CN103008746A - Super-hard wear-resisting chromium-based composite coating micro milling cutter used for PCB (Printed Circuit Board) and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Super-hard wear-resisting chromium-based composite coating micro milling cutter used for PCB (Printed Circuit Board) and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103008746A CN103008746A CN2012105580574A CN201210558057A CN103008746A CN 103008746 A CN103008746 A CN 103008746A CN 2012105580574 A CN2012105580574 A CN 2012105580574A CN 201210558057 A CN201210558057 A CN 201210558057A CN 103008746 A CN103008746 A CN 103008746A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a super-hard wear-resisting chromium-based composite coating micro milling cutter used for a PCB (Printed Circuit Board), and a preparation method thereof. An inner layer and an outer layer are respectively deposited on a hard alloy substrate by adopting an ion plating technique and an improved type magnetic filtering ion plating technique, wherein the inner layer is a CrN transition layer which has good thermal, mechanical and chemical matching when being combined with the hard alloy substrate, so that the good combination strength of the CrN transition layer with the substrate is ensured; and the outer layer is an AlCrTiN composite layer which has the characteristics of high hardness and obdurability and low friction coefficient. Through the composite design on the CrN and AlCrTiN, a composite coating PCB milling cutter which is strong in combination force, high in hardness, good in toughness and low in friction coefficient is obtained through interface strengthening, solution strengthening, biphase strengthening and nano strengthening.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to printed substrate (PCB) with mini milling cutter nano-composite coating field, specially refer to a kind of PCB superhard wear chromium base composite coating mini milling cutter and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Along with global information technology (IT) hardware manufacturing industry to domestic transfer, China has become the globalization manufacture base of IT hardware core assembly printed circuit board (PCB).The quality that every Year's consumption reaches several hundred million PCB mini milling cutter becomes the key problem that the PCB manufacturing technology is reformed.Along with the development of PCB industry, the milling cutter rotating speed is tended towards superiority (60,000 rev/mins), the wiring board number of plies increases, the halogen-free pcb board of difficult processing adopts in a large number, makes the condition of PCB processing and forming harsher.
After the auspicious micro-material of upper seashell Science and Technology Ltd. set up from November, 2008, by the continuous research in 1 year with tested year August in November, 2009 to 2012, accumulative total provides 3,000 ten thousand little brills of plated film and 3,000,000 plated film mini milling cutters to the PCB industry, set up the little brill of PCB and mini milling cutter hard coat company standard (cleaning, coating technology standard), broken through the technical barrier (microminiaturization, high accuracy, wearability and hardness aspect) that for many years hard coat is applied to the little brill of PCB and PCB usefulness mini milling cutter and mass production.
Compare with traditional large scale milling cutter, PCB is little of 0.4mm with the mini milling cutter diameter, the brittle coating that the little bent distortion that produces in the mini milling cutter use procedure and vibration make the mini milling cutter surface produces micro-crack, the tiny alloy milling cutter effects on surface crackle of size is very responsive to add too high cutting rotational speeds (60,000 rev/mins), produces high temperature in the process and causes the milling cutter brittle failure.Because whether mini milling cutter the chip removal ability of breaking and milling cutter can occur very close relationship is arranged, smoothness is high and be cut the low coating of material compatibility and have low coefficient of friction and high oxidation resistance temperature, be conducive to the raising of chip removal ability and cutting power, thereby be conducive to greatly reduce the breaking rate.
The problems referred to above that in use produce in order to overcome mini milling cutter, it is more and more important to develop a kind of composite coating, because composite coating is a kind of high rigidity, high-ductility, low wear rate, high temperature resistant, oxidation resistant composite coating, can improve the several times in former service life the service life of mini milling cutter, cost-saved, but also can save in a large number raw material and manpower, have obvious economic benefit, so this plating process has larger popularizing application prospect at the PCB mini milling cutter.
