CN103003560B - 燃料输送装置 - Google Patents

燃料输送装置 Download PDF

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CN103003560B
CN103003560B CN201180035672.0A CN201180035672A CN103003560B CN 103003560 B CN103003560 B CN 103003560B CN 201180035672 A CN201180035672 A CN 201180035672A CN 103003560 B CN103003560 B CN 103003560B
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pressure
fuel
pump
delivery
delivery means
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CN103003560A (zh
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J·克劳斯
G·法伊特
A·佐梅雷尔
S·迈尔-扎尔费尔德
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/02Pumps peculiar thereto
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/22Varying quantity or timing by adjusting cylinder-head space
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/36Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages to pumping elements or overflow passages
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F02M63/023Means for varying pressure in common rails
    • F02M63/0235Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure
    • F02M63/025Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure from the common rail
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/46Details, component parts or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus covered by groups F02M69/02 - F02M69/44
    • F02M69/54Arrangement of fuel pressure regulators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C11/00Combinations of two or more machines or pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type; Pumping installations
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C14/00Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations
    • F04C14/02Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for several machines or pumps connected in series or in parallel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C14/00Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations
    • F04C14/24Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves
    • F04C14/26Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves using bypass channels
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/30Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C2/34Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C2/344Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C2/3441Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
    • F04C2/3442Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation the surfaces of the inner and outer member, forming the working space, being surfaces of revolution
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C14/00Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations
    • F04C14/18Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber
    • F04C14/22Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber by changing the eccentricity between cooperating members

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Details And Applications Of Rotary Liquid Pumps (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提出一种用于内燃机燃的料喷射装置的燃料输送装置,具有输送泵(10)和至少一个高压泵(16)。通过该输送泵(10)将燃料从贮存容器(12)输送给高压泵(16)的抽吸侧并且通过该高压泵(16)将燃料输送到一高压区域(18)。所述输送泵(10)具有可调节的排挤容积,由此可以在转速相同的情况下输送变化的燃料量。

