CN106840086B - Quick consolidation soft soil test device of ultralow position vacuum preloading method - Google Patents
Quick consolidation soft soil test device of ultralow position vacuum preloading method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106840086B CN106840086B CN201710096897.6A CN201710096897A CN106840086B CN 106840086 B CN106840086 B CN 106840086B CN 201710096897 A CN201710096897 A CN 201710096897A CN 106840086 B CN106840086 B CN 106840086B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L11/00—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00
Abstract
A test device for quickly solidifying soft soil by an ultra-low vacuum preloading method comprises a low vacuum preloading system and a data monitoring system; the low-level vacuum preloading system comprises a model groove, a gravel layer, a vacuum pipe network, a medium-coarse sand cushion layer, a drainage plate, a PVC sealing film and a submersible pump, wherein a U-shaped sealing groove is formed at the periphery of the model groove; covering two layers of PVC sealing films on the surface of the reinforced soft soil layer. The submersible pump is connected with the vacuum pipe network through a drain pipe; the data monitoring system comprises a micro pore water pressure meter, a laser displacement sensor, a data acquisition box and a storage and display device. The device can effectively shorten the soil body consolidation time and reach good reinforcement effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultra-low vacuum preloading, in particular to a test device for quickly consolidating soft soil by an ultra-low vacuum preloading method, which is suitable for quickly consolidating soft soil in a laboratory.
Background
In recent years, the development of infrastructure construction and underwater works such as high-pile wharf filling are increasing in China. When the underwater engineering foundation which needs to be reinforced after hydraulic filling is treated, the traditional natural air-curing method, dynamic compaction method, replacement method and the like are not suitable any more. In addition, the laboratory model test has irreplaceable promoting effect on solving the practical engineering problem, but the time required for conventionally consolidating the clay in a laboratory is too long.
Traditional vacuum preloading is high-order vacuum preloading and adopts high-order drainage method, sets up the vacuum pipe network on dredger fill upper portion promptly, makes it sealed through covering the seal membrane, carries out evacuation, drainage again. A large number of engineering practices show that vacuum preloading in the traditional sense is easy to form a hard shell above soft clay, and soil mass below the hard shell cannot be effectively reinforced.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the test device for quickly consolidating soft soil by the ultra-low vacuum preloading method.
As conceived above, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a test device for quickly consolidating soft soil by an ultra-low vacuum preloading method is characterized in that: the system comprises a low-level vacuum preloading system and a data monitoring system; the low-level vacuum preloading system comprises a model groove, a gravel layer, a vacuum pipe network, a medium-coarse sand cushion layer, a drainage plate, a PVC sealing film and a submersible pump, wherein a U-shaped sealing groove is formed at the periphery of the model groove; covering a first layer of PVC sealing film on the surface of the reinforced soft soil layer, and extending the periphery of the first layer of PVC sealing film downwards into the side surface of the reinforced soft soil layer, firstly fixing a second layer of PVC sealing film in the U-shaped sealing groove, and then filling waterproof sealing cement in the U-shaped sealing groove; the submersible pump is connected with a vacuum pipe network through a drain pipe, water in the submersible pump is conveyed to the upper surface of a sealing film of the mold groove to form a pile carrier, and the drain pipe sequentially penetrates through the medium coarse sand cushion layer, the reinforced soft soil layer and the sealing flange from bottom to top to form a complete vacuum negative pressure system; the data monitoring system comprises a micro pore water pressure gauge, a laser displacement sensor, a data acquisition box and a storage and display device, the laser displacement sensor for monitoring the surface settlement of the soil body is erected above the mold groove, the micro pore water pressure gauge is buried in the reinforced soft soil layer, and the micro pore water pressure gauge and the laser displacement sensor are connected into a computer through the data acquisition box.
The mold groove is cylindrical.
The vacuum filter tube adopts a steel wire threaded tube, a straight-line-shaped opening with the length equal to the diameter of the pipeline is arranged on the pipeline every 3cm along the steel wire surrounding direction, and a layer of non-woven fabric is wound on the periphery of the straight-line-shaped opening and bound by a rubber band.
The vacuum filter tubes are annularly arranged in the gravel layer.
The distance between the plate tops of the drainage plates and the surface of the soft soil layer to be reinforced is 10cm.
