CN102954782A - Non-contact measuring system and non-contact measuring method for shallow water terrain in model test - Google Patents
Non-contact measuring system and non-contact measuring method for shallow water terrain in model test Download PDFInfo
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- CN102954782A CN102954782A CN2012104125242A CN201210412524A CN102954782A CN 102954782 A CN102954782 A CN 102954782A CN 2012104125242 A CN2012104125242 A CN 2012104125242A CN 201210412524 A CN201210412524 A CN 201210412524A CN 102954782 A CN102954782 A CN 102954782A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a non-contact measuring system and a non-contact measuring method for a shallow water terrain in a model test. The system comprises a terrain measuring probe, a measuring trolley, a measuring bridge, a guide rail, a locating device and a measurement control and data processing device. The method comprises the following steps of: fixing a laser ranging probe and an ultrasonic ranging probe on the measuring trolley in parallel, vertically fixing the probes over the water surface of the model, wherein the water in the model test is relatively shallow, so that the laser probe can emit laser which can penetrate through the two media of air and water so as to arrive at the underwater terrain, the ultrasonic probe measures the distance from the probe to the water surface of the model, in combination with the ratio of the speed of the laser in the air to the speed of the laser in the water, the distance from the laser probe to the underground terrain is calculated, and then, by virtue of the measuring trolley, the measuring bridge and the guide rail, the shallow water three-dimensional terrain in the model test is measured. The system provided by the invention is simple in structure, easy to build and beneficial to promotion and use; and the method provided by the invention can be used for quickly and accurately measuring the shallow water terrain in the model test by means of non-contact measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to measure shallow water topography system and measuring method in a kind of model test, be specifically related to contactless measuring system and the measuring method of shallow water landform in a kind of model test, belong to river seashore silt field of engineering technology.
Background technology
Because the complicacy of water movement mechanism and natural river course border is complicated and changeable, many problems are difficult to draw the mathematical analysis solution, some solution of problem even can follow without certain rule, and model test is to carry out the important research method that the river seashore is studied always.In model test, topographical surveying has material impact for research water flow structure and rule of sediment movement, constantly obtain new discovery and new results in research process, and advanced 3 D topographic surveying technology seems most important.
Model test is based on similarity theory, and the river is carried out entity simulation, and discloses accordingly the inherent law of river motion, and a kind of research method of scientific basis is provided for theoretical research and engineering design.Physical model is according to the actual landform data, dwindles forming according to certain guide according to similarity theory, and the depth of water usually more shallow (about tens centimeters) in addition, requires little to the disturbance of landform in the model test during measurement.
Topographical surveying technology in the model test is broadly divided into contact type measurement and non-contact measurement two classes at present, and the contact Topographical indicator mainly comprises: chaining pin, Photoelectric Rcflecting Topographic Apparatus, resistance-type Topographical indicator, tracking mode Topographical indicator etc.Because probe needs the contact bed surface when measuring, it is lower to measure efficient and precision, and current and landform are had certain interference, and the contact Topographical indicator is replaced by contactless Topographical indicator gradually.Contactless Topographical indicator mainly contains the ultrasound wave Topographical indicator, but ultrasonic probe need to place under water when measuring underwater topography, and certain measurement blind area is arranged, and can't measure when the depth of water is more shallow.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides contactless measuring system and the measuring method of shallow water landform in a kind of model test.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the contactless measuring system of shallow water landform in a kind of model test of the present invention, comprise laser ranging probe, ultrasonic ranging probe, measure dolly, stadimeter, driving motor, wire wheel, guide rail, survey bridge, the model water surface, model underwater topography and measure control and data processing equipment, described laser ranging probe and ultrasonic ranging probe side by side and be parallel to each other to be fixed on and measure on the dolly, laser ranging probe and ultrasonic ranging probe be the vertical model water surface top of being fixed in all; Described guide rail and survey bridge all are positioned on the surface level direction, the direction of surveying bridge is mutually vertical with the direction of guide rail, it is mobile at the survey bridge that described driving motor drives the measurement dolly in conjunction with wire wheel, and described survey bridge moves freely at guide rail, and stadimeter positions measuring dolly; Measure control and data processing equipment control survey dolly (3) scanning underwater topography and carry out data processing and demonstration.
