CN110319688B - Method and device for detecting negative pressure field of material layer in sintering machine trolley - Google Patents

Method and device for detecting negative pressure field of material layer in sintering machine trolley Download PDF

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CN110319688B
CN110319688B CN201810272104.6A CN201810272104A CN110319688B CN 110319688 B CN110319688 B CN 110319688B CN 201810272104 A CN201810272104 A CN 201810272104A CN 110319688 B CN110319688 B CN 110319688B
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pressure
test
side plate
holes
material layer
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CN110319688A (en
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马洛文
何志军
姜伟忠
鲁健
向家发
顾荣荣
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Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/26—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on or in trucks, sleds, or containers
    • F27B9/262—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on or in trucks, sleds, or containers on or in trucks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/40—Arrangements of controlling or monitoring devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
    • F27D21/0014—Devices for monitoring temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
    • F27D2021/0007—Monitoring the pressure

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a sintering machine tableThe method and the device for detecting the negative pressure field of the material layer in the car comprise the following steps: detect the temperature T of different positions in the material layert(ii) a Detecting the pressure P of the upper and lower test holes at different positionsA、PB(ii) a And calculating the gas flow velocity V at different positions by using Bernoulli's law according to the pressure difference delta P formed by the upper and lower test holest. The invention solves the technical problem of increased energy consumption and waste gas discharge caused by uneven distribution of negative pressure in the sintering material layer in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction. The method of the invention has simple operation, relatively low test cost and repeated recycling of the test device, and can also improve the reliability of data by measuring and calculating numerical values such as temperature, pressure difference, gas flow rate and the like in a large quantity.

