CN102962592B - Electronic beam aided hot extrusion diffusion connection method for SiCp/Al composite material - Google Patents
Electronic beam aided hot extrusion diffusion connection method for SiCp/Al composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN102962592B CN102962592B CN201210543547.7A CN201210543547A CN102962592B CN 102962592 B CN102962592 B CN 102962592B CN 201210543547 A CN201210543547 A CN 201210543547A CN 102962592 B CN102962592 B CN 102962592B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electronic beam aided heat source diffusion welding method for a SiCp/Al composite material, and particularly to an electronic beam aided hot extrusion diffusion connection method for the SiCp/Al composite material. In order to solve the problems of severe metal burning loss, interface reaction and the like in the traditional fusion welding of several materials, the invention provides the electronic beam aided hot extrusion diffusion connection method for the SiCp/Al composite material. The method comprises the following steps: 1, pre-treating two parent materials to be welded; 2, positioning the two parent materials in a welding fixture and extruding the two parent materials by applying pressure; 3, pumping vacuum; 4, adopting an upper defocusing mode to implement the first welding; 5, implementing the second welding; and 6, cooling in vacuum to finish the electronic beam aided hot extrusion diffusion connection method for the SiCp/Al composite material. The electronic beam aided hot extrusion diffusion connection method for the SiCp/Al composite material belongs to the field of solid phase welding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to SiCp/Al composite electron beam auxiliary thermal source diffusion welding method, belong to Solid-phase welding field.
Background technology
SiCp/Al composite is a kind of good structural material, there is higher specific strength, specific stiffness and specific modulus, with and good stability of the dimension, antivibration, the many merits such as not aging, in fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile, electronics, there is very important using value.Contrast, particle reinforcing material has the advantages such as with low cost, preparation technology is simple, the potential industrialized mass that realizes, thereby become the research emphasis of current aluminum matrix composite.If can successfully realize the connection between SiCp/Al composite and of the same race or foreign material (as titanium, metals such as aluminium), will gather around and have broad application prospects in fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile, electronics.
But because wild phase and the physical and chemical performance between matrix of aluminum matrix composite are widely different, during melting welding, appearance of weld is poor, and at high temperature interfacial reaction easily occurs.Thereby the weldability problem that solves as early as possible aluminum matrix composite is to realize the key of its using value.The rational method addressing this problem both at home and abroad at present there is not yet report.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the problems such as the iron loss producing in the time of will solving some material tradition molten solder is serious, interfacial reaction, and SiCp/Al composite electron beam auxiliary heat extruding diffusion connection method is provided.
SiCp/Al composite electron beam auxiliary heat extruding diffusion connection method is realized according to the following steps:
One, two SiCp/Al composite mother metals to be welded are carried out to pretreatment;
Two, two SiCp/Al composite mother metals are put into weld jig, adjust the relative position of two SiCp/Al composite mother metals, on contact-making surface, apply 1～5MPa contact; Wherein, the relative position of described two SiCp/Al composite mother metals is that the misalignment of the interface of two SiCp/Al composite mother metals is 0～0.2mm, and the gap 0～0.1mm between interface;
Three, two fixing SiCp/Al composite mother metals are put into vacuum chamber, being then evacuated to vacuum is 5 * 10
-4pa～5 * 10
-2pa;
Four, then welding electronic beam current is adopted the pattern that defocuses to get to the interface place of two SiCp/Al composite mother metals and add circular scan welding, this is welding for the first time; Wherein, described welding electronic beam current accelerating potential is 50～60kV, and focus current is 2000～2600mA, and welding electronic beam current is 4mA～10mA, and speed of welding is 3mm/s～5mm/s;
Five, complete after welding for the first time, electron beam is turned direction, welds for the second time; Wherein, described to weld electronic beam current accelerating potential while welding be for the second time 50～60kV, and focus current is 2000～2600mA, and electronic beam current is 4mA～10mA, and speed of welding is 3mm/s～5mm/s;
Six, the welding cooling 8min～12min in final vacuum chamber, has completed SiCp/Al composite electron beam auxiliary heat extruding diffusion and has connected.
