CN105436707B - A kind of connection method manufactured based on laser gain material that synchronously preheating is aided in of electromagnetic induction - Google Patents
A kind of connection method manufactured based on laser gain material that synchronously preheating is aided in of electromagnetic induction Download PDFInfo
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- CN105436707B CN105436707B CN201511029220.8A CN201511029220A CN105436707B CN 105436707 B CN105436707 B CN 105436707B CN 201511029220 A CN201511029220 A CN 201511029220A CN 105436707 B CN105436707 B CN 105436707B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
- B23K26/123—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an atmosphere of particular gases
Abstract
A kind of connection method manufactured based on laser gain material that synchronously preheating is aided in of electromagnetic induction, it is related to a kind of connection method.The present invention solves the defects such as the crackle that the material welding serious to laser welding crack-sensitivity, laser reflection such as Ti Al series intermetallic compounds material, high temperature alloy, aluminium alloy is present and is inclined to big, the low problem of laser utilization.The present invention method be：Weldering work pieces process polishing cleaning is treated, technological parameter is set, welded.The present invention, as preheating thermal source, alleviates material welding process crack-sensitivity tendency using electromagnetic induction coil, is effectively improved the shortcomings of material is low to laser absorption rate, welding process power consumption is big, improves laser utilization；Meanwhile, sensing heating weld seam and adjacent material reduce thermograde of the weld seam peripheral region in welding process, can effectively improve postwelding microstructure, improve property of welded joint.
Description
Technical field
New method is welded the present invention relates to a kind of material laser, specially using the connection method manufactured based on laser gain material
During be aided with electromagnetic induction synchronously preheating method, belong to materials processing engineering field.
Background technology
Ti-Al series intermetallic compound material alloys have specific strength height, density is low, fracture toughness is good and creep resistance is strong
Deng excellent properties, the study hotspot as high-temperature structural material is used as conventional Ti alloy and high density nickel base superalloy
Alternative materials have been sent to great concern.With Ti in Ti-Al series intermetallic compounds3Al, TiAl and TiAl3Research more
Extensively.
Welding in current document on Ti-Al series intermetallic compound materials focuses mostly in arc welding, diffusion welding (DW) and electricity
Beamlet is welded, and as a result finds that the intensity of weldment fails to reach the intensity of mother metal, major problem is that the high-temp plastic of weldment is very poor,
Easily cracked in welding process.Diffusion welding (DW) there are problems that strength of joint it is low, it is easy formed；Electron beam welding connects
Head tissue easily forms column crystal and thick equiax crystal；Conventional laser welding is fast due to cooling velocity, to thermal weld stress
Sensitivity, is easily caused coarse grains influence joint toughness.
Laser gain material manufacture (also referred to as 3D printing) technology, is the thought based on calculus, is scanned, folded using laser laminar
The mode of addition shape successively increases material and mathematical model is converted into Three-dimensional Entity Components.Truly realize digitlization,
Intelligent machining, with processing flexibility height, without mould, process is few, the process-cycle is short, can process arbitrary shape, size suitable
Answering property is good, for parts in small batch processing cost is low and the advantages of excellent drip molding physical and chemical performance.Therefore, for Ti-Al
Series intermetallic compound laser welding easily cracks, organizes the problems such as thick, high-temp plastic is poor, and we propose one at early stage
The connection method manufactured based on laser gain material is planted, that is, according to the welding line joint of Ti-Al series intermetallic compounds, design is certain
The groove of shape, with adapt to carry out increasing material manufacturing, then using the method for laser deposition between the weld seam of two connecting materials root
The principle manufactured according to laser gain material, the green wood that weld shape between two mother metals is similar to by the method formation one successively accumulated
Material, utilizes formed new material to connect two mother metals.Due to being to use successively to accumulate using the principle based on increasing material manufacturing
Method, the thickness per layer material is very thin, therefore, it can, by the regulation to technological parameter, realize inside material jointing
The reduction or control of the defects such as stomata, crackle.
But, use in the method connection procedure manufactured based on laser gain material, swashing for Ti-Al series intermetallic compounds
Light deposition also occurs in that crackle between layers；Simultaneously for aluminium alloy, connected using the method manufactured based on laser gain material
During, metal material is to laser reflection than more serious, and laser utilization is low, be also also easy to produce the weld defect problem such as crackle.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve Ti-Al series intermetallic compounds material, high temperature alloy, aluminium alloy etc. to laser
The defect tendencies such as the crackle that the material welding that weld crack is sensitive, laser reflection is serious is present are big, the low problem of laser utilization,
And propose a kind of connection method manufactured based on laser gain material that synchronously preheating is aided in of electromagnetic induction.