The submersible pump is arranged in a submersible pump storage box above the sealing membrane, a pressure dissipation plate is arranged between the submersible pump storage box and the sealing membrane, and the distance between the water surface in the submersible pump storage box and the upper surface of the submersible pump is 20cm.
The upper part of the sealing film is provided with inverted T-shaped measuring piles at equal intervals from the center of the model groove to the circumference, and the pile body is provided with graduation value scales for measuring the water displacement.
And geotextiles are laid between the reinforced soft soil layer and the medium coarse sand cushion layer and between the medium coarse sand cushion layer and the gravel layer.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the invention pumps water at the bottom of the soil body, water in the soil is seeped downwards under the dual actions of a gravity field and a seepage field, and the soft soil layer drains and solidifies under the action of internal and external pressure. Meanwhile, the invention can apply the discharged water as a stacking load on the upper part of the soft soil layer, further pre-press the soft soil layer and accelerate the consolidation of the soil body. The data monitoring device can monitor the change of the settlement and the pore water pressure in real time, and can establish a consolidation model corresponding to the large deformation of the dredger fill for predicting the settlement of the dredger fill.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the gravel layer and the medium-coarse sand cushion layer for transferring vacuum and drainage are arranged at the lower part of the reinforced soft soil layer, water can rapidly seep downwards without overcoming the self gravity, and the whole soft soil layer is drained and consolidated under the internal and external pressure difference. Meanwhile, the discharged water is used as a piling carrier to pre-press the dredger fill, so that a better compaction effect can be achieved.
2. The invention adopts a two-layer sealing mode, the lower layer extends downwards to enter the side face of the soil body, and the upper layer is fixed in the sealing groove through the O-shaped sealing ring and waterproof sealing cement, thereby ensuring the airtightness in the groove and effectively reinforcing the soft soil.
3. According to the invention, the submersible pump connected with the vacuum pipe network can convey water in the sand cushion layer to the upper part of the sealing film to be used as a stacking carrier for prepressing the soft soil layer below the sand cushion layer, so that the consolidation drainage effect of the vacuum prepressing load is enhanced.
4. According to the invention, the micro pore water pressure gauge embedded in the soft soil and the laser displacement sensor erected on the model groove transmit test data to the display equipment through the data acquisition box, so that the reinforcement effect, the settlement displacement and the system tightness can be monitored in real time;
5. the invention can measure the water displacement of the soil body through the laser displacement sensor, is used for calculating the water content of the dredger fill, can also measure the settlement of the soil body, and calculates the real-time consolidation degree.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the elevational layout of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a vacuum piping network arrangement of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the mold-type groove film.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an inverted "T" type measuring pile.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of sealing construction of the sealing groove.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the joint between the vacuum filter tube and the drain plate.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of a vacuum filter tube.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a vacuum filter tube.
In the figure: 1-a mould groove; 2, geotextile; 3-a gravel layer; 4-medium coarse sand layer; 5, vacuum pipe network; 6-filling the soil layer by blowing; 7-plastic drain board; 8-PVC sealing film; 9-U-shaped sealing groove; 10-pressure dissipating plate; 11-a submersible pump storage box; 12-a submersible pump; 13-inverted T-shaped piles; 14-laser displacement sensor; 15-a flange; 16-sealing cement gum; 17-the filter tube is connected with the drainage plate; 18-rivets; 19-micro pore water pressure gauge; 20-a data collection box; 21-a storage and display device; 22-elastic rubber ring; 23- "one" word mouth; 24-non-woven fabrics.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
as shown in the figure: a test device for quickly solidifying soft soil by an ultra-low vacuum preloading method comprises a low vacuum preloading system and a data monitoring system.
1. The low-level vacuum preloading system consists of a cylindrical model groove, a gravel layer, a vacuum pipe network, a medium-coarse sand cushion layer, a drainage plate, a PVC sealing membrane and a submersible pump.
1. The periphery of the cylindrical model groove is provided with a U-shaped sealing groove 9, and the bottom of the groove is paved with a gravel layer 3.
