CN1029630C - 环烷酸离心萃取稀土矿母液工艺 - Google Patents
环烷酸离心萃取稀土矿母液工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)propanoic acid 3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)C1.CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)CC1 HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 11
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
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- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NEAQRZUHTPSBBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-7-nitro-4h-isoquinolin-1-one Chemical compound C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C2C(=O)N(O)C(C)(C)CC2=C1 NEAQRZUHTPSBBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bisulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].OS([O-])(=O)=O BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- YCPXWRQRBFJBPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-sulfosalicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=CC=C1O YCPXWRQRBFJBPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
环烷酸离子萃取法从稀土矿母液中提取稀土氧化物的方法,属湿法冶金领域。本发明采用在环烷酸—煤油萃取体系中掺以高效氨复合剂,协萃剂,抑萃剂等添加剂的方法,借助离心萃取技术克服了有机相乳化损失等问题与常规草酸沉淀法相比较,省去了沉淀、灼烧、酸溶、除杂等工序,工艺流程简单,连续化,节省化工原料和能源,减少环境污染,稀土收率高,有明显的经济和社会效益。
Description
环烷酸(HA)离心萃取法从稀土矿母液中提取稀土氧化物(REO)浓缩液的方法,属湿法冶金领域。
离子型稀土矿砂经硫酸铵浸取所得的浸矿母液(含REO 1-2克/升),通常经草酸沉淀、灼烧、酸溶、除杂质等工序得到混合稀土氧化物(REO)粗产品用于单一稀土氧化物的萃取分离,由于草酸对人体有害及污染环境,有关沉淀剂改进工作多有报道。中国专利86100671公开了以碳酸氢胺沉淀稀土矿母液的方法;88100113公开了碳酸氢铵与氯化铵组成的混合沉淀剂代替草酸。众所周知,目前分离稀土普遍采用液-液萃取技术,环烷酸(HA)作为Y、La、Eu等的萃取剂的工艺已有不少报道。
本发明的目的在于对离子型稀土矿砂的硫酸铵浸取液不经沉淀,灼烧、酸溶、除杂质等工艺流程,直接用环烷酸离心萃取母液和盐酸反萃取得到浓缩的RECl3液(含REO 200-250克/升)。此液可直接用于萃取槽进行单一稀土分离或分组,因而可实现连续化、自动化、也简化了工序,大大节省化工材料和能源,改善了劳动强度并减少环境污染。
本发明采用在环烷酸-煤油萃取体系(以下简称有机相)中掺以多效氨复合添加剂,借助离心萃取技术,发挥添加剂的复合作用效果克服了有机相的乳化损失等问题,达到分相好和萃取效率高的效果,省去了常规萃取中有机相予先氨化和母液予先除杂质等工序。
本发明中萃取有机相组成为30~40%HA-70~60%煤油-0.1~0.5%氧肟酸或石油亚砜,氨复合添加剂的加入量按REO计算为1-5%,其具体组成为7N的氨水,10克/升柠檬酸,15克/升醋酸铵,15克/升磺基水杨相酸,25克/升硫酸铵。料液为含REO1.0-1.2%克/升,PH值为4-4.6的稀土矿硫酸铵浸取母液,组成及杂质含量见表1。
