CN102972384B - Intelligent meloidogyne drip-irrigation preventing device - Google Patents
Intelligent meloidogyne drip-irrigation preventing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102972384B CN102972384B CN201210479783.7A CN201210479783A CN102972384B CN 102972384 B CN102972384 B CN 102972384B CN 201210479783 A CN201210479783 A CN 201210479783A CN 102972384 B CN102972384 B CN 102972384B
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- fluid reservoir
- magnetic valve
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- liquid
- inlet
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent meloidogyne drip-irrigation preventing device, comprising an ozone generating device, a refrigerator, a heat exchanger, a liquid collecting tank and a liquid storage tank, wherein the heat exchanger is provided with a circulating water inlet, a circulating water outlet, two cooling inlets and one cooling outlet; a water outlet of the refrigerator is communicated with the circulating water inlet of the heat exchanger, and a water return port of the refrigerator is communicated with the circulating water outlet of the heat exchanger; an outlet of a filter is communicated with an air inlet of the ozone generator; an air outlet of the ozone generator is communicated with one cooling inlet of the heat exchanger by a first electromagnetic valve; the ozone generator is electrically connected with an ozone generation controller; the other cooling inlet of the heat exchanger is connected with pure water by a second electromagnetic valve; a liquid inlet of the liquid collecting tank is communicated with the cooling outlet of the heat exchanger and the liquid storage tank; a liquid-feeding electromagnetic valve is arranged between the liquid inlet of the liquid collecting tank and the liquid storage tank; and oxygen-dissolved plant extract is obtained by plant extract and ozone water under low temperature. The intelligent meloidogyne drip-irrigation preventing device adopts the oxygen-dissolved plant extract to prevent meloidogyne and has the advantages of good preventing effect and no pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of equipment of preventing and treating root nematode, specifically, relate to a kind of intelligent root nematode drip irrigation control device.
Background technology
The expansion of winter warm type vegetable growing area, continuous cropping for many years, the excessive chemical fertilizer of using are the main causes that causes the soil-borne disease of root nematode to be on the rise.Vegetable root nematode main harm root, the outstanding behaviours of symptom is on the root of the solanaceous vegetableses such as tomato, eggplant, capsicum, to form beading, size like the large root knot of the grain of rice, forms the block root knot of enlargement at the lateral root of beans and gourd vegetables.Because root is injured, carry the ability of nutrient and moisture to decline, or the jaundice of Plant Leaf look thin out, plant are short and small, a little less than growth potential, are injured when serious, plant can wilt, withered.The various vegetables such as normal harm sponge gourd, cucumber, sponge gourd, balsam pear, muskmelon, custard squash, tomato, eggplant, capsicum, the serious underproduction more than 60%, is even had no harvest.
Meanwhile, root nematode is also increased the weight of the occurrence and harm of the soil-borne diseases such as melon and fruit dish fusarium wilt, root rot, and root nematode disease has become vegetable growing and produced the most serious a kind of " cancer ", has seriously hindered the development that pollution-free vegetable produces.
Because root nematode host range is wide, occur in again in soil, to control, bring very big difficulty.At present, chemical control is still the topmost prophylactico-therapeutic measures of phytotrophy root nematode disease evil, but nematocide exists the problems such as large, the residual height of toxicity, high, the easy contaminated environment of cost, Environmental compatibility be poor.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is for above deficiency, provides a kind of intelligent root nematode drip irrigation pollution-free, that control efficiency is good to prevent and treat device.
For overcoming the above problems, the technology used in the present invention mode is: intelligent root nematode drip irrigation control device, is characterized in that: described control device comprises ozone generating-device, refrigerator, heat exchanger, liquid collecting tank, fluid reservoir;
Heat exchanger is provided with circulating water intake, circulating water outlet, two cooling imports and a coolant outlet;
The delivery port of refrigerator is communicated with the circulating water intake of heat exchanger, and the water return outlet of refrigerator is communicated with the circulating water outlet of heat exchanger;
Ozone generating-device comprises filter, air pump, ozone generator and ozone generator controller, the outlet of filter is communicated with the air inlet of ozone generator through air pump, gas outlet first magnetic valve of ozone generator is communicated with a cooling import of heat exchanger, and ozone generator is electrically connected to ozone generator controller;
Another cooling import of heat exchanger connects pure water through the second magnetic valve;
Liquid collecting tank is provided with inlet and liquid outlet; The inlet of liquid collecting tank is communicated with the coolant outlet of heat exchanger, fluid reservoir; Between the inlet of liquid collecting tank and fluid reservoir, be provided with liquid inlet electromagnetic valve;
In fluid reservoir, fill plant extraction liquid.
