CN102937644B - Compound vacuum negative pressure soft foundation solidification technology indoor simulation analysis meter - Google Patents
Compound vacuum negative pressure soft foundation solidification technology indoor simulation analysis meter Download PDFInfo
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- CN102937644B CN102937644B CN201210479012.8A CN201210479012A CN102937644B CN 102937644 B CN102937644 B CN 102937644B CN 201210479012 A CN201210479012 A CN 201210479012A CN 102937644 B CN102937644 B CN 102937644B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compound vacuum negative pressure soft foundation solidification technology indoor simulation analysis meter. A counterforce plate can be placed and fixed on a stand column at the upper part of a model slot; a compression airbag and a bearing plate are arranged below the counterforce plate in sequence; a pore pressure sensor, an electric potential sensor and a compressible drainage electrode can be inserted in a soil sample according to a predesigned arrangement manner; wires at ends of the pore pressure sensor, the electric potential sensor and the compressible drainage electrode are respectively connected with a pore pressure data acquisition instrument, an electric potential acquisition instrument and an electric osmosis automatic controller through wire conduits; the end of the compressible drainage electrode in a sand cushion clings to a horizontal drainage pipe; and the horizontal drainage pipe is connected with a water-gas separation bottle through a rubber hose. According to the compound vacuum negative pressure soft foundation solidification technology indoor simulation analysis meter, the amplitude of the vacuum degree in the soil mass can be regulated and controlled and an electric osmosis electrode can be arranged according to the design requirement; and by combining the automatic intermittent electrification and electrode conversion technology, the distribution form of the seepage field, the stress field and the electric field of the soil mass in the engineering practice are comprehensively demonstrated, and quantified indoor simulation and analysis with electric osmosis, vacuum and preloading combined compound negative pressure solidification technology effect can be carried out on the soil mass.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of test unit, especially relate to a kind of compound negative pressure of vacuum reinforcing soft foundation technology lab simulation analyser.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of China's economy, the demand in particularly soil, developed area, coastland continues to increase, the disparities between supply and demand of land resource are outstanding day by day, artificial filled foundation and land reclamation technology are address this problem to provide a kind of new thinking and approach, and are being applied rapidly over nearly two, 30 years.At present, the many areas of China coast are all being planned or are being implemented Scale Sea Reclamation Project, to drive the develop rapidly of local economy.
But due to the special engineering character of barged-in fill, its basement process often becomes the difficult point in production and construction.Barged-in fill mostly is muck soil, has the advantages that compressibility is high, infiltration coefficient is little, Bound moisture content is high.The excess pore water pressure that preloading produces is difficult to dissipate, and consolidation effect is slow, and respectively may cause the soil body before completing consolidation, namely produce destruction to the loading stress combination do not waited; Vacuum preloading can only get rid of the free water in foundation soil, and vacuum transmission efficiency is low; Electric osmose rule effectively can get rid of Bound moisture, accelerates the dissipation of excess pore water pressure, and not by the impact that infiltration coefficient is little.
Analyze in conjunction with above, a kind of compound negative pressure of vacuum reinforcing flexible foundation new technology is suggested and should uses in engineering, achieves good consolidation effect.It combines large for vacuum preloading, piling prepressing and electric osmose three technology, and efficiently solve that conventional drainage concretion method vacuum transmission efficiency is low, discharging consolidation is slow, cause power consumption large-engineering high cost problem with simple electro-osmosis method ate electrode generation gas and crack, there is broad mass market prospect and social benefit.
But relatively less to the theoretical research of compound negative pressure of vacuum concretion method at present, its design theory and engineering practice are also in the starting stage at present, exist a lot of not enough, the experience of its design and construction parameter many dependence designer is determined.
Before making the present invention, Chinese patent ZL200810163315.2, CN201110273567.2 and CN201210006833.X successively disclose for the electric osmose combination loading consolidometer of analysis of experiments in all kinds of reinforcing soft foundation studio, consolidation by electroosmosis process weak soil model and vacuum combined electroosmosis solidification device, but they have, and following some is not enough:
(1) loading system of electric osmose combination loading consolidometer cannot ensure that lever system vertically applies pressure to loading cap, the easy discontinuity of such soil body; And counterweight or lifting jack loading form also exist same problem in consolidation by electroosmosis process weak soil model, and its pressure plare is positioned at inside electrode, and fail to cover whole soil body, the soil body is unbalance stress also; The vacuum preloading unwatering system of vacuum combined electroosmosis solidification device only can simulate drainpipe coaxially arranged time seepage field, these are different from the boundary condition of seepage flow in Practical Project, and design is single drainpipe, if drain parts osculum what blocks up, test findings will be subject to remarkable interference.