2. A vacuum pipe network 5 consisting of vacuum filter pipes is embedded in the gravel layer, the vacuum filter pipes are steel wire threaded pipes (TS 06) and are annularly arranged in the gravel layer, a straight-line-shaped opening 23 with the length equal to the diameter of the pipe is arranged on the pipeline of the vacuum filter pipes every 3cm along the steel wire surrounding direction, a layer of non-woven fabric 24 is wound on the periphery of the pipeline, and the pipeline is bound by rubber bands.
3. And a medium-coarse sand cushion layer 4 with the thickness of 20cm is arranged between the vacuum pipe network 5 and the reinforced soft soil layer 6.
4. And a vertical drainage plate 7 is arranged in the soft soil layer to be reinforced, the distance between the top of the plate and the surface of the dredger fill is 10cm, and the lower part of the plate is connected with the vacuum pipe network 5 through a connecting joint 14 and is fixed through a rivet 18.
5. The surface of the reinforced soft soil layer is covered with a first layer of PVC sealing membrane 8, the periphery of the first layer of PVC sealing membrane 8 extends downwards to the side face of the soil layer by 50cm, the second layer of PVC sealing membrane 8 is fixed in the sealing groove 9 through the elastic rubber ring 22, and then waterproof sealing clay is filled in the sealing groove.
6. The drain pipe connecting the submersible pump 12 with the vacuum pipe network 5 sequentially penetrates through the medium coarse sand cushion layer 4, the reinforced soft soil layer 6 and the sealing flange 15 from bottom to top to form a complete vacuum negative pressure system. The submersible pump 12 is connected with the vacuum pipe network 5 through a drain pipe, and water in the submersible pump is conveyed to the upper part of the sealing membrane 8 of the cylindrical mold groove to form a stack carrier. The submersible pump 12 is arranged in a submersible pump storage box 11 above the sealing film, a pressure dissipation plate 10 is arranged between the submersible pump storage box and the submersible pump storage box, and the distance between the water surface in the submersible pump storage box and the upper surface of the submersible pump is 20cm.
7. Inverted T-shaped measuring piles 13 are arranged on the upper portion of the sealing film 8 at equal intervals from the circle center of the die groove 1 to the circumference, and scales with the division value of 1mm are arranged on the pile body and used for measuring the water displacement.
8. And geotextile 2 is laid between the reinforced soft soil layer and the medium coarse sand cushion layer and between the medium coarse sand cushion layer and the gravel layer.
2. The data monitoring system consists of a micro pore water pressure meter 19, a laser displacement sensor 14, a data acquisition box 20 and a storage and display device 21. The laser displacement sensor 4 for monitoring the soil surface settlement is erected above the inverted T-shaped measuring pile 13, the micro pore water pressure gauge 19 is embedded in the reinforced soft soil layer 6, and the micro pore water pressure gauge and the laser displacement sensor are connected into a computer through a data acquisition box.
The construction process of the invention is as follows:
1. a proper amount of gravel layers 3 are firstly paved in the cylindrical model groove 1, and a vacuum pipe network is paved in the gravel layers, and the vacuum filter pipes are circularly arranged by adopting steel wire threaded pipes. And a drain pipe for connecting the submersible pump and the vacuum pipe network sequentially penetrates through medium coarse sand, dredger fill and the sealing flange from bottom to top to form a complete vacuum negative pressure system. Meanwhile, the lap joint of the water inlet drainage plate and the laying of the dredger fill are carried out, the lower part of the water drainage plate is communicated with the sand cushion layer, a 10cm thick soil layer is reserved at the upper part of the water drainage plate to protect the sealing film, and the micro pore water pressure gauge 19 is buried at a proper depth. And covering the surface of the dredger fill with a layer of PVC sealing membrane, extending into the side surface of the dredger fill for 50cm, and fixing a second layer of PVC sealing membrane on the dredger fill through an O-shaped sealing ring and waterproof sealing cement to form a closed space. A laser displacement sensor is erected on the mold groove, and the micro pore water pressure gauge and the laser displacement sensor are connected into a computer through a data acquisition box.
2. Firstly, a data acquisition system is started, and test data are monitored and recorded.
3. After the vacuum negative pressure surcharge system is started, the bottom of the soft soil layer begins to drain water and solidify under the action of the internal and external pressure difference, the drainage plate transmits the vacuum load of the bottom into the soil layer, water in the soft soil layer seeps downwards and is pumped to the upper part of the sealing membrane through the submersible pump to pre-press the dredger fill, and thus a set of continuous and complete vacuum pre-pressing combined surcharge system is formed.