Further improvement as technique scheme:
Described fluid reservoir comprises the first fluid reservoir and the second fluid reservoir; Liquid inlet electromagnetic valve comprises the 3rd magnetic valve, the 4th magnetic valve; The 3rd magnetic valve is connected between the first fluid reservoir and the inlet of liquid collecting tank; The 4th magnetic valve is connected between the second fluid reservoir and the inlet of liquid collecting tank.
Described the first magnetic valve, the second magnetic valve, the 3rd magnetic valve, the 4th magnetic valve are electrically connected with proportional controller;
Proportional controller is according to the ratio of ozone, pure water, the first fluid reservoir implants extract and the second fluid reservoir implants extract set, control the first magnetic valve, the second magnetic valve, the 3rd magnetic valve, the 4th magnetic valve action, the first fluid reservoir implants extract, the second fluid reservoir implants extract and cooled Ozone Water, in liquid collecting in-tank mixing, are carried out to drip irrigation through the liquid outlet of liquid collecting tank to vegetables.
Described plant extraction liquid is by 40 parts of 15 parts of 200 parts fresh of born sub-fruits, lycopod grass and melia toosendan skins, through mechanical presses, obtains juice, then adds 10 parts of powdered glucoses and pure water is mixed with plant extraction liquid, and the percentage by weight of juice is 5%-10%.
In described the first fluid reservoir, fill percentage by weight and be 5% plant extraction liquid.
In described the second fluid reservoir, fill percentage by weight and be 10% plant extraction liquid.
The present invention takes above technical scheme, compared with prior art, have the following advantages: plant extraction liquid and Ozone Water are obtained to dissolved oxygen plant extraction liquid at low temperatures, adopt this dissolved oxygen plant extraction liquid control root nematode, its active component as organic acid, glyceric acid, polypeptidase etc. can penetrate, protects wax layer and outer endepidermis layer arrives dermal cell, suppress the decomposition of dermal cell and synthesize, causing dermal cell generation physiological to change, affecting normal physiological function.Make root nematode larval digest and decompose of endepidermis layer in old epidermis in the process of casting off a skin, and synthetic, the secretion of new epidermis and deposition forming process cannot normally complete smoothly, the old epidermis of final appearance is difficult to slough off, the new thin soft various lopsided symptom of epidermis, and control efficiency is good, pollution-free; Proportional controller is according to the ratio of ozone, pure water, the first fluid reservoir implants extract and the second fluid reservoir implants extract set, control the first magnetic valve, the second magnetic valve, the 3rd magnetic valve, the 4th magnetic valve action, by the first fluid reservoir implants extract, the second fluid reservoir implants extract and cooled Ozone Water in liquid collecting in-tank mixing, through liquid outlet, vegetables are carried out to drip irrigation, realize intelligent.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the front portion structure schematic diagram of embodiment of the present invention medium-height trestle;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the rear structure schematic diagram of embodiment of the present invention medium-height trestle;
The connection diagram of accompanying drawing 3 for preventing and treating device in the embodiment of the present invention;
In figure,
1-support, 2-refrigerator, 3-heat exchanger, 4-liquid collecting tank, 5-the first fluid reservoir, 6-the second fluid reservoir, 7-filter, 8-air pump, 9-ozone generator, 10-ozone generator controller, 11-the first magnetic valve, 12-the second magnetic valve, 13-the 3rd magnetic valve, 14-the 4th magnetic valve, 15-proportional controller.
Embodiment
Embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, intelligent root nematode drip irrigation control device, comprises support 1, support 1 is provided with ozone generating-device, refrigerator 2, heat exchanger 3, liquid collecting tank 4 and fluid reservoir, fills plant extraction liquid in fluid reservoir;
Liquid collecting tank 4 is provided with three inlets and a liquid outlet;
The inlet of liquid collecting tank 4 is communicated with coolant outlet, the fluid reservoir of heat exchanger 3; Between the inlet of liquid collecting tank 4 and fluid reservoir, be provided with liquid inlet electromagnetic valve;
The delivery port of refrigerator 2 is communicated with the circulating water intake of heat exchanger 3, and the water return outlet of refrigerator 2 is communicated with the circulating water outlet of heat exchanger 3;
Ozone generating-device comprises filter 7, air pump 8, ozone generator 9 and ozone generator controller 10, the outlet of filter 7 is communicated with the air inlet of ozone generator 9 through air pump 8, gas outlet first magnetic valve 11 of ozone generator 9 is communicated with a cooling import of heat exchanger 3, and ozone generator 9 is electrically connected to ozone generator controller 10;
Another cooling import of heat exchanger 3 connects pure water through the second magnetic valve 12, and ozone and pure water, at the interior combination cooling of heat exchanger 3, obtain Ozone Water;
Fluid reservoir comprises the first fluid reservoir 5 and the second fluid reservoir 6; Liquid inlet electromagnetic valve comprises the 3rd magnetic valve 13, the 4th magnetic valve 14;
The first fluid reservoir 5 is through an inlet of the 3rd magnetic valve 13 connected set flow containers 4; The second fluid reservoir 6 is through another inlet of the 4th magnetic valve 14 connected set flow containers 4; The 3rd inlet of liquid collecting tank 4 is communicated with the coolant outlet of heat exchanger 3;
The first magnetic valve 11, the second magnetic valve 12, the 3rd magnetic valve 13, the 4th magnetic valve 14 is electrically connected to proportional controller 15, proportional controller 15 is according to the ozone of setting, pure water, the ratio of the first fluid reservoir 5 implants extracts and the second fluid reservoir 6 implants extracts, control the first magnetic valve 11, the second magnetic valve 12, the 3rd magnetic valve 13, the action of the 4th magnetic valve 14, by cooled ozone and pure water mixture, the first fluid reservoir 5 implants extracts and the second fluid reservoir 6 implants extracts are in the interior mixing of liquid collecting tank 4, obtain dissolved oxygen vegetation water, through the liquid outlet of liquid collecting tank 4, vegetables are carried out to drip irrigation.