(2) what the electric osmose system in electric osmose combination loading consolidometer and vacuum combined electroosmosis solidification device adopted is the form that middle cathode tube adds periphery anode, the Electric Field Distribution form in the arrangement mode that this does not meet engineering virtual electrode negative electrode, anode is alternately arranged and the corresponding soil body.In addition, the effective electrode that is proved to be do not added in test simulation process in electric osmose is changed and intermittently power-on technology, can not show that this two large technological innovation is on the impact of consolidation effect; Only can the fixing two row's electrodes of position in consolidation by electroosmosis process weak soil model, not by the contrast test between Different electrodes spacing, carry out the preferred of testing program, and can not the changeable engineering practice of Simulation of Complex.
(3) in addition, electric osmose combination loading consolidometer and vacuum combined electroosmosis solidification device are all the combinations of two kinds of methods, its test structure can not apply the third disposal route to the soil body, though consolidation by electroosmosis process weak soil model can carry out the Combined Trials of three kinds of methods, it is Shortcomings in loading system, vacuum prepressing system, electric osmose system.Therefore above patent all can not simulate the actual conditions of compound negative pressure of vacuum concretion technology reinforcing soft ground really comprehensively, more difficult is the practical engineering application service of the method.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of compound negative pressure of vacuum reinforcing soft foundation technology lab simulation analyser, the effect of compound negative pressure of vacuum concretion technology, influence factor and mechanism can be carried out to the soil body and carry out indoor quantitative simulation analysis, also can carry out triplicity in vacuum method, water covering prepressing method, electro-osmosis method, between two associating or the experimental study of independent role.In addition, the conversion of automatic electrode and intermittently power-on can be realized, the arrangement mode of real simulation drainpipe and electrode, uniform pressure is applied to the soil body, the distribution form of seepage field, stress field and electric field in comprehensive demonstration engineering reality, Real-Time Monitoring is carried out, to instruct compound negative pressure of vacuum concretion technology applying in Practical Project to situations such as real electromotive force, electric current, hole pressure, surface settlement, soil layer resistance variations.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of compound negative pressure of vacuum reinforcing soft foundation technology lab simulation analyser, it is characterized in that four, square model groove top corner point arranges four columns, column is placed and fixes reaction plate, pressurised airbag is placed with successively below reaction plate, bearing plate and vacuum diaphragm, to apply simulating load to the soil body, by the arrangement mode patchhole pressure sensor designed in advance in soil sample in model groove, electric potential sensor and compressible draining electrode, sensor for pore water pressure, the end leads of electric potential sensor and compressible draining electrode is by conduit connecting hole pressure data collecting instrument respectively, electromotive force data collecting instrument and electric osmose self-actuated controller, compressible draining electrode tip in sand bedding course and horizontal drain pipe are close to, horizontal drain pipe is connected with aqueous vapor separating bottle by rubber hose.
Described column diameter is slightly larger than the reserved aperture of reaction plate, and screw thread is carved with in its end, is fixed by reaction plate by nut; The position of reaction plate preformed hole and four columns is consistent.
Described pressurised airbag be dimensioned slightly smaller than bearing plate, and to be connected with inflating pump by rubber tube; Rubber tube is furnished with tensimeter and air-stopping valve successively.
Described plate size is consistent with model groove inside dimension; The Ge Kaiyi hole, center, two ends of bearing plate, so that rubber hose and conduit are deep in the sand bedding course of bearing plate;
Have removably outer bolster near described bearing plate opening, outer bolster is made up of vertical brace and leveling board;
The leveling board of described outer bolster is placed with dial gauge, and it is fixed by dial gauge fixed support.
Described square model groove, reaction plate and bearing plate are made by armourplate glass.Pressurised airbag is made up of the high-strength rubber that can bear very large pressure.
Described hole pressure data collecting instrument is connected with computer by wire with electromotive force data collecting instrument; Electric osmose self-actuated controller is connected with direct supply by wire, applying electronic power technology and singlechip technology, and it can according to the parameter that presets, and the intermittently power-on of automatic completing circuit and electrode are changed, and the size of electric current and voltage in energy monitoring circuit.
Described compressible draining electrodes is made up of non-corrosive material, and the whole body is evenly distributed with osculum, and outside it and top parcel filter cloth, top linking springs wire, can bear the effect of electrode and vertical drainage passage simultaneously.
