detailed description can with reference in above-described embodiment about the description of step S206 ~ S207, do not repeat them here.
In the other embodiment based on described embodiment bis-, specifically, between the step S310 and step S311 of embodiment bis-, also comprise the steps:
S1, the current negative pressure of detection large flue;
The difference of S2, the calculating current negative pressure of large flue and large flue target negative pressure;
S3, judge whether described difference is more than or equal to the threshold value of setting, if described difference is more than or equal to the threshold value of setting, carry out S311, otherwise, execution step S4;
S4, using described large flue target negative pressure as regulating parameter to send to bellows valve positioner, described bellows valve positioner regulates the aperture of bellows valve, makes large flue effective wind rate equal the effective wind rate of described large flue target negative pressure before valve regulated.
Embodiment tri-:
The present embodiment is with reference to flow process shown in figure 4.Shown in Fig. 4, step S401 ~ S407 is equivalent to step S201 ~ S207 in embodiment mono-, can, referring to the description to step S201 ~ S207 in above-described embodiment one, not repeat them here about the detailed description of step S401 ~ S407.
S408: the difference of the large flue target negative pressure that calculating twice adjacent calculation obtains.
S409: judge whether described difference is greater than the value setting in advance.
When judged result is when being greater than, execution step S410; Otherwise execution step S411.
S410: using the current large flue target negative pressure calculating as regulating parameter.
S411: the average of the large flue target negative pressure that twice adjacent calculation is obtained is as regulating parameter.
S412: adjusting parameter is sent to main exhauster controller.
When the large flue target negative pressure obtaining when twice adjacent calculation is greater than the value of setting in advance, represent current system unstable working condition, at this moment will utilize latest computed to large flue target negative pressure remove to regulate the air quantity of main exhauster.
When the large flue target negative pressure obtaining when twice adjacent calculation is less than or equal to the value of setting in advance, mean that current system duty is relatively stable, for avoiding certain one-time detection error impact on sintering process, the average that adopts twice adjacent calculation to obtain large flue target negative pressure is controlled the frequency of main exhauster, to keep the air quantity of main exhauster comparatively constant.
In the other embodiment based on described embodiment tri-, specifically, after the judgement of the step S408 of embodiment tri-completes, before step S412, also comprise the steps:
S1, the current negative pressure of detection large flue;
The difference of S2, the calculating current negative pressure of large flue and large flue target negative pressure;
S3, judge whether described difference is more than or equal to the threshold value of setting, if described difference is more than or equal to the threshold value of setting, carry out S412, otherwise, execution step S4;
S4, using described large flue target negative pressure as regulating parameter to send to bellows valve positioner, described bellows valve positioner regulates the aperture of bellows valve, makes large flue effective wind rate equal the effective wind rate of described large flue target negative pressure before valve regulated.
Embodiment tetra-:
The present embodiment provides a kind of sintering machine main air exhauster vacuum control system.
As shown in Figure 5, this system comprises: tachometric survey unit 51, bed of material measuring unit 52, vertical sintering speed computing unit 53, effective wind rate determining unit 54, detection of exhaust gas compositions unit 55, effectively wind rate computing unit 56, look for unit 57, negative pressure computing unit 58 and control module 59, wherein
Bed of material measuring unit 52 is for measuring the thickness of feed layer of material on pallet.In the present embodiment, below sintering pallet material distributing machine, detection probe is set, bed of material measuring unit 52 is controlled the data that detection probe detects.In addition, bed of material measuring unit 52 can also be connected with the control appliance of material distributing machine, calculates thickness of feed layer by the cloth amount that detects the material distributing machine unit interval.
Vertical sintering speed computing unit 53 is for utilizing known sintering end point, described machine speed and described thickness of feed layer to calculate material bed vertical sintering speed.
Effective wind rate determining unit 54 is for utilizing relation between effective wind rate and vertical sintering speed to determine the effective wind rate of each bellows.
The detection of exhaust gas compositions probe arranging in the large flue of sintering machine, can pop one's head in by detection of exhaust gas compositions in detection of exhaust gas compositions unit 55 like this, detects the smoke components in large flue.In the embodiment of the present application, the smoke components that detection of exhaust gas compositions unit 55 detects refers to the O in unit volume gas
2, CO, CO
2, N
2, NO, NO
2content.