As preferably, described laser ranging probe and ultrasonic ranging probe adopt the precision distance measurement sensor, and guarantee to place perpendicular to the water surface, to eliminate the impact of underwater laser refraction.
The invention also discloses a kind of measuring method based on above-mentioned measuring system, may further comprise the steps:
Open and measure control and data processing equipment, measure control and data processing equipment control survey dolly scanning survey zone: it is mobile at the survey bridge to measure dolly, surveying bridge moves freely at guide rail, stadimeter positions measuring dolly, setting edge survey bridge) direction is the x axle, along guide rail) direction is the y axle, is the z axle perpendicular to the direction of surface level, obtains x axial coordinate and the y axial coordinate of measuring dolly;
The laser ranging probe Emission Lasers penetrates air, the water two media arrives underwater topography, the ultrasonic ranging probe measurement is from popping one's head in to the distance of the model water surface, measure control and data processing equipment in conjunction with the ratio of the speed of laser in empty G﹠W, calculate laser ranging probe to the distance of underwater topography, obtain the z axial coordinate;
Measure control and data processing equipment collection 3 d measurement data and carry out analyzing and processing, measure in real time and show the image of shallow water landform.
Beneficial effect: the contactless measuring system of shallow water landform in a kind of model test of the present invention, simple in structure, be easy to build, be conducive to promote the use of; Because the depth of water is more shallow in the model test, the penetrable air of laser ranging probe Emission Lasers, the water two media arrives underwater topography, the ultrasonic ranging probe measurement is from popping one's head in to the distance of the model water surface, ratio in conjunction with the speed of laser in empty G﹠W, calculate laser probe to the distance of underwater topography, it is mobile at the survey bridge to measure control and data processing equipment control survey dolly, surveying bridge moves freely at guide rail, and position by stadimeter, gather 3 d measurement data and carry out analyzing and processing, realize that by shallow water landform in the contactless method scanning survey model test this method can be by the shallow water landform in the fast accurate measurement model test of contactless measuring method.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the contactless measuring system synoptic diagram of shallow water landform in the model test of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the dynamic display system of streak line in a kind of current of the present invention, comprise laser ranging probe 1, ultrasonic ranging probe 2, measurement dolly 3, stadimeter 4, driving motor 5, wire wheel 6, guide rail 7, survey bridge 8, the model water surface 9, model underwater topography 10 and measure control and data processing equipment 11, laser ranging probe 1 and ultrasonic ranging probe 2 side by side and parallel being fixed on measure on the dolly 3, laser ranging probe 1 and ultrasonic ranging probe 2 be the vertical model water surface 9 tops of being fixed in all; Guide rail 7 and survey bridge 8 all are positioned on the surface level direction, the direction of surveying bridge 8 is mutually vertical with the direction of guide rail 7, it is mobile at survey bridge 8 that driving motor 5 drives measurement dolly 3 in conjunction with wire wheel 6, surveys bridge 8 and move freely at guide rail 7, and 4 pairs of measurement dollies 3 of stadimeter position; Measure control and data processing equipment 11 control survey dollies, 3 scanning underwater topographies 10 and carry out data processing and demonstration.
In the present embodiment, measure control and data processing equipment 11 and comprise measurement control module, data processing module and 3-D display module, specifically comprise data line, power lead, PLC controller, computer, measurement control and data processing software.
Physical model is to dwindle the solid model that forms according to certain guide according to natural river, in the key issues such as river seashore midchannel regulation, river improvement, a kind of important research means in order to simulating riverway water flow sediment movement and river bed change situation, and adopting non-contacting measuring method, the underwater topography 10 under the measurement model water surface 9 is most important.
Adopt high-precision laser range-finding probe 1 and ultrasonic ranging probe 2 in the present embodiment, laser ranging probe 1 precision≤0.1mm wherein, the ultrasonic ranging 2 precision≤0.5mm that pops one's head in.
