CN102953738A - Method and system for automatical antifreezing and thermal insulating of tunnel lining in high and cold areas - Google Patents
Method and system for automatical antifreezing and thermal insulating of tunnel lining in high and cold areas Download PDFInfo
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- CN102953738A CN102953738A CN2012104434956A CN201210443495A CN102953738A CN 102953738 A CN102953738 A CN 102953738A CN 2012104434956 A CN2012104434956 A CN 2012104434956A CN 201210443495 A CN201210443495 A CN 201210443495A CN 102953738 A CN102953738 A CN 102953738A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and system for the automatical antifreezing and thermal insulating of a tunnel lining in high and cold areas. The method comprises the following steps that (1) a tunnel is provided with a surrounding rock, a primary lining, a waterproof plate, a secondary lining and a thermal preservation and thermal insulation layer sequentially from the outside to the inside; (2) a plurality of heating tubes are arranged, and refrigerant is sealed in the heating tubes; (3) the heating tubes are arranged between the secondary lining and the thermal preservation and thermal insulation layer along the length direction of the tunnel, the lower parts of the two ends of the heating tubes are buried in the surrounding rock below a tunnel pavement, so that the refrigerant is uniformly distributed on the lower parts of the two ends of the heating tubes; and the refrigerant continuously transfers heat from the surrounding rock below the pavement to the surface of the secondary lining through the circulation of ascending in a spontaneous vaporized gaseous state and descending in a condensation liquid state, and furthermore, the tunnel lining can be automatically prevented from being frozen and thermally insulated. Compared with the existing antifreezing and thermal insulating technology, the method has the advantages that the operating process does not consume any energy, the spontaneous vaporizing and condensing circulation of the refrigerant is utilized only, so that the tunnel lining can be automatically prevented from being frozen and thermally insulated; and moreover, the method is flexible in design, is convenient to construct and is low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automatic freezing-protective heat preserving method and system thereof of extremely frigid zones tunnel lining, be specially adapted to the anti-freezing and heat-insulating of mountain tunnel.
Background technology
The highway of high latitude, high height above sea level cold district, railway tunnel, often since winter cold air invasion, generally occur to freeze and the freeze injury phenomenon such as lining cutting flake-off piece such as leak icing, road surface spilling water of lining cutting.Freeze injury causes the durability of tunnel lining concrete generally to reduce, and has a strong impact on normal operation and the safety in tunnel.Therefore, newly-built or existing tunnel are carried out the freeze injury prevention or punish seeming particularly important.
At present, the passive-type heater by service that extensively adopts both at home and abroad is to lay certain thickness thermal insulation separation thermosphere, the speed of carrying out interchange of heat to reduce two lining concrete and ambient air at two lining surfaces (or between two linings and splash guard).Sometimes also adopt some active heater by services at Portal Section: as utilize electric boiler or fuel boiler, directly supply with heating installation for the heating pad pipe that is embedded in behind two backings; As utilize heat pump by refrigerant constantly circulation between heating pipe and heating pad pipe, with country rock deep heat by heating pipe " carrying " to the heating pad pipe behind two backings.
The weak point that above-mentioned prior art exists is: only depend on the passive-type heater by service can't eradicate the generation of freezing damage in tunnel (especially at Portal Section) at extremely frigid zones; Adopt active heater by service then to need to consume more energy (especially directly heating mode), its operation maintenance cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention is directed to above-mentioned prior art existence makes improvements, and namely the technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of automatic freezing-protective heat-insulation system and method thereof of extremely frigid zones tunnel lining.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme one of the present invention is: a kind of automatic freezing-protective heat-insulation system of extremely frigid zones tunnel lining, described tunnel is followed successively by country rock from outside to inside, just lining, splash guard, two serve as a contrast and the thermal insulation separation thermospheres, be arranged at intervals with some heating coils along the length of tunnel direction between described two linings and the thermal insulation separation thermosphere, bottom, described heating coil two ends is imbedded in the country rock under the tunnel road surface, and described heating coil is sealed with refrigerant in the both ends.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme two of the present invention is: a kind of automatic freezing-protective heat preserving method of extremely frigid zones tunnel lining may further comprise the steps: (1) described tunnel is disposed with country rock from outside to inside, just lining, splash guard, two serve as a contrast and the thermal insulation separation thermospheres; (2) provide some heating coils, refrigerant is sealed in the heating coil; (3) heating coil is arranged at intervals between two linings and the thermal insulation separation thermosphere along the length of tunnel direction, and bottom, heating coil two ends is imbedded in the country rock under the tunnel road surface, so that refrigerant is distributed in bottom, heating coil two ends; Described refrigerant is by the circulation that spontaneous evaporation gaseous state rises and condensed liquid falls, and constantly heat country rock under the road surface is transported to two lining surfaces, and then realizes that the automatic freezing-protective of tunnel lining is incubated.
