CN103005154A - Method for extracting oligopeptide in monosodium glutamate protein powder - Google Patents
Method for extracting oligopeptide in monosodium glutamate protein powder Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种以味精蛋白粉制备寡肽的方法,提供一种能规模化生产,不受时间限制,工艺简单,成本低,效率高的味精寡肽制备方法。本发明采用酶解法取味精蛋白粉按料水重量体积比1∶20-1∶100加水搅拌,放入80-95℃恒温水浴锅中10-20min,迅速降温至50℃-60℃,恒温持续5min,用1moL/L的HCl或1moL/L的NaOH调pH值为3-5,加入占底物重量1%-5%的酸性蛋白酶,持续搅拌2-4h后,沸水浴灭酶5min,快速冷却至室温,取上清液,4000r/min离心30min,取上清液,置于旋转蒸发仪中,60-70℃旋转蒸发,冷冻干燥,即得寡肽成品。经最佳条件制得的寡肽纯度可达70%以上。本提取方法以味精蛋白粉为原料制备寡肽,充分利用了工业上提取谷氨酸后剩余的高蛋白饲料原料,进一步拓展了饲料添加剂的资源。The invention relates to a method for preparing oligopeptides from monosodium glutamate protein powder, and provides a method for preparing monosodium glutamate oligopeptides capable of large-scale production, not limited by time, simple in process, low in cost and high in efficiency. The present invention adopts the enzymatic hydrolysis method to take monosodium glutamate protein powder according to the weight and volume ratio of material to water 1:20-1:100, add water and stir, put it into a constant temperature water bath at 80-95°C for 10-20min, quickly cool down to 50°C-60°C, and keep the constant temperature 5min, use 1moL/L HCl or 1moL/L NaOH to adjust the pH value to 3-5, add acid protease accounting for 1%-5% of the weight of the substrate, keep stirring for 2-4h, then inactivate the enzyme in a boiling water bath for 5min, quickly Cool to room temperature, take the supernatant, centrifuge at 4000r/min for 30min, take the supernatant, place it in a rotary evaporator, evaporate at 60-70°C, and freeze-dry to obtain the finished oligopeptide. The purity of oligopeptides prepared under optimal conditions can reach more than 70%. The extraction method uses monosodium glutamate protein powder as a raw material to prepare oligopeptides, fully utilizes the remaining high-protein feed raw materials after industrially extracting glutamic acid, and further expands the resources of feed additives.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属于一种废弃料再利用的方法,特别是一种从味精蛋白粉中提取寡肽的方法。 The invention belongs to a method for recycling waste materials, in particular to a method for extracting oligopeptides from monosodium glutamate protein powder.
背景技术 Background technique
目前随着具有各种生物活性肽的不断发现,寡肽的研究和开发日益受到各国科学家的关注。科学研究表明:寡肽具有抗氧化、抑制肿瘤、增强免疫力、促进动物体对蛋白质及各种有益元素的吸收等多种功效。作为基础营养物质,寡肽比氨基酸更易吸收,生物利用率高。迄今多肽的开发已成为热点。肽是指氨基酸彼此以肽键(酰胺键)相互连接的化合物,寡肽通常指的是2肽(di-peptide)与3肽(tri-peptide)。寡肽和蛋白质都是由氨基酸构成,从氨基酸营养的角度来分析,两者是一样的;但是寡肽的分子量比蛋白质小很多,而且有些寡肽具有蛋白质所没有的生理调节功能。按功能可把寡肽分为两大类,即功能性寡肽和营养学寡肽,功能性寡肽指能参与调节动物某些生理活动或具有某些特殊作用的寡肽,如抗菌肽、免疫肽、抗氧化肽、激素肽、表皮生长因子等,营养性寡肽是指不具有特殊生理调节功能,只为蛋白质合成提供氮架的小肽。作为基础营养物质,寡肽比氨基酸更易吸收,生物利用率高。 At present, with the continuous discovery of various biologically active peptides, the research and development of oligopeptides has increasingly attracted the attention of scientists from all over the world. Scientific research shows that oligopeptides have various functions such as anti-oxidation, tumor suppression, immunity enhancement, and promotion of animal body's absorption of protein and various beneficial elements. As basic nutrients, oligopeptides are easier to absorb than amino acids and have high bioavailability. So far, the development of peptides has become a hot spot. Peptides refer to compounds in which amino acids are connected to each other by peptide bonds (amide bonds), and oligopeptides generally refer to di-peptides and tri-peptides. Both oligopeptides and proteins are composed of amino acids. From the perspective of amino acid nutrition, they are the same; but the molecular weight of oligopeptides is much smaller than that of proteins, and some oligopeptides have physiological regulation functions that proteins do not have. According to the function, oligopeptides can be divided into two categories, namely functional oligopeptides and nutritional oligopeptides. Functional oligopeptides refer to oligopeptides that can participate in regulating certain physiological activities of animals or have certain special effects, such as antibacterial peptides, Immune peptides, antioxidant peptides, hormone peptides, epidermal growth factor, etc., nutritional oligopeptides refer to small peptides that do not have special physiological regulation functions, but only provide nitrogen framework for protein synthesis. As basic nutrients, oligopeptides are easier to absorb than amino acids and have high bioavailability.
