CN102953231A - Natural fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Natural fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102953231A CN102953231A CN2011102534669A CN201110253466A CN102953231A CN 102953231 A CN102953231 A CN 102953231A CN 2011102534669 A CN2011102534669 A CN 2011102534669A CN 201110253466 A CN201110253466 A CN 201110253466A CN 102953231 A CN102953231 A CN 102953231A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, and relates to a thermoplastic composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. The thermoplastic composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40-60% of jute fiber and 40-60% of polypropylene fiber. Compared with the prior art, the composite material provided by the invention is environment-friendly and can be degraded naturally; with certain mechanical strength, the composite material can meet the requirement of the automotive trim material for strength; moreover, the composite material also has excellent processing performance and safety performance; and through the invention, the technological flow is shortened, the production efficiency is improved, and more importantly, the green and light automotive trim material is realized. Through the invention, the technological flow is simple, the composite material is easy to manufacture, and the raw materials are widely available and low in price, thereby being favorable for lowering the cost of the composite material; and moreover, a composite board has perfect toughness and does not form an acute-angle section after being broken, thereby being safe and reliable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of composite materials, relate to a kind of thermoplastic composite and its production and use.
Background technology
In recent years, along with strengthening gradually of people's environmental consciousness and being rooted in the hearts of the people of the strategy of sustainable development, so that the demand of environmental friendliness, degradable, recoverable material is more and more vigorous, Application Areas is more and more wider, and global every country is also more and more paid attention to the research of this respect.
With regard to automotive field, auto industry develops rapidly, produce and make rapid progress, vehicle is constantly updated and is regenerated, people are not only the outward appearance of beautiful design to the demand of automobile, and more pay attention to comfortableness, the globality, functional of upholstery, and to automobile environment-protection type, lightweight, fall oil consumption, fall the indices such as cost clear and definite requirement is also arranged.Existing automotive trim product adopts chemical synthetic material more, and this material resources is limited, and is non-renewable, energy resource consumption is large, easily human body is damaged in the process, discarded object is hard degradation in natural environment, has caused day by day serious pollution to natural environment.
Natural fabric is the ideal material, the particularly advantage aspect weight and cost that polymeric material is filled and strengthened as a kind of heat insulation, sound insulation and damping material of excellence, and the effect that makes it in automotive interior material is made is increasing.In natural fabric, the bast-fibre source is abundant, lightweight, easy to process, and recoverable can not cause predatory exploitation to resource, can degrade at occurring in nature behind the product abandonment, does not pollute the environment, and meets environmental protection and ecological index requirement.In addition, the reinforcing material price that bast-fibre is more general than glass fibre etc. is low, lightweight, and can improve processability and the appearance of material, therefore more and more is subject to processing and manufacturer's favor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of tossa enhancing thermoplastic composite and its production and use for the defective of prior art, this composite is lower than the composite cost that traditional material such as glass fibre, chemical fibre strengthen, and can recycle, free from environmental pollution.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of thermoplastic composite, it comprises following component and mass percent thereof:
Tossa 40%～60%,
Polypropylene fibre 40%～60%.
The mass percent of described tossa is preferably 50%.
The mass percent of described polypropylene fibre is preferably 50%.
Among the present invention, tossa is as reinforcing material, and polypropylene fibre is as matrix.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned thermoplastic composite comprises following steps:
In the present invention, first tossa and polypropylene fibre are prescinded, then according to the even laying of certain ratio, pass through again opener, carding machine, two kinds of fibers are mixed, reach the mixed effect of product requirement, then pass through lapping machine, carry out horizontal and vertical cross lapping, immerse needing machine after the compacting and carry out acupuncture, obtain mixed fibre felt, finally by crossing the hot-forming composite polypropylene board for the tossa enhancing of roll squeezer.