Get the material of following weight portion:
Get 40 parts of 200 parts fresh of born sub-fruits, 15 parts of fresh lycopod grass and fresh melia toosendan skins, by mechanical presses, obtain juice, then add 10 parts of powdered glucoses and pure water is mixed with plant extraction liquid, the percentage by weight of juice is 5%-10%.
In the first fluid reservoir 5, fill percentage by weight and be 5% plant extraction liquid, in the second fluid reservoir 6, fill percentage by weight and be 10% plant extraction liquid, can by proportional controller 15, be controlled as required the consumption of the first fluid reservoir 5 implants extracts and the second fluid reservoir 6 implants extracts.
Ozone Water under plant extraction liquid and low-temperature condition is mixed to get dissolved oxygen vegetation water.
With upper member, be known products, can on market, buy.
Test shows, take air as raw material, and the ozone producing under frequency conversion high pressure conditions, is colourless gas under normal temperature and pressure, when concentration reaches 15%, be light blue, be slightly soluble in water, by comparative trial repeatedly, find, the different solubility of ozone in water under different temperatures, under low-temperature condition, the solvability of ozone in water is high, ozone in water the solvability under condition of different temperatures as following table;
| Temperature (℃) | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 |
| Solvability (mg/L) | 1.13 | 0.78 | 0.57 | 0.41 | 0.28 | 0.19 | 0.10 |
Ozone is a kind of very strong oxidant, after ozone is water-soluble, decompose the necessary enzyme of pathogenic microorganism internal oxidation glucose, thereby the cell membrane of destroy microorganisms kills pathogenic microorganism in the direct oxidation of vegetable surface energy.Test shows: the Ozone Water of 0.80 mg/L can be killed the intractable germs such as airborne gemma.Ozone sterilization and chemical pesticide sterilization comparison, it is advantageous that in organism and do not have any medicament residue, there is no secondary pollution.
Test shows, ozone is water insoluble under normal temperature state, and the different solubility of ozone in water under different low-temperature conditions, in order to improve the concentration of Ozone Water, is first controlled at water temperature 7-8 ℃ of left and right, then the O that ozone generator is produced
3be filled with in water at low temperature, solvability reaches 0.7mg/L, and pathogenic microbe killing has good effect.
Proportional controller selects to adopt " MC68HC908AP64 " microcontroller of the up-to-date research and development of Motorola; Bus operating frequency 8M,, 64k flash memory, 8 road 10bit analog input mouths, 4 road timer inputs, 8 bit data bus, a common SCI port, an infrared SCI port, a SPI port, general parallel I/O port, possesses and interrupts and multiple reset mode.This function of the MCU is powerful, and extended capability is abundant, has expanded 5 digital quantity input ports, 5 analog input ports and 4 expansion slot by other logic chips.
The control efficiency of dissolved oxygen vegetation water is tested in 2011 Nian4-7Yue Shandong Province vegetables engineering research institute ecological laboratories and is carried out, and pot experiment is carried out in high-tech vegetables Technology Park, 8-11 Yue Shouguang City in 2010 demonstration booth.
Experimental instrument
One of light microscope, one, electron microscope, 10 of glass culture dishs, 2 of disecting microscopes, 1 of electronic balance, 12 pairs of rubber glovess, each 2, the magnifying glass of 10 to 20 times, 1 kilogram, paraffin, 20, blade, 5 of tweezers, 10,100mL, 200mL measuring cup, produce two of the cauldrons of plant extraction liquid, 10 of miniaturised nebulisers (800mL), 1 of pesticide sprayer (5KG), acetone 100mL, 100 two of object screen packs, 5 of balances etc.