Bound by filter cloth above described spring wires, only leave the hole stretched out for wire.
With scale on described aqueous vapor separating bottle, its top is communicated with vacuum pump with vacuum meter; An electric contact vacuum meter is had between aqueous vapor separating bottle and vacuum pump.
Described horizontal drain pipe adopts PPR flexible corrugation chimney filter, and ripple chimney filter whole body spirality is made aperture and wraps up with filter cloth;
Described conduit end and rubber tube pass bearing plate place sealant sealing.
According to above technical scheme, the beneficial effect that the present invention can realize is:
(1) lab simulation of compound negative pressure of vacuum concretion technology can be carried out various soil mass, also can carry out associating or the experimental study of independent role between two in vacuum method, water covering prepressing method, electro-osmosis method.
(2) electroosmosis electrode adopts novel compressible draining electrode, has electric osmose and draining function concurrently, and can compress together along with soil layer, effectively eliminates electrode drag effect in soil body compression concretion; Electric osmose self-actuated controller, according to the test parameters preset, automatically the intermittently power-on of realizing circuit and electrode can transform, and pass through the preferred construction parameter of Experimental Comparison.
(3) electroosmosis electrode can be plugged according to the arrangement mode preset (as rectangle, quincunx etc.), can the distribution form of the residing true seepage field of the soil body and electric field in model engineering reality well.In addition can first put into test soil sample during test, then insert compressible draining electrode, the construction process of this and Practical Project process is consistent.
(4) by the gasbag pressurizes of design, very large preloading pressure can be applied to the soil body easily, and earth stress is even; The vacuum tightness of vacuum-pumping system can be adjusted by electric contact vacuum meter easily, carry out the real vacuum situation compressing the stabilization zone soil body in accurate simulation Practical Project.
(5) comprehensive monitored over time can be carried out to the hole pressure, electromotive force, surface settlement etc. of electric current, voltage and soil body different depth in circuit, in conjunction with the test of soil moisture content and bearing capacity, can the consolidation effect of effective evaluation foundation soil.And provide foundation for the impact of the corresponding field of force of the parameters in further development test, seepage field and electric field.
In sum, compound negative pressure of vacuum reinforcing soft foundation studio of the present invention inner model analyser, in the controllable soil body vacuum tightness amplitude and by designing requirement arrangement electroosmosis electrode, simultaneously in conjunction with automatic intermittent energising and electrode transformation technology, the comprehensively distribution form of seepage through soil mass field in demonstration engineering reality, stress field and electric field.This analyser structure is simple, and easy to operate, durable practicality, effectively can instruct compound negative pressure of vacuum concretion technology applying in Practical Project.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is low-pressure drainage system structural drawing of the present invention.
In figure: 1, compressible draining electrode; 2, cloth is considered; 3, soil sample; 4, model groove; 5, electric potential sensor; 6, sensor for pore water pressure; 7, spring wires; 8, sand bedding course; 9, horizontal drain pipe; 10, conduit; 11, vacuum diaphragm; 12, inflating pump; 13, rubber tube; 14, air-stopping valve; 15, tensimeter; 16, fluid sealant; 17, column; 18, hold-down nut; 19, reaction plate; 20, pressurised airbag; 21, bearing plate; 22, hole pressure data collecting instrument; 23, electromotive force data collecting instrument; 24, computer; 25, wire; 26, electric osmose self-actuated controller; 27, direct supply; 28, vacuum pump; 29, aqueous vapor separating bottle; 30, electric contact vacuum meter; 31, vacuum meter; 32, outer bolster; 33, dial gauge; 34, dial gauge fixed mount.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, compound negative pressure of vacuum reinforcing flexible foundation indoor model analyser of the present invention, comprise square model groove 4, four, model groove 4 top corner point arranges four columns 17.The diameter of column 17 is slightly larger than the reserved aperture of reaction plate 19, and screw thread is carved with in its end, is fixed on column 17 by reaction plate 19 by nut 18.The position of reaction plate 19 preformed hole and four columns 17 is consistent, and is placed with pressurised airbag 20, bearing plate 21 and vacuum diaphragm 11 below it successively.Be furnished with tensimeter 15 and air-stopping valve 14 between pressurised airbag 20 and inflating pump 21 successively, effectively can control the size of load application.Bearing plate 21 size is consistent with model groove 4 inside dimension, its Ge Kaiyi hole, center, two ends, so that rubber hose 13 and conduit 10 are deep in the sand bedding course 8 under bearing plate 21.By the outer bolster 32 be removably made up of vertical brace and leveling board near bearing plate 21 opening, the contact of the dial gauge 33 fixed by fixed support 34 withstands on leveling board, to measure the sedimentation of process of the test mesexine.
