CN103022700A - Novel 4*4 Butler matrix feed network - Google Patents
Novel 4*4 Butler matrix feed network Download PDFInfo
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- CN103022700A CN103022700A CN2012104655200A CN201210465520A CN103022700A CN 103022700 A CN103022700 A CN 103022700A CN 2012104655200 A CN2012104655200 A CN 2012104655200A CN 201210465520 A CN201210465520 A CN 201210465520A CN 103022700 A CN103022700 A CN 103022700A
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel 4*4 Butler matrix feed network and belongs to the field of microwave engineering. The Butler matrix feed network is arranged between the wave beam port of wave beam forming equipment and the antenna port of an antenna array and is realized through a micro-strip circuit manner; the Butler matrix feed network is machined on double-faced copper-plated PCBs (Printed Circuit Board); the PCBs are stuck together back to back and are symmetrically placed up and down; three 3-decibel 90-degree directional couplers are arranged on one PCB and residual one coupler is arranged on the other PCB; and vertical metal through holes are machined on the PCBs to replace a jumper in a traditional structure, so as to realize signal transmission between the two layers of the PCBs. According to the novel 4*4 Butler matrix feed network, the structure of the Butler matrix feed network is greatly simplified and the volume is reduced; and a broadband Schiffman phase shifter is matched with three branched branch wire directional couplers to expand the bandwidth of a Butler matrix, so that the relative bandwidth of the feed network is more than 25%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the microwave engineering field, relate to a kind of novel 4 * 4Butler matrix feed network.
Background technology
The Butler matrix is a kind of circuit class Wave-packet shaping network, it possesses a plurality of input and output ports simultaneously, phase relation between its related port is very peculiar, and mainly being used in has in the antenna system of specific (special) requirements beam position, such as smart antenna of 3-G (Generation Three mobile communication system) etc.This feed matrix has very clearly physical significance, also realizes than being easier on circuit, has therefore obtained widely research.
The Butler matrix is the network of a complete passive and reciprocity, and this feed matrix has used 3db directional coupler with 90 degree phase-shift characterisitcs and the fixed phase shifter of different phase-shift characterisitcs.The Butler matrix that is used for a N unit wires antenna array should have a corresponding N input port and N output port, and therefore can produce a corresponding N wave beam.Wherein N is positive integer, is generally 2 positive integer power.For the Butler matrix, add a signal at its any one input, obtain the signal of constant amplitude at all outputs, phase difference equates between each adjacent cells.Because Butler matrix and antenna are complete reciprocity, so both having can be used for emission, the Butler matrix also can be used for receiving.
The Butler matrix can very easily be realized by microstrip line, but but to produce conductors cross inevitably when in a plane, realizing it, be that the Butler feeding network must use jumper to realize in the plane, this has increased its complexity, has also limited to a certain extent the use of Butler feed matrix.
The bandwidth of Butler matrix depends on the 3db directional coupler of the 90 degree phase-shift characterisitcs that it adopts and the bandwidth of fixed phase shifter, and the bandwidth of existing Butler matrix is usually between 5%-15%.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: existing Butler matrix feed network must use jumper to realize in the plane, this has increased its complexity, also limited to a certain extent the use of Butler feed matrix, and its bandwidth generally is no more than 15%.
For solving the problem of above-mentioned Butler matrix feed network, the invention provides a kind of novel 4 * 4Butler matrix feed network, be arranged between the antenna port of the beam port of wave beam forming device and aerial array, adopt the microstrip circuit mode to realize, processing has 4 input ports and 4 output ports on the double-sided copper-clad pcb board that two-layer symmetry is placed up and down together that bonds back-to-back.Feeding network of the present invention comprises two 45 ° of fixed phase shifters, two vertical metal via holes and four 3 decibels 90 degree directional couplers; Four 3 decibels 90 degree directional couplers are divided into two groups, the one 3 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler and the 23 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler of first group, and second group the 33 decibel 90 degree directional coupler be positioned on the pcb board of upper strata, and second group the 43 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler is positioned on lower floor's pcb board.First group 3 decibels 90 degree directional coupler one ends link to each other with antenna element, and the other end is connected to second group 3 decibels 90 degree directional couplers; Second group 3 decibels 90 degree directional coupler one ends are connected with beam port, and the other end is connected to first group 3 decibels 90 degree directional couplers.Two 45 ° of fixed phase shifters are arranged between first group 3 decibels 90 degree directional couplers and the second group 3 decibels 90 degree directional couplers.First metallic vias is used for connecting the one 3 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler and the 43 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler, second metallic vias is used for connecting the 23 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler, 45 ° of fixed phase shifters and the 43 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler.Feeding network of the present invention relies on metallic vias carrying out the signal transmission between two-layer pcb board up and down.