(1) tossa and polypropylene fibre are replaced laying;
(2) tossa in the step (1) and polypropylene fibre are carried out the shredding processing;
(3) fiber of then step (2) being processed carries out combing to be processed;
(4) fiber of step (3) being processed carries out horizontal and vertical cross lapping to be processed;
(5) fiber of step (4) being processed carries out acupuncture to be processed, and obtains mixed fibre felt;
(6) the hot-forming thermoplastic composite that obtains of mixed fibre felt that step (5) is obtained.
In the described step (1), the length of tossa is 60mm～80mm, and polypropylene fibre length is 60mm～80mm.
In the described step (1), each needs tossa and polypropylene fibre to spread 10～50 layers.
Shredding in the described step (2) is processed and is undertaken by opener, with the fiber garnetting, beat pine, two kinds of fibers is carried out 1～3 shredding process, so that fiber mixes is abundant.
Combing in the described step (3) is processed and is undertaken by carding machine, and in the fibrage after the carding machine combing, two kinds of fibers are the filament distributions.
Lapping in the described step (4) is processed and is undertaken by lapping machine, and air-flowing type is adopted in lapping.Fiber after pipeline further is uniformly dispersed, is delivered to the lapping head under the effect of air-flow (blower fan is as power source), because the lapping head is a typhon mouth, air-flow slows down at this, and blended fiber falls.When lapping was reciprocating, the lapping on the lower conveyer belt of motion of the mixed fiber layer of whereabouts became wadding, lapping to guarantee when becoming wadding fiber feed evenly.
The grammes per square metre of the product that the lapping processing obtains in the described step (4) is 1100～1200g/m
2
The relative humidity of the lapping operating environment of described step (4) is 55～65%, and humidity is excessive, and fiber is bonded together, and affects the uniformity of lapping, simultaneously the parts in the equipment is got rusty; Humidity is too small, and fiber is more crisp, easily makes fiber breakage in the acupuncture afterwards, affects the mechanical strength of finished product.
Acupuncture in the described step (5) is processed and is undertaken by needing machine, and the acupuncture mode is upper aculeus type, by moving up and down of acupuncture barb, with the part fiber along layer to penetrating, thereby blended fiber is closely linked together, make fleeces thickness reduce strength increase.
Needling density in the described step (5) is 5～20 pin/square centimeters; The number of times that described acupuncture is processed is 1～3 time, and the thickness of mixed fibre felt is 10mm～20mm.
Described step (6) is hot-forming is undertaken by roll squeezer.
The weight differential of the thermoplastic composite of preparation is 1100～1200g/m in the described step (6)
2, weight differential refers to the Mass Distribution of fiber in the mixed fibre felt, weighs with grammes per square metre (weight of every square metre of fibrofelt).
Mixed fibre felt becomes coiled material through reeling in the described step (6), deliver on the roll squeezer with heater, mixed fibre felt is heated, heating-up temperature is 160 ℃～180 ℃, be 70s～110s heat time heating time, make before the roll-in polypropylene fibre in the mixed fibre felt softening by heating, colding pressing through roll squeezer is shaped into composite board again.
A kind of above-mentioned thermoplastic composite is as the purposes of material for car interior trim parts.
Compared with prior art, the composite of the present invention preparation has environmental-protecting performance, can natural degradation; Certain mechanical strength is arranged, can satisfy automotive interior material to the requirement of intensity; In addition, this composite also has good processing characteristics and security performance; In addition, the present invention has shortened technological process, has improved production efficiency; The more important thing is the greenization and the lighting that have realized automotive interior material.This invented technology flow process is simple, be convenient to make, and raw material sources are abundant, cheap, and this is favourable to the cost that reduces composite, and in addition, composite board has good toughness, does not produce the acute angle section after the fragmentation, and is safe and reliable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the production technological process of thermoplastic composite of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail according to production technological process for the below, and it is several embodiment in the numerous embodiments of the present invention, and embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment 1:
(1) jute/PP composite material is composited by tossa and polypropylene fibre, wherein the mass percent of two kinds of fibers is: tossa 50%, polypropylene fibre 50%, tossa and polypropylene fibre are cut into the staple fiber of 60mm by cutting machine; Preparation technology's flow process of jute/PP composite material as shown in Figure 1, with the tossa that cuts and polypropylene fibre laying one by one according to the above ratio, tossa and polypropylene fibre respectively spread 20 layers, continuous feed first.