Soil sample is taked in being extracted near the serious green house of vegetables of the knot root eelworm harm vegetables science and technology demonstration of Shouguang of test material and vegetation water, is seeded to and on tomato seedling, carries out artificial propagation.From infecting the fresh egg capsule of tomato old complaint picking of root nematode, be placed in culture dish (d=6cm), 1 of the moistening filter paper of ware heelpiece, is placed in the incubator of 25 ± 1 ℃, and after 5～7d, when ovum hatching produces a large amount of 2 instar larvae, collection root nematode is standby.Get old complaint more consistent egg capsule of picking size under anatomical lens, the clorox surface sterilization 3-4min with 1%, rinsed with sterile water 4-5 time, standby.
Get 5%, 10% plant extraction liquid and 5%, 10% dissolved oxygen vegetation water and 1.8% Avermectin, 20% nematode carries out comparative trial only.
Test method
In the greenhouse of Shouguang high-tech vegetables Demonstration Garden, collect the larvae and eggs of root nematode, test after the numerous foster generation of indoor culture dish, select growth 2 day old larva of neat and consistent and the ovum of 4 ages in days and carry out following comparative trial.
1, the test of root nematode larval
The root nematode larval of selecting 2 ages in days of growing neat and consistent is 27 ℃ in room temperature, air humidity is under 34% same environmental condition, with the medicine of heterogeneity and content, carry out polypide spray testing, with polypide, by even spraying, to medicine, be advisable, control group is the normal development state of larva under same environmental condition, processes and each 4 times repetitions of contrast.
In each culture dish (d=2.5cm, 12 orifice plates), add 50 root nematodes, process and to add respectively that 5% vegetation water, 10% vegetation water, 5% dissolved oxygen vegetation water, 10% dissolved oxygen vegetation water, 1.8% Avermectin, 20% nematode are clean, control group adds 3mL aqua sterilisa.Process and each 4 times repetitions of contrast.Be positioned in 25 ℃ of incubators, after 48h by the dead quantity of needle contact method microscopy root nematode, to the control rate of vegetables root nematode in two ages as following table:
Test shows, different medicaments have different effects to suppressing the change ovum of root nematode larval, with 5%, 10% dissolved oxygen plant extraction liquid, are sprayed onto after polypide, and larva shows as mobility and reduces gradually, is chronic death; And other reagent sprays are after polypide, most polypides are subject in the short time, being dead state after drug effect.And by comparative trial, take 10% dissolved oxygen vegetation water as best effectively concentration, and surpassing 10% dissolved oxygen vegetation water, concentration is not directly proportional to effect.In this process, after ozone under low-temperature condition is water-soluble, play a part very importantly, ozone can be cleared up the periostracum of chorion, protein degradation, thus vegetation water is infected, and root nematode substance in vivo is destroyed to utilization completely.
2, the test of root line eggs
The ovum of selecting 4 ages in days of growing neat and consistent is 27 ℃ in room temperature, air humidity is with after 500 times of the drug dilutions of heterogeneity under 34% same environmental condition, carry out polypide droplet test, control group is the normal development under same environmental condition, at 2,6,10 and 14 d, by dissecting Microscopic observation ovum, hatch number respectively, and calculate the inhibiting rate of egg capsule hatching, result is as following table:
Test shows, by carry out the polypide droplet test of different medicaments to growing the ovum of 4 ages in days, through 2,6,10 and the observation of 14d find, all processed group have inhibitory action in various degree to southern root line eggs hatching.During 14d, 10% dissolved oxygen vegetation water inhibitory action is the most obvious, inhibiting rate is up to 81.32%, higher than the independent vegetation water of same concentrations and dissolved oxygen water, and variable concentrations vegetation water liquid has been compared significant difference to the inhibiting rate of southern root knot root line eggs hatching with dissolved oxygen vegetation water Combined Processing.With after plant extraction liquid drop oophyte, the growth of ovum performance slowly, dead gradually in the incomplete process of casting off a skin.And other component medicament point drips to after oophyte, the mobility of oophyte just starts to decline at short notice, then starts death.
The microsection manufacture of test polypide epidermis
For the further Toxicity Analysis to 10% dissolved oxygen vegetation water, to the polypide after 144 hours with different medicament dripping-drop atomizations, carry out microsection manufacture, chamber microscopic examination is analyzed by experiment.
1, paraffin section is made: to the larva of processing 2 ages in days with 10% dissolved oxygen vegetation water and other medicament drops, the lopsided polypide that just occurs symptom is fixed with picric acid fixer, the paraffin in the whole cross section of polypide is cut into slices, with haematine-Yihong double staining, terpineol dehydration is transparent, the situation of tissues observed structural change after mounting.Control group is selected under same environmental conditions identical with teratoid egg developmental stage, without the polypide crosscut of plant extraction liquid spraying, carries out paired observation.