Description

Method and device for detecting negative pressure field of material layer in sintering machine trolley
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sintering processes, in particular to a method and a device for detecting a negative pressure field of a material layer in a sintering machine trolley, which are used for detecting the temperature, the negative pressure and the gas flow rate of different positions of each sintering area in the sintering process.
Background
The sintered ore has better metallurgical properties, particularly high-temperature molten drop properties than pellet ore and lump ore, can improve the air permeability of the blast furnace, is beneficial to smooth operation of the blast furnace and improves the production index of the blast furnace, so that the proportion of the sintered ore in the furnace burden structure of the blast furnace is expected to reach the level of 70-80%. At present, the demand of a blast furnace in a metallurgical enterprise on sintered ore is large, and how to optimally control the negative pressure in the sintering process under the condition of high sintering productivity, reduce energy consumption and reduce the exhaust emission is worth further research.
In recent years, due to the gradual application of new processes and new equipment, various quality indexes of the sintering machine in China are gradually improved, the calendar operation rate of the sintering machine is stably improved year by year, the strength and the qualification rate of the sintering ore are higher and higher, the solid fuel consumption is reduced year by year, the utilization coefficient and the alkalinity of the sintering machine tend to be stable, the quality of the sintering ore in China gradually becomes better, the energy consumption index is reduced year by year, but the utilization coefficient of the sintering machine in China has certain difference with Korea and modern times.
The influence of the domestic sintering negative pressure on the thickness, migration speed and the like of the red fire layer is only described theoretically, and detailed research is not carried out. The method has the advantages that the negative pressure of the grate bar area at the bottom of the material layer of the sintering machine trolley is detected in order to improve the ventilation rate of the grate bar, and the technical problem that whether the width of the furnace grate bar is proper or not cannot be judged due to the fact that the negative pressure of the grate bar area cannot be tested is solved. Because of the air permeability, the negative pressure value in the material bed is higher than that in the grate bar area, and the negative pressure value has more serious influence on the energy consumption index of sintering production and the sintered mineral quality index. However, the existing device for detecting the negative pressure in the sintering material layer is not perfect enough, the detection positions are fixed, the number of test points is relatively small, a negative pressure network field cannot be formed in the material layer, and the influence of the negative pressure uniformity on the sintering process cannot be further researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for detecting a negative pressure field of a material layer in a sintering pallet, which can provide an effective measuring means for measuring the temperature, the pressure difference and the gas flow velocity data of each position in the material layer and solve the technical problem that the negative pressure in the sintering material layer is not uniformly distributed, so that the thickness and the migration speed of a red fire layer are influenced, and the energy consumption and the exhaust emission are increased.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for detecting a negative pressure field of a material layer in a sintering machine trolley comprises the following steps:
a) the method comprises the following steps that three test holes are uniformly formed in side plates on two sides of a sintering machine trolley at intervals along the length direction, the three test holes in one side plate are arranged at intervals along the height direction, and the positions of the three test holes correspond to a sintering ore layer, a combustion preheating layer and an over-wet layer respectively;
b) inserting a detection device into the test holes respectively, wherein the detection device comprises:
the body is a cylinder, a central channel is arranged in the body along the central axis, and guide holes communicated with the outside of the side wall of the body are respectively arranged at the front end or the front part of the central channel in an up-down symmetrical manner and are used as upper and lower pressure test holes;
a pitot tube, which is respectively inserted in the central channel of the body, and the front end of the pitot tube respectively corresponds to the upper pressure test hole and the lower pressure test hole;
the pressure sensor is arranged at the rear end of the pitot tube;
a thermocouple inserted in the central channel of the body, with its front end located between the upper and lower pressure test holes and connected to a temperature recorder;
the pressure sensor and the temperature recorder are electrically connected with the calculation controller;
the pressure sensor detects the pressures at the upper end and the lower end of the detection device in real time through a pitot tube; measuring the temperature of the gas entering the detection device through a built-in thermocouple, and continuously storing the data by using a temperature recorder;
c) the detection device detects the transverse negative pressure and temperature data of the sinter bed; the gas blown into the material layer enters the detection device through the upper pressure test hole and forms a pressure difference with the gas sucked into the lower pressure test hole, and the pressure of the upper and lower pressure test holes is recorded in real time through the pressure sensor; meanwhile, the temperature of the gas entering the detection device is transmitted to a temperature recorder through a thermocouple for continuous recording; and then, the air flow velocities of different positions of the material layer are calculated by using the Bernoulli theorem according to the pressure values of the upper and lower pressure test holes measured by the pitot tube.
Preferably, the pressure value P of the upper and lower pressure test holes is recorded according to the pressure sensorA、PBCalculating the air velocity V of different positions of the material layer by using Bernoulli's theoremtThe formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0001612750530000031
wherein, Vt-air flow velocity, m/s;
PAupper pressure test holePressure, kg. f/cm2；
PBLower pressure test hole pressure, kg.f/cm2；
Rho-density of fluid, g/cm3。
Preferably, when the temperature and the negative pressure of the sinter bed are detected, the transverse test position is adjusted through the insertion depth of the detection device.
Preferably, three test holes, namely an upper test hole, a middle test hole and a lower test hole, on a side plate of the sintering machine trolley are arranged as follows: the upper test hole positioned at the upper part of the side plate is 200 +/-2 mm away from the upper edge of the side plate and is 150 +/-2 mm away from the left edge of the side plate; the middle test hole positioned in the middle of the side plate is 710 +/-2 mm away from the left edge of the side plate and is 345 +/-2 mm away from the lower edge of the side plate; the distance between the lower test hole positioned at the lower part of the side plate and the right edge and the lower edge of the side plate are respectively 150 +/-2 mm.
Preferably, the test hole on the side plate is an oval through hole.
The invention relates to a detection device for a detection method of a negative pressure field of a material layer in a sintering pallet, which comprises the following steps: the body is a cylinder, a central channel is arranged in the body along the central axis, and guide holes communicated with the outside of the side wall of the body are respectively arranged at the front end or the front part of the central channel in an up-down symmetrical manner and are used as upper and lower pressure test holes; a pitot tube, which is respectively inserted in the central channel of the body, and the front end of the pitot tube respectively corresponds to the upper pressure test hole and the lower pressure test hole; the pressure sensor is arranged at the rear end of the pitot tube; a thermocouple inserted in the central channel of the body, with its front end located between the upper and lower pressure test holes and connected to a temperature recorder; and the pressure sensor and the temperature recorder are electrically connected with the calculation controller.
