CN105436707A - Connecting method assisted by electro-magnetic induction synchronous preheating and based on laser additive manufacturing - Google Patents
Connecting method assisted by electro-magnetic induction synchronous preheating and based on laser additive manufacturing Download PDFInfo
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- CN105436707A CN105436707A CN201511029220.8A CN201511029220A CN105436707A CN 105436707 A CN105436707 A CN 105436707A CN 201511029220 A CN201511029220 A CN 201511029220A CN 105436707 A CN105436707 A CN 105436707A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
- B23K26/123—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an atmosphere of particular gases
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Abstract
The invention relates to a connecting method, in particular to a connecting method assisted by electro-magnetic induction synchronous preheating and based on laser additive manufacturing. The problems that Ti-Al system intermetallic compound materials, high-temperature alloy, aluminum alloy and the like are sensitive to laser welding cracks, materials serious in laser reflection are prone to defects like cracks during welding, and the laser utilization rate is small are solved. The method includes the steps that a workpiece to be welded is machined, ground and cleaned; process parameters are set, and welding is carried out. An electro-magnetic induction coil serves as a preheating heat source, the crack sensitivity tendency of the materials in the welding process is relieved, the defects that the materials are low in laser adsorption rate, large in energy consumption in the welding process and the like are effectively relieved, and the laser utilization rate is improved. Meanwhile, the welding joint and peripheral materials are heated in an induction mode, the temperature gradient of the area around the welding joint in the welding process is reduced, the micro structure after welding can be effectively improved, and the performance of a welding connector is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of material laser welding new method, be specially and adopt based on the method being aided with the synchronous preheating of electromagnetic induction in the method for attachment process of laser gain material manufacture, belong to materials processing engineering field.
Background technology
Ti-Al series intermetallic compound material alloys has that specific strength is high, density is low, fracture toughness is good and the excellent properties such as creep resistance is strong, become the study hotspot of high-temperature structural material, the alternative materials as conventional Ti alloy and high density nickel base superalloy has been sent to great concern.With Ti in Ti-Al series intermetallic compound
3al, TiAl and TiAl
3research comparatively extensive.
Focus mostly in arc welding, diffusion welding (DW) and electron beam welding about the welding of Ti-Al series intermetallic compound material in current document, found that the intensity of weldment fails to reach the intensity of mother metal, main problem is that the high-temp plastic of weldment is very poor, easily cracks in welding process.There is the problems such as low, the easy formation brittle layer of strength of joint in diffusion welding (DW); Electro-beam welding joint tissue easily forms column crystal and thick equiax crystal; Conventional laser welds because cooling velocity is fast, responsive to thermal weld stress, easily cause coarse grains to affect joint toughness.
Technology that laser gain material manufactures (printing also referred to as 3D) is the thought based on calculus, and the mode of the scanning of employing laser laminar, superposition forming successively increases material and converts mathematical model to Three-dimensional Entity Components.Truly achieve digitlization, intelligent machining, have processing flexibility high, without the need to mould, the advantage such as operation is few, the process-cycle is short, can process arbitrary shape, size adaptability is good, low and drip molding physical and chemical performance is excellent for parts in small batch processing cost.Therefore, easily crack for Ti-Al series intermetallic compound laser weld, organize thick, the problems such as high-temp plastic difference, we propose a kind of method of attachment manufactured based on laser gain material in earlier stage, namely according to the welding line joint of Ti-Al series intermetallic compound, the groove of design definite shape, to adapt to carry out the manufacture of increasing material, then the method for laser deposition is utilized between the weld seam of two connecting materials according to the principle that laser gain material manufactures, the new material that one is similar to weld shape between two mother metals is formed by the method for successively piling up, the new material formed is utilized to connect two mother metals.Owing to being utilize the principle based on increasing material manufacture to adopt the method for successively piling up, the thickness of every layer material is very thin, therefore, by the adjustment to technological parameter, can realize reduction or the control of the defects such as material jointing internal porosity, crackle.