2, the making of ultra-thin section and viewed in transmittance: the larva of processing 2 age in days vegetables with 10% dissolved oxygen vegetation water drop, the lopsided larva that getting to cast off a skin enters 7 ages in days, dissecting body wall fixes with glutaraldehyde-osmic acid, ethanol dehydration, epoxy resin embedding, ultra-thin section, amplifies with transmission electron microscope the tissue growth situation that 3000---5000 doubly observes body wall dermal cell and inside and outside epidermal structure.Control group is selected with 7 day old larva that start to cast off a skin, to make to cut into slices under same environmental conditions and is observed.
3, the analysis of cuticle component is prepared: by chest 1-3 joint and the belly 1-3 joint body section of 10% dissolved oxygen vegetation water drop vegetable root nematode larval, treat abnormal ovum on the first appearance, select 100 of the lopsided larvas of " larva-ovum " intermediate, with pure water, clean root nematode body surface, dissect and remove digestive system, fat etc., remain complete body wall, the crosscut of belly 2-3 internode is divided into leading portion and back segment.Pre-ovum epidermis and the oophyte wall of each section are separated to (being called procuticle and new epidermis).
Control group is under same environmental conditions, and the polypide that is about to casting off a skin ovum carries out same procedure processing.The new and old epidermis of each body section is clean with purified rinse water, and suck dry moisture is placed in ultrared drier and dries.With electronic analytical balance, record the dry mass of new, the procuticle of each body section.With filter paper, wrap dry epidermis and pack Soxhlet extraction equipment for fat into, with benzinum backflow degreasing 24 hours.Epidermis after degreasing is dried to title quality again.The difference of the epidermal stem quality before and after degreasing is crude fat content.Again the dry epidermis after degreasing is boiled to 50min with saturated sodium hydroxide solution in the glycerol bath of 160 ℃, after alkaline hydrolysis protein, remain transparent chitin residue, be put on filter paper and slowly rinse well with distilled water, suck moisture, dry permanent quality.According to the Mass Calculation of chitin residue, go out chitin content.And calculate crude protein content by the difference of degreasing epidermal stem quality and chitin quality.The processing of simultaneously carrying out same way with 20% nematode clean (300ug/mL) and sterile water under same environmental conditions in contrast.
The chemical examination constituent analysis of plant extraction liquid is according to assay, its main component of born sub-vegetation water is 9,12-octadecadienoic acid ethyl ester (27.34%), ethyl palmitate (23.99%), dibutyl phthalate (6.18%), diisobutyl phthalate (5.52%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid methyl esters (4.72%), methyl palmitate (4.67%), 9,12,15-octatecatrienoic acid ethyl ester (4.48%), 9-vaccenic acid acetoacetic ester (3.80%), furfural (2.53%), Ethyl Stearate (1.42%), 9-octadecenoic acid methyl ester (1.26%).In fresh fruit milk, contain a large amount of active ingredient and the antineoplastic component that can significantly suppress Cell Differentiation.
In the main component of lycopod grass vegetation water, contain lycopodine, lycodoline, adopt silica gel column chromatography to extract and carry out separation and purification night lycopod methyl alcohol, obtain 5 monomers, and identified its structure by spectral analysis, be respectively 1-octene-O-α-L-arabopyranose-(1-6)-O-[β-D-glucopyranose-(1-2)]-β-D-glucopyranose (I), n-Butyl-β-D-fructopyranoside (II), 6, 7-dihydroxy-coumarin (III), 5, 7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy flavone (IV) and sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (V), its active ingredient has certain inhibitory action to central nervous system, the calm venereal disease evil of the experimental silicon of animal is had to good impact effect.
Main active ingredient in melia toosendan skin is chinaberry ketone, fat melianol, acetyl group Fructus meliae toosendan triol of toosendanin and multiple bitter taste etc.; Fructus meliae toosendan element can see through polypide epidermis and act on internal organs muscle in body; polypide Adenosine triphosphate is decomposed to accelerate; supply falls short of demand for energy, finally makes polypide not cast off a skin.
Test results and analysis
1, the observation of paraffin section
Larva with 10% dissolved oxygen vegetation water drop 2 age in days root nematodes, formed abnormal ovum after 6 ages in days (wrapped up by pre-ovum epidermis by polypide, cannot break ovum and be " larva-ovum intermediate " state with sloughing off old epidermis), choosing the polypide that just will sprout wings obtaining after the larva same period contrasts, carry out the whole crosscut of paraffin embedding, with observation by light microscope, find, abnormal ovum mesothorax (drop position) has more completely pre-ovum epidermis to surround.Oophyte wall has formed fairly perfectly; Many Organ and tissues are all than compared with normal.Further process and observe the abnormal ovum of epidermal area topology discovery and contrast polypide and have very obvious difference.The pre-ovum epidermis of contrast polypide is very thin one deck exocuticle and the epicuticle of remnants only, and on oophyte wall, having epidermal area is thicker illuvial horizon, and can see there is obvious hierarchical structure; Dermal cell layer is arranged more neatly.Except the appearance cortex of epicuticle, also have the endepidermis layer of obvious color to be connected together.The oophyte wall epicuticle layer of abnormal ovum is very thin, and not obvious.Dermal cell layer is arranged and is not so good as the neat of control group.