Invention effect:
Adopt conventional electro-beam welding method to carry out welded seam shaping to SiCp/Al composite very poor, interfacial reaction is obvious, and strength of joint is lower.The present invention and normal welding method difference are to adopt fixedly mother metal of special weld jig, and mother metal contact-making surface is exerted pressure, utilize the method for composite welding, the defocus(s)ed beam of usining carries out electron beam auxiliary heat extruding diffusion as heat source to SiCp/Al composite and connects simultaneously.Can make SiCp/Al composite weld seam form good diffusion metallurgical binding on the one hand, the groove that joint does not have aluminum substrate scaling loss to produce, appearance of weld is good; Can weaken or eliminate interfacial reaction on the other hand, obtain the seam organization of continuous distributed, avoid generation and the primary silicon of fragility phase to grow up, thereby joint tensile strength can have been improved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the weld jig in test 1;
Fig. 2 is the weld jig shell schematic diagram in test 1;
Fig. 3 is the vertical fixed bar schematic diagram in the weld jig in test 1;
Fig. 4 is backing plate at bottom schematic diagram in the weld jig in test 1;
Fig. 5 is the front apron schematic diagram that slides in the weld jig in test 1;
Fig. 6 is the backboard schematic diagram that slides in the weld jig in test 1;
Fig. 7 is that in test 1, weld jig uses schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is the weldment macro morphology figure in test 1;
Fig. 9 is the joint microscopic appearance figure in test 1.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: the SiCp/Al composite electron beam auxiliary heat extruding diffusion connection method of present embodiment is realized according to the following steps:
One, two SiCp/Al composite mother metals to be welded are carried out to pretreatment;
Two, two SiCp/Al composite mother metals are put into weld jig, adjust the relative position of two SiCp/Al composite mother metals, on contact-making surface, apply 1～5MPa contact; Wherein, the relative position of described two SiCp/Al composite mother metals is that the misalignment of the interface of two SiCp/Al composite mother metals is 0～0.2mm, and the gap 0～0.1mm between interface;
Three, two fixing SiCp/Al composite mother metals are put into vacuum chamber, being then evacuated to vacuum is 5 * 10
-4pa～5 * 10
-2pa;
Four, then welding electronic beam current is adopted the pattern that defocuses to get to the interface place of two SiCp/Al composite mother metals and add circular scan welding, this is welding for the first time; Wherein, described welding electronic beam current accelerating potential is 50～60kV, and focus current is 2000～2600mA, and welding electronic beam current is 4mA～10mA, and speed of welding is 3mm/s～5mm/s;
Five, complete after welding for the first time, electron beam is turned direction, welds for the second time; Wherein, described to weld electronic beam current accelerating potential while welding be for the second time 50～60kV, and focus current is 2000～2600mA, and electronic beam current is 4mA～10mA, and speed of welding is 3mm/s～5mm/s;
Six, the welding cooling 8min～12min in final vacuum chamber, has completed SiCp/Al composite electron beam auxiliary heat extruding diffusion and has connected.
The direction of the welding for the second time in present embodiment is with welding direction is contrary for the first time, but track coincides with the track of welding for the first time;
The step 4 of usining in present embodiment is welded for the first time with step 5 and is welded for the second time as one-period, can repeat 0～4 cycle, often complete one-period, electronic beam current just decreased with respect to a upper cycle, each cycle welding current size is respectively 8mA, 7mA, 6mA, 5mA, this is in order to weaken the impact of heat history effect, avoids heat input excessive, and other technological parameters all remain unchanged;
In present embodiment, technological parameter and welding current change according to the mother metal change in size of welding.
Present embodiment effect:
Adopt conventional electro-beam welding method to carry out welded seam shaping to SiCp/Al composite very poor, interfacial reaction is obvious, and strength of joint is lower.Present embodiment and normal welding method difference are to adopt fixedly mother metal of special weld jig, and mother metal contact-making surface is exerted pressure, utilize the method for composite welding, the defocus(s)ed beam of usining carries out electron beam auxiliary heat extruding diffusion as heat source to SiCp/Al composite and connects simultaneously.Can make SiCp/Al composite weld seam form good diffusion metallurgical binding on the one hand, the groove that joint does not have aluminum substrate scaling loss to produce, appearance of weld is good; Can weaken or eliminate interfacial reaction on the other hand, obtain the seam organization of continuous distributed, avoid generation and the primary silicon of fragility phase to grow up, thereby joint tensile strength can have been improved.