味精蛋白粉(Monosodium glutamate protein powder)是在味精生产过程中,从发酵母液中提取谷氨酸后的废弃菌体及发酵底物等,经分离、干燥、磨粉后制成的一种高蛋白饲料原料。味精蛋白呈粉末状,含有较高的粗蛋白,但因提取工艺的不同,还是有很大的差异(50%~75%),味精蛋白的赖氨酸含量较高,比玉米蛋白粉高而和豆粕相当;蛋氨酸含量低于玉米蛋白粉而远远高于豆粕;谷氨酸含量很高,可提高饲料的鲜味,具有诱食作用,且天门冬氨酸和丙氨酸含量均比豆粕和玉米蛋白粉中的高。味精蛋白粉具有发酵产品的特点,含有丰富的B族维生素和各种酶,具特有微香,无异臭。同时味精发酵的原料是谷物,不含有抗营养因子和其他药物残留。随着我国养殖业生产的不断发展,对高效、安全的饲料添加剂需求越来越大,味精蛋白粉具有原料来源广泛、价格低廉,目前还未见到关于采用味精蛋白粉制备寡肽产品的报道,因此以味精蛋白粉为原料制备寡肽不仅能有效利用味精生产的副产品,还能进一步拓展饲料添加剂的资源,带来良好的社会效益和经济效益。 Monosodium glutamate protein powder (Monosodium glutamate protein powder) is in the process of monosodium glutamate production, after extracting glutamic acid from fermented yeast liquid and waste bacteria and fermentation substrates, etc., it is a high-quality protein powder made after separation, drying and grinding. Protein feed raw material. MSG protein is in powder form and contains high crude protein, but due to different extraction processes, there are still great differences (50%~75%). The content of lysine in MSG protein is higher than that of corn gluten powder. It is equivalent to soybean meal; the content of methionine is lower than that of corn gluten meal and much higher than that of soybean meal; the content of glutamic acid is very high, which can improve the umami taste of the feed and has the effect of attracting food, and the content of aspartic acid and alanine are higher than that of soybean meal and high in corn gluten meal. MSG protein powder has the characteristics of fermented products, rich in B vitamins and various enzymes, with a unique slight fragrance and no peculiar smell. At the same time, the raw material of MSG fermentation is grain, which does not contain anti-nutritional factors and other drug residues. With the continuous development of my country's aquaculture production, there is an increasing demand for efficient and safe feed additives. MSG protein powder has a wide range of raw material sources and low prices. At present, there are no reports on the use of MSG protein powder to prepare oligopeptide products. Therefore, the preparation of oligopeptides from monosodium glutamate protein powder can not only effectively utilize the by-products of monosodium glutamate production, but also further expand the resources of feed additives, bringing good social and economic benefits.