By Phenomena Observation, analyze: the Main Function of 10% dissolved oxygen vegetation water is to make the endepidermis layer of the pre-ovum epidermis of vegetable root nematode in the process of casting off a skin, not have catapepsis to decompose, and that epidermal area material in the new oophyte wall forming is not have fully synthetic, secretion and the complete epidermal area of deposition formation.This is the thick tough and thin soft main cause of oophyte wall of pre-ovum epidermis of abnormal ovum just.When cause and being ovum, become lopsided main cause.When the larva body wall section of observing away from drop position, find processor and contrast between there is no above-mentioned obvious difference.
2, electron microscope observation
The topology discovery of the larva body wall while casting off a skin with transmission electron microscope observing 6-7 age in days, during 2 ages in days, with the formed lopsided worm chest body wall of 10% dissolved oxygen vegetation water drop thoracic dorsal, can be observed incomplete 7 age in days epidermal areas and overlap with the 4 age in days epidermal areas that cannot slough off.Its 6 age in days epidermal area is very thin, there is no the level feature of obvious line lamellar structure and epicuticle, exocuticle and endepidermis.Though 6 age in days epidermises have part digested, but still retain one deck that thicker outer endepidermis forms, and between 6 ages in days and the epidermis of 7 ages in days, there is no molten absciss layer clearly.This shows that larva is when casting off a skin, and the deposition of new epidermis forms and the decomposition digestion process of old epidermis has been subject to obstruction.
In the cytoplasm of deformity polypide wall dermal cell, have more cavity, the dyeing contrast grade of Cytoplasmic inclusions is significantly less than contrast.The structure of intracellular various organelle and content is relatively more loose fuzzy, and is difficult to observe complete cell nucleus.And the control larvae body wall of identical developmental stage has formed more complete and abundant epidermal area.Epidermal area has line lamellar structure clearly, and can see hole, wax road.6 remaining age in days epidermal areas are separated with 7 age in days epidermal areas of new formation.The cytoplasm of skin corium is denser, and dyeing contrast grade is larger.Cell nucleus is clear complete, and various organelles and Cytoplasmic inclusions structure are closely in order.The result of whole electron microscopic observation reconfirms that plant extraction liquid can disturb the process of casting off a skin, and shows, by the dermal cell layer at drop position, change has been occurred.This pathology may affect the normal physiological function of cell, thereby the digest and decompose that makes old epidermis in the process of casting off a skin is interfered with the synthetic deposition process of new epidermis, and result causes casting off a skin and is obstructed and forms lopsided polypide.
3, cuticle component chemical analysis
With 10% dissolved oxygen vegetation water drop 2 age in days vegetable root nematode larvals (2uL/ worm), after 6 ages in days, pick out same
100 lopsided oophytes of one symptom, dissect pre-ovum epidermis and oophyte wall and carry out chitin, crude fat and gross protein value analysis.And 20% line of choosing similar effects under identical environmental condition goes out only and not treated control group carries out the analysis of oophyte wall, its analysis result sees the following form:
Illustrate: in table, data are difference in 5% level (DMRT method); Process every worm drop plant extraction liquid 1.6ug, 20% line goes out only, and control group is the normal development under same environmental condition.
4, interpretation of result
The teratoid egg chest segment body dry mass producing with 10% dissolved oxygen vegetation water drop only has 59.70% of contrast, and residual pre-ovum epidermal stem quality increases by 43.05% than control group.But there is no the abdomen section with 10% dissolved oxygen vegetation water drop, the dry mass of its abnormal oophyte wall does not have significant difference with contrasting; But its residual pre-ovum epidermal stem mass ratio contrast has increased by 19.75%.This illustrates that plant extraction liquid has obvious impact to the quality of the decomposition of old epidermis and neomorph wall again.This influence degree and the distance dependent system that contacts lycopod grass plant extraction liquid position.With 20% line, go out and only carry out the identical teratoid egg that processing was produced, the residual pre-ovum epidermal stem quality of its chest section and contrast difference are not remarkable, and its oophyte wall dry mass is on the contrary a little more than contrast.The residual pre-ovum epidermal stem mass ratio contrast of abdomen section is high 35.2%, and oophyte wall dry mass is but greater than contrast.Although visible dissolved oxygen plant extraction liquid and 20% line go out and only vegetable root nematode larval had to teratogenesis, the impact of body wall (epidermis) dry mass is had to different features.
