CN102936707B - Device and method for refining aluminum matrix composite material matrix organization - Google Patents
Device and method for refining aluminum matrix composite material matrix organization Download PDFInfo
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- CN102936707B CN102936707B CN201210472229.6A CN201210472229A CN102936707B CN 102936707 B CN102936707 B CN 102936707B CN 201210472229 A CN201210472229 A CN 201210472229A CN 102936707 B CN102936707 B CN 102936707B
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Abstract
Disclosed are a device and a method for refining an aluminum matrix composite material matrix organization. The device is characterized in that the device is composed of a mold, a main punch, an auxiliary punch and a plug; during usage, lubricating agents are coated on surfaces of hollow cavities and channels of the mold, a material to be extruded is placed at a large-size end of one channel, loading is started to pressurize the main punch, the other channel of the mold is sealed by the plug, the plug gradually and backwards move under the pressure action of the material when the channel is full of the material, and the auxiliary punch is loaded to enter a turning channel until the material completely turns when the main punch moves to the bottom of a hollow cavity with a larger diameter; and then the plug is removed, the mold is turned over, the punch is aligned to the extruded material, and the steps are repeated for 3-5 times. The method combines advantages of a reciprocating extrusion method and an equal-channel angular extruding method, and the method is simple in operation and reliable in effects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminum matrix composite, particularly for relating to a kind of device and method of refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix.
Technical background
The high speed development of modern industry, increases day by day to the materials demand simultaneously with higher-strength and good plasticity.Grain refining is to improve one of effective ways of material structure intensity, simultaneously the plasticity to material and toughness even physicals be all greatly improved, therefore super fine crystal material application potential is very big.The preparation method of super fine crystal material comprises evaporation of metal-condensation pressing, mechanical milling method, mechanical alloying method, Amorphous Crystallization method, rubs and press method, strike, rapid solidification method and the intense plastic strain method etc. turned round.Employing large plastometric set obtains submicron, nanometer-size die is the study hotspot rising both at home and abroad during the nearly last ten years.The method is keeping, under good plasticity and toughness, improving significantly the intensity of material.Large quantity research shows: dependence stress or viscous deformation just can change the transformation behavior of material independently, significantly refinement microstructure, and the effect of crystal grain thinning is considerably beyond traditional heat treatment technics.So far, the sever Plastic Deformation of having studied has 10 multiple technologies, but has run in actual applications restriction bottleneck, makes its advantage can not get good performance.
Equal-channel Angular Pressing (also claiming Equal Channel Angular Pressing, Equal Channel Angular Pressing, ECAP) is a kind of processing technology based on large plastometric set theory.Adopt this process materials can repeat extruding, after repeatedly pushing, the crystal grain of material reaches ultra-fine yardstick, and the comprehensive mechanical property of material is improved greatly.ECAP method can produce high deflection, size constancy and larger-size product, and at material internal noresidue hole.The relatively little and many deficiencies of processing passage for miter angle extruding deforming amount, national inventing patent (patent No. CN101294238A) is prepared the advantage of super fine crystal material in conjunction with pier extrusion method repeatedly, coextrusion method (CCEC) has been proposed, can squeeze by less passage pier, realize grain refining, no matter from cost, economic benefit, or in the structure property of material, there is certain superiority, there is good application prospect.All to again pick and place material but the each pier of this patented method squeezes, operate more loaded down with trivial details.Therefore, in the urgent need to developing a kind of easier method that obtains grain refining matrix by viscous deformation.
In large plastometric set method, also have a kind of reciprocating extrusion method, the die cavity that has two sectional areas that are in a straight line to equate and distinguished by deflation each other in mould, installs respectively a fluid pressure type drift on the both sides of die cavity.The feature of the method is first by extruding, specimen cross sectional area to be reduced, make its cross-sectional area return to original dimension by compression again thereupon, thereby so repeatedly carry out obtaining large viscous deformation, this technique is a process that extruding combines with compression repeatedly.But the method, due to the restriction of self method, can not obtain uniform dependent variable on the whole length direction of sample.If Equal-channel Angular Pressing can be combined with reciprocating extrusion method, can realize relatively easily and obtain grain refining tissue by less passage viscous deformation.