Effectively wind rate computing unit 56 is for utilizing the testing result of described detection of exhaust gas compositions unit 55 to calculate effective wind rate of the each bellows of current sintering machine.Effectively wind rate computing unit 56, calculates effective wind rate of all bellows according to formula (4) and (5) in embodiment mono-.
When thickness of feed layer equates, the material of different proportionings, corresponding bed of material resistance difference.And the material of identical proportioning, in the time that thickness of feed layer is unequal, corresponding bed of material resistance is not identical yet.So for the material of different proportionings, set up by experiment in advance Different layer of the compost thickness the relation table of corresponding bed of material resistance, to facilitate while actually employed, can from the relation table of setting up in advance, find corresponding bed of material resistance fast according to the proportioning of material, thickness of feed layer.
Negative pressure computing unit 58 is for calculating large flue target negative pressure.In the present embodiment, utilize formula (6), (7) and (8) in embodiment mono-, can calculate the target negative pressure of large flue.
In addition, when large flue exists while leaking out, the air quantity of main exhauster equals large flue target negative pressure and the pipeline air quantity sum of leaking out, and therefore, the air quantity sum of large flue target negative pressure and pipeline need to being leaked out sends to main exhauster controller as adjusting parameter.Described pipeline leaks out and in the time that negative pressure variation is little, also changes not quite, and in actual applications, the pipeline air quantity that leaks out can obtain in advance by experiment, then pre-stored in system.
Compared with prior art, this system that the embodiment of the present application provides, whatsoever reason causes thickness of feed layer or machine speed to change, all can automatically, exactly the negative pressure of main exhauster be adjusted to the degree matching with current thickness of feed layer and machine speed, and then guaranteeing under the prerequisite of sintering quality, reduce main exhauster in sintering process and do not mate with system load the energy consumption causing.
Embodiment five:
In the present embodiment, detection of exhaust gas compositions unit 55 is in the time detecting, according to the smoke components in the time interval detection large flue of setting.
As shown in Figure 6, this sintering machine main air exhauster vacuum control system that the present embodiment provides, compared with embodiment illustrated in fig. 5, also comprises:
Amount of oxygen determining unit 61, is connected with detection of exhaust gas compositions unit 55, participates in reaction amount of oxygen for utilizing described smoke components to determine;
Amount of oxygen difference computational unit 62 is determined the difference that obtains participating in reaction amount of oxygen after calculating adjacent twice detection smoke components;
Amount of oxygen difference judging unit 63, is connected with described effective wind rate computing unit 56, for judging whether the definite difference that obtains participation reaction amount of oxygen of described amount of oxygen determining unit 61 is greater than the value of setting in advance.
When judged result is when being greater than, effectively wind rate computing unit 56 utilizes current detection result to calculate effective wind rate of the each bellows of current sintering machine; When being less than or equal to, effectively wind rate computing unit 56 is according to effective wind rate of the each bellows of the current sintering machine of the mean value computation of adjacent twice testing result.
In other embodiment based on embodiment tetra-and embodiment five, between negative pressure computing unit 58 and control module 59, also comprise following unit (not drawing in Fig. 5, Fig. 6):
Negative pressure measuring unit, for detection of the current negative pressure of large flue;
The difference of judging unit, the calculating current negative pressure of large flue and large flue target negative pressure, and, judge whether described difference is more than or equal to the threshold value of setting, if described difference is more than or equal to the threshold value of setting, indicate control module 59, using the large flue target negative pressure calculating as regulating parameter to send to main exhauster controller; Otherwise, indication control module 59, using described large flue target negative pressure as regulating parameter to send to bellows valve positioner, described bellows valve positioner regulates the aperture of bellows valve, makes large flue effective wind rate equal the effective wind rate of described large flue target negative pressure before valve regulated.
Embodiment six:
In the present embodiment, detection of exhaust gas compositions unit 55 is in the time detecting, according to the smoke components in the time interval detection large flue of setting.
As shown in Figure 7, the present embodiment, compared with embodiment illustrated in fig. 6, also comprises:
Negative pressure difference computational unit 71, for calculating the difference of the large flue target negative pressure that twice adjacent calculation obtains;
Negative pressure difference judging unit 72, is connected with described control module 59, whether is greater than for the difference that judges the large flue target negative pressure that negative pressure difference computational unit 71 calculates the value of setting in advance.