Described 3 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler is the branch line directional coupler of 3 branches, and 45 ° of fixed phase shifters are broadband Schiffman phase shifter.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
(1) replaces complicated jumper with simple metallic vias, greatly simplified the structure of Butler matrix feed network, and reduced its volume, increased its applicable situation;
(2) adopt the branch line directional coupler of 3 branches as the elementary cell of Butler matrix, electric property has had large increase than the branch line directional coupler of 2 branches;
(3) adopt broadband Schiffman phase shifter as phase-shifting unit, cooperate 3 branches branch line directional coupler broadening the bandwidth of Butler matrix;
(4) the Butler matrix feed network adopts the microstrip circuit mode to realize, can utilize the printed circuit production method to process, technique is simple, and high conformity is easy to processing and production in enormous quantities.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing conventional 4 * 4Butler matrix feed network;
Fig. 2 is the novel 4 * 4Butler matrix feed network schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of vertical metal via hole;
Fig. 4 is the branch line directional coupler schematic diagram of three branches;
Fig. 5 is Schiffman differential phase shifter schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
4 * 4Butler matrix feed network for existing routine shown in Figure 1, its all components and parts all in one plane.This 4 * 4Butler matrix feed network comprises A, B, C, D, E, F, G, 8 ports of H, the 3db directional coupler 12 of 12,4 90 degree of the 3db directional coupler phase-shift characterisitc of 11,4 90 degree of two 45 ° of fixed phase shifters phase-shift characterisitc is divided into two groups, following two form first group 3 decibels 90 degree directional couplers, and two of tops form second group 3 decibels 90 degree directional couplers.First group 3 decibels 90 degree directional coupler one ends link to each other with antenna element, and the other end is connected to second group 3 decibels 90 degree directional couplers; Second group 3 decibels 90 degree directional coupler one ends are connected with beam port, and the other end is connected to first group 3 decibels 90 degree directional couplers.There is a port to connect by 45 ° of fixed phase shifters 11 between two the 3 decibels 90 corresponding degree directional couplers 12 up and down, the another port all is connected to jumper, label 13 places among Fig. 1 are installation places of jumper, and two groups 3 decibels 90 degree directional couplers 12 connect a jumper.Jumper is a kind ofly to be linked together back-to-back and the 0db directional coupler that consists of by 2 branch line directional couplers, and it can take very large space and increase the complexity of feed matrix.
Shown in Figure 2 is novel 4 * 4Butler matrix feed network provided by the present invention, realizes at the double-sided copper-clad pcb board of up and down two-layer symmetrical placement, and two double-sided copper-clad pcb boards bond together back-to-back.Except jumper 13, the quantity of other components and parts is identical with the feeding network of conventionally form shown in Figure 1, comprises the 3db directional coupler 12 of two 45 ° of fixed phase shifters 11 and four 90 degree phase-shift characterisitcs.The one 3 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler 101 and the 23 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler 102 are first group, and the 33 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler 201 and the 43 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler 202 are second group.The 43 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler 202 and part connecting line thereof are spent directional couplers 101,102 and 201 not on same pcb board with first, second, and third 3 decibel 90 among Fig. 2, and in one plane line does not dot.As shown in Figure 2, the one 3 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler 101, the 23 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler 102 in the embodiment of the invention, and the 33 decibel 90 the degree directional coupler 201 be positioned on the pcb board of upper strata, the 43 decibel 90 the degree directional coupler 202 be positioned on lower floor's pcb board.