Compare with existing active anti-freezing and heat-insulating technology, the present invention has following remarkable advantage: need not to consume any energy in the operation process, circulate by refrigerant spontaneous evaporation and condensation in heating coil fully, constantly the heat with deep wall rock is transported in the lining cutting of top, to realize the automatic freezing-protective insulation of tunnel lining, its operation maintenance cost is extremely low; Simultaneously, its flexible design (can regulate into the ground degree of depth and spacing according to the local climate condition), easy construction (perform synchronously with the anti-freezing and heat-insulating layer, only must increase boring one procedure) is produced installation cost cheaper.
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional drawing of automatic freezing-protective heat-insulation system.
Fig. 2 is the lateral view of automatic freezing-protective heat-insulation system.
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing of automatic freezing-protective heat-insulation system.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of heating coil operating principle.
Among the figure: the 1-country rock, 2-just serves as a contrast, 3-splash guard, 4-two linings, 5-heating coil, 6-thermal insulation separation thermosphere, 7-liquid refrigerants, 8-gaseous coolant.
The specific embodiment
Shown in Fig. 1 ~ 3, a kind of automatic freezing-protective heat-insulation system of extremely frigid zones tunnel lining, described tunnel is followed successively by country rock 1 from outside to inside, just serve as a contrast 2, splash guard 3, two lining 4 and thermal insulation separation thermospheres 6, be arranged at intervals with some heating coils 5 along the length of tunnel direction between described two linings 4 and the thermal insulation separation thermosphere 6, the diameter of described heating coil 5, wall thickness and length can be determined by designing requirement (tunnel cross section size and local climate hydrologic condition etc.), the spacing of described heating coil 5 can be determined by designing requirement, bottom, described heating coil 5 two ends is imbedded in the country rock 1 under the tunnel road surface, and described heating coil is sealed with refrigerant in 5 both ends.Among Fig. 1: left half range is that the tunnel has the inverted arch situation, and right half range is that the tunnel is without the inverted arch situation.
As shown in Figure 4, described heating coil 5 is to seal up for safekeeping in the plastic pipe of certain-length the refrigerant of certain mass is airtight, when there is temperature difference in heating coil 5 upper and lower two parts (upper cold and lower heat), the constantly evaporation and absorb heat from rock 1 soil body on every side of the liquid refrigerants 7 of bottom, its steam rising to top meet cold after, the gaseous coolant 8 on top again condenses into liquid state and is back to the bottom, and air distribute heat towards periphery.In fact, the operating principle of described heating coil 5 is consistent with Atmospheric precipitation, by the spontaneous evaporation and condensation circulation of refrigerant, constantly heat is transported to top from the bottom.Therefore, the selection of described refrigerant is most important, should select the circulatory mediator of saturated vapor pressure high (being high volatility) and heat of vaporization high (the instant heating handling efficiency is large), should consider simultaneously cost cheap and to human body without injury, can preferentially select ethanol.
In the present embodiment, it is as follows that method is imbedded in described heating coil 5 bottoms: after 4 moulding of two linings, then first reserving hole channel country rock 1 internal bore under the road surface from two linings 4 is imbedded heating coil 5 bottoms in the hole and is recharged closely knit with cement mortar.Described heating coil 5 tops are bonded in two linings, 4 surfaces through adhesive, and described thermal insulation separation thermosphere 6 is layed in two linings, 4 surfaces through fixed support, and described fixed support thickness is complementary with heating coil 5 diameters (equate or close), so that thermal insulation separation thermosphere 6 external surfaces are comparatively smooth.Described thermal insulation separation thermosphere 6 is formed by polylith insulating board heat fused overlap joint, and the material of described insulating board and thickness all can be determined by designing requirement.
Usually, maximum is frozen the deeply area between 1.0 ~ 2.0m: described thermal insulation separation thermosphere 6 is selected the thick polyurethane foam plastics plate of 3 ~ 4cm; Described heating coil 5 is selected the PVC plastic pipe of wall thickness 2 ~ 3mm, diameter 3 ~ 4cm, and embedment length is 6 ~ 10m; Described heating coil 5 is 0.5m in the spacing of tunnel portal section, is 1.0m in the spacing of tunnel portal changeover portion, is at least 2.0m in the spacing of Tunnel figure.
