CN111118737A - Preparation method of low-odor, high-strength and high-modulus hemp felt reinforced polypropylene material for automotive interiors - Google Patents
Preparation method of low-odor, high-strength and high-modulus hemp felt reinforced polypropylene material for automotive interiors Download PDFInfo
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- CN111118737A CN111118737A CN201911420093.2A CN201911420093A CN111118737A CN 111118737 A CN111118737 A CN 111118737A CN 201911420093 A CN201911420093 A CN 201911420093A CN 111118737 A CN111118737 A CN 111118737A
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- felt
- fiber
- polypropylene
- hemp
- mixed fiber
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/425—Cellulose series
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
- D04H1/4291—Olefin series
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B15/00—Removing liquids, gases or vapours from textile materials in association with treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C15/00—Calendering, pressing, ironing, glossing or glazing textile fabrics
- D06C15/10—Calendering, pressing, ironing, glossing or glazing textile fabrics between flat plates of a press
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C3/00—Stretching, tentering or spreading textile fabrics; Producing elasticity in textile fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/04—Linen
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/06—Jute
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/08—Ramie
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
- D10B2321/022—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polypropylene
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-strength and high-modulus hemp felt reinforced polypropylene material, which comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: 20-80 parts of fibrilia; 20-80 parts of polypropylene fiber. The preparation method comprises the following specific steps: proportioning the fibrilia and the polypropylene fiber by the mass percent of 20-80%, and preparing a mixed fiber felt by cotton grabbing, opening, mixing, carding and needling processes; circularly and repeatedly stretching the mixed fiber felt with the water content of 20-80%; and (3) superposing and drying the mixed fiber felts according to the gram weight requirement of the material, and performing a hot pressing process on a flat vulcanizing machine to obtain the composite material. The method directly performs the cyclic reciprocating stretching treatment on the wet hemp/polypropylene mixed fiber felt, improves the strength and the modulus of the material by improving the orientation degree of the amorphous region of the hemp fiber, and has the advantages of strong operability and high treatment efficiency compared with a single hemp fiber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite material modification, in particular to a low-odor, high-modulus and high-strength hemp felt reinforced polypropylene material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The main trend of current automobile development is green environmental protection. Since the 90 s of the 20 th century, fibrilia-reinforced composites have become a global research and development hotspot. Fibrilia board is generally referred to as a fiber mat made by mixing, carding and lapping fibrilia and thermoplastic fibers, and finally hot pressing the fiber mat into a flat board. The material not only reduces the dependence on petroleum resources and relieves the greenhouse effect generated by the release of a large amount of carbon dioxide, but also has the advantages of low density, high modulus, easy molding and sound and heat insulation, and is widely applied to automotive interior parts, including lining parts, sign boards, seat backs, goods shelves and sound boards. These products, however, have only been used as lining materials and not as load-bearing members. Regarding the optimization of mechanical properties of the hemp felt reinforced polypropylene material, the hemp fibers are generally treated by an alkali treatment chemical method, but the odor emitted by residual solvent can cause harm to the health of consumers in the use process of the final product. This is another reason why the hemp felt reinforced polypropylene material has limited application in automotive upholstery
Therefore, the mechanical property of the composite material is improved by improving the strength and modulus of the hemp/polypropylene fiber felt by adopting a non-chemical treatment method, the application field of automotive upholsteries is expanded, such as door panels and instrument panel bodies, the traditional modified polypropylene material is replaced, and the requirements of recoverability and light weight of automobile parts are met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a high-strength and high-modulus hemp felt reinforced polypropylene material, which is prepared by performing cyclic reciprocating stretching treatment on a wet hemp fiber felt and then adopting a hot pressing process. The treatment is efficient, energy-saving and environment-friendly, and the strength and the modulus of the hemp felt reinforced polypropylene material are greatly improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a high-strength and high-modulus hemp felt reinforced polypropylene material comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preparing a hemp/polypropylene mixed fiber felt: proportioning fibrilia and polypropylene fiber according to a certain mass percentage, and preparing a mixed fiber felt through cotton grabbing, opening, mixing, carding and needling processes;
