CN102936707A - Device and method for refining aluminum matrix composite material matrix organization - Google Patents
Device and method for refining aluminum matrix composite material matrix organization Download PDFInfo
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- CN102936707A CN102936707A CN2012104722296A CN201210472229A CN102936707A CN 102936707 A CN102936707 A CN 102936707A CN 2012104722296 A CN2012104722296 A CN 2012104722296A CN 201210472229 A CN201210472229 A CN 201210472229A CN 102936707 A CN102936707 A CN 102936707A
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Abstract
Disclosed are a device and a method for refining an aluminum matrix composite material matrix organization. The device is characterized in that the device is composed of a mold, a main punch, an auxiliary punch and a plug; during usage, lubricating agents are coated on surfaces of hollow cavities and channels of the mold, a material to be extruded is placed at a large-size end of one channel, loading is started to pressurize the main punch, the other channel of the mold is sealed by the plug, the plug gradually and backwards move under the pressure action of the material when the channel is full of the material, and the auxiliary punch is loaded to enter a turning channel until the material completely turns when the main punch moves to the bottom of a hollow cavity with a larger diameter; and then the plug is removed, the mold is turned over, the punch is aligned to the extruded material, and the steps are repeated for 3-5 times. The method combines advantages of a reciprocating extrusion method and an equal-channel angular extruding method, and the method is simple in operation and reliable in effects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminum matrix composite, particularly for relating to a kind of device and method of refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix.
Technical background
The high speed development of modern industry increases day by day to the materials demand that has simultaneously higher-strength and good plasticity.Grain refining is to improve one of effective ways of material structure intensity, simultaneously the plasticity of material and toughness even physicals all are greatly improved, so the super fine crystal material application potential is very big.The preparation method of super fine crystal material comprises evaporation of metal-condensation pressing, mechanical milling method, mechanical alloying method, Amorphous Crystallization method, rubs and press method, strike, rapid solidification method and the intense plastic strain method etc. turned round.The employing large plastometric set obtains submicron, nanometer-size die is the study hotspot that rises both at home and abroad during the nearly last ten years.The method is keeping preferably improving significantly the intensity of material under the plasticity and toughness.Studies show that in a large number: dependence stress or viscous deformation just can change the transformation behavior of material independently, remarkable refinement microstructure, and the effect of crystal grain thinning is considerably beyond traditional heat treatment technics.So far, the sever Plastic Deformation of having studied has 10 multiple technologies, but has run in actual applications the restriction bottleneck, makes its advantage can not get good performance.
Equal-channel Angular Pressing (also claiming Equal Channel Angular Pressing, Equal Channel Angular Pressing, ECAP) is based on a kind of processing technology of large plastometric set theory.Adopt this process materials can repeat extruding, after repeatedly pushing, the crystal grain of material reaches ultra-fine yardstick, and the comprehensive mechanical property of material is improved greatly.The ECAP method can produce high deflection, size constancy and larger-size product, and at material internal noresidue hole.For miter angle extruding deforming amount less and the many deficiencies of processing passage, national inventing patent (patent No. CN101294238A) prepares the advantage of super fine crystal material in conjunction with pier extrusion method repeatedly, coextrusion method (CCEC) has been proposed, can squeeze by less passage pier, realize grain refining, no matter on cost, economic benefit, or on the structure property of material, certain superiority is arranged, have good application prospect.All to again pick and place material but the each pier of this patented method squeezes, operate more loaded down with trivial details.Therefore, in the urgent need to developing a kind of easier method of passing through viscous deformation acquisition grain refining matrix.
Also have a kind of reciprocating extrusion method in large plastometric set method, the die cavity that has two sectional areas that are in a straight line to equate and distinguished by deflation each other in the mould installs respectively a fluid pressure type drift on the both sides of die cavity.The characteristics of the method are at first by extruding specimen cross sectional area to be reduced, make its cross-sectional area return to original dimension by compression again thereupon, thereby so repeatedly carry out obtaining large viscous deformation, namely this technique be one repeatedly extruding with compress the process that combines.But the method is because the restriction of self method can not obtain uniform dependent variable at the whole length direction of sample.If Equal-channel Angular Pressing can be combined with the reciprocating extrusion method, can realize that then relative simple ground obtains the grain refining tissue by less passage viscous deformation.