Shown in Fig. 1 ~ 4, a kind of automatic freezing-protective heat preserving method of extremely frigid zones tunnel lining may further comprise the steps: (1) described tunnel is disposed with from outside to inside country rock 1, just serves as a contrast 2, splash guard 3, two lining 4 and thermal insulation separation thermospheres 6; (2) provide some heating coils 5, refrigerant is sealed in the heating coil 5; (3) heating coil 5 is arranged at intervals between two linings 4 and the thermal insulation separation thermosphere 6 along the length of tunnel direction, and bottom, heating coil 5 two ends is imbedded in the country rock 1 under the tunnel road surface, so that refrigerant is distributed in bottom, heating coil 5 two ends; Described refrigerant is by the circulation that spontaneous evaporation gaseous state rises and condensed liquid falls, and constantly heat country rock 1 under the road surface is transported to two linings, 4 surfaces, and then realizes that the automatic freezing-protective of tunnel lining is incubated.Specific implementation method is as follows.
(1) according to tunnel cross section size and local climate hydrologic condition, the diameter of design heating coil 5, wall thickness and length, and entrust factory's customized production, production and processing process is as follows: intercept one section PVC plastic pipe as heating coil 5 by design specifications, and the one end is sealed with heat fusion methods; In a certain amount of ethanol injection plastic pipe, consider the possibility of the long-term volatilization of ethanol, inject country rock 1 degree of depth is imbedded in the amount of alcohol suggestion for heating coil 5 designs half; After surplus air extracts in the pipe, with heat fusion methods the plastic pipe other end is sealed.
When (2) tunnel double-lining 4 is constructed, should leave the duct at heating coil 5 design burial place places, channel diameter is than the bigger 3 ~ 4cm of heating coil 5 intended diameter, the duct direction becomes 10 ~ 20 degree angles with the plumb line direction, the duct spacing is by designing requirement, suggestion is 0.5m at Portal Section, and the hole changeover portion is 1.0m, and the barrel section is 2.0m or larger.
After 4 moulding of (3) two linings, country rock 1 internal bore under from reserving hole channel to the road surface, hole diameter is slightly larger than heating coil 5 diameters 1 ~ 2cm, and the hole degree of depth is determined by the design length of embedment.
(4) bottom, heating coil 5 two ends is imbedded in the hole, and recharged closely knit with cement mortar; Heating coil 5 tops are bonded in two linings, 4 surfaces with adhesive (suggestion selects 966 neoprenes to prevent frozen glue) hoop.
(5) the polyurethane foam plastics plate is selected in the thermal insulation separation thermosphere 6(material suggestion of design thickness) be laid on two linings, 4 surfaces with fixed support, fixed support thickness should be complementary with heating coil 5 diameters, so that thermal insulation separation thermosphere 6 external surfaces are comparatively smooth; The overlap joint of thermal insulation separation thermosphere 6 should adopt heat fusion methods, and notes the processing of overlapping the slot.
(6) brush interfacial agents and fire resistant coating at thermal insulation separation thermosphere 6 external surfaces at last.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equalizations of doing according to the present patent application claim change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the automatic freezing-protective heat-insulation system of an extremely frigid zones tunnel lining, described tunnel is followed successively by country rock from outside to inside, just lining, splash guard, two serve as a contrast and the thermal insulation separation thermospheres, it is characterized in that: be arranged at intervals with some heating coils along the length of tunnel direction between described two linings and the thermal insulation separation thermosphere, bottom, described heating coil two ends is imbedded in the country rock under the tunnel road surface, and described heating coil is sealed with refrigerant in the both ends.
2. the automatic freezing-protective heat-insulation system of extremely frigid zones tunnel lining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described heating coil top is bonded in two lining surfaces through adhesive.
3. the automatic freezing-protective heat-insulation system of extremely frigid zones tunnel lining according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described thermal insulation separation thermosphere is layed in two lining surfaces through fixed support.
4. the automatic freezing-protective heat-insulation system of extremely frigid zones tunnel lining according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described fixed support thickness is identical with the heating coil diameter.
5. the automatic freezing-protective heat-insulation system of extremely frigid zones tunnel lining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described thermal insulation separation thermosphere is formed by polylith insulating board heat fused overlap joint.
6. the automatic freezing-protective heat preserving method of an extremely frigid zones tunnel lining is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps: (1) described tunnel is disposed with country rock from outside to inside, just lining, splash guard, two serve as a contrast and the thermal insulation separation thermospheres; (2) provide some heating coils, refrigerant is sealed in the heating coil; (3) heating coil is arranged at intervals between two linings and the thermal insulation separation thermosphere along the length of tunnel direction, and bottom, heating coil two ends is imbedded in the country rock under the tunnel road surface, so that refrigerant is distributed in bottom, heating coil two ends; Described refrigerant is by the circulation that spontaneous evaporation gaseous state rises and condensed liquid falls, and constantly heat country rock under the road surface is transported to two lining surfaces, and then realizes that the automatic freezing-protective of tunnel lining is incubated.