Therefore, the present invention is directed to the cutting characteristic of mini milling cutter, designed good toughness, hardness is high, coefficient of friction is little high-performance zirconium nitride CrN/AlCrTiN two-phase composite coating.Because the hardness of CrN is between 1600-2000Hv, good toughness, thermal coefficient of expansion are 6.9 * 10
-6/ K, elastic modelling quantity are 530kN/mm
2Thermal coefficient of expansion and elastic modelling quantity and PCB matrix approach, thermal matching, the heat endurance that chemical matching is good, good, but single CrN coating hardness is lower.In CrN, add Al and Ti, by solution strengthening, nano reinforcement and heterogeneous reinforced, composite coating hardness and toughness are significantly improved, the existence of AlCrTiN phase can reduce the coefficient of friction of coating greatly in the coating, improve chip removal performance and the oxidation resistance temperature of cutter, reduce cutting force.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly the defects for prior art, by the serviceability of selecting suitable coating material and deposition process to improve the service life of mini milling cutter and improve its various aspects, thereby cost is saved in the manufacturing that is on the one hand printed circuit board (PCB), increase economic efficiency, play good facilitation for printed circuit board miniaturization, the development that becomes more meticulous on the other hand.
The present invention is by carrying out composite design to CrN and AlCrTiN, by interface enhancing, solution strengthening, nano reinforcement and heterogeneous reinforced, composite coating hardness and toughness are significantly improved, the existence of AlCrTiN phase can reduce the coefficient of friction of coating greatly in the coating, improve chip removal performance and the oxidation resistance temperature of cutter, reduce cutting force, thereby obtain that a kind of adhesion is strong, hardness is high, good toughness, coefficient of friction is low and the PCB milling cutter composite coating of high life.
For realizing above purpose of the present invention, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of PCB superhard wear chromium base composite coating mini milling cutter, it is characterized in that: the matrix of described mini milling cutter is carbide alloy, deposit on the described matrix surface as internal layer and outer field two-layer composite, described internal layer is transition zone, the material of described excessive layer is CrN, and its thickness is the 0.2-0.8 micron; Described skin is composite bed, and the material of described composite bed is AlCrTiN, and its thickness is the 1-4 micron.
Preparation method's of the present invention technical scheme is: a kind of PCB preparation method of superhard wear chromium base composite coating mini milling cutter, have following steps: (1) is at first cleaned the cemented carbide substrate surfaces of described mini milling cutter, its temperature is made as 200-300 ℃, adopting ion plating technique deposition materials on described cemented carbide substrate surfaces is the transition zone of CrN, when adopting ion-plating deposition CrN transition zone, adopt pure Cr target, arc current is 60-80A, and introducing gas is Ar and N
2, the Ar flow is 20-40ml/min, N
2Flow is 200-400ml/min, adopts pulsed negative bias, and the bias voltage dutycycle is 30-50%, the bias voltage peak value be-500V extremely-700V; (2) adopting modified magnetic filter ions coating machine deposition materials at described transition zone obtained in the previous step is the composite bed of AlCrTiN, modified magnetic filter ions plated deposition AlCrTiN composite bed adopts pure Cr target and titanium-aluminum alloy target, keep bias voltage, Ar flow constant, N
2Flow is that the 400-600ml/min arc current is made as 60A, plating AlCrTiN layer 50-70min, and plated film stops rear cooling 20 minutes, then sampling.
Bombardment effect and the Metal Cr of the Ar plasma that at first strengthens by the high impulse bias voltage and lift from the injection effect strengthened coat of son and the bond strength between the matrix, then adopt successively ion plating technique deposition CrN transition zone, by modified magnetic filter ions plating CrN/AlCrTiN composite bed.The about 0.2-1 micron of ion plating CrN transition region thickness, and hard alloy substrate has good thermal matching, mechanical matching and chemical matching, the good bond strength of assurance coatings and substrate.The about 1-4 micron of modified magnetic filter ions plating CrN/AlCrTiN composite bed thickness, hardness is high, and coefficient of friction 0.2-0.3 has good wearability and chip removal performance and heat endurance.Coating layer thickness, composite bed form the AlCrTi ratio and can according to requirements modulate.Film/the film-substrate binding strength of the composite coating that obtains reaches 100-120N, and 10g load lower surface composite hardness reaches 30-38GPa, and GCr15 to join secondary coefficient of friction be 0.2-0.3.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: be coated with the mini milling cutter of coating of the present invention, in the process of its machining PCB, not only can significantly reduce the easily problem of fracture of milling cutter, can significantly improve the working life of milling cutter simultaneously, and then improve working (machining) efficiency.Coating owing to the milling cutter surface has good toughness and anti-wear performance simultaneously, and lower coefficient of friction, can significantly improve the quality of products, thereby save cost and improve surcharge.