肽的制备方法有酶解法、发酵法、碱性水解法和酸性水解法、化学合成法等。目前国内外多用酶解法,酶法水解过程容易控制、条件温和。该技术用于肽的制备具有省时、高效、节能、成本低、污染小、容易实现产业化等优点。 The preparation methods of peptides include enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation, alkaline hydrolysis and acid hydrolysis, chemical synthesis and so on. At present, enzymatic hydrolysis is mostly used at home and abroad. The enzymatic hydrolysis process is easy to control and the conditions are mild. The technology used in the preparation of peptides has the advantages of time saving, high efficiency, energy saving, low cost, less pollution, and easy industrialization.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种从味精蛋白粉中提取寡肽的方法, 以味精蛋白粉为原料变废为宝,提取的寡肽纯度较高,操作过程较为简便易行,适于大规模生产。 The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for extracting oligopeptides from monosodium glutamate protein powder, using monosodium glutamate protein powder as raw material to turn waste into treasure, the extracted oligopeptides have high purity, the operation process is relatively simple and easy, and it is suitable for large-scale production .
本发明提供的技术方案其特征在于包括以下工艺步骤: The technical scheme provided by the present invention is characterized in that it comprises the following process steps:
(1)取味精蛋白粉,按料水重量体积比1:20-1:100加水搅拌; (1) Take monosodium glutamate protein powder, add water and stir according to the weight-volume ratio of material to water 1:20-1:100;
(2)放入80-95℃恒温水浴锅中10-20min,迅速降温至50-60℃,恒温持续5min; (2) Put it in a constant temperature water bath at 80-95°C for 10-20 minutes, quickly cool down to 50-60°C, and keep the temperature constant for 5 minutes;
(3)用1moL/L的HCL或1moL/L的NaOH调溶液pH值为3-5; (3) Use 1moL/L HCL or 1moL/L NaOH to adjust the pH of the solution to 3-5;
(4)加占底物重量1%-5%的酸性蛋白酶,持续搅拌2-4h后,沸水浴灭酶5min,快速冷却至室温; (4) Add acid protease accounting for 1%-5% of the weight of the substrate, continue stirring for 2-4 hours, inactivate the enzyme in a boiling water bath for 5 minutes, and quickly cool to room temperature;
(5)取上清液,4000r/min离心30min; (5) Take the supernatant and centrifuge at 4000r/min for 30min;
(6)将上清液置于旋转蒸发仪中,60-70℃旋转蒸发,冷冻干燥,即得寡肽成品。 (6) Place the supernatant in a rotary evaporator, evaporate at 60-70°C, and freeze-dry to obtain the finished oligopeptide.
经最佳条件提取出的寡肽纯度达70%以上。 The purity of the oligopeptides extracted under optimal conditions is over 70%.
本发明的积极效果:以水解度为指标,科学确定提取过程中的pH值、酶解温度、酶活添加量、底物浓度和酶解时间,提供了味精蛋白寡肽的最佳提取条件;利用酶解法提取味精蛋白寡肽,其纯度较高,操作过程较为简便易行,适于大规模生产。以味精蛋白粉为原料实现变废为宝,并且为小肽饲料添加剂的开发进一步提供理论基础和科学依据,拓展了饲料添加剂的资源。 The positive effects of the present invention: taking the degree of hydrolysis as an index, scientifically determine the pH value, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature, enzyme activity addition amount, substrate concentration and enzymatic hydrolysis time in the extraction process, and provide the best extraction conditions for monosodium glutamate protein oligopeptides; The monosodium glutamate protein oligopeptide is extracted by enzymatic hydrolysis, the purity is high, the operation process is relatively simple and easy, and it is suitable for large-scale production. Using monosodium glutamate protein powder as raw material realizes turning waste into treasure, and further provides theoretical basis and scientific basis for the development of small peptide feed additives, and expands the resources of feed additives.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面以实施例进一步说明本发明的实质内容,但本发明的内容不限于此。 Further illustrate the substantive content of the present invention below with embodiment, but content of the present invention is not limited thereto.