Regulate parameter determining unit 73, for when judged result is when being greater than, the current large flue target negative pressure calculating is defined as regulating parameter, and when judged result is when being less than or equal to, the average of the large flue target negative pressure that twice adjacent calculation is obtained is defined as regulating parameter.
Determined adjusting parameter is sent to main exhauster controller by last control module 59.
In other embodiment based on embodiment six, between negative pressure difference judging unit 72 and control module 59, also comprise following unit (not drawing in Fig. 7):
Negative pressure measuring unit, for detection of the current negative pressure of large flue;
The difference of judging unit, the calculating current negative pressure of large flue and large flue target negative pressure, and, judge whether described difference is more than or equal to the threshold value of setting, if described difference is more than or equal to the threshold value of setting, indicate control module 59, using the large flue target negative pressure calculating as regulating parameter to send to main exhauster controller; Otherwise, indication control module 59, using described large flue target negative pressure as regulating parameter to send to bellows valve positioner, described bellows valve positioner regulates the aperture of bellows valve, makes large flue effective wind rate equal the effective wind rate of described large flue target negative pressure before valve regulated.
The above is only the application's preferred embodiment, makes those skilled in the art can understand or realize the application.To be apparent to one skilled in the art to the multiple modification of these embodiment, General Principle as defined herein can, in the case of not departing from the application's spirit or scope, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the application will can not be restricted to these embodiment shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (10)
1. a sintering machine main air exhauster negative pressure control method, is characterized in that, comprising:
Measure thickness of feed layer and the machine speed of material on pallet, utilize known sintering end point, described thickness of feed layer and described machine speed to calculate the vertical sintering speed of material, and, utilize relation between effective wind rate and vertical sintering speed to determine the effective wind rate of each bellows;
Detect the smoke components of large flue;
The smoke components obtaining according to detection calculates effective wind rate of each bellows;
In the mapping table of known thickness of feed layer and bed of material resistance, search the bed of material resistance corresponding with described thickness of feed layer;
Calculate large flue target negative pressure;
Large flue target negative pressure=bed of material resistance * (the air quantity sums of all bellows)
2,
Using described large flue target negative pressure as regulating parameter to send to main exhauster controller, the frequency that described main exhauster controller is adjusted main exhauster changes to target frequency, and described target frequency equals the corresponding frequency of large flue target negative pressure.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Be positioned at the thickness of feed layer of material distributing machine below material according to the time interval detection sintering pallet setting in advance, and, the machine speed of setting in sintering pallet control appliance obtained according to the time interval setting in advance;
Or,
Obtain the machine speed of setting in sintering pallet control appliance according to the time interval setting in advance, and, obtain the inventory of sintering machine according to the time interval setting in advance, calculate the thickness of feed layer calculated value corresponding with described inventory, regulate the classification thickness of feed layer corresponding with described thickness of feed layer calculated value according to known thickness.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
Periodically detect the smoke components in unit volume flue gas in large flue.
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Utilize described smoke components to determine participation reaction amount of oxygen in flue gas;
After calculating adjacent twice detection smoke components, determine the difference that obtains participating in reaction amount of oxygen;
Whether the difference that judges described participation reaction amount of oxygen is greater than the value of setting in advance;
If be greater than, after utilizing current detection smoke components, determine that the participation reaction amount of oxygen obtaining calculates effective wind rate of each bellows, otherwise, according to determining the effective wind rate that obtains the each bellows of mean value computation that participate in reaction amount of oxygen after adjacent twice detection smoke components.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, also comprises:
The difference of the large flue target negative pressure that calculating twice adjacent calculation obtains;
Whether the difference that judges described large flue target negative pressure is greater than the value of setting in advance;
If be greater than, the current large flue target negative pressure calculating is defined as regulating parameter, otherwise the average of the large flue target negative pressure that twice adjacent calculation is obtained is defined as regulating parameter;
Described adjusting parameter is sent to main exhauster controller.