(2) then send into opener and carry out a shredding, send into next opener by automatic feeding again and carry out the secondary shredding;
(3) then pass through the carding machine combing, obtain the fluffy fiber that mixes, every fiber all is the monofilament shape and distributes;
(4) again the fiber that mixes is sent in the lapping machine, a plurality of lapping machines through horizontal and vertical are layered on blended fiber on the draw-gear of transmission, realize the cross lapping on the horizontal and vertical both direction, to guarantee during lapping that charging is even, and make the grammes per square metre of final products reach 1200g/m
2, the weight differential of each several part also will satisfy this grammes per square metre requirement of product.The relative humidity of lapping is 60%;
(5) mixed fibre felt after completing enters after through the roll-in compacting and realizes twice acupuncture in two continuous needing machines, and needling density is 10 pin/square centimeters, the fibrofelt that at last rolling obtains mixing, and thickness is 15mm;
(6) mixed fibre felt is delivered on the roll squeezer with heater, the heater of roll squeezer is arranged on the infrared microwave heater of conveyer belt upper and lower surface, by heater mixed fibre felt is heated, heating-up temperature is 180 ℃, and be 100s heat time heating time.Make the polypropylene fibre in the mixed fibre felt softening by heating, colding pressing through roll squeezer is shaped into the tossa composite board again, cuts into the size that needs by cutting machine at last.
Embodiment 2:
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: the mass percent of two kinds of fibers is: tossa 40%; Polypropylene fibre 60%, the tossa laying number of plies is 16 layers, and polypropylene fibre is 24 layers, and one or more layers tossa and one or more layers polypropylene fibre replace laying.
Embodiment 3:
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: the mass percent of two kinds of fibers is: tossa 60%; Polypropylene fibre 40%, the tossa laying number of plies is 24 layers, and polypropylene fibre is 16 layers, and one or more layers tossa and one or more layers polypropylene fibre replace laying.
Embodiment 4:
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: tossa and polypropylene fibre cut into the long fiber of 70mm by cutting machine.
Embodiment 5:
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: tossa and polypropylene fibre cut into the long fiber of 80mm by cutting machine.
Embodiment 6:
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: the grammes per square metre of control product is 1100g/m
2
Embodiment 7:
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: the number of times that shredding is processed is 3 times.
Embodiment 8:
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: the relative humidity of lapping is 55%.
Embodiment 9:
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: tossa and polypropylene fibre respectively spread 10 layers.
Embodiment 10:
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: tossa and polypropylene fibre respectively spread 50 layers.
Embodiment 11:
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: needling density is 5 pin/square centimeters.
Embodiment 12:
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: needling density is 20 pin/square centimeters.
Embodiment 13:
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: the thickness of control mixed fibre felt is 10mm.
Embodiment 14:
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: the thickness of control mixed fibre felt is 20mm.
Following table is several typical machine performances of the jute/PP composite material of embodiment 1-5 preparation.
As can be seen from the table, in an embodiment of the present invention, adopt long tossa and acrylic resin base material to prepare composite, TENSILE STRENGTH is high, good rigidly, can make the gadget of high stretching, moulding complexity; Toughness is good, bending modulus is large, and frangibility not is fit in the ceiling of moulding car runk, rack, novel floor mat and commercial vehicle, car, passenger vehicle, truck and air-conditioning passage, the car outer bottom backplate etc.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is can understand and apply the invention for ease of those skilled in the art.The person skilled in the art obviously can easily make various modifications to these embodiment, and needn't pass through performing creative labour being applied in the General Principle of this explanation among other embodiment.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to the embodiment here, those skilled in the art are according to announcement of the present invention, and not breaking away from the improvement that category of the present invention makes and revise all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a thermoplastic composite is characterized in that, this thermoplastic composite comprises following component and mass percent thereof:
Tossa 40%～60%,
Polypropylene fibre 40%～60%.