The invention arranges the gravel layer embedded with vacuum pipe network at the bottom of the soft soil layer to be reinforced, and the water in the soil body rapidly seeps downwards under the dual action of gravity field and seepage field caused by suction force. Compared with the traditional vacuum preloading, the invention is more beneficial to drainage consolidation and the strength of the reinforced soil body is increased from top to bottom in sequence, and the top is prevented from forming 'hard shells'. The submersible pump pumps water in the sand cushion layer to the upper part of the PVC sealing film to form a pile carrier, so that the soil compaction effect is further enhanced. The testing device integrating ultra-low vacuum preloading, low drainage and surcharge preloading can quickly reinforce soil, achieves an ideal compaction effect, is simple in construction method and short in period, can save energy, has a realistic significance for quickly reinforcing soft soil in an indoor model test and shortening the test period, and can be popularized to actual projects of underwater foundation treatment such as high-pile wharf filling.
Claims (6)
1. A test device for quickly solidifying soft soil by an ultra-low vacuum preloading method is characterized in that: the system comprises a low-level vacuum preloading system and a data monitoring system; the low-position vacuum preloading system consists of a model groove, a gravel layer, a vacuum pipe network, a medium coarse sand cushion layer, a drainage plate, a PVC sealing membrane and a submersible pump, wherein a U-shaped sealing groove is formed at the periphery of the model groove; covering a first layer of PVC sealing film on the surface of the reinforced soft soil layer, extending the periphery of the first layer of PVC sealing film downwards into the side surface of the reinforced soft soil layer, firstly fixing a second layer of PVC sealing film in the U-shaped sealing groove, and then filling waterproof sealing cement in the U-shaped sealing groove; the submersible pump is connected with a vacuum pipe network through a drain pipe, water in the submersible pump is conveyed to the upper surface of a sealing film of the mold groove to form a stacking carrier, and the drain pipe sequentially penetrates through the medium coarse sand cushion layer, the reinforced soft soil layer and the sealing flange from bottom to top to form a complete vacuum negative pressure system; the data monitoring system comprises a micro pore water pressure gauge, a laser displacement sensor, a data acquisition box and a storage and display device, wherein the laser displacement sensor for monitoring the surface settlement of the soil body is erected above the model groove, the micro pore water pressure gauge is embedded in the reinforced soft soil layer, and the micro pore water pressure gauge and the laser displacement sensor are connected into a computer through the data acquisition box;
the mould groove is cylindrical;
the vacuum filter tube adopts a steel wire threaded tube, and the steel wire threaded tube is arranged on the pipeline at intervals of 3cm along the steel wire surrounding direction
A straight-line-shaped opening with the length equal to the diameter of the pipeline is drawn, a layer of non-woven fabric is wound on the periphery of the straight-line-shaped opening, and the non-woven fabric is bound with the non-woven fabric by a rubber band.
2. The ultra-low vacuum preloading fast soft soil consolidation test device of claim 1, characterized in that: the vacuum filter tubes are annularly arranged in the gravel layer.
3. The ultra-low vacuum preloading fast soft soil consolidation test device of claim 1, characterized in that: the plate top of the drainage plate is 10cm away from the surface of the reinforced soft soil layer.
4. The ultra-low vacuum preloading fast soft soil consolidation test device of claim 1, characterized in that: the submersible pump is arranged in a submersible pump storage box above the sealing membrane, a pressure dissipation plate is arranged between the submersible pump storage box and the sealing membrane, and the distance between the water surface in the submersible pump storage box and the upper surface of the submersible pump is 20cm.
5. The ultra-low vacuum preloading fast soft soil consolidation test device of claim 1, characterized in that: the upper part of the sealing film is provided with inverted T-shaped measuring piles at equal intervals from the center of the model groove to the circumference, and the pile body is provided with graduation value scales for measuring the water displacement.
6. The ultra-low vacuum preloading fast soft soil consolidation test device of claim 1, characterized in that: and geotextile is laid between the reinforced soft soil layer and the medium coarse sand cushion layer and between the medium coarse sand cushion layer and the gravel layer.
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