By the arrangement mode patchhole pressure sensor 6 designed in advance, electric potential sensor 5 and compressible draining electrode 1 in soil sample 3 in model groove 4.The end leads 25 of sensor for pore water pressure 6, electric potential sensor 5 and compressible draining electrode 1 is by conduit 10 connecting hole pressure data collecting instrument 22, electromotive force data collecting instrument 23 and electric osmose self-actuated controller 26 respectively, and conduit 10 end fluid sealant 16 seals to prevent vacuum system from leaking gas.Hole pressure data collecting instrument 22 is connected with computer 24 by wire 25 with electromotive force data collecting instrument 23.Electric osmose self-actuated controller 26 is connected with direct supply 27 by wire 25, and it can according to the parameter preset, and the intermittently power-on of automatic completing circuit and electrode are changed, and the size of electric current and voltage in energy monitoring circuit.
With reference to Fig. 1 and 2, compressible draining electrode 1 end in sand bedding course 8 and horizontal drain pipe 9 are close to.Outside compressible draining electrode 1 and top parcel filter cloth 2, top linking springs wire 7, spring wires 7 is bound by filter cloth 2 above, only leaves the hole stretched out for wire 25.Horizontal drain pipe 9 is connected with aqueous vapor separating bottle 29 by rubber tube 13.Rubber tube 13 passes bearing plate place fluid sealant 16 and seals, and with scale on aqueous vapor separating bottle 29, its top is communicated with vacuum pump 28 with vacuum meter 31; Between aqueous vapor separating bottle 29 and vacuum pump 28, there is electric contact vacuum meter 30, the size of the vacuum tightness of vacuum system can be controlled.
Specific operation process is as follows:
(1) correlation test parameter is first designed before test, as: arrangement form and spacing, the load application of the time interval that vacuum tightness, voltage, electric current, intermittently power-on and motor transform, compressible draining electrode 1 are converted into the pressure of air bag 20 and the water percentage of soil sample 3 etc.
(2) according to test design, the soil sample 3 that allotment needs also puts into model groove 4, puts into the half of required sand 8, leveling.Then according to the arrangement mode designed in advance, compressible draining electrode 1 is inserted in the soil body 3, and imbed sensor for pore water pressure 6 and electric potential sensor 5.
(3) end leads 25 of compressible draining electrode 1, sensor for pore water pressure 6, electric potential sensor 5 is passed conduit 10.Horizontal drain pipe 9 is placed on and often arranges directly over compressible draining electrode 1, be adjacent to.
(4) remaining sand 8 is put into, leveling.Sand bedding course 8 spreads vacuum diaphragm 11 and bearing plate 21 successively.Note rubber tube 13 and conduit 10 to pass from the preformed hole of bearing plate 21, and rubber tube 13 and conduit 10 are passed bearing plate 21 place fluid sealant 16 seal.
(5) on bearing plate 21, place pressurised airbag 20, make pressurised airbag 20 placed in the middle as far as possible.Bonding pressure table 15 and air-stopping valve 14 successively between pressurised airbag 20 and inflating pump 12.Reaction plate 19 is placed on the column 17 of model groove 4, and fixes with nut 18.
(6) wire 25 that compressible draining electrode 1 is derived is connected with direct supply 27 through electric osmose self-actuated controller 26; The wire 25 that sensor for pore water pressure 6, electric potential sensor 5 derive is connected with computer 24 with electromotive force data collecting instrument 23 through hole pressure data collecting instrument 22 respectively.
(7) be connected with the rubber tube 13 stretching out bearing plate 21 by aqueous vapor separating bottle 29, its top is communicated with vacuum pump 28 with vacuum meter 31, and is connected electric contact vacuum meter 30 between aqueous vapor separating bottle 29 with vacuum pump 28.
(8) install outer bolster 32, the contact of dial gauge 33 is withstood on the leveling board of outer bolster 32, and fix dial gauge 33 with fixed mount 34.
(9) set the vacuum values of electric contact vacuum meter 30 and the correlation test parameter of electric osmose self-actuated controller 26, connect the power supply of vacuum pump 28, inflating pump 12, start the analytical test of compound negative pressure of vacuum reinforcing soft foundation technology lab simulation.