Description

燃料输送装置
技术领域
本发明涉及用于内燃机的燃料喷射的燃料输送装置。
背景技术
由Robert Bosch GmbH的系列文献柴油蓄压喷射系统共轨(ISBN 978-3-86522-010-3)或EP 1 195 514 A2已知一种这样的燃料输送装置和其功能方式。该燃料输送装置具有电驱动的输送泵,通过它将燃料输送给高压泵的抽吸侧。通过高压泵将燃料输送到高压区域,从该高压区域至少间接地对燃料喷射装置的至少一个喷射器供给燃料。设置了一个电控制装置,它通过传感器装置得到高压区域中的压力的信号。通过该电控制装置能够可变地控制输送泵的电驱动,由此可以通过转速的变化来改变输送泵的燃料输送量。由此能够实现适配于运行条件的输送泵燃料输送量,但它具有高的驱动功率需求并且需要电的控制装置和传感器装置。
发明内容
按照本发明的燃料输送装置的优点是,该输送泵具有可调节的排挤容积,由此可以在转速相同的情况下输送变化的燃料量。通过在转速相同情况下改变燃料输送量的可能性,可以通过电驱动装置来调节燃料输送量并省去控制装置和传感器装置,由此可以节省成本。该输送泵可以机械驱动或电驱动,在相同转速情况下可改变其燃料输送量。
在该燃料输送装置的第一有利实施方式中,输送泵输送变化的燃料量,该燃料量在零输送量与最大量之间变化。最大量由输送泵的最大排挤容积确定。通过燃料输送量的宽的变化范围,能够使燃料输送量最佳地适应高压区域中的燃料需求。省去了附加的构件如输送泵的电驱动装置、用于调节电驱动装置的电控制装置或者使燃料输送量适应高压泵需求的计量单元(ZME)。
在本方法的有利改进方案中,通过控制压力来调节可调节的排挤容积。无需引用其它的外部控制装置来使输送泵的燃料输送量适应高压区域中的需求。此外省去了用于检测压力的传感器单元,因为不必确定压力,而是直接影响输送量。这降低了成本费用并且简化了低压回路的构造。
在另一有利改进方案中,所述控制压力是输送泵的压力侧上的燃料压力。在这种情况下输送泵最佳地适配于高压区域中的燃料需求。无需使用其它构件如溢流阀和计量单元。因为由输送泵始终输送高压泵所需的燃料量并且不必排出过多输送的燃料,因而减少了燃料消耗。
特别有利的是,所述控制压力是一安装在压力侧的燃料过滤器与该高压泵的抽吸侧之间的燃料压力。该输送泵与燃料过滤器的压力损失无关地调节高压泵抽吸侧上的压力。影响参数如燃料过滤器的负荷状态或由温度引起的燃料过滤器阻塞得到补偿。
另一优点是,所述控制压力是通往贮存容器的回流管中的燃料压力。在该解决方案中也减少了所使用的其它构件,因为可以省去计量单元。过多输送的燃料用作控制压力,由此能够不同地设计输送泵的调节元件。
根据设计不同,燃料由高压泵抽吸侧上的溢流阀控制排出到通往贮存容器的回流管中,或者燃料由高压区域中的调压阀控制排出到通往贮存容器的回流管中。
特别有利的是,所述控制压力是高压储存器中的燃料压力。由此得到一调节回路,它无需电实际值检测、电信号处理和电调节器地调节高压储存器中的压力。此外能够省去高压储存器上的调压阀。
另一优点是,可调节的排挤容积通过一调节压力来调节。该调节压力通过电控制装置和调压阀来改变。由此得到改变输送特征的可能性并由此受控地影响输送泵的燃料输送量。根据发动机运行点和/或根据高压储存器中的压力,可以改变对调节压力的设定,以改变排挤容积。
有利地使用叶片泵或外齿轮泵或滚子叶片泵或内齿轮泵或摆动盘泵作为具有可调节的输送容积的输送泵,因为可以利用已知的泵结构方式并减少研发费用。
附图说明
在附图中示出本发明的优选实施例并且在下面的说明书中详细解释。附图示出:
图1相应于本发明第一实施例的燃料输送装置的示意图,
图2用于燃料输送装置、具有可调节的排挤容积的泵的示意剖面图,
图3相应于本发明第二实施例的燃料输送装置的示意图,
图4相应于本发明第三实施例的燃料输送装置的示意图,
图5相应于本发明第四实施例的燃料输送装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1示出相应于本发明第一实施例的燃料输送装置的示意图。该燃料输送装置具有输送泵10,该输送泵从贮存容器12抽吸燃料。通过输送泵10将燃料输送给至少一个高压泵16的抽吸侧,该高压泵同样是燃料输送装置的组成部分。输送泵10的驱动可以机械式地通过离合器、齿轮或齿形带由马达或高压泵实现。替换地,输送泵10可以具有电驱动装置,该电驱动装置能够以变化的功率并由此以变化的转速或者以恒定的功率和转速来运行。
通过所述至少一个高压泵16将燃料输送到燃料输送装置的高压区域18中,该高压区域例如包括高压储存器18。从高压区域18对一个或多个喷射器20供给燃料,其中,为内燃机的每个缸配置了一个喷射器20。
输送泵10可以布置在高压泵16上、集成于高压泵中或者远离高压泵地布置,例如布置在贮存容器12中或者贮存容器12与高压泵16之间的液压管路中。高压泵16具有至少一个泵元件,该泵元件又具有一泵活塞,该泵活塞被驱动往复运动。高压泵16可以具有自己的驱动轴,通过该驱动轴经凸轮或偏心轮引起泵活塞的往复运动。高压泵16的驱动轴机械地例如通过传动装置或皮带传动由内燃机驱动,使得高压泵16的转速与内燃机的转速成比例。替换地也可以规定,高压泵16没有自己的驱动轴,而是通过内燃机的轴的偏心轮或凸轮引起泵活塞的往复运动。在此也可以设置多个高压泵16。替换地也可以设置液压操作装置。
输送泵10可以离开所述至少一个高压泵16布置,例如也布置在贮存容器12中。在此输送泵10通过液压管路6与所述至少一个高压泵16的抽吸侧连接。在该液压管路中可设置燃料过滤器38,用于防止污物颗粒进入到高压泵16和高压区域18中。
在高压区域18中可设置一调压阀22,通过该调压阀来控制高压区域18中存在的压力。如果在高压区域18中存在过高的压力,则多余的燃料可以通过调压阀22经液压管路2进入通往贮存容器12的回流管8中。由此在高压区域18中可以根据内燃机的运行参数来调整所需的压力。
来自高压泵16的驱动区域的多余燃料可以通过液压管路28被引导到回流管8并从而引导到贮存容器12。如果由输送泵10向高压泵16的抽吸侧输送了比所需更多的燃料,则多余的燃料可以通过高压泵16上的溢流阀34经液压管路28被引导到回流管8并从而引导到贮存容器12。
此外,喷射器20的燃料回流可以经液压管路4引导到回流管8并从而引导到贮存容器12。