实施例1Example 1
(1)取5g味精蛋白粉,按料水重量体积比1:100加水搅拌; (1) Take 5g of monosodium glutamate protein powder, add water and stir according to the weight-to-volume ratio of material to water 1:100;
(2)放入90℃恒温水浴锅中15min后,迅速降温至55℃,恒温持续5min; (2) Put it in a 90°C constant temperature water bath for 15 minutes, then quickly cool down to 55°C, and keep the constant temperature for 5 minutes;
(3)用1moL/L的HCL或1moL/L的NaOH调溶液pH值为3-5; (3) Use 1moL/L HCL or 1moL/L NaOH to adjust the pH of the solution to 3-5;
(4)加入0.25g酸性蛋白酶,持续搅拌3h后,沸水浴灭酶5min,快速冷却至室温,取上清液; (4) Add 0.25g of acid protease, keep stirring for 3 hours, inactivate the enzyme in a boiling water bath for 5 minutes, quickly cool to room temperature, and take the supernatant;
(5)将上清液进行4000r/min离心30min,取上清液; (5) Centrifuge the supernatant at 4000r/min for 30min, and take the supernatant;
(6)将上清液置于旋转蒸发仪中,60-70℃旋转蒸发,冷冻干燥,即得寡肽成品。 (6) Place the supernatant in a rotary evaporator, evaporate at 60-70°C, and freeze-dry to obtain the finished oligopeptide.
实施例2Example 2
(1)取5g味精蛋白粉,按料水重量体积比1:100加水搅拌; (1) Take 5g of monosodium glutamate protein powder, add water and stir according to the weight-to-volume ratio of material to water 1:100;
(2)放入90℃恒温水浴锅中15min后,迅速降温至55℃,恒温持续5min; (2) Put it in a 90°C constant temperature water bath for 15 minutes, then quickly cool down to 55°C, and keep the constant temperature for 5 minutes;
(3)用1moL/L的HCL或1moL/L的NaOH调溶液pH值为3-5; (3) Use 1moL/L HCL or 1moL/L NaOH to adjust the pH of the solution to 3-5;
(4)加入0.05g酸性蛋白酶,持续搅拌2h后,沸水浴灭酶5min,快速冷却至室温,取上清液; (4) Add 0.05g of acid protease, keep stirring for 2 hours, inactivate the enzyme in a boiling water bath for 5 minutes, quickly cool to room temperature, and take the supernatant;
(5)将上清液进行4000r/min离心30min,取上清液; (5) Centrifuge the supernatant at 4000r/min for 30min, and take the supernatant;
(6)将上清液置于旋转蒸发仪中,60-70℃旋转蒸发,冷冻干燥,即得寡肽成品。 (6) Place the supernatant in a rotary evaporator, evaporate at 60-70°C, and freeze-dry to obtain the finished oligopeptide.
实施例3Example 3
(1)取5g味精蛋白粉,按料水重量体积比1:100加水搅拌; (1) Take 5g of monosodium glutamate protein powder, add water and stir according to the weight-to-volume ratio of material to water 1:100;
(2)放入90℃恒温水浴锅中15min后,迅速降温至55℃,恒温持续5min; (2) Put it in a 90°C constant temperature water bath for 15 minutes, then quickly cool down to 55°C, and keep the constant temperature for 5 minutes;
(3)用1moL/L的HCL或1moL/L的NaOH调溶液pH值为3-5; (3) Use 1moL/L HCL or 1moL/L NaOH to adjust the pH of the solution to 3-5;
(4) 加入0.15g酸性蛋白酶,持续搅拌4h后,沸水浴灭酶5min,快速冷却至室温,取上清液; (4) Add 0.15g of acid protease, keep stirring for 4 hours, inactivate the enzyme in a boiling water bath for 5 minutes, quickly cool to room temperature, and take the supernatant;
(5)将上清液进行4000r/min离心30min,取上清液; (5) Centrifuge the supernatant at 4000r/min for 30min, and take the supernatant;
(6)将上清液置于旋转蒸发仪中,60-70℃旋转蒸发,冷冻干燥,即得寡肽成品。 (6) Place the supernatant in a rotary evaporator, evaporate at 60-70°C, and freeze-dry to obtain the finished oligopeptide.
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周大伟等: "谷氨酸菌体蛋白的酶解条件优化", 《中国酿造》 * |
姚菁华等: "谷氨酸菌体蛋白的酶解试验研究", 《淮海工学院学报》 * |
王芙蓉等: "谷氨酸菌体蛋白酸水解及脱色工艺研究", 《食品科学》 * |
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Cited By (2)
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CN107494891A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-12-22 | 广东肇庆星湖生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method that mycoprotein makes animal food additive |
CN107494891B (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2020-12-15 | 广东肇庆星湖生物科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing animal food additive by using mycoprotein |
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