Be processed with two vertical metallic vias 14 at two-layer pcb board.There are two selection principles the position of metallic vias 14, and one is that the position of two metallic vias can not be excessively near, otherwise can produce coupling; The 2nd, that microstrip line that metallic vias can not will be evaded from it excessively close to.In the concrete embodiment of the invention first metallic vias 14 be positioned at the one 3 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler 101 near, and this metallic vias 14 is not mutual with other microstrip line at the microstrip line that is connected between the directional coupler 101 with the one 3 decibel of 90 degree on the pcb board of upper strata, directly connects the 43 decibel 90 by microstrip line and spend directional coupler 202 on lower floor's pcb board.Second metallic vias 14 is positioned at the below of the 43 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler 202, on the pcb board of upper strata, connect successively 45 ° of fixed phase shifters 11 and the 23 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler 102 by microstrip line, on lower floor's pcb board, connect the 43 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler 202 by microstrip line.
Metallic vias 14 can transmitted the signal of connected microstrip line up and down between two-layer pcb board, and all is lower than on full frequency-domain-33db through the return loss of these metallic vias 14 structures of checking, and transmission coefficient is close to 0db.The structural representation of metallic vias 14 as shown in Figure 3, wherein A and B are 2 layers of symmetrical pcb boards of placing, the bonding face of two-layer pcb board is made as ground, C is metal via structures, D is the perforate on ground plate.Adopt the PCB dielectric-slab of relative dielectric constant 2.55, thickness 0.8mm in the embodiment of the invention, frequency centered by 4.8GHz, the topological structure of foundation metallic vias 14 as shown in Figure 3 in HFSS software.Through optimizing, be 1.1mm at the radius of metallic vias C, when floor openings D radius was 1.8mm, via hole C had the electrical property near microstrip transmission line.This moment, its return loss on full frequency-domain was lower than-33db, and transmission coefficient is not more than-0.15.In concrete the use, because the structure of metallic vias causes certain phase deviation, can compensate the phase shift that is caused by metallic vias by in not with the microstrip line of metallic vias, increasing certain length.
What 90 degree directional couplers 12 adopted in the embodiment of the invention is the branch line directional coupler of 3 branches, as shown in Figure 4, has two input port Port1 and Port2, two output port Port3 and Port4.
45 ° of fixed phase shifters 11 are broadband Schiffman phase shifter in the embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 2, broadband Schiffman phase shifter is comprised of straight-through end and coupled section two parts, a1～a4 is four ports, the output that connects 3 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler of correspondence position utilizes the effect of difference to realize the phase shift of particular degree.Concrete 45 ° of fixed phase shifters can be arranged on the same pcb board, also can arrange on the different pcb boards, can determine according to Practical Project.
Empirical tests, the relative bandwidth of novel 4 * 4Butler matrix feed network that the embodiment of the invention is prepared＞25%.The present invention adopts the printed circuit production method to process, and technique is simple, and high conformity is easy to processing and production in enormous quantities.
Claims (5)
1. novel 4 * 4Butler matrix feed network, be arranged between the antenna port of the beam port of wave beam forming device and aerial array, have 4 input ports and 4 output ports, it is characterized in that, this feeding network processing comprises two 45 ° of fixed phase shifters, two vertical metal via holes and four 3 decibels 90 degree directional couplers on the double-sided copper-clad pcb board that two-layer symmetry is placed up and down together that bonds back-to-back; Four 3 decibels 90 degree directional couplers are divided into two groups, and first group 3 decibels 90 degree directional coupler one ends link to each other with antenna element, and the other end is connected to second group 3 decibels 90 degree directional couplers; Second group 3 decibels 90 degree directional coupler one ends are connected with beam port, and the other end is connected to first group 3 decibels 90 degree directional couplers; First group the one 3 decibel 90 degree directional coupler and the 23 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler, and second group the 33 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler be positioned on the pcb board of upper strata, second group the 43 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler is positioned on lower floor's pcb board; Two 45 ° of fixed phase shifters are between two groups 3 decibels 90 degree directional couplers; First metallic vias is used for connecting the one 3 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler and the 43 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler, second metallic vias is used for connecting the 23 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler, 45 ° of fixed phase shifters and the 43 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler.
