CN105108362A - Method of welding cutting teeth through electron beams - Google Patents
Method of welding cutting teeth through electron beams Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105108362A CN105108362A CN201510611509.4A CN201510611509A CN105108362A CN 105108362 A CN105108362 A CN 105108362A CN 201510611509 A CN201510611509 A CN 201510611509A CN 105108362 A CN105108362 A CN 105108362A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- welding
- electron beam
- pedestal
- solder
- paillon foil
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K28/00—Welding or cutting not covered by any of the preceding groups, e.g. electrolytic welding
- B23K28/02—Combined welding or cutting procedures or apparatus
Abstract
The invention provides a method of welding cutting teeth through electron beams and relates to a cutting tooth welding method, in particular to an electron beam welding method adopted for the position between cylindrical tooth heads of cutting teeth of a heading machine and a groove-shaped foundation support. The method aims to solve the problems that by means of a brazing method adopted for existing cutting tooth manufacturing, the cutting teeth are poor in strength and short in service life, and effective connection of the bottom face cannot be guaranteed by means of a fusion welding method. The method includes the steps that 1, mechanical grinding pretreatment is conducted, demagnetization is conducted, then acetone ultrasonic processing is conducted, side filling foil solder is embedded into the bottom of the side wall of a groove, then the solder foil is pressed into the bottom face of the groove, then the tooth heads are placed into the groove of the foundation support, and workpieces to be welded are obtained; 2, the workpieces to be welded are welded. The method is used for conducting electron beam welding on a coal mining machine and the cutting teeth of the feeding machine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of welding pick, specifically relate to the electro-beam welding method between a kind of cylin-drical tooth head of development machine pick and groove type pedestal.
Background technology
Coal-winning machine and development machine pick are mostly fixed in base steel seat by hard-metal insert head and make.Carbide alloy powder metallurgy process is produced, be made up of transition group refractory metal compound (as WC, TiC, TaC, NbC etc.) and binding metal (as Co, Ni, Fe), there is the characteristics of organizational structure of hard phase+Binder Phase, there is the engineered composite material of better intensity, Hardness and toughness matching, be widely used in the fields such as Metal Cutting, cold forming tool and wearing piece.But because carbide alloy preparation is more difficult and expensive, therefore generally can not be used alone, but couple together with other materials and use.At present, be connected the material used with carbide alloy and be generally structural steel or carbon steel, can be used for connecting carbide alloy and the method for steel and comprise mechanical fixing, bonding and welding etc.Mainly concentrate on gas metal-arc welding (MIG or MAG) at present in welding field, but this method production efficiency is low, weld seam is easy to crack, and is not suitable for the welding of groove structure.Soldering has due to it connection that good applicability can be widely used in labyrinth, but due to its brazed seam mechanical property, comparatively joint made by flame welding is low, easily crack when welding with steel groove structure for carbide alloy simultaneously, therefore should not be applied to separately the connection of this structure.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve in existing pick manufacture to adopt its intensity difference of the method for soldering, service life is short but adopts fusion welding method can not ensure again the problem that bottom surface effectively connects, and provides a kind of method of electron beam welding pick.
The method of a kind of electron beam welding pick of the present invention is carried out according to the following steps:
One, to side and the bottom surface of tooth head, the recess sidewall of pedestal and groove floor and side infill paillon foil solder carry out mechanical grinding pretreatment, obtain tooth head to be processed, the side infill paillon foil solder of pedestal to be processed and surfacing, by tooth head to be processed, the side infill paillon foil solder of pedestal to be processed and surfacing demagnetizes on demagnetizer, then acetone ultrasonic process 5min ~ 15min is adopted, obtain processing rear tooth-head, pedestal and the side infill paillon foil solder after processing after process, by symmetrical for the side infill paillon foil solder after the two panels process bottom vertically embedding the recess sidewall of the rear pedestal of process, then be the groove floor of pedestal after the superimposed press-in process of solder paillon foil of 50 μm ~ 100 μm by two panels thickness, again process rear tooth-head is put into the groove of the rear pedestal of process, obtain workpiece to be welded,
Two, electron beam welding vacuum chamber put into by the workpiece to be welded step one obtained, and fixes on the table, by the vacuum degree control of electron beam welding vacuum chamber 4 × 10
-4torr, then under the focus current of 3000mA, adopt the welding line of 16mA to carry out two circle preheatings with 300mm/min speed, then be 2480mA at focus current, beam power is 880W ~ 1210W, welding line is 16mA ~ 22mA, welding plan range electron beam gun distance is 160mm, position Pian Gang side 0.1mm ~ 0.5mm is restrainted and speed of welding is weld under the condition of 300mm/min under electron beam, under the focus current of 3000mA, adopt the welding line of 12mA ~ 14mA to carry out two circle after heat with 300mm/min speed after having welded again, then be 4 × 10 in vacuum
-4cool 2min ~ 3min in the electron beam welding vacuum chamber of torr, take out and be cooled to room temperature, complete welding carbide alloy and groove-like structural steel pedestal.