The present invention a kind of electromagnetic induction synchronously preheating auxiliary based on laser gain material manufacture connection method, it be according to
Herein below is carried out：
Step one：Double V-groove is processed into workpiece to be welded position to be welded, and to groove and neighbouring position removing surface, beat
Grind and fixed clamping workpiece to be welded on the table with fixture；
Step 2：Technological parameter is set：
Regenerator section：
Induced-current is 300A~1000A, and it is 100 DEG C~200 DEG C to control preheating temperature, induction coil center and laser light
Spot centre distance d is 5mm~18mm；
Welding portion：
Laser power is 300W~4000W, and spot diameter is 1mm~4mm, and speed of welding is 3mm/s~40mm/s, powder feeding
Speed is 2g/min~25g/min, and powder feeding carrier gas flux is 3L/min~12L/min, and protection gas and line throughput are
5L/min, laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction；
Step 3：Filled in backing plate and Ar gas is filled with Ar grooves, range of flow is 5L/min~15L/min；
Step 4：Preheating load coil first acts on material surface to be welded, control preheating temperature to 100 DEG C~200
DEG C, then, laser beam acts on workpiece surface to be welded, implements to weld while sending into powder filler by coaxial or paraxonic powder feeder
Connect, induction coil preheating device is synchronous with laser beam along weld seam walking welding, that is, completing described electromagnetic induction, synchronously preheating is auxiliary
The connection manufactured based on laser gain material helped.
The present invention manufactures connection method principle based on laser gain material：Using the principle of increasing material manufacturing, energy input is controlled,
Using laser deposition, successively fill by the way of formed one be similar to bevel shape part be directly connected to.Increase based on laser
In material manufacture connection procedure, the front of attachment weld is deposited in laser powder-filled, butt joint needs the part connected to be heated, plus
Hot temperature is generally 100-200 DEG C or so, to carry out laser powder-filled deposition process preheating to be follow-up, it is to avoid increasing material manufacturing process
In there is crackle, while reduce workpiece to the reflectivity of laser, improve absorptivity.Its heating means can be added using electromagnetic induction
Heat.What electromagnetic induction synchronization preheating was aided in can use semiconductor laser, CO based on laser in laser gain material manufacture connection procedure2Gas
Volumetric laser, YAG Solid State Lasers or optical-fiber laser etc.；Powder feeder uses monotubular or bitubular powder feeder；Feeding head using coaxial or
Paraxonic feeding head.
The present invention includes following beneficial effect：
The electromagnetic induction connection method manufactured based on laser gain material that synchronously preheating is aided in, using electromagnetic induction coil conduct
Thermal source is preheated, alleviates material welding process crack-sensitivity tendency, is effectively improved that material is low to laser absorption rate, welding process power consumption
Big the shortcomings of, improve laser utilization；Meanwhile, sensing heating weld seam and adjacent material reduce weld seam peripheral region and welded
Thermograde in journey, can effectively improve postwelding microstructure, improve property of welded joint.The laser power of the present invention can decline
200W or so, reduces production cost；Aluminium alloy laser powder-filled connection is carried out under same laser power, its welding efficiency can be carried
High 1.5 times or so.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 manufactures connection method schematic diagram for the electromagnetic induction synchronization preheating auxiliary of the present invention based on laser gain material.
Embodiment
Embodiment one：A kind of electromagnetic induction of present embodiment synchronously preheats being manufactured based on laser gain material for auxiliary
Connection method, it is carried out according to herein below：
Step one：Double V-groove is processed into workpiece to be welded position to be welded, and to groove and neighbouring position removing surface, beat
Grind and fixed clamping workpiece to be welded on the table with fixture；
Step 2：Technological parameter is set：
Regenerator section：
Induced-current is 300A~1000A, and it is 100 DEG C~200 DEG C to control preheating temperature, induction coil center and laser light
Spot centre distance d is 5mm~18mm；
Welding portion：
Laser power is 300W~4000W, and spot diameter is 1mm~4mm, and speed of welding is 3mm/s~40mm/s, powder feeding
Speed is 2g/min~25g/min, and powder feeding carrier gas flux is 3L/min~12L/min, and protection gas and line throughput are
5L/min, laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction；
Step 3：Filled in backing plate and Ar gas is filled with Ar grooves, range of flow is 5L/min~15L/min；
Step 4：Preheating load coil first acts on material surface to be welded, control preheating temperature to 100 DEG C~200
DEG C, then, laser beam acts on workpiece surface to be welded, implements to weld while sending into powder filler by coaxial or paraxonic powder feeder
Connect, induction coil preheating device is synchronous with laser beam along weld seam walking welding, that is, completing described electromagnetic induction, synchronously preheating is auxiliary
The connection manufactured based on laser gain material helped.