2. thermoplastic composite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mass percent of described tossa is 50%, the mass percent of described polypropylene fibre is 50%.
3. the preparation method of a claim 1 or 2 described thermoplastic composites is characterized in that: comprise following steps:
(1) tossa and polypropylene fibre are replaced laying;
(2) tossa in the step (1) and polypropylene fibre are carried out the shredding processing;
(3) fiber of then step (2) being processed carries out combing to be processed;
(4) fiber of step (3) being processed carries out horizontal and vertical cross lapping to be processed;
(5) fiber of step (4) being processed carries out acupuncture to be processed, and obtains mixed fibre felt;
(6) the hot-forming thermoplastic composite that obtains of mixed fibre felt that step (5) is obtained.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: in the described step (1), the length of tossa is 60mm～80mm;
Or described polypropylene fibre length is 60mm～80mm.
5. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: in the described step (1), tossa and polypropylene fibre respectively spread 10～50 layers;
Or the processing of the shredding in the described step (2) is undertaken by opener;
Or described shredding processing is carried out 1～3 time;
Or the processing of the combing in the described step (3) is undertaken by carding machine.
6. preparation method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the lapping in the described step (4) is processed and is undertaken by lapping machine, and air-flowing type is adopted in lapping;
Or the grammes per square metre of processing the product that obtains by the middle lapping of described step (4) is 1100～1200g/m
2
7. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the relative humidity of the lapping operating environment of described step (4) is 55～65%.
8. preparation method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the acupuncture in the described step (5) is processed and is undertaken by needing machine, and the acupuncture mode is upper aculeus type;
Or the needling density in the described step (5) is 5～20 pin/square centimeters;
Or the number of times that described acupuncture is processed is 1～3 time;
Or the thickness of described mixed fibre felt is 10mm～20mm.
9. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described step (6) is hot-forming is undertaken by roll squeezer;
Or the weight differential of the thermoplastic composite of preparation is 1100～1200g/m in the described step (6)
2
Or mixed fibre felt becomes coiled material through reeling in the described step (6), deliver on the roll squeezer with heater, mixed fibre felt is heated, heating-up temperature is 160 ℃～180 ℃, be 70s～110s heat time heating time, and colding pressing through roll squeezer is shaped into composite again.
10. the thermoplastic composite described in the claims 1 or 2 is as the purposes of material for car interior trim parts.
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| CN201110253466.9A CN102953231B (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2011-08-30 | A kind of natural fabric strengthens thermoplastic composite and its production and use |
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| CN201110253466.9A CN102953231B (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2011-08-30 | A kind of natural fabric strengthens thermoplastic composite and its production and use |
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| CN102953231B CN102953231B (en) | 2016-01-06 |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103409938A (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2013-11-27 | 江南大学 | Preparation method of shredded ginger fiber/ginger slag/polypropylene lightweight composite material |
| CN103738043A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-04-23 | 合肥杰迈特汽车新材料有限公司 | Thermoplastic bamboo-fiber composite sheet material processing method |
| CN103774344A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-05-07 | 长春博超汽车零部件股份有限公司 | Fibrilia composite material with low VOC nanometers and preparation method thereof |
| CN103786350A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-05-14 | 长春博超汽车零部件股份有限公司 | Preparation method of low-VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds) jute fibrilia through combination of mechanical mode, nanometer mode and chemical mode |
| CN104761810A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2015-07-08 | 长春博超汽车零部件股份有限公司 | Low VOC hemp fiber composite material preparation method |
| CN105500826A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-04-20 | 吉林大学 | Completely-biodegradable conductive fiber composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN106012298A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-10-12 | 薛常刚 | Preparation method of automotive noise lowering interior trim material |
| CN106400306A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-02-15 | 中航复材（北京）科技有限公司 | Green ventilated felt for forming composite material and preparation method of green ventilated felt |
| CN107415351A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-12-01 | 长春博超汽车零部件股份有限公司 | A kind of fiber-reinforced polymer felt material and its composite board and preparation method with polypropylene woven object plane layer |