Aluminum matrix composite is little because having density, and specific tenacity is high, and fusing point is lower, is easy to the advantages such as processing, occupies critical role at material circle, is widely used in the industries such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile, machinery.Along with the development of modern industry and the progress of technology, day by day urgent to the requirement of high strength aluminum matrix composite.The preparation method of aluminum matrix composite is existing a lot, divides by the mode that wild phase adds, and mainly contains several classes of paddling process, powder metallurgic method, method of impregnation, gunite, intermediate alloy process and in-situ compositing.Wherein, by the aluminum-based in-situ composite materials of in-situ compositing preparation, the wild phase of generation is tiny, can reach below 1 micron, and wild phase is combined well with the matrix alloy interface, has good mechanical property, higher wear resisting property and high-temperature behavior.If adopt the matrix of the further refinement matrix material of novel large plastometric set method, with the range of application of such matrix material of energy efficient extn.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of device and method of refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix, its principle is: take full advantage of the aximal deformation value of reciprocating extrusion method and Equal-channel Angular Pressing method to the change of crystallographic direction, reciprocating extrusion is combined with Equal-channel Angular Pressing, fixedly the other end loading of one end during work, break through the inhomogeneous problem of reciprocating extrusion deflection on whole length direction and the many deficiencies of equal channel angular pressing texturing road sub-quantity, simultaneously by in the middle of main drift, adding the diameter auxiliary punch identical with the Equal-channel Angular Pressing channel size, material in the assurance passage is realized corner fully, repeat said process behind the die flip, the centre does not need again to pick and place material.
The present invention proposes a kind of device of refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix, it is characterized in that: this device is by mould, main drift, auxiliary punch and plug form, have two diameters in the described mould and be connected the corner passage that the 90o angle connects that is that equates with length, article two, the corner passage all links to each other with large-size cavity towards the part of mold outer surface, the length of large-size cavity, equal diameters, one of them large-size cavity is provided with the main drift that matches with the large-size cavity size, main punch-center partly has cylindrical hole, be provided with the auxiliary punch with the cylindrical hole dimensional fits in the cylindrical hole, place material to be extruded between main drift and the corner passage; Be provided with the plug with the large-size cavity dimensional fits in another large-size cavity, plug is fixed by spring.
Related mould refers to the extrusion mould that adopts die steel or high-strength ductile cast iron to make.
The diameter of described two corner passages is that 5 ~ 10mm, length are 50 ~ 100mm.
Described two large-size cavity refer at the diameter of mold outer surface opening obviously greater than the cavity of the corner channel diameter of Equal-channel Angular Pressing, its length is determined by the amount of the material of required processing, be 50 ~ 100mm, its diameter is adjusted with the deformation stress of the desired deflection of material to be processed and squeezing device, be 50 ~ 100mm, select larger diameter when requiring the material deformation amount large, the deformation stress of the squeezing device hour less diameter of selection.
Related main drift refers to the high carbon steel right cylinder drift that diameter of section matches with large-size cavity, and its centre portions has the cylindrical hole that cooperates with auxiliary punch.
Related auxiliary punch refers in the middle of main drift, the high carbon steel drift that diameter cooperates with the cylindrical hole of main punch-center part.
Related plug refers to the high carbon steel right cylinder that diameter of section matches with large-size cavity, which is provided with air discharge duct, links to each other with spring towards mold outer surface one side, is full of cavity to guarantee material to be processed.
On the basis of the above, the present invention proposes a kind of method of refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix, it is characterized in that: in the large-size cavity of mould and turn to channel surface to apply lubricant, put into material to be extruded in a large-size cavity therein, and begin to load and make main drift pressurization, the opposite side passage of mould adopts plug to seal, after material is full of the corner passage, plug is progressively mobile backward under the material pressure effect, when main drift moves to the bottom of large-size cavity, loading makes it enter the corner passage to auxiliary punch, until material is realized corner fully; Then plug is removed, die flip also makes main drift and the material of auxiliary punch aligning through pushing, and repeats above-mentioned steps 3 ~ 5 times.
Related lubricant refers to the graphite-like solid lubricant, is coated on the middle cylindrical hole surface of main drift, plug, mould large-size cavity and channel surface, auxiliary punch and main drift.
The method combines the advantage of reciprocating extrusion method and Equal-channel Angular Pressing method, and is simple to operate, reliable for effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is present method working process synoptic diagram; A) put into mould, b for material to be deformed) be main drift and auxiliary punch synchronous pressing, c) make it enter corner passage, d for auxiliary punch loads) die flip enters next extrusion cycle, wherein 1 for auxiliary punch, 2 be that main drift, 3 is plug for corner passage, 6 for mould, 5 for material to be extruded, 4;
Fig. 2 is through Al after 4 extruding
2O
3The microstructure of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material.
Specific embodiment
The present invention can implement according to following instance, but is not limited to following instance; Employed term unless other explanation is arranged, generally has the implication that those of ordinary skills understand usually in the present invention; Should be understood that these embodiment just in order to demonstrate the invention, but not limit the scope of the invention by any way; In following embodiment, various processes and the method do not described in detail are ordinary methods as known in the art.