The specific embodiment two: present embodiment is different from the specific embodiment one: in step 1, preprocess method is for carrying out mechanical grinding and Chemical cleaning to two SiCp/Al composite mother metal interfaces to be welded and near zone thereof.Other step and parameter are identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment three: present embodiment is different from the specific embodiment one or two: the mother metal of SiCp/Al composite described in step 1 is comprised of 2A12 aluminum substrate and SiC ceramic particle reinforced phase two parts, wherein the composition of 2Al2 aluminum substrate by weight mark be that Cu:4.4%, Mg:1.5%, Mn:0.6%, impurity≤0.15%, surplus are Al.Other step and parameter are identical with the specific embodiment one or two.
The specific embodiment four: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment one to three: the weld jig in step 2 is by by by fixture shell 1, clamp base 2, vertical fixture and horizontal fixture form, wherein said fixture shell 1 is fixedly connected in clamp base 2, on two relative sidewalls of fixture shell 1, be provided with sliding guide groove 1-1, on the rear wall of fixture shell 1, be provided with spacing hole 1-2, described vertical fixture is located at fixture shell 1 interior forward end, vertical fixture consists of vertical fixed bar 3 and backing plate at bottom 4, described vertical fixed bar 3 two ends are fastened on fixture shell 1 two side by holding screw 3-1, backing plate at bottom 4 is located under vertical fixed bar 3, wherein, backing plate at bottom 4 is provided with two protruding fixed strip 4-1 relative with vertical fixed bar 3, described horizontal fixture is located at the inner rear end of fixture shell 1, horizontal fixture is by limited screw 5, slip front apron 6, slip backboard 7 and spring 8 form, wherein, the two ends of slip front apron 6 are provided with front apron projection 6-1, slip front apron 6 sides are provided with the first spring spacer pin 6-2, the two ends of slip backboard 7 are provided with backboard projection 7-1, slip backboard 7 sides are provided with the second spring spacer pin 7-2, the backboard projection 7-1 of the front apron projection 6-1 at slip front apron 6 two ends and slip backboard 7 embeds in sliding guide groove 1-1, spring 8 is fixed between slip front apron 6 and slip backboard 7 by the first spring spacer pin 6-2 and the second spring spacer pin 7-2, limited screw 5 leans on slip backboard 7 through spacing hole 1-2.Other step and parameter are identical with one of specific embodiment one to three.
By following verification experimental verification beneficial effect of the present invention:
Test 1SiCp/Al composite electron beam auxiliary heat extruding diffusion connection method is realized according to the following steps:
One, two mother metals to be welded are carried out to pretreatment:
Interface and the near zone thereof of two SiCp/Al composite mother metals to be welded are carried out to mechanical grinding and Chemical cleaning;
Two, two SiCp/Al composite mother metals are put into weld jig, use two SiCp/Al composite mother metals of weld jig fixed press, using method is as follows:
A, two SiCp/Al composite mother metals are placed on respectively between the vertical fixed bar 3 of vertical fixture and backing plate at bottom 4, adjust the relative position of two SiCp/Al composite mother metals, make the misalignment of the interface of two SiCp/Al composite mother metals be less than 0.2mm, and the gap between interface is less than 0.1mm, by the vertical fixed bar 3 of vertical fixture and backing plate at bottom 4, keep two SiCp/Al composite mother metals relative position in vertical direction constant, then by regulating holding screw 3-1 that vertical fixed bar two ends are locked to fixture shell 1 both sides,