Dissolved oxygen plant extraction liquid can make chitin content in the new abnormal oophyte wall forming reduce.By the chest segment body wall of the direct drop of dissolved oxygen plant extraction liquid, chitin content only has 40.9% of contrast, and the abdomen section oophyte wall chitin content difference that there is no directly to contact dissolved oxygen plant extraction liquid is less.The chitin of the residual old epidermis of chest section is but apparently higher than contrast, but abdomen section lower than contrast.The 20% line clean teratoid egg that forms no matter chest section or the abdomen section processed of going out, no matter oophyte wall or residual pre-ovum epidermis, its chitin content is all starkly lower than control group.This local drop causes the affected systemic effect feature of whole body epidermis chitin content to have obvious difference with the effect of plant extraction liquid locality again.
Crude fat and crude protein content analysis result show, plant extraction liquid and 20% line go out in the clean ovum epidermis of processing and pre-ovum epidermis, and crude fat content is all in various degree higher than contrast, and this may be because processed rear physiological activity has been subject to the result of disturbing.
Utilize the active ingredient of dissolved oxygen plant extraction liquid to affect the formation of insect body wall, make vegetable root nematode larval when changing ovum, suppress to grow, there is lopsided larva and teratoid egg, reach the research of control root nematode insect pest, before this, find no the report of this respect.According to Shandong Province's Science and Technology Information Searching, at present the active substance of the interference of growing, inhibition or the regulating action of insect is mainly contained to two large types: the first kind is that insect endocrine system causes disorder.For example, the juvenile hormone of insect and natural or synthetic multiple hormone, cause the physiological function of association's harmonic balance of insect bodies internal hormone secretion to upset; Wherein juvenile hormone acts on the pharynx side position of insect; And some synthetic hormone acts on insect nerve and endocrine system; disturb normal internal secretion; the symptom causing occurs various lopsided polypides when abnormal except insect molting, usually can also observe prolongation or shortening that the confusion of insect sexual behavior and each developmental stage go through the phase.Another type is suppress insect chitin synthetic, causes while casting off a skin and can not form just new epidermis, causes deformity or death.The material with this mechanism is mainly benzoyl group carbamide compounds, also comprises artificial synthetic Buprofezin.This class material also can cause the symptom of various lopsided polypides and new epidermis can not form the feature soft with attenuation.
According to test result analysis, dissolved oxygen vegetation water suppresses the growth and development characteristics of vegetable root nematode and the line clean class of going out some similarities.For example, after dissolved oxygen vegetation water contacts with root nematode body wall; first the protective layer of Oxidative demage body wall; and newly form in epidermis chitin content and reduce; epidermal area deposition is very thin; the new body wall attenuation of deformity polypide; and drop process after the ovum of 2 day old larva and 4 ages in days significantly do not shorten or extend breeding time, the feature of these reactions and symptom and line go out after clean drop difference.Line goes out clean for take stomach poison function as main, has action of contace poison concurrently, poisoning be characterized as in early days do not take food, inertia, to later stage death gradually.Yet dissolved oxygen plant extraction liquid composition and chitin synthesis inhibitor be not very close contacting in chemical constitution.But dissolved oxygen plant extraction liquid drop after processing residual old epidermis thicker and tough, the clean effect of going out of the locality effect phenomenon that lopsided feature is relevant from drop position and line is again different.