Embodiment two：Present embodiment from unlike embodiment one：The technological parameter of regenerator section
For：Induced-current is 500A~1000A, and it is 120 DEG C~200 DEG C to control preheating temperature, in induction coil center and laser facula
The heart is 8mm~18mm apart from d.It is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three：Present embodiment from unlike embodiment one：The technological parameter of regenerator section
For：Induced-current is 800A~1000A, and it is 150 DEG C~200 DEG C to control preheating temperature, in induction coil center and laser facula
The heart is 10mm~18mm apart from d.It is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment four：Present embodiment from unlike embodiment one：The technological parameter of regenerator section
For：Induced-current is 800A~1000A, and it is 180 DEG C~200 DEG C to control preheating temperature, in induction coil center and laser facula
The heart is 15mm~18mm apart from d.It is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment five：Present embodiment from unlike embodiment one：The technological parameter of regenerator section
For：Induced-current is 800A~1000A, and it is 160 DEG C to control preheating temperature, and induction coil center is with laser spot center apart from d
For 16mm.It is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment six：Present embodiment from unlike embodiment one：The technological parameter of welding portion
For：Laser power is 500W~4000W, and spot diameter is 1mm~4mm, and speed of welding is 8mm/s~40mm/s, powder feed rate
For 5g/min~25g/min, powder feeding carrier gas flux is 5L/min~12L/min, and protection gas and line throughput are 5L/
Min, laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction.It is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment seven：Present embodiment from unlike embodiment one：The technological parameter of welding portion
For：Laser power is 1000W~4000W, and spot diameter is 1mm~4mm, and speed of welding is 12mm/s~40mm/s, powder feeding speed
Spend for 10g/min~25g/min, powder feeding carrier gas flux is 8L/min~12L/min, protection gas and line throughput are
5L/min, laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction.It is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment eight：Present embodiment from unlike embodiment one：The technological parameter of welding portion
For：Laser power is 2000W~4000W, and spot diameter is 1mm~4mm, and speed of welding is 18mm/s~40mm/s, powder feeding speed
Spend for 15g/min~25g/min, powder feeding carrier gas flux is 8L/min~12L/min, protection gas and line throughput are
5L/min, laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction.It is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment nine：Present embodiment from unlike embodiment one：The technological parameter of welding portion
For：Laser power is 3000W~4000W, and spot diameter is 1mm~4mm, and speed of welding is 25mm/s~40mm/s, powder feeding speed
Spend for 18g/min~25g/min, powder feeding carrier gas flux is 10L/min~12L/min, protection gas and line throughput are
5L/min, laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction.It is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment ten：Present embodiment from unlike embodiment one：The technological parameter of welding portion
For：Laser power is 3500W~4000W, and spot diameter is 1mm~4mm, and speed of welding is 30mm/s~40mm/s, powder feeding speed
Spend for 20g/min~25g/min, powder feeding carrier gas flux is 10L/min~12L/min, protection gas and line throughput are
5L/min, laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction.It is other identical with embodiment one.
Present invention is not limited only to the content of the respective embodiments described above, the group of one of them or several embodiments
Contract sample can also realize the purpose of invention.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are verified by following examples：
Embodiment 1
The method of the present embodiment is as follows：
Step one：Double V-groove is processed into workpiece to be welded position to be welded, and to groove and neighbouring position removing surface, beat
Grind and fixed clamping workpiece to be welded on the table with fixture；
Step 2：Technological parameter is set：
Regenerator section：
Induced-current is 600A, and it is 100 DEG C~150 DEG C to control preheating temperature, induction coil center and laser spot center
It is 5mm apart from d；
Welding portion：
Laser power is 300W, and spot diameter is 1mm, and speed of welding is 3mm/s, and powder feed rate is 2g/min, and powder feeding is carried
Throughput is 3L/min, and protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction；
Step 3：Filled in backing plate and Ar gas is filled with Ar grooves, range of flow is 5L/min~15L/min.