Principle: before welding, the vacuum of adjustment electron beam welding vacuum chamber is 4 × 10
-4torr, welding plan range electron beam gun distance is 160mm, restraints Pian Gang side, position 0.1mm ~ 0.5mm, according to welding sequence, path of welding is divided into 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° four welding positions under electron beam; Welding process: under be 3000mA and speed of welding being 1. the condition of 300mm/min at focus current, at the uniform velocity 16mA is increased to by 0mA at 0 ° ~ 90 ° position welding lines, then then weld line with the line of 16mA welding 2 circle and reduce to 0mA by 16mA, keep welding line 0mA subsequently, welding position is classified as 0 °; 2. focus current 2480mA, speed of welding 300mm/min is adopted after, 0 ° ~ 90 ° position welding lines are increased to 16mA ~ 22mA by 0mA gradually, then with 16mA ~ 22mA line welding 2 circle, then weld line and reduce to 0mA by 16mA ~ 22mA, keep welding line 0mA subsequently, welding position is classified as 0 °; 3. last focus current 3000mA, speed of welding 300mm/min, 0 ° ~ 90 ° position welding lines are increased to 14mA by 0mA gradually, then enclose now welding position with 14mA line welding 1 and arrive 90 ° of positions, then reduce to 12mA at 90 ° ~ 180 ° position welding lines by 14mA, 0mA is reduced to by 12mA at 180 ° ~ 270 ° position welding lines, keep welding line 0mA subsequently, welding position is classified as 0 ° by 270 °, is then 4 × 10 in vacuum
-4cool 2min ~ 3min in the electron beam welding vacuum chamber of torr, take out and be cooled to room temperature, complete welding carbide alloy and groove-like structural steel pedestal.
1. step realizes bottom surface brazing process, solder wetting is sprawled, and the employing of this process defocuses mode and carries out the heating of one fixed width annular region at the upper surface of carbide alloy and steel, utilizes heat conducting mode beam energy to be delivered to the solder place of bottom surface, reaching fusing point makes it melt, and wetting and spreading.
2. step realizes sidewall electron beam welding process, carries out the insulating process of soldering simultaneously.This process adopts the type of focusing, electron beam is acted on the interface of carbide alloy and steel, and this process terminates rear wall and realizes molten brazing, and the heat being simultaneously delivered to bottom surface can continue fusing solder and extend insulating process.
3. step adopts the mode of defocusing to carry out the heating of one fixed width annular region at the upper surface of carbide alloy and steel, ensures to reduce cooling velocity simultaneously and prevent defect from producing the diffusion time of bottom surface solder and mother metal.Welding terminates slow cooling a period of time in final vacuum, and be cooled to room temperature after taking-up, this process can prevent the generation of crackle further.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, the invention solves conventional fused weldering and disposablely can not realize for this type of groove structure the drawback that ring wall welds with bottom surface simultaneously, improve welding efficiency, the method of electron beam welding is adopted to effectively reduce heat affected area scope, decrease the loss of melting loss of elements and hard phase, reduce the generation of brittlement phase and the generation of crackle in weld seam.
2, the present invention utilizes heat during electron beam welding to make bottom surface brazing filler metal melts form soldered fitting, well decreases the integral braze-welded problem easily cracked, ensure that effective connection of bottom surface simultaneously.
3, defocus before weldering in the present invention preheating first ensure that bottom surface solder fusing, sprawl, coordinate postwelding to defocus after heat simultaneously and reduce welding stress in two kinds of welding points, effectively prevent the crackle at carbide alloy place to produce.