In sum, milling cutter composite coating of the present invention and preparation method thereof is used in not only has good wearability and chip removal performance in the PCB mini milling cutter, the adhesion of itself and matrix is strong, and described composite coating hardness height, good toughness, coefficient of friction are low, thereby so that prolong the service life of milling cutter, reduce production costs, be easy to realize industrialization, mass production and have extraordinary prospects for commercial application.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that PCB of the present invention uses superhard wear chromium base composite coating mini milling cutter.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment.
Fig. 1 shows the structure that PCB of the present invention uses superhard wear chromium base composite coating mini milling cutter, as can be seen from Figure 1, on the hard alloy substrate c of mini milling cutter, deposit successively two layers of coatings, internal layer b is transition zone, the material of this transition zone is CrN, and its thickness can be the 0.2-0.8 micron, and outer a is composite bed, the material of this composite bed is AlCrTiN, and its thickness is the 1-4 micron.Can find out that from following several embodiment transition zone CrN and hard alloy substrate have good thermal matching, mechanical matching and chemical matching, guarantee the good bond strength of coatings and substrate.Adopt the AlCrTiN composite bed thickness of asymmetric bipolar magnetron sputtering also can be about the 1-4 micron, the composite bed hardness of this thickness is high, and coefficient of friction is low to be 0.1-0.2, and has good wearability and chip removal performance.The CrN phase can be modulated according to requirements with AlCrTiN proportion of composing mutually in coating layer thickness, the composite bed.Film/the film-substrate binding strength of the composite coating that obtains according to following method of the present invention can reach 80-100N, and 10g load lower surface composite hardness reaches 30-40GPa, and GCr15 to join secondary coefficient of friction be 0.1-0.3.
Below for preparing the specific embodiment of coating.
Embodiment one
At first get the PCB milling cutter that carbide alloy standard testing sample is 0.4-0.6mm, this PCB milling cutter is carried out deposited coatings behind oil removing, organic washing, rinsing and plasma cleaning.First with hard alloy substrate (namely treating the mini milling cutter of deposited coatings) design temperature 200
oC, depositing operation is controlled by industrial computer after setting.Matrix pulsed bias frequency is 80KHz, bias voltage peak value-800V, dutycycle 40%, and Ar flow 40ml/min opens ion plating Cr target, and arc current is made as 70A, and the Cr ion is evaporated from the Cr target, and hard alloy substrate is carried out Bombardment and cleaning 1min; Then pulsed bias is transferred to peak value-500V, dutycycle 40%, Ar flow 20ml/min, N
2Flow 200ml/min, and keep ion plating Cr target current 60A, this stage Cr ion and nitrogen reaction generate CrN, thereby at the transition zone of hard alloy substrate deposition CrN, plating CrN 10min; Then close ion plating Cr target, keep pulsed bias, Ar flow constant, N
2Flow 500ml/min is constant, opens modified magnetic filter ions coating machine power supply, arc current 60A, plating AlCrTiN 50min.Coating machine stops rear cooling and takes a sample after 20 minutes.Sample to preparation is tested, and the test result that obtains is: the thickness of the transition zone of CrN is 0.2 μ m, and the thickness of AlCrTiN composite bed is 3 μ m, cut adhesion 120N, 10g load lower surface composite hardness 35GPa, coefficient of friction 0.28.Compare with the milling cutter of uncoated coating of the present invention, cutting quality does not reduce, and 3.2 times of milling cutter Service lifes that makes.