本发明的工艺是将萃取有机相同氨复合剂一起从同一入相口(轻相入口)与矿液母液从另一入相口(重相入口)一起同时流入离心萃取机,其流量比(或称相比)为矿液(Va)∶有机相(Vo)∶氨复合添加剂(Vc)等于8-15∶1∶0.03-0.05。用氨复合剂添加剂的量控制平衡水相PH在6.5-7.0范围内。单级离心萃取,萃取可大于97%,串级萃取还可提高取率,然后负载有机相经三级水洗,再用6.0-7.0N HCL半逆流反萃,经4-6级和三级水洗得到含REO 200-250克/升的RECl3溶液(组成见表1)可直接上萃取槽进行分组或分离稀土。
本发明所用稀土原矿砂经硫酸铵浸渗的浸出液的组成见表1。
本发明首次成功地解决了从低浓度稀土料液(1.0-1.5克/升)中用环烷酸离心萃取全捞并浓缩稀土的工艺流程问题。
本发明的离心萃取工艺仅用离心萃取,盐酸反萃两步主要工艺即可得到稀土氯化物溶液以供萃取分组分离使用,而沉淀法则须经过沉淀→澄清或过滤→装袋风干→灼烧→包装→酸溶→除杂质→过滤洗涤→RECl3配料九步工序才能得到进入分离段的RECl3溶液,本工艺具有流程简单、连续化、步骤少、节省化工原料和
能源、减少环境污染、稀土收率高等优点,获得明显的经济和社会效益,适用于凡有稀土矿资源的分离厂使用。
本发明工艺的优点是处理量大,萃取效率高,占地面积小,靠强大的离心力而分相,可以克服有机相乳化的问题,有机相积存量小还可循环使用。
本发明的实施例如下:
实施例1:
取定南稀土矿母液,其组成如表1序号1,含REO 1.0-1.2克/升,PH=4~4.6,采用有机相组成为30%环烷酸-0.5%氧肟酸-~70%煤油,氨复合添加剂即氨水浓度7N,10克/升柠檬酸,15克/升醋酸铵,15克/磺基水相酸,25克/升硫酸铵,在φ85离心萃取机中连续萃取,料液从重相入口加入,有机相和氨复合添加剂从轻相口加入,分别由流量计和控制阀监测和控制流量,总流量500升/小时,相比为V有∶V料=1∶10,控制复合添加剂流速,使平衡出口水相PH值为7.0,经离心萃取后,两相分别由重相和轻相出口流出,经检测萃取水相含REO<30毫克,萃取率大于97%,负载有机相含REO约12-14克/升,然后负载有机相经3级水洗,4级半逆流6.0NHCl反萃,再经3级水洗,有机相循环使用,反萃液含REO为250克/升,该反萃液可作为本发明的最终产品稀土分离厂的原料。
实施例2:
取稀土矿母液,其组成如表1序号2,其它工艺同实施例1。
实施例3:
除采用有机相组成为40%环烷酸-0.1%氧肟酸-~60%煤油外其它工艺同实施例1或2。
Claims (1)
1、一种环烷酸离心萃取稀土矿母液的方法,萃取有机相含有环烷酸和煤油为主要成分,其特征在于:
a.以30-40(Wt)%环烷酸~70-60(Wt)%煤油~0.1-0.5(Wt)%氧肟酸为萃取有机相;
b.添加氨复合添加剂,其组成为对每升7N的氨水,加入10克的柠檬酸,15克的醋酸铵,15克的磺基水杨酸,25克的硫酸铵;
c.料液(矿液)为含稀土(以氧化物计)1.0-1.2克/升,PH为4-4.6的稀土硫酸铵浸取母液;
d.萃取有机相与氨复合添加剂一起从同一入相口,料液从另一入相口一起同时流入离心萃取机,其流量比(或称相比)为料液(Va):有机相(Vo):氨复合添加剂(Ve)为8-15∶1∶0.03-0.05,平衡水相PH为6.5-7.0;
e.经单级或串级离心萃取,负载有机相经三级水洗,然后用6.0-7.0N HCL半逆流反萃,得到含稀土(以氧化物计)200-250克/升的RECL3溶液。
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CN1058995A CN1058995A (zh) | 1992-02-26 |
CN1029630C true CN1029630C (zh) | 1995-08-30 |
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CN101824535B (zh) * | 2009-03-03 | 2012-11-14 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | 一种采用离心萃取设备从磷酸中富集微量稀土的工艺 |
CN103773955B (zh) * | 2013-11-04 | 2016-08-31 | 中铝广西有色金源稀土股份有限公司 | 一种除去稀土料液中铝的方法 |
CN105803207B (zh) * | 2016-04-11 | 2018-06-26 | 河南师范大学 | 一种拜耳法赤泥的资源化再利用方法 |
CN106521194B (zh) * | 2016-11-14 | 2018-09-07 | 贵州大学 | 一种用于乳状液膜提取稀土的萃取剂及其使用方法 |
CN109680166B (zh) * | 2017-10-19 | 2021-05-18 | 厦门稀土材料研究所 | 一种离心萃取法从离子型稀土矿浸出母液中回收稀土的工艺 |
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