4, the present invention embeds paillon foil to recess sidewall root and can be good at slowly-releasing root of joint stress, is beneficial to the seam of joint made by flame welding root simultaneously, is beneficial to the seam of joint made by flame welding root simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is welding point schematic diagram, and wherein 1 is tooth head, and 2 is the pedestal being with groove, and 3 is sidewall joint made by flame welding region, and 4 is soldered fitting region, bottom surface;
Fig. 2 is the SEM figure in sidewall joint made by flame welding region in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the SEM figure in soldered fitting region in bottom surface in Fig. 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: the method for a kind of electron beam welding pick of present embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:
One, to side and the bottom surface of tooth head, the recess sidewall of pedestal and groove floor and side infill paillon foil solder carry out mechanical grinding pretreatment, obtain tooth head to be processed, the side infill paillon foil solder of pedestal to be processed and surfacing, by tooth head to be processed, the side infill paillon foil solder of pedestal to be processed and surfacing demagnetizes on demagnetizer, then acetone ultrasonic process 5min ~ 15min is adopted, obtain processing rear tooth-head, pedestal and the side infill paillon foil solder after processing after process, by symmetrical for the side infill paillon foil solder after the two panels process bottom vertically embedding the recess sidewall of the rear pedestal of process, then be the groove floor of pedestal after the superimposed press-in process of solder paillon foil of 50 μm ~ 100 μm by two panels thickness, again process rear tooth-head is put into the groove of the rear pedestal of process, obtain workpiece to be welded,
Two, electron beam welding vacuum chamber put into by the workpiece to be welded step one obtained, and fixes on the table, by the vacuum degree control of electron beam welding vacuum chamber 4 × 10
-4torr, then under the focus current of 3000mA, adopt the welding line of 16mA to carry out two circle preheatings with 300mm/min speed, then be 2480mA at focus current, beam power is 880W ~ 1210W, welding line is 16mA ~ 22mA, welding plan range electron beam gun distance is 160mm, position Pian Gang side 0.1mm ~ 0.5mm is restrainted and speed of welding is weld under the condition of 300mm/min under electron beam, under the focus current of 3000mA, adopt the welding line of 12mA ~ 14mA to carry out two circle after heat with 300mm/min speed after having welded again, then be 4 × 10 in vacuum
-4cool 2min ~ 3min in the electron beam welding vacuum chamber of torr, take out and be cooled to room temperature, complete welding carbide alloy and groove-like structural steel pedestal.
Present embodiment solves conventional fused weldering disposablely can not realize for this type of groove structure the drawback that ring wall welds with bottom surface simultaneously, improve welding efficiency, the method of electron beam welding is adopted to effectively reduce heat affected area scope, decrease the loss of melting loss of elements and hard phase, reduce the generation of brittlement phase and the generation of crackle in weld seam.
Present embodiment utilizes heat during electron beam welding to make bottom surface brazing filler metal melts form soldered fitting, well decreases the integral braze-welded problem easily cracked, ensure that effective connection of bottom surface simultaneously.
Defocus before weldering in present embodiment preheating first ensure that bottom surface solder fusing, sprawl, coordinate postwelding to defocus after heat simultaneously and reduce welding stress in two kinds of welding points, effectively prevent the crackle at carbide alloy place to produce.
Present embodiment embeds paillon foil to recess sidewall root and can be good at slowly-releasing root of joint stress, is beneficial to the seam of joint made by flame welding root simultaneously, is beneficial to the seam of joint made by flame welding root simultaneously.
Detailed description of the invention two: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one unlike: the material of the tooth head described in step one is WC-Co.Other are identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention three: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one or two unlike: the material of pedestal described in step one is 40Cr.Other are identical with detailed description of the invention one or two.
Detailed description of the invention four: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to three unlike: the paillon foil of side infill described in step one solder is BNi
2paillon foil solder.Other are identical with detailed description of the invention one to three.
Detailed description of the invention five: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to four are unlike thickness described in step one is the solder paillon foil of 50 μm ~ 100 μm to be thickness the be Ag-Cu-Ti paillon foil of 50 μm ~ 100 μm.Other are identical with detailed description of the invention one to three.