2. novel 4 * 4Butler matrix feed network according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described 45 ° of fixed phase shifters are broadband Schiffman phase shifter.
3. novel 4 * 4Butler matrix feed network according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described 3 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler is the branch line directional coupler of 3 branches.
4. novel 4 * 4Butler matrix feed network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first metallic vias be positioned at the one 3 decibel 90 the degree directional coupler near, and this metallic vias is not mutual with other microstrip line at the microstrip line that is connected between the directional coupler with the one 3 decibel of 90 degree on the pcb board of upper strata, directly connects the 43 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler by microstrip line on lower floor's pcb board; Described second metallic vias is positioned at the below of the 43 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler, on the pcb board of upper strata, connect successively 45 ° of fixed phase shifters and the 23 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler by microstrip line, on lower floor's pcb board, connect the 43 decibel of 90 degree directional coupler by microstrip line.
5. according to claim 1 or 4 described novel 4 * 4Butler matrix feed network, it is characterized in that, the relative dielectric constant of described pcb board is 2.55, thickness is 0.8mm; The centre frequency of feeding network is 4.8GHz, and the radius of two metallic vias is 1.1mm, and floor openings D radius is 1.8mm.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015003381A1 (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-15 | 广东博纬通信科技有限公司 | 3x3 butler matrix and 5x6 butler matrix |
| WO2015010326A1 (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2015-01-29 | 华为技术有限公司 | Dual-polarization differential feed network, antenna and base station |
| CN106785454A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 中山大学 | Broadband butler matrix and method for designing based on vertical mounting plane substrate mode |
| CN108448221A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-08-24 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of broad band multilayer micro-strip Butler Wave-packet shaping network matrix arrangements |
| CN109167172A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2019-01-08 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of broadband Butler matrix based on microstrip structure |
| JP2019506833A (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2019-03-07 | テスロニクス インコーポレイテッド | Improving wireless energy transfer using electromagnetic alignment |
| CN109494481A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-19 | 广东博纬通信科技有限公司 | A kind of 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming networks |
| CN110838621A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-25 | 北京邮电大学 | Multi-beam antenna feeding device and method |
| CN111613895A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-09-01 | 南京理工大学 | Conformal OAM antenna combined with Butler matrix feed network |
| CN113422207A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-09-21 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Butler matrix circuit and electronic device |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9941587B2 (en) | 2013-07-12 | 2018-04-10 | Guangdong Broadradio Communication Technology Co., Ltd. | 3×3 Butler matrix and 5×6 Butler matrix |
| WO2015003381A1 (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-15 | 广东博纬通信科技有限公司 | 3x3 butler matrix and 5x6 butler matrix |
| WO2015010326A1 (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2015-01-29 | 华为技术有限公司 | Dual-polarization differential feed network, antenna and base station |
| JP2019506833A (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2019-03-07 | テスロニクス インコーポレイテッド | Improving wireless energy transfer using electromagnetic alignment |
| CN106785454A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 中山大学 | Broadband butler matrix and method for designing based on vertical mounting plane substrate mode |
| CN106785454B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2020-12-29 | 中山大学 | Broadband Butler matrix based on vertical installation of planar substrate and design method |
| CN108448221A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-08-24 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of broad band multilayer micro-strip Butler Wave-packet shaping network matrix arrangements |
| CN108448221B (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2020-12-29 | 电子科技大学 | Broadband multilayer microstrip Butler beam forming network matrix device |
| CN109167172A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2019-01-08 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of broadband Butler matrix based on microstrip structure |
| CN109494481A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-19 | 广东博纬通信科技有限公司 | A kind of 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming networks |
| CN110838621A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-25 | 北京邮电大学 | Multi-beam antenna feeding device and method |
| CN110838621B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-11-20 | 北京邮电大学 | Multi-beam antenna feeding device and method |
| CN111613895A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-09-01 | 南京理工大学 | Conformal OAM antenna combined with Butler matrix feed network |
| CN113422207A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-09-21 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Butler matrix circuit and electronic device |
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Application publication date: 20130403 |