Aluminum matrix composite is little because having density, and specific tenacity is high, and fusing point is lower, is easy to the advantages such as processing, occupies critical role at material circle, is widely used in the industries such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile, machinery.Along with the development of modern industry and the progress of technology, day by day urgent to the requirement of high strength aluminum matrix composite.The preparation method of aluminum matrix composite is existing a lot, and the mode adding by wild phase is divided, and mainly contains several classes of paddling process, powder metallurgic method, method of impregnation, gunite, intermediate alloy process and in-situ compositing.Wherein, the aluminum-based in-situ composite materials of being prepared by in-situ compositing, the wild phase of generation is tiny, can reach below 1 micron, and wild phase is combined well with matrix alloy interface, has good mechanical property, higher wear resisting property and high-temperature behavior.If adopt the matrix of the further refinement matrix material of novel large plastometric set method, by the range of application of such matrix material of energy efficient extn.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of device and method of refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix, its principle is: make full use of aximal deformation value and the change of Equal-channel Angular Pressing method to crystallographic direction of reciprocating extrusion method, reciprocating extrusion is combined with Equal-channel Angular Pressing, when work, the fixing the other end in one end loads, break through the inhomogeneous problem of reciprocating extrusion deflection on whole length direction and the many deficiencies of equal channel angular pressing texturing road sub-quantity, simultaneously by add the diameter auxiliary punch identical with Equal-channel Angular Pressing channel size in the middle of main drift, material in guarantee passage is realized corner completely, after die flip, repeat said process, centre does not need again to pick and place material.
The present invention proposes a kind of device of refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix, it is characterized in that: this device is by mould, main drift, auxiliary punch and plug composition, in described mould, have the corner passage that 90o angle is connected that is that two diameters all equate with length, article two, corner passage is all connected with large-size cavity towards the part of mold outer surface, the length of large-size cavity, equal diameters, one of them large-size cavity is provided with the main drift matching with large-size cavity size, main punch-center part has cylindrical hole, in cylindrical hole, be provided with the auxiliary punch with cylindrical hole dimensional fits, between main drift and corner passage, place material to be extruded, in another large-size cavity, be provided with and the plug of large-size cavity dimensional fits, plug is fixed by spring.
Related mould, refers to the extrusion mould that adopts die steel or high-strength ductile cast iron to make.
The diameter of described two corner passages is that 5 ~ 10mm, length are 50 ~ 100mm.
Described two large-size cavity refer to the cavity that is obviously greater than the corner channel diameter of Equal-channel Angular Pressing at the diameter of mold outer surface opening, its length is determined by the amount of the material of required processing, be 50 ~ 100mm, its diameter is adjusted with the deformation stress of the desired deflection of material to be processed and squeezing device, be 50 ~ 100mm, while requiring material deformation amount large, select larger diameter, the deformation stress of squeezing device hour is selected less diameter.
Related main drift, refers to the high carbon steel right cylinder drift that diameter of section matches with large-size cavity, and its centre portions has the cylindrical hole coordinating with auxiliary punch.
Related auxiliary punch, refers in the middle of main drift, the high carbon steel drift that diameter coordinates with the cylindrical hole of main punch-center part.
Related plug, refers to the high carbon steel right cylinder that diameter of section matches with large-size cavity, which is provided with air discharge duct, is connected, to ensure that material to be processed is full of cavity towards mold outer surface one side with spring.
On the basis of the above, the present invention proposes a kind of method of refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix, it is characterized in that: in the large-size cavity of mould and turn to channel surface to apply lubricant, in a large-size cavity, put into material to be extruded therein, and start to load and make the pressurization of main drift, the opposite side passage of mould adopts plug to seal, when material is full of after corner passage, plug progressively moves backward under material pressure effect, in the time that main drift moves to the bottom of large-size cavity, auxiliary punch is loaded and makes it enter corner passage, until material is realized corner completely, then plug is removed, die flip also makes main drift and the material of auxiliary punch aligning through pushing, and repeats above-mentioned steps 3 ~ 5 times.
Related lubricant, refers to graphite-like solid lubricant, is coated on the middle cylindrical hole surface of main drift, plug, mould large-size cavity and channel surface, auxiliary punch and main drift.
The method combines the advantage of reciprocating extrusion method and Equal-channel Angular Pressing method, simple to operate, reliable for effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is present method working process schematic diagram; A) for material to be deformed put into mould, b) be main drift and auxiliary punch synchronous pressing, c) make for auxiliary punch loads that it enters corner passage, d) die flip enters next extrusion cycle, wherein 1 for auxiliary punch, 2 be main drift, 3 for material to be extruded, 4 for mould, 5 be that corner passage, 6 is plug;
Fig. 2 is Al after 4 extruding
2o
3the microstructure of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material.