Adopt following verification experimental verification effect of the present invention:
Test one: a kind of method of electron beam welding pick is carried out according to the following steps:
One, to tooth head side, tooth head bottom surface, the recess sidewall of pedestal, the groove floor of pedestal and side infill BNi
2paillon foil solder carries out mechanical grinding pretreatment, obtains the side infill paillon foil solder of workpiece to be processed and surfacing, by the side infill BNi of workpiece to be processed and surfacing
2paillon foil solder demagnetizes on demagnetizer, then adopts acetone ultrasonic process 5min ~ 15min, obtains the side infill BNi after the workpiece to be processed after processing and process
2paillon foil solder, by the side infill BNi after two panels process
2bottom the symmetrical recess sidewall vertically embedding base steel seat of paillon foil solder, be then the superimposed press-in groove floor of Ag-Cu-Ti paillon foil of 50 μm by two panels thickness, then tooth head put into the groove of pedestal, obtain workpiece to be welded; Described tooth head is for being of a size of the WC-Co of Φ 20 × 5mm, and pedestal is the 40Cr opening Φ 20 × 4mm groove in size Φ 35 × 20mm; Described side infill BNi
2the width of paillon foil solder is 1.5mm;
Two, electron beam welding vacuum chamber put into by the workpiece to be welded step one obtained, and fixes on the table, and the vacuum of adjustment electron beam welding vacuum chamber is 4 × 10
-4torr, welding plan range electron beam gun distance is 160mm, restraints Pian Gang side, position 0.1mm ~ 0.5mm, according to welding sequence, path of welding is divided into 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° four welding positions under electron beam; Welding process: under be 3000mA and speed of welding being 1. the condition of 300mm/min at focus current, at the uniform velocity 16mA is increased to by 0mA at 0 ° ~ 90 ° position welding lines, then then weld line with the line of 16mA welding 2 circle and reduce to 0mA by 16mA, keep welding line 0mA subsequently, welding position is classified as 0 °; 2. focus current 2480mA, speed of welding 300mm/min is adopted after, 0 ° ~ 90 ° position welding lines are increased to 16mA by 0mA gradually, then with 16mA line welding 2 circle, then weld line and reduce to 0mA by 16mA, keep welding line 0mA subsequently, welding position is classified as 0 °; 3. last focus current 3000mA, speed of welding 300mm/min, 0 ° ~ 90 ° position welding lines are increased to 14mA by 0mA gradually, then enclose now welding position with 14mA line welding 1 and arrive 90 ° of positions, then reduce to 12mA at 90 ° ~ 180 ° position welding lines by 14mA, 0mA is reduced to by 12mA at 180 ° ~ 270 ° position welding lines, keep welding line 0mA subsequently, welding position is classified as 0 ° by 270 °, is then 4 × 10 in vacuum
-4cool 2min ~ 3min in the electron beam welding vacuum chamber of torr, take out and be cooled to room temperature, complete welding carbide alloy and groove-like structural steel pedestal.
Fig. 1 is welding point schematic diagram, and wherein 1 is tooth head, and 2 is the pedestal being with groove, and 3 is sidewall joint made by flame welding region, and 4 is soldered fitting region, bottom surface; Fig. 2 is the SEM figure in sidewall joint made by flame welding region in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is the SEM figure in soldered fitting region in bottom surface in Fig. 1.As can be seen from the figure two kinds of obvious soldering interface patterns, left side brazing layer is that bottom surface brazing filler metal melts is formed, and right side brazing layer is that sidewall electron beam weld metal sucks bottom surface and formed, thus is used for filling up the deficiency of bottom edge place solder.Realize overall effective connection, the defects such as the observation of gained section of weld joint does not crack, pore, in SEM image, butt welded seam is observed and can be found not produce the intensive η phase of cluster, and significantly loose growing up does not appear in nearly weld seam side WC particle simultaneously, and interface transition is mild.
In order to evaluate the mechanical property of joint comparatively accurately, in test, all along change in coordinate axis direction, four non-standard shearing samples are cut out to each welded specimen, shear strength test is carried out with the loading velocity of 0.5mm/min, result shows, the average shear strength after the present invention completes welding carbide alloy and groove-like structural steel pedestal reaches 506MPa.