But, adopt in the method connection procedure manufactured based on laser gain material for Ti-Al series intermetallic compound, also occurred crackle between layers at laser deposition; The weld defect problems such as simultaneously for aluminium alloy, adopt in the method connection procedure manufactured based on laser gain material, metal material is relatively more serious to laser reflection, and laser utilization is low, also easily crack.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the problems such as the defect tendencies such as crackle that the material welding serious to laser weld crack-sensitivity, laser reflection such as Ti-Al series intermetallic compound material, high temperature alloy, aluminium alloy exist are large, laser utilization is low, and propose the method for attachment manufactured based on laser gain material that the synchronous preheating of a kind of electromagnetic induction assists.
The method of attachment manufactured based on laser gain material that the synchronous preheating of a kind of electromagnetic induction of the present invention is assisted, it carries out according to following content:
Step one: double V-groove is processed in position to be welded for workpiece to be welded, and to groove and the cleaning of neighbouring surface of position, polishing and with fixture by fixing for clamping workpiece to be welded on the table;
Step 2: technological parameter is set:
Regenerator section:
Induced-current is 300A ~ 1000A, and controlling preheat temperature is 100 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, and induction coil center and laser spot center distance d are 5mm ~ 18mm;
Welding portion:
Laser power is 300W ~ 4000W, and spot diameter is 1mm ~ 4mm, and speed of welding is 3mm/s ~ 40mm/s, powder feed rate is 2g/min ~ 25g/min, powder feeding carrier gas flux is 3L/min ~ 12L/min, and protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction;
Step 3: fill in Ar groove at backing plate and be filled with Ar gas, range of flow is 5L/min ~ 15L/min;
Step 4: preheating load coil first acts on material surface to be welded, control preheat temperature to 100 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, subsequently, laser beam acts on surface of the work to be welded, send into powder filler by coaxial or paraxonic powder feeder simultaneously and implement welding, induction coil preheating device is synchronous with laser beam to walk welding along weld seam, namely completes the connection manufactured based on laser gain material that the synchronous preheating of described electromagnetic induction is assisted.
The present invention is based on laser gain material manufacture method of attachment principle is: utilization increases the principle that material manufactures, and controls energy input, and employing laser deposition, the mode of successively filling form a part being similar to bevel shape and directly connect.Manufacturing in connection procedure based on laser gain material, in the front of laser powder-filled deposition attachment weld, butt joint needs the part connected to heat, heating-up temperature is generally about 100-200 DEG C, to carry out the preheating of laser powder-filled deposition process for follow-up, avoid increasing in material manufacture process and occur crackle, reduce workpiece to sharp light reflectance, raising absorptivity simultaneously.Its heating means can adopt electromagnetic induction heating.What the synchronous preheating of electromagnetic induction was auxiliary can adopt semiconductor laser, CO based on laser in laser gain material manufacture connection procedure
2gas laser, YAG Solid State Laser or optical-fiber laser etc.; Powder feeder adopts monotubular or bitubular powder feeder; Feeding head adopts coaxial or paraxonic feeding head.
The present invention comprises following beneficial effect:
The method of attachment manufactured based on laser gain material that the synchronous preheating of electromagnetic induction is assisted, adopt electromagnetic induction coil as preheating thermal source, alleviate material welding process crack-sensitivity tendency, effectively improve the shortcomings such as material for laser light absorptivity is low, welding process power consumption is large, improve laser utilization; Meanwhile, eddy-current heating weld seam and adjacent material, reduce the thermograde of weld seam peripheral region in welding process, can effectively improve postwelding microstructure, improves property of welded joint.Laser power of the present invention can decline about 200W, reduces production cost; Under same laser power, carry out the connection of aluminium alloy laser powder-filled, its welding efficiency can improve about 1.5 times.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be the synchronous preheating of electromagnetic induction of the present invention auxiliary manufacture method of attachment schematic diagram based on laser gain material.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: the method for attachment manufactured based on laser gain material that the synchronous preheating of a kind of electromagnetic induction of present embodiment is assisted, it carries out according to following content:
Step one: double V-groove is processed in position to be welded for workpiece to be welded, and to groove and the cleaning of neighbouring surface of position, polishing and with fixture by fixing for clamping workpiece to be welded on the table;
Step 2: technological parameter is set:
Regenerator section:
Induced-current is 300A ~ 1000A, and controlling preheat temperature is 100 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, and induction coil center and laser spot center distance d are 5mm ~ 18mm;
Welding portion:
Laser power is 300W ~ 4000W, and spot diameter is 1mm ~ 4mm, and speed of welding is 3mm/s ~ 40mm/s, powder feed rate is 2g/min ~ 25g/min, powder feeding carrier gas flux is 3L/min ~ 12L/min, and protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction;
Step 3: fill in Ar groove at backing plate and be filled with Ar gas, range of flow is 5L/min ~ 15L/min;
Step 4: preheating load coil first acts on material surface to be welded, control preheat temperature to 100 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, subsequently, laser beam acts on surface of the work to be welded, send into powder filler by coaxial or paraxonic powder feeder simultaneously and implement welding, induction coil preheating device is synchronous with laser beam to walk welding along weld seam, namely completes the connection manufactured based on laser gain material that the synchronous preheating of described electromagnetic induction is assisted.