Claims (2)
1. a compound negative pressure of vacuum reinforcing soft foundation technology lab simulation analyser, it is characterized in that: four, square model groove (4) top corner point arranges four columns (17), column (17) is upper to be placed and fixes reaction plate (19), reaction plate (19) is placed with pressurised airbag (20) below successively, bearing plate (21) and vacuum diaphragm (11), to apply simulating load to the soil body, by the arrangement mode patchhole pressure sensor (6) designed in advance in soil sample (3) in model groove (4), electric potential sensor (5) and compressible draining electrode (1), sensor for pore water pressure (6), the end leads (25) of electric potential sensor (5) and compressible draining electrode (1) is by conduit (10) connecting hole pressure data collecting instrument (22) respectively, electromotive force data collecting instrument (23) and electric osmose self-actuated controller (26), sand bedding course (8) is positioned at the below of bearing plate (21), compressible draining electrode (1) end in sand bedding course (8) and horizontal drain pipe (9) are close to, horizontal drain pipe (9) is connected with aqueous vapor separating bottle (29) by rubber tube (13).
2. compound negative pressure of vacuum reinforcing soft foundation technology lab simulation analyser according to claim 1, is characterized in that bearing plate (21) size is consistent with model groove (4) inside dimension; The Ge Kaiyi hole, center, two ends of bearing plate (21), so that rubber tube (13) and conduit (10) are deep in the sand bedding course (8) under bearing plate (21).
3. compound negative pressure of vacuum reinforcing soft foundation technology lab simulation analyser according to claim 1, is characterized in that square model groove (4), reaction plate (19) and bearing plate (21) are made by armourplate glass; Pressurised airbag (20) is made up of the high-strength rubber that can bear very large pressure.
4. compound negative pressure of vacuum reinforcing soft foundation technology lab simulation analyser according to claim 1, it is characterized in that compressible draining electrode (1) is made up of non-erodible material, the whole body is evenly distributed with osculum, outside it and top parcel filter cloth (2), top linking springs wire (7), bears the effect of electrode and vertical drainage passage simultaneously.
5. compound negative pressure of vacuum reinforcing soft foundation technology lab simulation analyser according to claim 4, is characterized in that spring wires (7) is bound by filter cloth (2) above, only leaves the hole stretched out for wire (25).
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| CN103335876B (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2015-10-07 | 河海大学 | Soft clay sample preparation device and method is reinvented based on vacuum combined electroosmosis |
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| CN104264719A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2015-01-07 | 上海大学 | Vacuum preloading indoor model testing apparatus |
| CN104569341B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-05-04 | 温州大学 | The method of vacuum pre-pressed joint electric osmose test |
| CN104865371B (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2017-12-29 | 长沙学院 | Reinforcing soft foundation experimental provision and experimental method under a kind of vacuum action |
| CN106018265A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2016-10-12 | 广西大学 | Consolidation apparatus with drainage device |
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| CN108761044B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2023-06-20 | 重庆科技学院 | Test device and method for microorganism-induced calcium carbonate precipitation solidification sand under negative pressure environment |
| CN112683745B (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2023-04-11 | 江苏科技大学 | Heat-force-electroosmosis multi-field coupling soft soil consolidation test box |
| CN114397428B (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2023-04-14 | 甘肃省水利水电勘测设计研究院有限责任公司 | Electroosmosis drainage combined electrode anchoring improved loess slope model test device |
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| JP4703909B2 (en) * | 2001-08-06 | 2011-06-15 | 丸山工業株式会社 | Vacuum soil testing machine |
| CN202351119U (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-07-25 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Physical model test device for soil piercing deformation of cut-off wall |
| CN102535432B (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2014-04-09 | 河海大学 | Vacuumizing-electroosmosis-stacking combined soft-foundation consolidating system and method |
| CN202421109U (en) * | 2012-01-11 | 2012-09-05 | 清华大学 | Vacuum and electro-osmosis united consolidometer |
| CN102704463B (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2015-02-18 | 河海大学 | Vacuum pre-compaction and electro-osmosis combined reinforcing device and method for muck foundation |
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Inventor after: Shen Yang Inventor after: Tao Mingan Inventor after: Huang Wenjun Inventor after: Ge Dongdong Inventor after: Li Yande Inventor after: Ding Hailing Inventor after: Fan Yuming Inventor before: Shen Yang Inventor before: Tao Mingan Inventor before: Huang Wenjun Inventor before: Ge Dongdong Inventor before: Li Yande |
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