Embodiment two
Getting carbide alloy standard testing sample diameter is the 0.8-1.2mmPCB milling cutter, carries out deposited coatings behind oil removing, organic washing, rinsing and plasma cleaning.The hard alloy substrate temperature is made as 250
oC, depositing operation is controlled by industrial computer after setting.Hard alloy substrate pulsed bias frequency is 80KHz, bias voltage peak value-800V, dutycycle 40%, and Ar flow 40ml/min opens ion plating Cr target, arc current 70A, and the Cr ion is evaporated from the Cr target, and hard alloy substrate is carried out Bombardment and cleaning 1min; Then pulsed bias transfers to peak value-600V, dutycycle 40%, Ar flow 30ml/min, N
2Flow 300ml/min keeps ion plating Cr target current 70A, and the reaction of this stage Cr ion and nitrogen generates CrN, thereby at the transition zone of hard alloy substrate deposition CrN, plating CrN 10min; Close afterwards ion plating Cr target, keep bias voltage, Ar flow constant, N
2Flow be 600ml/min, open modified magnetic filter ions coating machine, arc current 60A, plating AlCrTiN 60min.Plated film stops rear cooling and takes a sample after 20 minutes.The test result that obtains is: the thickness of the transition zone of CrN is 0.6 μ m, and the thickness of AlCrTiN composite bed is 3.5 μ m, cut adhesion 120N, 10g load lower surface composite hardness 37GPa, coefficient of friction 0.26.3.4 times of mini milling cutter Service lifes are compared with the milling cutter of uncoated composite coating, and cutting quality does not reduce.
Embodiment three
Getting carbide alloy standard testing sample diameter is the PCB milling cutter of 1.3-2mm, deposited coatings behind oil removing, organic washing, rinsing and plasma cleaning.Hard alloy substrate temperature setting 300
oC, depositing operation is controlled by industrial computer after setting.Matrix pulsed bias frequency 80KHz, bias voltage peak value-800V, dutycycle 40%, Ar flow 40ml/min opens ion plating Cr target, arc current 70A, the Cr ion is evaporated from the Cr target, and hard alloy substrate is carried out Bombardment and cleaning 1min; Pulsed bias transfers to peak value-700V, dutycycle 40%, Ar flow 40ml/min, N
2Flow 400ml/min keeps ion plating Cr target current 80A, and the reaction of this stage Cr ion and nitrogen generates CrN, thereby at the transition zone of hard alloy substrate deposition CrN, plating CrN 15min; Close ion plating Cr target, keep pulsed bias, Ar flow constant, N
2Flow 700ml/min opens modified magnetic filter ions coating machine, arc current 60A, plating AlCrTiN 70min.Plated film stops rear cooling and takes a sample after 20 minutes.The test result that obtains is: the thickness of the transition zone of CrN is 0.8 μ m, and the thickness of AlCrTiN composite bed is 3.4 μ m, cut adhesion 102N, 10g load lower surface composite hardness 38GPa, coefficient of friction 0.28.The milling cutter life-span is carried 2.9 times, compares with the milling cutter of uncoated composite coating, and cutting quality does not reduce.
By above-mentioned specific embodiment as can be known,
For outstanding above-mentioned technique effect with milling cutter of nano-composite coating of the present invention, also provide comparative example to compare, can find out that by contrast the present invention can provide the service life of milling cutter well, has good technique effect.
Comparative example one
Getting carbide alloy standard testing sample diameter is the PCB milling cutter of 0.8-1.2mm, deposited coatings behind oil removing, organic washing, rinsing and plasma cleaning.The hard alloy substrate temperature is made as 250
oC, depositing operation is controlled by industrial computer after setting.Matrix pulsed bias frequency 80KHz, bias voltage peak value-800V, dutycycle 40%, Ar flow 40ml/min opens ion plating Cr target, arc current 70A, Bombardment and cleaning 1min; Pulsed bias transfers to peak value-500V, dutycycle 40%, Ar flow 30ml/min, N
2Flow 300ml/min keeps ion plating Cr target current 70A, and the reaction of this stage Cr ion and nitrogen generates CrN, thereby at the transition zone of hard alloy substrate deposition CrN, plating CrN 15min; Close ion plating Cr target, keep bias voltage, Ar flow constant, N
2Flow 600ml/min opens modified magnetic filter ions coating machine, arc current 60A, plating CrN 60min.Plated film stops rear cooling and takes a sample after 20 minutes.Standard specimen coating layer thickness 2.5 μ m, cut adhesion 125N, 10g load lower surface composite hardness 27Gpa, coefficient of friction 0.3, the milling cutter life-span is without raising.