Detailed description of the invention two: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one unlike: the technological parameter of regenerator section is: induced-current is 500A ~ 1000A, controlling preheat temperature is 120 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, and induction coil center and laser spot center distance d are 8mm ~ 18mm.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention three: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one unlike: the technological parameter of regenerator section is: induced-current is 800A ~ 1000A, controlling preheat temperature is 150 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, and induction coil center and laser spot center distance d are 10mm ~ 18mm.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention four: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one unlike: the technological parameter of regenerator section is: induced-current is 800A ~ 1000A, controlling preheat temperature is 180 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, and induction coil center and laser spot center distance d are 15mm ~ 18mm.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention five: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one unlike: the technological parameter of regenerator section is: induced-current is 800A ~ 1000A, and controlling preheat temperature is 160 DEG C, and induction coil center and laser spot center distance d are 16mm.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention six: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one unlike: the technological parameter of welding portion is: laser power is 500W ~ 4000W; spot diameter is 1mm ~ 4mm; speed of welding is 8mm/s ~ 40mm/s; powder feed rate is 5g/min ~ 25g/min; powder feeding carrier gas flux is 5L/min ~ 12L/min; protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention seven: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one unlike: the technological parameter of welding portion is: laser power is 1000W ~ 4000W; spot diameter is 1mm ~ 4mm; speed of welding is 12mm/s ~ 40mm/s; powder feed rate is 10g/min ~ 25g/min; powder feeding carrier gas flux is 8L/min ~ 12L/min; protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention eight: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one unlike: the technological parameter of welding portion is: laser power is 2000W ~ 4000W; spot diameter is 1mm ~ 4mm; speed of welding is 18mm/s ~ 40mm/s; powder feed rate is 15g/min ~ 25g/min; powder feeding carrier gas flux is 8L/min ~ 12L/min; protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention nine: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one unlike: the technological parameter of welding portion is: laser power is 3000W ~ 4000W; spot diameter is 1mm ~ 4mm; speed of welding is 25mm/s ~ 40mm/s; powder feed rate is 18g/min ~ 25g/min; powder feeding carrier gas flux is 10L/min ~ 12L/min; protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention ten: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one unlike: the technological parameter of welding portion is: laser power is 3500W ~ 4000W; spot diameter is 1mm ~ 4mm; speed of welding is 30mm/s ~ 40mm/s; powder feed rate is 20g/min ~ 25g/min; powder feeding carrier gas flux is 10L/min ~ 12L/min; protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Content of the present invention is not limited only to the content of the respective embodiments described above, and the combination of one of them or several detailed description of the invention equally also can realize the object of inventing.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is verified by following examples:
Embodiment 1
The method of the present embodiment is as follows:
Step one: double V-groove is processed in position to be welded for workpiece to be welded, and to groove and the cleaning of neighbouring surface of position, polishing and with fixture by fixing for clamping workpiece to be welded on the table;
Step 2: technological parameter is set:
Regenerator section:
Induced-current is 600A, and controlling preheat temperature is 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, and induction coil center and laser spot center distance d are 5mm;
Welding portion:
Laser power is 300W, and spot diameter is 1mm, and speed of welding is 3mm/s, and powder feed rate is 2g/min, and powder feeding carrier gas flux is 3L/min, and protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction;
Step 3: fill in Ar groove at backing plate and be filled with Ar gas, range of flow is 5L/min ~ 15L/min.
Step 4: preheating electromagnetic induction coil first acts on material surface to be welded, control preheat temperature to 100 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, subsequently, laser beam acts on material surface to be welded, send into powder filler by coaxial or paraxonic powder feeder simultaneously and implement welding, electromagnetic induction coil preheating device is synchronous with laser beam to walk welding along weld seam.