Preferably, the front end of the body is a tapered head for facilitating insertion inside the bed.
The invention determines the negative pressure field of the material layer by detecting the negative pressure of each position of the material layer in the sintering pallet, calculates the gas flow rate according to Bernoulli's theorem, can determine the factors influencing the negative pressure uniformity and the influence of the negative pressure uniformity on the comprehensive sintering index by analyzing the data, and finally finds the measure for optimally controlling the negative pressure field.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the invention, the test holes are designed on the side plate of the sintering machine trolley, so that the change of each material layer in the whole sintering operation process can be observed in the distribution mode, and the uniformity of the measured data distribution is ensured.
2. The device is simple to operate and is suitable for continuous dynamic detection in the sintering production process.
3. The device can be recycled for many times, and the test cost is relatively low.
4. The invention can improve the reliability of data such as temperature, pressure difference, gas flow rate and the like through a large amount of measured data.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a distribution diagram of the side plate test holes of the sintering pallet of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the structure of the device for detecting the negative pressure field of the material bed in the sintering pallet of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the method for detecting the negative pressure field of the material bed in the sintering pallet comprises the following steps:
a) the method comprises the following steps that three test holes 101, 102 and 103 are uniformly formed in side plates 100 on two sides of a sintering machine trolley at intervals along the length direction, the three test holes 101, 102 and 103 in one side plate are arranged at intervals along the height direction, and the positions of the three test holes 101, 102 and 103 correspond to a sintering ore layer, a combustion preheating layer and an over-wet layer respectively;
b) inserting a detecting device 200 into the test holes, respectively, the detecting device 200 including:
the body 1, it is a cylinder, there is a central channel 11 in it along the central axis, the front end or front portion of the central channel 11 is symmetrical to have a guide hole communicated with outside of sidewall of the body 1 up and down respectively, as the upper, lower pressure test hole 12, 13;
a pitot tube 2 which is respectively inserted in the central channel 11 of the body 1, and the front end of the pitot tube is respectively corresponding to the upper and lower pressure test holes 12 and 13;
the pressure sensor 3 is arranged at the rear end of the pitot tube 2;
a thermocouple 4 inserted in the central channel 11 of the body, the front end of which is positioned between the upper and lower pressure testing holes 12, 13 and is connected with a temperature recorder 5;
the pressure sensor and the temperature recorder are electrically connected with the calculation controller;
the pressure sensor detects the pressures at the upper end and the lower end of the detection device in real time through a pitot tube; measuring the temperature of the gas entering the detection device through a built-in thermocouple, and continuously storing the data by using a temperature recorder;
c) the detection device detects the transverse negative pressure and temperature data of the sinter bed; the gas blown into the material layer enters the detection device through the upper pressure test hole and forms a pressure difference with the gas sucked into the lower pressure test hole, and the pressure of the upper and lower pressure test holes is recorded in real time through the pressure sensor; meanwhile, the temperature of the gas entering the detection device is transmitted to a temperature recorder through a thermocouple for continuous recording; and then, the air flow velocities of different positions of the material layer are calculated by using the Bernoulli theorem according to the pressure values of the upper and lower pressure test holes measured by the pitot tube.
Preferably, the pressure value P of the upper and lower pressure test holes is recorded according to the pressure sensorA、PBCalculating the air velocity V of different positions of the material layer by using Bernoulli's theoremtThe formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0001612750530000051
wherein, Vt-air flow velocity, m/s;
PAupper pressure test hole pressure, kg. f/cm2；
PBLower pressure test hole pressure, kg.f/cm2；
Rho-density of fluid, g/cm3。
Preferably, when the temperature and the negative pressure of the sinter bed are detected, the transverse test position is adjusted through the insertion depth of the detection device.
Preferably, three test holes 101 to 103 (i.e. upper, middle and lower test holes) on one side plate 100 (taking one side plate 100 as an example, the same applies below) of the pallet of the sintering machine are set as follows: the upper test hole positioned at the upper part of the side plate is 200 +/-2 mm away from the upper edge of the side plate and is 150 +/-2 mm away from the left edge of the side plate; the middle test hole positioned in the middle of the side plate is 710 +/-2 mm away from the left edge of the side plate and is 345 +/-2 mm away from the lower edge of the side plate; the distance between the lower test hole positioned at the lower part of the side plate and the right edge and the lower edge of the side plate are respectively 150 +/-2 mm.
Preferably, the test holes 101-103 on the side plate 100 are oval through holes.
Referring to fig. 2, the detecting apparatus 200 for detecting the negative pressure field of the material bed inside the sintering pallet of the present invention includes:
the body 1, it is a cylinder, there is a central channel 11 in it along the central axis, the front end or front portion of the central channel 11 is symmetrical to have a guide hole communicated with outside of sidewall of the body 1 up and down respectively, as the upper, lower pressure test hole 12, 13;
a pitot tube 2 which is respectively inserted in the central channel 11 of the body 1, and the front end of the pitot tube is respectively corresponding to the upper and lower pressure test holes 12 and 13;
the pressure sensor 3 is arranged at the rear end of the pitot tube 2;
a thermocouple 4 inserted in the central channel 11 of the body, the front end of which is positioned between the upper and lower pressure testing holes 12, 13 and is connected with a temperature recorder 5;
and the calculation controller (not shown) is electrically connected with the pressure sensor and the temperature recorder.
Preferably, the front end of the body is a conical head for facilitating insertion of equipment into the material bed.
The measurement method is as follows:
inserting a detection device into the sinter bed through a test hole, detecting the transverse negative pressure and temperature data of the sinter bed, and changing the depth of the detection device inserted into the sinter bed; detecting the negative pressure and temperature data in the longitudinal direction of the material layer, wherein the detection is realized by changing the position of the test hole; the gas blown into the material layer enters the pipeline through the upper pressure testing hole and forms a pressure difference with the gas sucked into the lower pressure testing hole, and the pressure of the two testing holes is recorded in real time through the pressure sensor; meanwhile, the temperature of the gas entering the pipeline is transmitted to a temperature recorder through a thermocouple at the center of the steel pipe for continuous recording; then, the pressure values of the upper and lower test holes measured by the pitot tube are measured by using the Bernoulli theorem: calculating the air flow velocities at different positions; and constructing a material bed air permeability model based on negative pressure change through the measured negative pressure, temperature and gas flow velocity data obtained by calculation, determining factors influencing the negative pressure uniformity and the influence of the negative pressure uniformity on the comprehensive sintering index, and finding measures for optimally controlling a negative pressure field.