A kind of measuring method based on above-mentioned measuring system may further comprise the steps:
A) laser ranging probe, ultrasonic ranging probe, stadimeter, driving motor etc. are correctly linked to each other with PLC controller, computer etc.;
B) open measurement control and data processing equipment 11, measure control and data processing equipment 11 control survey dollies 3 scanning surveys zone: it is mobile at survey bridge 8 to measure dolly 3, surveying bridge 8 moves freely at guide rail 7,4 pairs of measurement dollies 3 of stadimeter position, setting along the direction of surveying bridge 8 is the x axle, being the y axle along guide rail 7 directions, is the z axle perpendicular to the direction of surface level, obtains x axial coordinate and the y axial coordinate of measuring dolly 3;
Laser ranging probe 1 Emission Lasers penetrates air, the water two media arrives underwater topography 10, ultrasonic ranging probe 2 is measured from popping one's head in to the distance of the model water surface 9, measure control and data processing equipment 11 in conjunction with the ratio of the speed of laser in empty G﹠W, calculate laser ranging probe 1 to the distance of underwater topography 10, obtain the z axial coordinate;
C) measurement control and data processing equipment 11 collection 3 d measurement datas carry out analyzing and processing, realize by shallow water landform in the contactless method scanning survey model test, mainly may further comprise the steps:
1) the measurement data H of synchronous acquisition laser ranging probe 1
lMeasurement data H with ultrasonic ranging probe 2
u, H
uBe the distance of probe from the model water surface 9;
2) calculate laser probe 1 to the actual range of underwater topography 10: H=H
u+ (H
l-H
u)/n, n are the refractive index of laser in water;
3) in conjunction with the locator data of horizontal direction, export the three-dimensional coordinate (x, y, z) of each analyzing spot, and in conjunction with Computerized three-dimensional display technique DirectX, show the image of three-dimensional shallow water landform 10.
The above only is preferred implementation of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the contactless measuring system of shallow water landform in the model test, it is characterized in that: comprise laser ranging probe (1), ultrasonic ranging probe (2), measure dolly (3), stadimeter (4), driving motor (5), wire wheel (6), guide rail (7), survey bridge (8), the model water surface (9), model underwater topography (10) and measurement control and data processing equipment (11), described laser ranging probe (1) and ultrasonic ranging probe (2) side by side and be parallel to each other to be fixed on and measure on the dolly (3), laser ranging probe (1) and ultrasonic ranging probe (2) be vertical being fixed in above the model water surface (9) all; Described guide rail (7) and survey bridge (8) all are positioned on the surface level direction, the direction of surveying bridge (8) is mutually vertical with the direction of guide rail (7), it is mobile at survey bridge (8) that described driving motor (5) drives measurement dolly (3) in conjunction with wire wheel (6), described survey bridge (8) moves freely at guide rail (7), and stadimeter (4) positions measuring dolly (3); Measure control and data processing equipment (11) control survey dolly (3) scanning underwater topography (10) and carry out data processing and demonstration.
2. the measuring method of a measuring system claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
Open and measure control and data processing equipment (11), measure control and data processing equipment (11) control survey dolly (3) scanning survey zone: it is mobile at survey bridge (8) to measure dolly (3), surveying bridge (8) moves freely at guide rail (7), stadimeter (4) positions measuring dolly (3), setting along the direction of surveying bridge (8) is the x axle, being the y axle along guide rail (7) direction, is the z axle perpendicular to the direction of surface level, obtains x axial coordinate and the y axial coordinate of measuring dolly (3);
Laser ranging probe (1) Emission Lasers penetrates air, the water two media arrives underwater topography (10), ultrasonic ranging probe (2) is measured from popping one's head in to the distance of the model water surface (9), measure control and data processing equipment (11) in conjunction with the ratio of the speed of laser in empty G﹠W, calculate laser ranging probe (1) to the distance of underwater topography (10), obtain the z axial coordinate;
Measure control and data processing equipment (11) collection 3 d measurement data and carry out analyzing and processing, measure in real time and show the image of shallow water landform (10).