7. the automatic freezing-protective heat preserving method of extremely frigid zones tunnel lining according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the heating coil top in the described step (3) is bonded in two lining surfaces through adhesive.
8. it is characterized in that according to claim 6 or the automatic freezing-protective heat preserving method of 7 described extremely frigid zones tunnel linings: the thermal insulation separation thermosphere in the described step (3) is layed in two lining surfaces through fixed support.
9. the automatic freezing-protective heat preserving method of extremely frigid zones tunnel lining according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described fixed support thickness and heating coil diameter are complementary.
10. the automatic freezing-protective heat preserving method of extremely frigid zones tunnel lining according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described thermal insulation separation thermosphere is formed by polylith insulating board heat fused overlap joint.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210443495.6A CN102953738B (en) | 2012-11-08 | 2012-11-08 | Method and system for automatical antifreezing and thermal insulating of tunnel lining in high and cold areas |
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| CN201210443495.6A CN102953738B (en) | 2012-11-08 | 2012-11-08 | Method and system for automatical antifreezing and thermal insulating of tunnel lining in high and cold areas |
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| CN102953738A true CN102953738A (en) | 2013-03-06 |
| CN102953738B CN102953738B (en) | 2015-06-03 |
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| CN103835725A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-06-04 | 东南大学 | Antifreezing and insulating tunnel in cold region |
| CN105401963A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-03-16 | 安徽理工大学 | Three-dimensional heat-insulating reinforced concrete liner for mines |
| CN105863685A (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2016-08-17 | 东南大学 | Phase change temperature-adjusting plate based anti-freezing thermal-insulation structure for tunnel and construction method of phase change temperature-adjusting plate based anti-freezing thermal-insulation structure for tunnel |
| CN106089264A (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2016-11-09 | 东南大学 | Tunnel based on phase-changing and temperature-regulating concrete anti-freezing and heat-insulating structure and construction method |
| CN106089263A (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2016-11-09 | 东南大学 | Tunnel based on phase-changing and temperature-regulating gunite concrete anti-freezing and heat-insulating structure and construction method |
| CN106368722A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-02-01 | 中铁科学研究院有限公司 | Freezing prevention, thermal insulation and fire prevention integrated facility for tunnel in cold region |
| CN106437792A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-02-22 | 绍兴文理学院 | Inverted arc layer buried geothermal anti-freezing heating system of energy tunnel |
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| CN106498827A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-03-15 | 绍兴文理学院 | Energy tunnel recombination formula ground temperature energy freeze-proof heating system |
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| CN109024683A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-12-18 | 中国电建集团铁路建设有限公司 | A kind of extremely frigid zones subway station insulation construction |
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| CN105401963A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-03-16 | 安徽理工大学 | Three-dimensional heat-insulating reinforced concrete liner for mines |
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| CN106368722A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-02-01 | 中铁科学研究院有限公司 | Freezing prevention, thermal insulation and fire prevention integrated facility for tunnel in cold region |
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| CN106498827A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-03-15 | 绍兴文理学院 | Energy tunnel recombination formula ground temperature energy freeze-proof heating system |
| CN106437793A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-02-22 | 绍兴文理学院 | Energy tunnel inverted arch combined type ground temperature energy antifreezing and heating system |
| CN106437792A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-02-22 | 绍兴文理学院 | Inverted arc layer buried geothermal anti-freezing heating system of energy tunnel |
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| CN110486038A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-11-22 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of the heat self-balancing system and its construction method of tunnel in cold area freeze injury prevention and control |
| CN110486038B (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2020-12-01 | 西南交通大学 | Heat self-balancing system for preventing and controlling freezing injury of tunnel in cold region and construction method thereof |
| CN111219196A (en) * | 2020-02-23 | 2020-06-02 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Functional structure for tunnel portal |
| CN111219196B (en) * | 2020-02-23 | 2021-08-31 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Functional structure for tunnel portal |
| CN111648794A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-09-11 | 山东高速科技发展集团有限公司 | Support framework for tunnel portal section in cold region and installation method |
| CN113153378A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-23 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Open type cold-absorbing anti-melting structure of permafrost tunnel |
| CN113153378B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2024-04-19 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Openable cold absorbing and thawing preventing structure for permafrost tunnel |
| CN112983468A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-06-18 | 重庆交通大学 | Self-heat-preservation anti-freezing lining structure of traffic tunnel in seasonal frozen soil area |
| CN113374526A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-10 | 宁波大学 | Positive accumulated temperature ventilation regulating and controlling device and method for cold region tunnel drainage system |
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| CN102953738B (en) | 2015-06-03 |
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