B, by horizontal fixture limited screw 5, slip front apron 6, slip backboard 7 and spring 8, exert pressure and carry out level extruding, first, by sliding guide groove 1-1 adjustment slip front apron 6 and slip backboard 7 relative distances, compress the spring 8 between slip front apron 6 and slip backboard 7, then by limited screw 5 fixed positions, when spring 8 compression reaches fixedly amount of contraction, just can obtain now spring to mother metal contact-making surface applied pressure, utilize this pressure and known contact-making surface area, just the pressure size producing on known contact-making surface, adopting the pattern that defocuses to get to the interface place of two SiCp/Al composite mother metals welding electronic beam current welds, add circular scan simultaneously, adjust each technological parameter, under the force value of setting, carry out soldering test,
Wherein, described spring natural length L=66mm, maximum collapse amount Δ L=36mm, coefficient of elasticity K=12.7N/mm, available maximum elastic force F=457.2N, this fixture adopts the spring of two same sizes, therefore the maximum pressure that Fmax=2F=914.4N can be provided, the maximum pressure can butt welding fitting applying is
wherein L, W, H are respectively the length of weldment, and size range is respectively: length L is 0～280mm, and width W is 10mm～50mm, and thickness H is 0～20mm; For the weldment that is of a size of 2mm * 20mm * 70mm, the available Maximum Contact face of this fixture pressure is maximum pressure
Adjust the relative position of two SiCp/Al composite mother metals, make the misalignment of the interface of two SiCp/Al composite mother metals be less than 0.2mm, and the gap between interface is less than 0.1mm, then by weld jig, fix two SiCp/Al composite mother metals, on two SiCp/Al composite mother metal contact-making surfaces, apply fixing contact 3MPa simultaneously;
Three, above the spring place of weld jig, add a cover a stainless steel baffle plate, eliminate whereby ferromagnetism because of the spring bias effect to electronic beam current, by fixing two, put into vacuum chamber and start to vacuumize, make vacuum in this vacuum chamber at 5 * 10-4Pa;
Four, adopt the pattern that defocuses to get to the interface place of two SiCp/Al composite mother metals welding electronic beam current and weld, add circular scan simultaneously, accelerating potential is 55kV, focus current is 2480mA, electronic beam current is 7mA, and speed of welding is 15mm/s, and this is welding process for the first time;
Five, and then weld for the second time, the direction of welding is contrary with previous step for the second time, but the track that track and step 5 are welded coincides, and during welding, accelerating potential is 55kV, and focus current is 2480mA, and electronic beam current is 7mA, and speed of welding is 15mm/s;
Six, using step 4 and step 5 as one-period, after cycle repeating step four and step 5, every next cycle, electronic beam current can decrease than a upper cycle, can weaken like this impact of heat history effect, avoided heat input excessive; Other technological parameters all remain unchanged;
Seven, vacuum chamber is cooling, cooling 10min, and welding completes.
This test SiCp/Al composite mother metal is of a size of 70mm*20mm*2mm and 70mm*20mm*3mm, also can be other sizes, as long as all can in given size range.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the weld jig in test 1;
Fig. 2 is the weld jig shell schematic diagram in test 1;
Fig. 3 is the vertical fixed bar schematic diagram in the weld jig in test 1;
Fig. 4 is backing plate at bottom schematic diagram in the weld jig in test 1;
Fig. 5 is the front apron schematic diagram that slides in the weld jig in test 1;
Fig. 6 is the backboard schematic diagram that slides in the weld jig in test 1;
Fig. 7 is that in test 1, weld jig uses schematic diagram, and wherein, 9 is copper alloy and aluminum matrix composite;
Fig. 8 is the weldment macro morphology figure in test 1;
Fig. 9 is the joint microscopic appearance figure in test 1.
As shown in Figure 8, macroscopic view: weldment junction, be shaped fine, without matrix, Al splashes, and face bonding is sewed with the tiling of minute quantity residue, incident welding depression serious problems while having solved melting welding.
As shown in Figure 9, microcosmic: commissure, the aluminum substrate comprising in the composite of both sides is metallurgical to be connected better, and aluminum substrate is subject to thermal diffusion to make weld seam up, the whole pore-free of joint, defects i.e.cracks, the fragility phase Al that during also without melting welding, interfacial reaction generates
4c
3, improved joint performance.