Embodiment 1
The device and method of present embodiment implementation refinement aluminum-based in-situ composite materials matrix, wherein enhanced granule is nanometer Al
2O
3The average grain size of alloy matrix aluminum is 18 μ m, adopt die steel to make a cover extrusion mould, have at mould middle part mutually to be diameter that the 90o angle connects and to be two corner passages that 5mm, length are 50mm, two corner passages are the large-size cavity of length 50mm diameter 50 mm towards the part of mold outer surface; Apply oildag at mould cavity and channel surface during use, the large-size cavity end of diameter 50 mm is put into Al to be extruded therein
2O
3Particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, and begin to load and make the pressurization of high carbon steel master drift, the opposite side corner passage of mould adopts plug to seal, and after material was full of the corner passage, plug was progressively mobile backward under the material pressure effect; When main drift moves to the large-size cavity bottom of diameter 50 mm, auxiliary punch is loaded, until material is realized corner fully; Then plug is removed, die flip makes drift aim at the material of process extruding, repeats above-mentioned steps 3 times.
Fig. 2 is through Al after 4 extruding
2O
3The microstructure of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, as can be seen from Figure 2, the average grain size of alloy matrix aluminum is about 5 μ m.
The device and method of present embodiment implementation refinement aluminum-based in-situ composite materials matrix, wherein enhanced granule is submicron Al
2O
3The average grain size of alloy matrix aluminum is 22 μ m, adopt die steel to make a cover extrusion mould, have at mould middle part mutually to be diameter that the 90o angle connects and to be two corner passages that 10mm, length are 100mm, two corner passages are the large-size cavity of length 100mm diameter 100 mm towards the part of mold outer surface; Apply oildag at mould cavity and channel surface during use, the large-size cavity end of diameter 100 mm is put into Al to be extruded therein
2O
3Particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, and begin to load and make the pressurization of high carbon steel master drift, the opposite side corner passage of mould adopts plug to seal, and after material was full of the corner passage, plug was progressively mobile backward under the material pressure effect; When main drift moves to the large-size cavity bottom of diameter 100 mm, auxiliary punch is loaded, until material is realized corner fully; Then plug is removed, die flip makes drift aim at the material of process extruding, repeats above-mentioned steps 5 times, through Al after 6 extruding
2O
3The average grain size of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material matrix is about 4 μ m.
The device and method of present embodiment implementation refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix, wherein enhanced granule is submicron TiC, the average grain size of alloy matrix aluminum is 25 μ m, adopt high-strength ductile cast iron to make a cover extrusion mould, have at mould middle part mutually to be diameter that the 90o angle connects and to be two corner passages that 8mm, length are 80mm, two corner passages are the large-size cavity of length 70mm diameter 80 mm towards the part of mold outer surface; Apply oildag at mould cavity and channel surface during use, the large-size cavity end of diameter 80 mm is put into TiC particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material to be extruded therein, and begin to load and make the pressurization of high carbon steel master drift, the opposite side corner passage of mould adopts plug to seal, after material was full of the corner passage, plug was progressively mobile backward under the material pressure effect; When main drift moves to the large-size cavity bottom of diameter 80 mm, auxiliary punch is loaded, until material is realized corner fully; Then plug is removed, die flip makes drift aim at the material of process extruding, repeats above-mentioned steps 4 times, and the average grain size of TiC particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material matrix is about 6 μ m after pushing through 5 times.
Embodiment 4
The device and method of present embodiment implementation refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix, wherein enhanced granule is nano TiC, the average grain size of alloy matrix aluminum is 16 μ m, adopt high-strength ductile cast iron to make a cover extrusion mould, have at mould middle part mutually to be diameter that the 90o angle connects and to be two corner passages that 9mm, length are 100mm, two corner passages are the large-size cavity of length 80mm diameter 100 mm towards the part of mold outer surface; Apply oildag at mould cavity and channel surface during use, the large-size cavity end of diameter 100 mm is put into TiC particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material to be extruded therein, and begin to load and make the pressurization of high carbon steel master drift, the opposite side corner passage of mould adopts plug to seal, after material was full of the corner passage, plug was progressively mobile backward under the material pressure effect; When main drift moves to the large-size cavity bottom of diameter 100 mm, auxiliary punch is loaded, until material is realized corner fully; Then plug is removed, die flip makes drift aim at the material of process extruding, repeats above-mentioned steps 5 times, and the average grain size of TiC particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material matrix is about 3 μ m after pushing through 6 times.