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Cited By (13)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103162615A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-06-19 | 河海大学 | Indoor sediment model test micro-landform measuring device |
| CN103267513A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-08-28 | 河南省计算机应用技术研究所有限公司 | Micro-touching type muddy water underwater topography instrument |
| CN103389742A (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2013-11-13 | 国家电网公司 | Grounding simulation test positioning system and positioning method thereof |
| CN104266630A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2015-01-07 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | High-precision terrain measuring system |
| CN105044726A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-11-11 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Acoustic depth finder calibration device and method |
| CN106504634A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-03-15 | 榆林学院 | One kind is based on intelligentized water power analogue experiment installation |
| CN107478409A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-12-15 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Combined vaccum moves the real-time topographic survey method of water sediment model and its instrument |
| CN107990849A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-04 | 中国船舶科学研究中心（中国船舶重工集团公司第七0二研究所） | Carriage track straightness and depth of parallelism automatic detection device and its detection method |
| CN109799192A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-24 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of non-contact laser ultrasonic nondestructive testing and method for arbitrary surface |
| CN109974813A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-05 | 福建农林大学 | Water-depth measurement method based on dual probe |
| CN110487191A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-11-22 | 中水淮河规划设计研究有限公司 | A kind of dam sack of rubber dam elevation carrection structure and method |
| CN112461297A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-09 | 武汉大学 | Section positioning and identifying system and method for three-dimensional automatic bridge measurement of solid model |
| CN113899345A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2022-01-07 | 武汉大学 | Method and system for measuring working condition self-adaptive terrain of entity model |
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Cited By (20)
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| CN103162615A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-06-19 | 河海大学 | Indoor sediment model test micro-landform measuring device |
| CN103162615B (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2015-09-16 | 河海大学 | A kind of indoor water husky model test mima type microrelief measuring equipment |
| CN103267513A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-08-28 | 河南省计算机应用技术研究所有限公司 | Micro-touching type muddy water underwater topography instrument |
| CN103267513B (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2015-10-21 | 河南省计算机应用技术研究所有限公司 | Microcontact type muddy water underwater topography instrument |
| CN103389742A (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2013-11-13 | 国家电网公司 | Grounding simulation test positioning system and positioning method thereof |
| CN104266630A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2015-01-07 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | High-precision terrain measuring system |
| CN105044726B (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2019-01-15 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | A kind of acoustic depth sounding instrument calibrating installation and method |
| CN105044726A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-11-11 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Acoustic depth finder calibration device and method |
| CN106504634A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-03-15 | 榆林学院 | One kind is based on intelligentized water power analogue experiment installation |
| CN107478409A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-12-15 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Combined vaccum moves the real-time topographic survey method of water sediment model and its instrument |
| CN107478409B (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2019-06-28 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Combined vaccum moves the real-time topographic survey method of water sediment model and its instrument |
| CN107990849A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-04 | 中国船舶科学研究中心（中国船舶重工集团公司第七0二研究所） | Carriage track straightness and depth of parallelism automatic detection device and its detection method |
| CN109799192A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-24 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of non-contact laser ultrasonic nondestructive testing and method for arbitrary surface |
| CN109974813A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-05 | 福建农林大学 | Water-depth measurement method based on dual probe |
| CN109974813B (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-12-25 | 福建农林大学 | Water depth measuring method based on double probes |
| CN110487191A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-11-22 | 中水淮河规划设计研究有限公司 | A kind of dam sack of rubber dam elevation carrection structure and method |
| CN112461297A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-09 | 武汉大学 | Section positioning and identifying system and method for three-dimensional automatic bridge measurement of solid model |
| CN112461297B (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-08-17 | 武汉大学 | Section positioning and identifying system and method for three-dimensional automatic bridge measurement of solid model |
| CN113899345A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2022-01-07 | 武汉大学 | Method and system for measuring working condition self-adaptive terrain of entity model |
| CN113899345B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2022-06-14 | 武汉大学 | Method and system for measuring working condition self-adaptive terrain of entity model |
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