Claims (3)
1.SiCp/Al composite electron beam auxiliary heat extruding diffusion connection method, is characterized in that SiCp/Al composite electron beam auxiliary heat pushes diffusion connection method and realizes according to the following steps:
One, two SiCp/Al composite mother metals to be welded are carried out to pretreatment;
Two, two SiCp/Al composite mother metals are put into weld jig, adjust the relative position of two SiCp/Al composite mother metals, on contact-making surface, apply 1～5MPa contact; Wherein, the relative position of described two SiCp/Al composite mother metals is that the misalignment of the interface of two SiCp/Al composite mother metals is 0～0.2mm, and the gap 0～0.1mm between interface;
Three, two fixing SiCp/Al composite mother metals are put into vacuum chamber, being then evacuated to vacuum is 5 * 10
-4pa～5 * 10
-2pa;
Four, then welding electronic beam current is adopted the pattern that defocuses to get to the interface place of two SiCp/Al composite mother metals and add circular scan welding, this is welding for the first time; Wherein, described welding electronic beam current accelerating potential is 50～60kV, and focus current is 2000～2600mA, and welding electronic beam current is 4mA～10mA, and speed of welding is 3mm/s～5mm/s;
Five, complete after welding for the first time, electron beam is turned direction, welds for the second time; Wherein, described to weld electronic beam current accelerating potential while welding be for the second time 50～60kV, and focus current is 2000～2600mA, and electronic beam current is 4mA～10mA, and speed of welding is 3mm/s～5mm/s;
Six, the welding cooling 8min～12min in final vacuum chamber, has completed SiCp/Al composite electron beam auxiliary heat extruding diffusion and has connected;
Wherein, weld jig described in step 2 is by fixture shell (1), clamp base (2), vertical fixture and horizontal fixture form, wherein said fixture shell (1) is fixedly connected in clamp base (2), on two relative sidewalls of fixture shell (1), be provided with sliding guide groove (1-1), on the rear wall of fixture shell (1), be provided with spacing hole (1-2), described vertical fixture is located at fixture shell (1) interior forward end, vertical fixture consists of vertical fixed bar (3) and backing plate at bottom (4), described vertical fixed bar (3) two ends are fastened on fixture shell (1) two side by holding screw (3-1), backing plate at bottom (4) is located under vertical fixed bar (3), wherein, backing plate at bottom (4) is provided with two protruding fixed strips (4-1) relative with vertical fixed bar (3), described horizontal fixture is located at the inner rear end of fixture shell (1), horizontal fixture is by limited screw (5), slip front apron (6), slip backboard (7) and spring (8) form, wherein, the two ends of slip front apron (6) are provided with front apron projection (6-1), slip front apron (6) side is provided with the first spring spacer pin (6-2), the two ends of slip backboard (7) are provided with backboard projection (7-1), slip backboard (7) side is provided with the second spring spacer pin (7-2), the front apron projection (6-1) at slip front apron (6) two ends all embeds in sliding guide groove (1-1) with the backboard projection (7-1) of slip backboard (7), spring (8) is located between slip front apron (6) and slip backboard (7) by the first spring spacer pin (6-2) and the second spring spacer pin (7-2), limited screw (5) leans on slip backboard (7) through spacing hole (1-2).
2. SiCp/Al composite electron beam auxiliary heat according to claim 1 extruding diffusion connection method, is characterized in that preprocess method in step 1 is for carrying out mechanical grinding and Chemical cleaning to two SiCp/Al composite mother metal interfaces to be welded and near zone thereof.
3. SiCp/Al composite electron beam auxiliary heat according to claim 1 pushes diffusion connection method, it is characterized in that the composite of SiCp/Al described in step 1 is comprised of 2A12 aluminum substrate and SiC ceramic particle reinforced phase two parts, wherein the composition of 2A12 aluminum substrate by weight mark be that Cu:4.4%, Mg:1.5%, Mn:0.6%, impurity≤0.15%, surplus are Al.
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| CN103273205B (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2015-08-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of method of electron beam compound transient liquid phase bonding GH4169 high temperature alloy |
| CN103978277A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-08-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for diffusing and brazing SiCp/Al composite material by virtue of Al/Cu/Al composite foil |
| CN107326320B (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2019-05-14 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of high body divides SiCp/Al and bismuthate glass composite material and preparation method |
| CN107755911A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2018-03-06 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of method for oxide dispersion intensifying steel Solid-phase welding |
| CN108015421A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-11 | 上海思客琦自动化工程有限公司 | A kind of welding procedure of electrical switchgear aluminium alloy box |
| CN110142497B (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2020-11-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for inhibiting melting of base metal for welding focused electron beams on aluminum-based composite material |
| CN110142494B (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2020-11-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Aluminum-lithium alloy non-contact electron beam welding method |
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| JPS61249689A (en) * | 1985-04-30 | 1986-11-06 | Mazda Motor Corp | Production of composite member |
| JPS6343779A (en) * | 1986-08-08 | 1988-02-24 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Production of welding type crankshaft |
| CN100584507C (en) * | 2007-06-18 | 2010-01-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | TiAl intermetallic compound electron beam welding thermal cycle composite control method |
| CN100584508C (en) * | 2007-06-18 | 2010-01-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | TiAl/Ti 3Al foreign material electron beam welding thermal cycle composite control method |
| CN101913021B (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2012-06-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Superposing and welding method of electron beams of chromium bronze and two-phase titanium alloy dissimilar materials |
| CN102649192B (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2014-07-09 | 西安航天动力机械厂 | Method of vacuum electron beam butt welding in condition of superstandard assembling clearance |
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