Embodiment 2
The method of the present embodiment is as follows:
Step one: double V-groove is processed in position to be welded for workpiece to be welded, and to groove and the cleaning of neighbouring surface of position, polishing and with fixture by fixing for clamping workpiece to be welded on the table;
Step 2: technological parameter is set:
Regenerator section:
Induced-current is 1000A, and controlling preheat temperature is 200 DEG C ~ 240 DEG C, and induction coil center and laser spot center distance d are 18mm;
Welding portion:
Laser power is 4000W, and spot diameter is 4mm, and speed of welding is 40mm/s, and powder feed rate is 25g/min, and powder feeding carrier gas flux is 12L/min, and protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction;
Step 3: fill in Ar groove at backing plate and be filled with Ar gas, range of flow is 5L/min ~ 15L/min.
Step 4: preheating load coil first acts on material surface to be welded, control preheat temperature to 100 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, subsequently, laser beam acts on material surface to be welded, send into powder filler by coaxial or paraxonic powder feeder simultaneously and implement welding, induction coil preheating device is synchronous with laser beam to walk welding along weld seam.
Embodiment 3
The method of the present embodiment is as follows:
Step one: double V-groove is processed in position to be welded for workpiece to be welded, and to groove and the cleaning of neighbouring surface of position, polishing and with fixture by fixing for clamping workpiece to be welded on the table;
Step 2: technological parameter is set:
Regenerator section:
Induced-current is 800A, and controlling preheat temperature is 120 DEG C ~ 160 DEG C, and induction coil center and laser spot center distance d are 15mm;
Welding portion:
Laser power is 1000W, and spot diameter is 3mm, and speed of welding is 20mm/s, and powder feed rate is 20g/min, and powder feeding carrier gas flux is 10L/min, and protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction;
Step 3: fill in Ar groove at backing plate and be filled with Ar gas, range of flow is 5L/min ~ 15L/min.
Step 4: preheating electromagnetic induction coil first acts on material surface to be welded, control preheat temperature to 100 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, subsequently, laser beam acts on material surface to be welded, send into powder filler by coaxial or paraxonic powder feeder simultaneously and implement welding, induction coil preheating device is synchronous with laser beam to walk welding along weld seam.
In order to verify implementation result of the present invention, with the thick aluminium alloy of 2mm for subjects, the method for attachment based on laser gain material manufacture is adopted to assist the method for attachment based on laser gain material manufacture to weld with the synchronous preheating of employing electromagnetic induction coil respectively.Compared with the method for attachment welding aluminum alloy adopted based on laser gain material manufacture, when adopting the synchronous preheating of electromagnetic induction coil to assist the method for attachment based on laser gain material manufacture to carry out Welded, pre-heat effect due to electromagnetic induction coil adds the absorptivity of aluminium alloy to laser, laser power can decline about 200W, reduces production cost; Under same laser power, carry out the connection of aluminium alloy laser powder-filled, its welding efficiency can improve about 1.5 times; Preheating simultaneously also greatly reduces crackle and produces probability, is conducive to the uniformity of packing material distribution, improves joint performance.
Claims (10)
1. the synchronous preheating of electromagnetic induction assist based on laser gain material manufacture a method of attachment, it is characterized in that it carries out according to following steps:
Step one: double V-groove is processed in position to be welded for workpiece to be welded, and to groove and the cleaning of neighbouring surface of position, polishing and with fixture by fixing for clamping workpiece to be welded on the table;
Step 2: technological parameter is set:
Regenerator section:
Induced-current is 300A ~ 1000A, and controlling preheat temperature is 100 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, and induction coil center and laser spot center distance d are 5mm ~ 18mm;
Welding portion:
Laser power is 300W ~ 4000W, and spot diameter is 1mm ~ 4mm, and speed of welding is 3mm/s ~ 40mm/s, powder feed rate is 2g/min ~ 25g/min, powder feeding carrier gas flux is 3L/min ~ 12L/min, and protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction;
Step 3: fill in Ar groove at backing plate and be filled with Ar gas, range of flow is 5L/min ~ 15L/min;
Step 4: preheating load coil first acts on material surface to be welded, control preheat temperature to 100 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, subsequently, laser beam acts on surface of the work to be welded, send into powder filler by coaxial or paraxonic powder feeder simultaneously and implement welding, induction coil preheating device is synchronous with laser beam to walk welding along weld seam, namely completes the connection manufactured based on laser gain material that the synchronous preheating of described electromagnetic induction is assisted.