(2) treating a hemp/polypropylene mixed fiber felt: and soaking the mixed fiber felt in the water solution at room temperature. After soaking for 30-60min, fixing the mixed fiber felt on a fabric stretcher after the water content of the mixed fiber felt reaches saturation, fixing one end of the mixed fiber felt on the fabric stretcher, applying a cyclic reciprocating stretching load to the other end of the mixed fiber felt, wherein the stretching speed is 30-50mm/min, the stretching force is 40-80% of the breaking strength of the mixed fiber felt, and the stretching frequency is 5-30 times;
(3) preparing a hemp/polypropylene mixed fiber felt composite material: according to the gram weight requirement of the material, the mixed fiber felt is overlapped and placed in a vacuumizing oven for drying for 8-16h, and the drying temperature is 80-110 ℃. And (3) carrying out hot pressing process on the dried mixed fiber felt on a flat vulcanizing machine, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 180-200 ℃, and the hot pressing time is 2-5min, so as to prepare the composite material.
The weight ratio of the fibrilia to the polypropylene fiber is as follows: 20-80 parts of: 20-80 parts.
The fibrilia is at least one of ramie fiber, jute fiber, kenaf fiber, flax fiber and sisal fiber, and the fiber length is less than or equal to 200 mm.
The polypropylene fiber is one or more of homopolymerized polypropylene or copolymerized polypropylene, and the fiber length is less than or equal to 200 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:
the method has the advantages of strong operability and high treatment efficiency compared with single fibrilia because the cyclic reciprocating stretching treatment of the fiber can cause a plurality of weaving difficulties in subsequent working procedures, and simultaneously the treatment effect can be weakened along with the disappearance of internal stress. Compared with a chemical treatment method, the cyclic reciprocating stretching treatment is low-carbon and environment-friendly, and the odor and the diffusion characteristic of the material in the field of automotive upholstery are not influenced.
Detailed Description
The invention aims to provide a high-strength and high-modulus hemp felt reinforced polypropylene material for automotive interiors and a preparation method thereof. The following are examples and comparative examples by which the technical solution of the present invention can be further understood. The invention is not to be so limited, and all equivalent and equivalent modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
The raw materials used for examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-2 were as follows:
fibrilia: the length is 100mm
Polypropylene fiber: the length is 100mm
Examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1
The jute fiber and the polypropylene fiber are proportioned according to the weight percentage of 50 percent, and the mixed fiber felt is prepared by the processes of cotton grabbing, opening, mixing, carding and needling. The mixed fiber felt with the water content of 50% is subjected to cyclic reciprocating stretching treatment in a treatment mode shown in Table 1, and the stretching speed is 30 mm/min. And finally, placing the 3 layers of mixed fiber felts in a vacuumizing oven for drying for 12 hours at the drying temperature of 80 ℃. And (3) carrying out hot pressing process on the dried mixed fiber felt on a flat vulcanizing machine, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 180 ℃, and the hot pressing time is 2min, so as to obtain the composite material.
TABLE 1 different treatment regimes for the mixed fiber mats and their effect on the performance and odor of jute mat reinforced polypropylene materials
Note that tensile strength and modulus were measured according to ASTM D638, flexural strength modulus according to ASTM D790, and odor according to PV 3900.
Examples 4 to 6 and comparative examples 2 to 3
The ramie fibers and the polypropylene fibers are mixed according to the weight percentage of 50 percent, and the mixed fiber felt is prepared by cotton grabbing, opening, mixing, carding and needling. And (3) carrying out cyclic reciprocating stretching treatment on the mixed fiber felt with different water contents in a treatment mode shown in the table 2, wherein the tensile strength is 60% of the breaking elongation strength of the mixed fiber felt, the number of times of cyclic reciprocating stretching is 30, and the stretching speed is 30 mm/min. And finally, placing the 5 layers of mixed fiber felts in a vacuumizing oven for drying for 12 hours at the drying temperature of 80 ℃. And (3) carrying out hot pressing process on the dried mixed fiber felt on a flat vulcanizing machine, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 180 ℃, and the hot pressing time is 2min, so as to obtain the composite material.