Claims (7)

1. A method for detecting a negative pressure field of a material layer in a sintering machine trolley is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) the method comprises the following steps that three test holes are uniformly formed in side plates on two sides of a sintering machine trolley at intervals along the length direction respectively, the three test holes in the side plates are arranged at intervals along the height direction, and the positions of the three test holes correspond to a sintering ore layer, a combustion preheating layer and an over-wet layer respectively;
b) inserting a detection device into the test holes respectively, wherein the detection device comprises:
the body is a cylinder, a central channel is arranged in the body along the central axis, and guide holes communicated with the outside of the side wall of the body are respectively arranged at the front end or the front part of the central channel in an up-down symmetrical manner and are used as upper and lower pressure test holes;
a pitot tube, which is respectively inserted in the central channel of the body, and the front end of the pitot tube respectively corresponds to the upper pressure test hole and the lower pressure test hole;
the pressure sensor is arranged at the rear end of the pitot tube;
a thermocouple inserted in the central channel of the body, with its front end located between the upper and lower pressure test holes and connected to a temperature recorder;
the pressure sensor and the temperature recorder are electrically connected with the calculation controller;
the pressure sensor detects the pressures at the upper end and the lower end of the detection device in real time through a pitot tube; measuring the temperature of the gas entering the detection device through a built-in thermocouple, and continuously storing the data by using a temperature recorder;
c) the detection device detects the transverse negative pressure and temperature data of the sinter bed; the gas blown into the material layer enters the detection device through the upper pressure test hole and forms a pressure difference with the gas sucked into the lower pressure test hole, and the pressure of the upper and lower pressure test holes is recorded in real time through the pressure sensor; meanwhile, the temperature of the gas entering the detection device is transmitted to a temperature recorder through a thermocouple for continuous recording; and then, the air flow velocities of different positions of the material layer are calculated by using the Bernoulli theorem according to the pressure values of the upper and lower pressure test holes measured by the pitot tube.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pressure values P of the upper and lower pressure test holes are recorded by pressure sensorsA、PBCalculating the air velocity V of different positions of the material layer by using Bernoulli's theoremtThe formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0002732189680000021
wherein, Vt-air flow velocity, m/s;
PAupper pressure test hole pressure, kg. f/cm2；
PBLower pressure test hole pressure, kg.f/cm2；
Rho-density of fluid, g/cm3。
3. The method for detecting the negative pressure field of the material layer inside the sintering pallet as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lateral test position is adjusted by the insertion depth of the detection device when the temperature and the negative pressure of the sintering material layer are detected.
4. The method for detecting the negative pressure field of the material layer in the sintering pallet as claimed in claim 1, wherein three test holes on a side plate of the sintering pallet are arranged as follows: the distance between the test hole positioned at the upper part of the side plate and the upper edge of the side plate is 200 +/-2 mm, and the distance between the test hole positioned at the upper part of the side plate and the left edge of the side plate is 150 +/-2 mm; the distance between the test hole positioned in the middle of the side plate and the left edge of the side plate is 710 +/-2 mm, and the distance between the test hole positioned in the middle of the side plate and the lower edge of the side plate is 345 +/-2 mm; the distance between the test hole at the lower part of the side plate and the right edge and the lower edge of the side plate are respectively 150 +/-2 mm.
5. The method for detecting the negative pressure field of the material bed inside the sintering pallet according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the test holes on the side plates are oval through holes.
6. The detecting apparatus for detecting the negative pressure field of the material bed inside the pallet of the sintering machine according to claim 1, comprising:
the body is a cylinder, a central channel is arranged in the body along the central axis, and guide holes communicated with the outside of the side wall of the body are respectively arranged at the front end or the front part of the central channel in an up-down symmetrical manner and are used as upper and lower pressure test holes;
a pitot tube, which is respectively inserted in the central channel of the body, and the front end of the pitot tube respectively corresponds to the upper pressure test hole and the lower pressure test hole;
the pressure sensor is arranged at the rear end of the pitot tube;
a thermocouple inserted in the central channel of the body, with its front end located between the upper and lower pressure test holes and connected to a temperature recorder;
and the pressure sensor and the temperature recorder are electrically connected with the calculation controller.
7. The apparatus for detecting the method of detecting the negative pressure field in the material bed inside a pallet of a sintering machine as set forth in claim 6, wherein the front end of the body is a tapered head portion for facilitating insertion into the material bed.
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