2. the synchronous preheating of a kind of electromagnetic induction according to claim 1 assist based on laser gain material manufacture method of attachment, it is characterized in that the technological parameter of regenerator section is: induced-current is 500A ~ 1000A, controlling preheat temperature is 120 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, and induction coil center and laser spot center distance d are 8mm ~ 18mm.
3. the synchronous preheating of a kind of electromagnetic induction according to claim 2 assist based on laser gain material manufacture method of attachment, it is characterized in that the technological parameter of regenerator section is: induced-current is 800A ~ 1000A, controlling preheat temperature is 150 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, and induction coil center and laser spot center distance d are 10mm ~ 18mm.
4. the synchronous preheating of a kind of electromagnetic induction according to claim 3 assist based on laser gain material manufacture method of attachment, it is characterized in that the technological parameter of regenerator section is: induced-current is 800A ~ 1000A, controlling preheat temperature is 180 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, and induction coil center and laser spot center distance d are 15mm ~ 18mm.
5. the synchronous preheating of a kind of electromagnetic induction according to claim 4 assist based on laser gain material manufacture method of attachment, it is characterized in that the technological parameter of regenerator section is: induced-current is 800A ~ 1000A, controlling preheat temperature is 160 DEG C, and induction coil center and laser spot center distance d are 16mm.
6. the synchronous preheating of a kind of electromagnetic induction according to claim 1 assist based on laser gain material manufacture method of attachment; it is characterized in that the technological parameter of welding portion is: laser power is 500W ~ 4000W; spot diameter is 1mm ~ 4mm; speed of welding is 8mm/s ~ 40mm/s; powder feed rate is 5g/min ~ 25g/min; powder feeding carrier gas flux is 5L/min ~ 12L/min, and protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction.
7. the synchronous preheating of a kind of electromagnetic induction according to claim 6 assist based on laser gain material manufacture method of attachment; it is characterized in that the technological parameter of welding portion is: laser power is 1000W ~ 4000W; spot diameter is 1mm ~ 4mm; speed of welding is 12mm/s ~ 40mm/s; powder feed rate is 10g/min ~ 25g/min; powder feeding carrier gas flux is 8L/min ~ 12L/min, and protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction.
8. the synchronous preheating of a kind of electromagnetic induction according to claim 7 assist based on laser gain material manufacture method of attachment; it is characterized in that the technological parameter of welding portion is: laser power is 2000W ~ 4000W; spot diameter is 1mm ~ 4mm; speed of welding is 18mm/s ~ 40mm/s; powder feed rate is 15g/min ~ 25g/min; powder feeding carrier gas flux is 8L/min ~ 12L/min, and protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction.
9. the synchronous preheating of a kind of electromagnetic induction according to claim 8 assist based on laser gain material manufacture method of attachment; it is characterized in that the technological parameter of welding portion is: laser power is 3000W ~ 4000W; spot diameter is 1mm ~ 4mm; speed of welding is 25mm/s ~ 40mm/s; powder feed rate is 18g/min ~ 25g/min; powder feeding carrier gas flux is 10L/min ~ 12L/min, and protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction.
10. the synchronous preheating of a kind of electromagnetic induction according to claim 9 assist based on laser gain material manufacture method of attachment; it is characterized in that the technological parameter of welding portion is: laser power is 3500W ~ 4000W; spot diameter is 1mm ~ 4mm; speed of welding is 30mm/s ~ 40mm/s; powder feed rate is 20g/min ~ 25g/min; powder feeding carrier gas flux is 10L/min ~ 12L/min, and protection gas and line throughput are 5L/min, and laser head leans forward 5 ° along welding direction.
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| CN107498203A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-12-22 | 北京煜鼎增材制造研究院有限公司 | A kind of electron beam welding and laser gain material manufacture composite connecting method |
| CN107812941A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-20 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of in-situ preparation method of laser gain material manufacture aluminium alloy and products thereof |
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