Claims (9)
1. the device of a refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix, it is characterized in that: described device is by mould, main drift, auxiliary punch and plug form, have the corner passage that is the connection of 90o angle that two diameters are connected with identical length in the described mould, article two, the corner passage all links to each other with large-size cavity towards the part of mold outer surface, the length of large-size cavity, equal diameters, one of them large-size cavity is provided with the main drift that matches with the large-size cavity size, main punch-center partly has cylindrical hole, be provided with the auxiliary punch with the cylindrical hole dimensional fits in the cylindrical hole, place material to be extruded between main drift and the corner passage; Be provided with the plug with the large-size cavity dimensional fits in another large-size cavity, plug is fixed by spring.
2. the device of a kind of refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described mould refers to the extrusion mould that adopts die steel or high-strength ductile cast iron to make.
3. the device of a kind of refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the diameter of described two corner passages is that 5 ~ 10mm, length are 50 ~ 100mm.
4. the device of a kind of refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described two large-size cavity refer at the diameter of mold outer surface opening obviously greater than the cavity of the corner channel diameter of Equal-channel Angular Pressing, its length is determined by the amount of the material of required processing, be 50 ~ 100mm, its diameter is adjusted with the deformation stress of the desired deflection of material to be processed and squeezing device, be 50 ~ 100mm, select larger diameter when requiring the material deformation amount large, the deformation stress of the squeezing device hour less diameter of selection.
5. the device of a kind of refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described main drift, refer to the high carbon steel right cylinder drift that diameter of section matches with large-size cavity, its centre portions has the cylindrical hole that cooperates with auxiliary punch.
6. the device of a kind of refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described auxiliary punch refers in the middle of main drift the high carbon steel drift that diameter cooperates with the cylindrical hole of main punch-center part.
7. the device of a kind of refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described plug, refer to the high carbon steel right cylinder that diameter of section matches with large-size cavity, which is provided with air discharge duct, link to each other with spring towards mold outer surface one side, be full of cavity to guarantee material to be processed.
8. the method for a refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix, it is characterized in that: in the large-size cavity of mould and turn to channel surface to apply lubricant, put into material to be extruded in a large-size cavity therein, and begin to load and make main drift pressurization, the opposite side passage of mould adopts plug to seal, after material is full of the corner passage, plug is progressively mobile backward under the material pressure effect, when main drift moves to the bottom of large-size cavity, loading makes it enter the corner passage to auxiliary punch, until material is realized corner fully; Then plug is removed, die flip also makes main drift and the material of auxiliary punch aligning through pushing, and repeats above-mentioned steps 3 ~ 5 times.
9. the method for a kind of refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described lubricant, refer to the graphite-like solid lubricant, be coated on the middle cylindrical hole surface of main drift, plug, mould large-size cavity and channel surface, auxiliary punch and main drift.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103866168A (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2014-06-18 | 天津理工大学 | Preparation method of nano-particle reinforcement magnesium-based biocomposite material |
| CN105478507A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-04-13 | 江西省科学院应用物理研究所 | Method for preparing dispersion strengthened copper-based composites through equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) |
| CN105537305A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-05-04 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Device for preparing fine grains through variable section angular pressing and method thereof |
| CN107287538A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-10-24 | 江苏大学 | A kind of method that the passage ECAP of combination two processing improves ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy combination property |
| CN111719060A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-09-29 | 山东源航超轻材料研究院有限公司 | Surface modification of reinforcement for Mg-Li-based composite material and preparation method of prefabricated body of reinforcement |
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| CN1834274A (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2006-09-20 | 东北轻合金有限责任公司 | High surface aluminium strip and its prodn. method |
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| CN102140589A (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2011-08-03 | 山东创新金属科技股份有限公司 | Microalloy smelting process for aluminum-magnesium-silicon aluminum alloy |
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Patent Citations (3)
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| CN1834274A (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2006-09-20 | 东北轻合金有限责任公司 | High surface aluminium strip and its prodn. method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103866168A (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2014-06-18 | 天津理工大学 | Preparation method of nano-particle reinforcement magnesium-based biocomposite material |
| CN103866168B (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2015-10-21 | 天津理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of nano-particle reinforcement magnesium base Biocomposite material |
| CN105537305A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-05-04 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Device for preparing fine grains through variable section angular pressing and method thereof |
| CN105537305B (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2017-07-28 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Varied section corner extrusion prepares the devices and methods therefor of fine grain |
| CN105478507A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-04-13 | 江西省科学院应用物理研究所 | Method for preparing dispersion strengthened copper-based composites through equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) |
| CN107287538A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-10-24 | 江苏大学 | A kind of method that the passage ECAP of combination two processing improves ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy combination property |
| CN111719060A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-09-29 | 山东源航超轻材料研究院有限公司 | Surface modification of reinforcement for Mg-Li-based composite material and preparation method of prefabricated body of reinforcement |
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