TABLE 2 different moisture contents of the mixed fiber mats and their effect on the properties and odor of the ramie mats on polypropylene materials
Note that tensile strength and modulus were measured according to ASTM D638, flexural strength modulus according to ASTM D790, and odor according to PV 3900.
According to the test results in tables 1 and 2, the wet hemp/polypropylene mixed fiber felt is subjected to the cyclic reciprocating stretching treatment, so that the tensile strength and modulus as well as the bending strength and modulus of the hemp fiber felt reinforced polypropylene material are greatly improved. Meanwhile, the mixed fiber felt is soaked in the aqueous solution for a long time and then dried, so that part of the residual solvent in the pretreatment of the fibrilia can be removed, and the smell of the composite material is improved from 4.0 level to 3.8 level. Besides, different water contents of the mixed fiber felt have certain influence on the mechanical property and the smell of the material. The water content of the material is too low, fibrilia cannot be infiltrated, and the cyclic reciprocating stretching treatment is poor; the water content is too high, so that the polypropylene fiber slips and is not beneficial to cyclic reciprocating stretching treatment; the higher the water content of the material is, the better the smell is, and the solvent can be removed conveniently.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of a high-strength and high-modulus hemp felt reinforced polypropylene material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preparing a hemp/polypropylene mixed fiber felt: proportioning fibrilia and polypropylene fiber according to a certain mass percentage, and preparing a mixed fiber felt through cotton grabbing, opening, mixing, carding and needling processes;
(2) treating a hemp/polypropylene mixed fiber felt: and soaking the mixed fiber felt in the water solution at room temperature. After soaking for 30-60min, fixing the mixed fiber felt on a fabric stretcher after the water content of the mixed fiber felt reaches saturation, fixing one end of the mixed fiber felt on the fabric stretcher, applying a cyclic reciprocating stretching load to the other end of the mixed fiber felt, wherein the stretching speed is 30-50mm/min, the stretching force is 40-80% of the breaking strength of the mixed fiber felt, and the stretching frequency is 5-30 times;
(3) preparing a hemp/polypropylene mixed fiber felt composite material: according to the gram weight requirement of the material, the mixed fiber felt is overlapped and placed in a vacuumizing oven for drying for 8-16h, and the drying temperature is 80-110 ℃. And (3) carrying out hot pressing process on the dried mixed fiber felt on a flat vulcanizing machine, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 180-200 ℃, and the hot pressing time is 2-5min, so as to prepare the composite material.
2. The method for preparing a high strength, high modulus, hemp felt reinforced polypropylene material of claim 1, wherein: the weight ratio of the fibrilia to the polypropylene fiber is as follows: 20-80 parts of: 20-80 parts.
3. The method for preparing a high strength, high modulus, hemp felt reinforced polypropylene material of claim 1, wherein: the fibrilia is at least one of ramie fiber, jute fiber, kenaf fiber, flax fiber and sisal fiber, and the fiber length is less than or equal to 200 mm.
4. The method for preparing a high strength, high modulus, hemp felt reinforced polypropylene material of claim 1, wherein: the polypropylene fiber is one or more of homopolymerized polypropylene or copolymerized polypropylene, and the fiber length is less than or equal to 200 mm.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN115821483A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2023-03-21 | 江阴市华思诚无纺布有限公司 | Non-woven fabric interior material for automobile and preparation method thereof |
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CN115821483A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2023-03-21 | 江阴市华思诚无纺布有限公司 | Non-woven fabric interior material for automobile and preparation method thereof |
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