6. according to the method described in claim 1,2,3,4 or 5, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
Detect the current negative pressure of large flue;
Calculate the difference of the current negative pressure of large flue and large flue target negative pressure;
If described difference is more than or equal to the threshold value of setting, using described large flue target negative pressure as regulating parameter to send to main exhauster controller, otherwise, using described large flue target negative pressure as regulating parameter to send to bellows valve positioner, described bellows valve positioner regulates the aperture of bellows valve, makes large flue effective wind rate equal the effective wind rate of described large flue target negative pressure before valve regulated.
7. a sintering machine main air exhauster vacuum control system, is characterized in that, comprising:
Tachometric survey unit, for measuring the machine speed of sintering pallet;
Bed of material measuring unit, for measuring the thickness of feed layer of material on pallet;
Vertical sintering speed computing unit, for utilizing known sintering end point, described thickness of feed layer and described machine speed to calculate the vertical sintering speed of material;
Effective wind rate determining unit, for utilizing relation between effective wind rate and vertical sintering speed to determine the effective wind rate of each bellows;
Detection of exhaust gas compositions unit, for detection of the smoke components in large flue;
Effectively wind rate computing unit, for calculating effective wind rate of each bellows according to described smoke components;
Search unit, for the mapping table at known thickness of feed layer and bed of material resistance, search the bed of material resistance corresponding with described thickness of feed layer;
Negative pressure computing unit, for calculating large flue target negative pressure;
Large flue target negative pressure=bed of material resistance * (the air quantity sums of all bellows)
2,
Control module, for large flue target negative pressure is sent to main exhauster controller as adjusting parameter, the frequency that described main exhauster controller is adjusted main exhauster changes to target frequency, and described target frequency equals the corresponding frequency of large flue target negative pressure.
8. system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described detection of exhaust gas compositions unit detects the smoke components in unit volume flue gas in large flue according to the time interval setting in advance;
This system further comprises:
Amount of oxygen determining unit, participates in reaction amount of oxygen for utilizing described smoke components to determine;
Difference computational unit is determined the difference that obtains participating in reaction amount of oxygen after calculating adjacent twice detection smoke components;
Whether difference judging unit, be greater than for the difference that judges described participation reaction amount of oxygen the value of setting in advance;
When judged result is when being greater than, described effective wind rate computing unit determines that the participation reaction amount of oxygen obtaining calculates effective wind rate of each bellows after utilizing current detection smoke components; Otherwise, according to determining the effective wind rate that obtains the each bellows of mean value computation that participate in reaction amount of oxygen after adjacent twice detection smoke components.
9. system according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described detection of exhaust gas compositions unit detects the smoke components in unit volume flue gas in large flue according to the time interval setting in advance;
This system further comprises:
Negative pressure difference computational unit, for calculating the difference of the large flue target negative pressure that twice adjacent calculation obtains;
Whether negative pressure difference judging unit, be greater than for the difference that judges the large flue target negative pressure that negative pressure difference computational unit calculates the value of setting in advance;
Regulate parameter determining unit, for when judged result is when being greater than, the current large flue target negative pressure calculating is defined as regulating parameter, otherwise the average of the large flue target negative pressure that twice adjacent calculation is obtained is defined as regulating parameter;
The described adjusting parameter of determining is sent to described main exhauster controller by described control module.
10. system according to claim 9, is characterized in that, this system further comprises:
Negative pressure measuring unit, for detection of the current negative pressure of large flue
Judging unit, for calculating the difference of the current negative pressure of large flue and large flue target negative pressure;
If described difference is more than or equal to the threshold value of setting, described control module is using described large flue target negative pressure as regulating parameter to send to main exhauster controller, otherwise, described control module is using described large flue target negative pressure as regulating parameter to send to bellows valve positioner, described bellows valve positioner regulates the aperture of bellows valve, makes large flue effective wind rate equal the effective wind rate of described large flue target negative pressure before valve regulated.
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| CN106524763B (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2019-02-19 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of method based on pallet bellows negative pressure reasonable distribution bellows air quantity and the sintering system using it |
| CN108344298B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2024-02-13 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | Gas injection device capable of adaptively optimizing burden surface negative pressure and control method thereof |
| CN110319688B (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2021-01-12 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method and device for detecting negative pressure field of material layer in sintering machine trolley |
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