Step 4：Preheating electromagnetic induction coil first acts on material surface to be welded, control preheating temperature to 100 DEG C~200
DEG C, then, laser beam acts on material surface to be welded, implements to weld while sending into powder filler by coaxial or paraxonic powder feeder
Connect, electromagnetic induction coil preheating device is synchronous with laser beam along weld seam walking welding.
Embodiment 2
The method of the present embodiment is as follows：
Step one：Double V-groove is processed into workpiece to be welded position to be welded, and to groove and neighbouring position removing surface, beat
Grind and fixed clamping workpiece to be welded on the table with fixture；
Step 2：Technological parameter is set：
Regenerator section：
Induced-current is 1000A, and it is 200 DEG C~240 DEG C to control preheating temperature, induction coil center and laser spot center
It is 18mm apart from d；
Welding portion：
Laser power is 4000W, and spot diameter is 4mm, and speed of welding is 40mm/s, and powder feed rate is 25g/min, powder feeding
Carrier gas flux is 12L/min, and protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction；
Step 3：Filled in backing plate and Ar gas is filled with Ar grooves, range of flow is 5L/min~15L/min.
Step 4：Preheating load coil first acts on material surface to be welded, control preheating temperature to 100 DEG C~200
DEG C, then, laser beam acts on material surface to be welded, implements to weld while sending into powder filler by coaxial or paraxonic powder feeder
Connect, induction coil preheating device is synchronous with laser beam along weld seam walking welding.
Embodiment 3
The method of the present embodiment is as follows：
Step one：Double V-groove is processed into workpiece to be welded position to be welded, and to groove and neighbouring position removing surface, beat
Grind and fixed clamping workpiece to be welded on the table with fixture；
Step 2：Technological parameter is set：
Regenerator section：
Induced-current is 800A, and it is 120 DEG C~160 DEG C to control preheating temperature, induction coil center and laser spot center
It is 15mm apart from d；
Welding portion：
Laser power is 1000W, and spot diameter is 3mm, and speed of welding is 20mm/s, and powder feed rate is 20g/min, powder feeding
Carrier gas flux is 10L/min, and protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction；
Step 3：Filled in backing plate and Ar gas is filled with Ar grooves, range of flow is 5L/min~15L/min.
Step 4：Preheating electromagnetic induction coil first acts on material surface to be welded, control preheating temperature to 100 DEG C~200
DEG C, then, laser beam acts on material surface to be welded, implements to weld while sending into powder filler by coaxial or paraxonic powder feeder
Connect, induction coil preheating device is synchronous with laser beam along weld seam walking welding.
In order to verify the implementation result of the present invention, using the thick aluminium alloys of 2mm as subjects, it is respectively adopted based on laser gain material
The connection method of manufacture and synchronously preheating auxiliary is carried out based on the connection method that laser gain material is manufactured using electromagnetic induction coil
Welding.Compared with using the connection method welding aluminum alloy manufactured based on laser gain material, synchronously preheated using electromagnetic induction coil
When aiding in the connection method progress Welded based on laser gain material manufacture, due to the pre- heat effect increase of electromagnetic induction coil
Absorptivity of the aluminium alloy to laser, laser power can decline 200W or so, reduce production cost；Under same laser power
Aluminium alloy laser powder-filled connection is carried out, its welding efficiency can improve 1.5 times or so；Preheating has been greatly reduced crackle generation simultaneously
Probability, the uniformity for being conducive to packing material to be distributed improves joint performance.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of connection method manufactured based on laser gain material of the synchronous preheating auxiliary of electromagnetic induction, it is characterised in that it be according to
What following steps were carried out：
Step one：Double V-groove is processed into workpiece to be welded position to be welded, and to groove and neighbouring position removing surface, polishing simultaneously
Clamping workpiece to be welded is fixed on the table with fixture；
Step 2：Technological parameter is set：
Regenerator section：
Induced-current is 800A~1000A, and it is 100 DEG C~200 DEG C to control preheating temperature, in induction coil center and laser facula
The heart is 16mm apart from d；
Welding portion：
Laser power is 300W~4000W, and spot diameter is 1mm~4mm, and speed of welding is 3mm/s~40mm/s, powder feed rate
For 2g/min~25g/min, powder feeding carrier gas flux is 3L/min~12L/min, and protection gas and line throughput are 5L/
Min, laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction；
Step 3：Filled in backing plate and Ar gas is filled with Ar grooves, range of flow is 5L/min~15L/min；
Step 4：Preheating load coil first acts on material surface to be welded, control preheating temperature to 160 DEG C, then, laser
Beam acts on workpiece surface to be welded, implements to weld while sending into powder filler by coaxial or paraxonic powder feeder, induction coil is pre-
Thermal is synchronous with laser beam is walked welding along weld seam, that is, completing described electromagnetic induction, synchronously preheating auxiliary is increased based on laser
The connection of material manufacture；Described workpiece to be welded is Ti-Al series intermetallic compounds material, high temperature alloy or aluminium alloy.