Comparative example two
Get carbide alloy standard testing sample diameter for being the PCB milling cutter of 0.8-1.2mm, deposited coatings behind oil removing, rust cleaning, organic washing and rinsing and plasma cleaning.Substrate temperature 250
oC, depositing operation is controlled by industrial computer after setting.Matrix pulsed bias frequency 80KHz, peak value-800V, dutycycle 40%, Ar flow 40ml/min opens ion plating Cr target, arc current 70A, Bombardment and cleaning 1min; Pulsed bias transfers to peak value-500V, dutycycle 40%, Ar flow 30ml/min, N
2Flow 300ml/min keeps ion plating Cr target current 70A, and the reaction of this stage Cr ion and nitrogen generates CrN, thereby at the transition zone of hard alloy substrate deposition CrN, plating CrN 15min; Close ion plating Cr target, keep bias voltage, Ar flow constant, N
2Flow 600ml/min opens modified magnetic filter ions coating machine, arc current 60A, plating AlTiN 60min.Plated film stops rear cooling and takes a sample after 20 minutes.Standard specimen coating layer thickness 2.7 μ m, cut adhesion 45N, 10g load lower surface composite hardness 35Gpa, coefficient of friction 0.3, milling cutter Service life 30%.
From above-mentioned two comparative examples, can find out, under the condition identical with the embodiment of the invention, if internal layer and skin all are deposition CrN, the milling cutter that obtains in such cases, service life is without any raising; If internal layer deposition CrN, and skin depositing Al TiN layer only, the life-span of milling cutter increases, and has also namely improved 1.3 times, but with the above embodiment of the present invention one to comparing, Service life also is unconspicuous.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present invention only, is not limited to the present invention, all any modifications within the spirit and principles in the present invention.Be equal to replacement and improvement etc.; all should be included within the protection of the present invention embodiment among the present invention and only be used for that the present invention will be described; do not consist of the restriction to the claim scope, other substituting of being equal in fact that those skilled in that art can expect are all at protection domain of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a PCB is with superhard wear chromium base composite coating mini milling cutter, it is characterized in that: the matrix of described mini milling cutter is carbide alloy, deposit on the described matrix surface as internal layer and outer field two-layer composite, described internal layer is transition zone, the material of described excessive layer is CrN, and its thickness is the 0.2-0.8 micron; Described skin is composite bed, and the material of described composite bed is AlCrTiN, and its thickness is the 1-4 micron.
2. a PCB as claimed in claim 1 is with the preparation method of superhard wear chromium base composite coating mini milling cutter, it is characterized in that having following steps: (1) is at first cleaned the cemented carbide substrate surfaces of described mini milling cutter, its temperature is made as 200-300 ℃, adopting ion plating technique deposition materials on described cemented carbide substrate surfaces is the transition zone of CrN, when adopting ion-plating deposition CrN transition zone, adopt pure Cr target, arc current is 60-80A, and introducing gas is Ar and N
2, the Ar flow is 20-40ml/min, N
2Flow is 200-400ml/min, adopts pulsed negative bias, and the bias voltage dutycycle is 30-50%, the bias voltage peak value be-500V extremely-700V; (2) adopting modified magnetic filter ions coating machine deposition materials at described transition zone obtained in the previous step is the composite bed of AlCrTiN, modified magnetic filter ions plated deposition AlCrTiN composite bed adopts pure Cr target and titanium-aluminum alloy target, keep bias voltage, Ar flow constant, N
2Flow is that the 400-600ml/min arc current is made as 60A, plating AlCrTiN layer 50-70min, and plated film stops rear cooling 20 minutes, then sampling.
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| CN103737092A (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2014-04-23 | 厦门金鹭特种合金有限公司 | Miniature PVD coat miller cutter for PCB, and making method thereof |
| CN103952660A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-07-30 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Composite material with a nitride film as well as preparation method and application of composite material |
| CN105861996A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-08-17 | 济宁学院 | Ti-Al-Cr-N-Mo-S multi-element compounded reinforced coating tool and preparation process thereof |
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