在图2中在燃料输送装置的示意性剖视图中示例地示出可调节的排挤容积的泵。该泵具有壳体40,在该壳体中存在具有至少一个或多个叶片44的转子42。转子42绕一垂直于图面穿过中心点M1的轴线旋转。
圆形的定子环46由第一调节活塞48和第二调节活塞50夹紧。这两个调节活塞相互对置。还可以存在定子环46的通过未示出的高度调整螺栓实现的另一支承点。圆形的定子环46的轴线穿过中心点M2延伸。第一调节活塞48的背面通过液压管路26被加载以控制压力。该控制压力在所描述的实施例中由燃料输送装置内部的燃料压力提供。第二调节活塞50与第一调节活塞48相反作用并且由弹簧52保持在确定的位置中。通过该控制压力和弹簧力,两个力在相反的方向上作用于定子环46上。
在定子环46内部,被电驱动或机械驱动的转子42旋转,在转子中被导向的叶片44通过离心力压到定子环46上。为输送燃料所需的单元室54由于转子42的旋转而逐渐加大,通过抽吸通道56被充注以燃料,该抽吸通道从贮存容器12抽吸燃料。随着达到最大单元室容积,单元室54与抽吸侧分开,在继续旋转时与压力侧连接。在继续旋转时,单元室54变窄并且通过压力通道58将液体挤压到通往高压泵16抽吸侧的液压管路中。
根据由燃料压力而在第一调节活塞48上产生的力和弹簧52施加在第二调节活塞50上的力,定子环46在壳体中移动。如果两个力一样大,则定子环位于中间位置并且两个中心点M1和M2重合。在这种情况下燃料输送量返回到零输送量,即输送量为零。
如果燃料压力下降,使得由弹簧52产生的力大于由燃料压力在第一调节活塞48上产生的力,则弹簧52使定子环46移动到一偏心位置,在该位置,中心点M1和M2不再重合。因为抽吸侧与压力侧被相互分开,输送泵10又排挤燃料。随着中心点M1和M2的距离增大,泵的排挤容积增大。
输送泵10可以以相同的转速或者变化的转速通过机械的或电的驱动装置运行。输送泵10的转速影响输送的燃料量。通过调节控制压力可以在转速相同的情况下输送变化的燃料量。
具有可调节的输送容积的输送泵10的一个例子是Bosch Rexroth的“PV7型可调叶片泵”,它在结构上与所描述的输送泵10相同,但必须适应燃料输送装置的尺寸和要求。
替换地,作为具有可调的输送容积的输送泵10也可以使用外齿轮泵或滚子叶片泵或者内齿轮泵或者摆动盘泵。在公开文献DE 101 02 531 A1中描述了可调流量的摆动盘泵的示例。
在按照图1的实施例中,控制压力是输送泵10的压力侧6上的燃料压力。通过液压管路26,该控制压力作用于第一调节活塞48上并因此影响输送泵10的排挤容积。如果设有压力侧的燃料过滤器38,则可以替换地将燃料过滤器38与高压泵16之间的高压泵16抽吸侧的压力用作控制压力。
如果由于运行条件变化而在短时间由输送泵10向高压泵16输送比所需更多的燃料,则在液压管路6中建立提高的压力。液压管路6中的该压力根据过多输送的燃料的量而提高。由于压力升高,第一调节活塞48上的控制压力升高,输送泵10的排挤容积减小并且由此燃料输送量减小。输送泵10的燃料量适应高压泵16的需求。如果液压管路6中的燃料压力因为高压泵16具有增加的燃料需求而下降,则控制压力也下降并且输送泵10提高燃料输送量。输送泵10的燃料输送量适应高压泵16的需求。
为了简化低压回路而达到相同的效果,可以将输送泵10调节到自己的输送压力上。
图3示出本发明的另一实施例。在此控制压力是通往贮存容器12的回流管8中的燃料压力。通过节流装置24,在通往贮存容器12的回流管8中建立燃料压力,该燃料压力经液压管路26或者直接与输送泵10的第一调节活塞48连接。如果通过未示出的射流泵而在通往贮存容器12的回流管8中存在背压,则可以省去通往贮存容器12的回流管8中的节流装置24。
如果由于运行条件变化而短时间由输送泵10向高压泵16输送比所需更多的燃料,则借助于溢流阀34控制多余的燃料经液压管路28排出到回流管8。回流管8中的压力根据过多输送的燃料的量而提高。通过回流管8中的压力提高,第一调节活塞48上的控制压力升高,输送泵10的排挤容积减小并由此减少燃料输送量。如果仅少量燃料被控制从溢流阀34排出到回流管8中,则控制压力降低并且输送泵10提高燃料输送量。输送泵10的燃料输送量适应高压泵16的燃料需求。
替换地,燃料可以由高压区域18中的调压阀22控制排出到通往贮存容器12的回流管8中。在此调压阀可以直接位于高压储存器18上或者位于高压泵16上或者位于高压泵16与高压储存器18之间。在此由一电控制单元控制调压阀22。如果在高压区域18中存在比所需更高的压力,则借助于调压阀22控制多余的燃料排出。回流管8中的压力根据排出的燃料量而升高。由于燃料回流增加,节流装置24前面的回流管8中的压力升高并且第一调节活塞48上的控制压力升高。输送泵10的排挤容积减小并且因此燃料输送量减少。如果由调压阀22只控制排出少量燃料到回流管8中,则控制压力降低并且输送泵10提高燃料输送量。
图4示出本发明的另一实施方式。在此控制压力是高压储存器18中的燃料压力。通过液压管路26,高压区域18中的压力直接作用于输送泵10的第一调节活塞48上并由此影响输送泵10的排挤容积。如果高压储存器18中存在太高的压力,则输送泵10的燃料输送量降低,如果高压储存器18中的压力太低,则输送泵10的燃料输送量提高,否则输送量保持恒定。
在本发明的所有实施方式中,为了控制对排挤容积的影响,对第二调节活塞50的背面加载以调节压力。由此,由弹簧52的力和该调节压力合成的力作用于第二调节活塞50上。作用于第二调节活塞50上的调节压力来自燃料输送装置的任意位置并且应低于作用于第一调节活塞48背面上的控制压力。
图5示出本发明的另一实施方式。在此调节压力是输送泵10压力侧上的燃料压力。调节压力通过与电控制装置19连接的调压阀15控制。电控制装置19与高压区域18中的压力传感器17连接,该压力传感器将关于高压区域18中的压力的信息提供给电控制装置19。根据高压区域18中的压力,电控制装置19调节调压阀15并因此通过控制调节压力来影响输送泵10的输送量。不需要的燃料通过液压管路排出到贮存容器12中。通过调压阀15能够无级地调节施加在输送泵10的第二调节活塞50上的力。通过改变调节压力来改变输送泵10的输送特性并且在控制压力相同的情况下得到输送泵10的不同排挤容积。