2. a kind of electromagnetic induction according to claim 1 connection side manufactured based on laser gain material that synchronously preheating is aided in
Method, it is characterised in that the technological parameter of welding portion is：Laser power is 500W~4000W, and spot diameter is 1mm~4mm, weldering
Speed is connect for 8mm/s~40mm/s, powder feed rate is 5g/min~25g/min, powder feeding carrier gas flux is 5L/min~12L/
Min, protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction.
3. a kind of electromagnetic induction according to claim 2 connection side manufactured based on laser gain material that synchronously preheating is aided in
Method, it is characterised in that the technological parameter of welding portion is：Laser power is 1000W~4000W, and spot diameter is 1mm~4mm,
Speed of welding be 12mm/s~40mm/s, powder feed rate be 10g/min~25g/min, powder feeding carrier gas flux be 8L/min~
12L/min, protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction.
4. a kind of electromagnetic induction according to claim 3 connection side manufactured based on laser gain material that synchronously preheating is aided in
Method, it is characterised in that the technological parameter of welding portion is：Laser power is 2000W~4000W, and spot diameter is 1mm~4mm,
Speed of welding be 18mm/s~40mm/s, powder feed rate be 15g/min~25g/min, powder feeding carrier gas flux be 8L/min~
12L/min, protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction.
5. a kind of electromagnetic induction according to claim 4 connection side manufactured based on laser gain material that synchronously preheating is aided in
Method, it is characterised in that the technological parameter of welding portion is：Laser power is 3000W~4000W, and spot diameter is 1mm~4mm,
Speed of welding be 25mm/s~40mm/s, powder feed rate be 18g/min~25g/min, powder feeding carrier gas flux be 10L/min~
12L/min, protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction.
6. a kind of electromagnetic induction according to claim 5 connection side manufactured based on laser gain material that synchronously preheating is aided in
Method, it is characterised in that the technological parameter of welding portion is：Laser power is 3500W~4000W, and spot diameter is 1mm~4mm,
Speed of welding be 30mm/s~40mm/s, powder feed rate be 20g/min~25g/min, powder feeding carrier gas flux be 10L/min~
12L/min, protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction.
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| CN107498203B (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2019-06-14 | 北京煜鼎增材制造研究院有限公司 | A kind of electron beam welding and laser gain material manufacture composite connecting method |
| CN107283061A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-10-24 | 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 | A kind of laser c MT welding aluminum alloy increasing material manufacturing methods and formation system |
| CN107812941B (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2020-08-18 | 华中科技大学 | In-situ preparation method for laser additive manufacturing aluminum alloy and product thereof |
| CN108526691B (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2021-08-17 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Laser welding method |
| CN108620587B (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2020-10-16 | 湖南科技大学 | Additive manufacturing device for metal particle induction heating and using method thereof |
| CN108672936B (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2020-04-10 | 湖南科技大学 | Additive manufacturing device and method based on combination of induction heating fuse and laser |
| CN109507194A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-03-22 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | The evaluation method of metal material crack sensitivity during a kind of increasing material manufacturing |
| CN111014951A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-17 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for solving high reflectivity of copper-aluminum laser welding |
| CN112077323A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-12-15 | 北京工业大学 | Laser melting deposition welding method for aluminum alloy additive manufacturing part |
| CN112872364A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-06-01 | 上海大学 | Method and device for 3D printing of gamma-TiAl alloy in static magnetic field |
| CN114871566B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2024-03-22 | 湖北文理学院 | Welding equipment with partitioned auxiliary heating device, welding system and welding control method |
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| WO2002034456A1 (en) * | 2000-10-24 | 2002-05-02 | Elpatronic Ag | Method and device for closing the gap in welding |
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| CN1554510A (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2004-12-15 | 华中科技大学 | Laser-high frequency induction composite welder and its method |
| CN1586786A (en) * | 2004-07-09 | 2005-03-02 | 北京工业大学 | Aluminium alloy laser welding method by powder reinforced absorption |
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