| CN107825812A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-03-23 | 苏明义 | A kind of environment friendly light quantifies the preparation method of composite plate |
| CN109056187A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-12-21 | 西安工程大学 | Utilize the method for waste and old denim and polypropylene fibre preparation cowboy's fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material |
| CN109880233A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-06-14 | 苏州宏裕千智能设备科技有限公司 | A kind of automobile-used PP composite material and preparation method thereof suitable for low pressure injection formaing |
| CN110936641A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-03-31 | 易霖环保(北京)有限公司 | Preparation method of waste spinning regenerated packaging composite material |
| CN111118737A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-08 | 上海普利特复合材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of low-odor, high-strength and high-modulus hemp felt reinforced polypropylene material for automotive interiors |
| CN112692953A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-23 | 福州联泓交通器材有限公司 | Plant fiber sun shield and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN115339169A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-15 | 吉林省华纺静电材料科技有限公司 | Coco-hemp mixed fiber composite material for automobile interior material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103409938A (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2013-11-27 | 江南大学 | Preparation method of shredded ginger fiber/ginger slag/polypropylene lightweight composite material |
| CN103738043A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-04-23 | 合肥杰迈特汽车新材料有限公司 | Thermoplastic bamboo-fiber composite sheet material processing method |
| CN104761810B (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2018-10-26 | 长春博超汽车零部件股份有限公司 | A kind of flaxen fiber composite material and preparation method thereof of low VOC |
| CN104761810A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2015-07-08 | 长春博超汽车零部件股份有限公司 | Low VOC hemp fiber composite material preparation method |
| CN103786350A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-05-14 | 长春博超汽车零部件股份有限公司 | Preparation method of low-VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds) jute fibrilia through combination of mechanical mode, nanometer mode and chemical mode |
| CN103774344A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-05-07 | 长春博超汽车零部件股份有限公司 | Fibrilia composite material with low VOC nanometers and preparation method thereof |
| CN105500826B (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2018-05-04 | 吉林大学 | A kind of conductive fiber composite material of Wholly-degradable and preparation method thereof |
| CN105500826A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-04-20 | 吉林大学 | Completely-biodegradable conductive fiber composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN106012298A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-10-12 | 薛常刚 | Preparation method of automotive noise lowering interior trim material |
| CN106012298B (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2018-06-19 | 威海聚力轿车内饰股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of automobile noise reduction interior material |
| CN106400306A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-02-15 | 中航复材（北京）科技有限公司 | Green ventilated felt for forming composite material and preparation method of green ventilated felt |
| CN107415351A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-12-01 | 长春博超汽车零部件股份有限公司 | A kind of fiber-reinforced polymer felt material and its composite board and preparation method with polypropylene woven object plane layer |
| CN107825812A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-03-23 | 苏明义 | A kind of environment friendly light quantifies the preparation method of composite plate |
| CN109056187A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-12-21 | 西安工程大学 | Utilize the method for waste and old denim and polypropylene fibre preparation cowboy's fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material |
| CN110936641A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-03-31 | 易霖环保(北京)有限公司 | Preparation method of waste spinning regenerated packaging composite material |
| CN109880233A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-06-14 | 苏州宏裕千智能设备科技有限公司 | A kind of automobile-used PP composite material and preparation method thereof suitable for low pressure injection formaing |
| CN111118737A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-08 | 上海普利特复合材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of low-odor, high-strength and high-modulus hemp felt reinforced polypropylene material for automotive interiors |
| CN112692953A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-23 | 福州联泓交通器材有限公司 | Plant fiber sun shield and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN115339169A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-15 | 吉林省华纺静电材料科技有限公司 | Coco-hemp mixed fiber composite material for automobile interior material and preparation method thereof |
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