Claims (13)

1.用于内燃机的燃料喷射装置的燃料输送装置,具有输送泵(10)并具有至少一个高压泵(16),其中,通过输送泵(10)将燃料从贮存容器(12)输送给该高压泵(16)的抽吸侧并且通过该高压泵(16)将燃料输送给一高压区域(18),其特征在于,所述输送泵(10)具有可调节的排挤容积,由此可以在所述输送泵(10)的转速相同的情况下输送变化的燃料量,
其中,该可调节的排挤容积通过一控制压力来调节,该控制压力通过液压管路(26)作用于所述输送泵(10)的调节活塞(48)上。
2.如权利要求1所述的燃料输送装置,其特征在于,所述输送泵(10)输送可变的燃料量,该燃料量在零输送量与最大量之间变化,其中,该最大量由该输送泵(10)的最大排挤容积给出。
3.如权利要求1所述的燃料输送装置,其特征在于,所述控制压力是输送泵(10)的压力侧上的燃料压力。
4.如权利要求1所述的燃料输送装置,其特征在于,所述控制压力是燃料过滤器(38)与高压泵(16)抽吸侧之间的燃料压力。
5.如权利要求1所述的燃料输送装置,其特征在于,所述控制压力是通往贮存容器(12)的回流管(8)中的燃料压力。
6.如权利要求1所述的燃料输送装置,其特征在于,所述控制压力是所述高压区域(18)中的燃料压力。
7.如权利要求5所述的燃料输送装置,其特征在于,燃料由高压泵(16)抽吸侧上的溢流阀(34)控制排出到通往贮存容器(12)的回流管(8)中。
8.如权利要求5所述的燃料输送装置,其特征在于,燃料由高压区域(18)中的调压阀(22)控制排出到通往贮存容器(12)的回流管(8)中。
9.如权利要求1所述的燃料输送装置,其特征在于,该可调节的排挤容积附加地通过一调节压力来影响。
10.如权利要求9所述的燃料输送装置,其特征在于,该调节压力通过一调压阀(15)来调整。
11.如权利要求9或10所述的燃料输送装置,其特征在于,该调节压力根据发动机运行点和/或根据高压储存器中的压力来调整。
12.如权利要求1所述的燃料输送装置,其特征在于,所述输送泵(10)是可调节的叶片泵、可调节的外齿轮泵、可调节的内齿轮泵或可调节的摆动盘泵。
13.如权利要求1所述的燃料输送装置,其特征在于,所述输送泵(10)是可调节的滚子叶片泵。
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