By result and the analysis of test, the inhibition of dissolved oxygen plant extraction liquid is grown, and mechanism work is following to be understood: after dissolved oxygen plant extraction liquid drop is processed, its active component as organic acid, glyceric acid, polypeptidase etc. can penetrate, protects wax layer and outer endepidermis layer arrives dermal cell, suppress the decomposition of dermal cell and synthesize, cause dermal cell generation physiological to change, affect normal physiological function.Make root nematode larval digest and decompose of endepidermis layer in old epidermis in the process of casting off a skin, and synthetic, the secretion of new epidermis and deposition forming process cannot normally complete smoothly, finally occur that old epidermis is difficult to slough off, the new thin soft various lopsided symptom of epidermis.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that; above-mentioned embodiment is exemplary; in order to make those skilled in the art can better understand content of the present invention; should not be understood as limiting the scope of the invention; so long as the improvement of doing according to technical solution of the present invention for example, only adopts a fluid reservoir; in fluid reservoir, add plant extraction liquid or do not adopt support, all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. intelligent root nematode drip irrigation control device, is characterized in that: described control device comprises ozone generating-device, refrigerator (2), heat exchanger (3), liquid collecting tank (4) and fluid reservoir;
Described heat exchanger (3) is provided with circulating water intake, circulating water outlet, two cooling imports and a coolant outlet;
The delivery port of described refrigerator (2) is communicated with the circulating water intake of heat exchanger (3), and the water return outlet of refrigerator (2) is communicated with the circulating water outlet of heat exchanger (3);
Described ozone generating-device comprises filter (7), air pump (8), ozone generator (9) and ozone generator controller (10), the outlet of filter (7) is communicated with the air inlet of ozone generator (9) through air pump (8), gas outlet first magnetic valve (11) of ozone generator (9) is communicated with a cooling import of heat exchanger (3), and ozone generator (9) is electrically connected to ozone generator controller (10);
Another cooling import of described heat exchanger (3) connects pure water through the second magnetic valve (12);
Described liquid collecting tank (4) is provided with inlet and liquid outlet; The inlet of liquid collecting tank (4) is communicated with coolant outlet, the fluid reservoir of heat exchanger (3); Between the inlet of liquid collecting tank (4) and fluid reservoir, be provided with liquid inlet electromagnetic valve; Described liquid inlet electromagnetic valve comprises the 3rd magnetic valve (13), the 4th magnetic valve (14); The 3rd magnetic valve (13) is connected between the first fluid reservoir (5) and the inlet of liquid collecting tank (4); The 4th magnetic valve (14) is connected between the second fluid reservoir (6) and the inlet of liquid collecting tank (4);
Described the first magnetic valve (11), the second magnetic valve (12), the 3rd magnetic valve (13), the 4th magnetic valve (14) are electrically connected with proportional controller (15) and are electrically connected to;
In described fluid reservoir, fill plant extraction liquid, plant extraction liquid is by 40 parts of 15 parts of 200 parts fresh of born sub-fruits, lycopod grass and melia toosendan skins, through mechanical presses, obtains juice, then adds the plant extraction liquid that 10 parts of powdered glucoses and pure water are mixed with.
2. intelligent root nematode drip irrigation control device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described fluid reservoir comprises the first fluid reservoir (5) and the second fluid reservoir (6).
3. intelligent root nematode drip irrigation as claimed in claim 2 is prevented and treated device, it is characterized in that: described proportional controller (15) is according to the ozone of setting, pure water, the ratio of the first fluid reservoir (5) implants extract and the second fluid reservoir (6) implants extract, control the first magnetic valve (11), the second magnetic valve (12), the 3rd magnetic valve (13), the 4th magnetic valve (14) action, by the first fluid reservoir (5) implants extract, the second fluid reservoir (6) implants extract and cooled Ozone Water are mixed in liquid collecting tank (4), through liquid outlet, vegetables are carried out to drip irrigation.
4. intelligent root nematode drip irrigation control device as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: in described the first fluid reservoir (5), fill percentage by weight and be 5% plant extraction liquid.
5. intelligent root nematode drip irrigation control device as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: in described the second fluid reservoir (6), fill percentage by weight and be 10% plant extraction liquid.
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| JP2623131B2 (en) * | 1988-12-28 | 1997-06-25 | 日立建設株式会社 | Soil sterilization method and equipment |
| JPH0731353A (en) * | 1993-07-26 | 1995-02-03 | Tokyu Car Corp | Method for disinfecting lawn |
| CN1115965C (en) * | 2000-01-18 | 2003-07-30 | 王雪平 | Natural plant disinfectant and its preparation |
| CN1827175A (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2006-09-06 | 徐名勇 | Ozone water-generating machine set capable of improving ozone water-solubility by preparation of low-temperature water |
| CN101518765A (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-02 | 深圳市亚美加实业发展有限公司 | Green sprayer |
| CN101342374A (en) * | 2008-08-15 | 2009-01-14 | 东北林业大学 | Apparatus of ozone for preventing and controlling plant diseases and pests, and disinfection method thereof |
| CN201418335Y (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-03-10 | 昌乐县农业机械管理局 | Ozone water machine for preventing and controlling root knot nematode disease |
| KR20090105889A (en) * | 2009-08-14 | 2009-10-07 | (주)한국바이오케미칼 | Phytopathogenic meloidogyne incornita nematocidal composition containing plant essential oil components as an active ingredient |
| CN201499545U (en) * | 2009-08-27 | 2010-06-09 | 赵鹏程 | Automatic control agricultural ozone water machine |
| CN201700212U (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2011-01-12 | 王瑞珂 | Pathogenic microorganism prevention device |
| CN201789869U (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2011-04-13 | 潍坊道成机电科技有限公司 | Continuous cropping pest control machine for crops |
| CN202430002U (en) * | 2011-12-18 | 2012-09-12 | 江苏康尔臭氧有限公司 | Circulating cooling device for ozone generator |
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