Claims (5)
1. a method for electron beam welding pick, is characterized in that the method for electron beam welding pick is carried out according to the following steps:
One, to side and the bottom surface of tooth head, the recess sidewall of pedestal and groove floor and side infill paillon foil solder carry out mechanical grinding pretreatment, obtain tooth head to be processed, the side infill paillon foil solder of pedestal to be processed and surfacing, by tooth head to be processed, the side infill paillon foil solder of pedestal to be processed and surfacing demagnetizes on demagnetizer, then acetone ultrasonic process 5min ~ 15min is adopted, obtain processing rear tooth-head, pedestal and the side infill paillon foil solder after processing after process, by symmetrical for the side infill paillon foil solder after the two panels process bottom vertically embedding the recess sidewall of the rear pedestal of process, then be the groove floor of pedestal after the superimposed press-in process of solder paillon foil of 50 μm ~ 100 μm by two panels thickness, again process rear tooth-head is put into the groove of the rear pedestal of process, obtain workpiece to be welded,
Two, electron beam welding vacuum chamber put into by the workpiece to be welded step one obtained, and fixes on the table, by the vacuum degree control of electron beam welding vacuum chamber 4 × 10
-4torr, then under the focus current of 3000mA, adopt the welding line of 16mA to carry out two circle preheatings with 300mm/min speed, then be 2480mA at focus current, beam power is 880W ~ 1210W, welding line is 16mA ~ 22mA, welding plan range electron beam gun distance is 160mm, position Pian Gang side 0.1mm ~ 0.5mm is restrainted and speed of welding is weld under the condition of 300mm/min under electron beam, under the focus current of 3000mA, adopt the welding line of 12mA ~ 14mA to carry out two circle after heat with 300mm/min speed after having welded again, then be 4 × 10 in vacuum
-4cool 2min ~ 3min in the electron beam welding vacuum chamber of torr, take out and be cooled to room temperature, complete welding carbide alloy and groove-like structural steel pedestal.
2. the method for a kind of electron beam welding pick according to claim 1, is characterized in that the material of the tooth head described in step one is WC-Co.
3. the method for a kind of electron beam welding pick according to claim 1, is characterized in that the material of pedestal described in step one is 40Cr.
4. the method for a kind of electron beam welding pick according to claim 1, is characterized in that the paillon foil of side infill described in step one solder is BNi
2paillon foil solder.
5. the method for a kind of electron beam welding pick according to claim 1, is characterized in that thickness described in step one be the solder paillon foil of 50 μm ~ 100 μm to be thickness is the Ag-Cu-Ti paillon foil of 50 μm ~ 100 μm.
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| CN201510611509.4A CN105108362B (en) | 2015-09-23 | 2015-09-23 | Method of welding cutting teeth through electron beams |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109175656A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-01-11 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of method that electron beam frit repairs high-strength steel defect |
| CN110860816A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-03-06 | 李文娟 | Plate for manufacturing hook claw on control rod driving mechanism and manufacturing method |
| CN114043062A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-02-15 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Electron beam welding method for ultrahigh-strength gear bearing steel |
| CN114453693A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-05-10 | 合肥工业大学 | Contact reaction brazing process for connecting TZM alloy and graphite by pure zirconium layer |
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| JPS58187277A (en) * | 1982-04-27 | 1983-11-01 | Japan Steel Works Ltd:The | Joining method of hard fusion weldable member |
| CN101829781A (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2010-09-15 | 四川大学 | Method for connecting hard alloy of inactive intermediate layer and steel |
| CN101890571A (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2010-11-24 | 李艽 | Welding method for prolonging hard alloy tool with double metal structure |
| CN102935561A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2013-02-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Filling material for welding hard alloy and steel by electron beam |
| US20150211623A1 (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2015-07-30 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Bi-metallic sprocket, and method of making same |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| JPS58187277A (en) * | 1982-04-27 | 1983-11-01 | Japan Steel Works Ltd:The | Joining method of hard fusion weldable member |
| CN101829781A (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2010-09-15 | 四川大学 | Method for connecting hard alloy of inactive intermediate layer and steel |
| CN101890571A (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2010-11-24 | 李艽 | Welding method for prolonging hard alloy tool with double metal structure |
| CN102935561A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2013-02-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Filling material for welding hard alloy and steel by electron beam |
| US20150211623A1 (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2015-07-30 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Bi-metallic sprocket, and method of making same |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109175656A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-01-11 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of method that electron beam frit repairs high-strength steel defect |
| CN110860816A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-03-06 | 李文娟 | Plate for manufacturing hook claw on control rod driving mechanism and manufacturing method |
| CN114043062A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-02-15 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Electron beam welding method for ultrahigh-strength gear bearing steel |
| CN114453693A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-05-10 | 合肥工业大学 | Contact reaction brazing process for connecting TZM alloy and graphite by pure zirconium layer |
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