Specific embodiment
The present invention can implement according to following instance, but is not limited to following instance; The term that used in the present invention, unless there is other explanation, generally has the implication that those of ordinary skill in the art understand conventionally; Should be understood that these embodiment just in order to demonstrate the invention, but not limit the scope of the invention by any way; In following embodiment, various processes and the method do not described in detail are ordinary methods as known in the art.
embodiment 1
The present embodiment is specifically implemented the device and method of refinement aluminum-based in-situ composite materials matrix, and wherein enhanced granule is nanometer Al
2o
3the average grain size of alloy matrix aluminum is 18 μ m, adopt die steel to make a set of extrusion mould, have two corner passages that are mutually diameter that 90o angle connects and are 5mm, length and are 50mm at mould middle part, two corner passages are the large-size cavity of length 50mm diameter 50 mm towards the part of mold outer surface; When use, apply oildag at mould cavity and channel surface, the large-size cavity end of diameter 50 mm is put into Al to be extruded therein
2o
3particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, and start to load and make the pressurization of the main drift of high carbon steel, the opposite side corner passage of mould adopts plug to seal, and when material is full of after corner passage, plug progressively moves backward under material pressure effect; In the time that main drift moves to the large-size cavity bottom of diameter 50 mm, auxiliary punch is loaded, until material is realized corner completely; Then plug is removed, die flip makes drift aim at the material through extruding, repeats above-mentioned steps 3 times.
Fig. 2 is Al after 4 extruding
2o
3the microstructure of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, as can be seen from Figure 2, the average grain size of alloy matrix aluminum is about 5 μ m.
embodiment 2
The present embodiment is specifically implemented the device and method of refinement aluminum-based in-situ composite materials matrix, and wherein enhanced granule is submicron Al
2o
3the average grain size of alloy matrix aluminum is 22 μ m, adopt die steel to make a set of extrusion mould, have two corner passages that are mutually diameter that 90o angle connects and are 10mm, length and are 100mm at mould middle part, two corner passages are the large-size cavity of length 100mm diameter 100 mm towards the part of mold outer surface; When use, apply oildag at mould cavity and channel surface, the large-size cavity end of diameter 100 mm is put into Al to be extruded therein
2o
3particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, and start to load and make the pressurization of the main drift of high carbon steel, the opposite side corner passage of mould adopts plug to seal, and when material is full of after corner passage, plug progressively moves backward under material pressure effect; In the time that main drift moves to the large-size cavity bottom of diameter 100 mm, auxiliary punch is loaded, until material is realized corner completely; Then plug is removed, die flip makes drift aim at the material through extruding, repeats above-mentioned steps 5 times, Al after 6 extruding
2o
3the average grain size of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material matrix is about 4 μ m.
embodiment 3
The present embodiment is specifically implemented the device and method of refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix, wherein enhanced granule is submicron TiC, the average grain size of alloy matrix aluminum is 25 μ m, adopt high-strength ductile cast iron to make a set of extrusion mould, have two corner passages that are mutually diameter that 90o angle connects and are 8mm, length and are 80mm at mould middle part, two corner passages are the large-size cavity of length 70mm diameter 80 mm towards the part of mold outer surface; When use, apply oildag at mould cavity and channel surface, the large-size cavity end of diameter 80 mm is put into TiC particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material to be extruded therein, and start to load and make the pressurization of the main drift of high carbon steel, the opposite side corner passage of mould adopts plug to seal, when material is full of after corner passage, plug progressively moves backward under material pressure effect; In the time that main drift moves to the large-size cavity bottom of diameter 80 mm, auxiliary punch is loaded, until material is realized corner completely; Then plug is removed, die flip makes drift aim at the material through extruding, repeats above-mentioned steps 4 times, and after 5 extruding, the average grain size of TiC particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material matrix is about 6 μ m.
embodiment 4
The present embodiment is specifically implemented the device and method of refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix, wherein enhanced granule is nano TiC, the average grain size of alloy matrix aluminum is 16 μ m, adopt high-strength ductile cast iron to make a set of extrusion mould, have two corner passages that are mutually diameter that 90o angle connects and are 9mm, length and are 100mm at mould middle part, two corner passages are the large-size cavity of length 80mm diameter 100 mm towards the part of mold outer surface; When use, apply oildag at mould cavity and channel surface, the large-size cavity end of diameter 100 mm is put into TiC particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material to be extruded therein, and start to load and make the pressurization of the main drift of high carbon steel, the opposite side corner passage of mould adopts plug to seal, when material is full of after corner passage, plug progressively moves backward under material pressure effect; In the time that main drift moves to the large-size cavity bottom of diameter 100 mm, auxiliary punch is loaded, until material is realized corner completely; Then plug is removed, die flip makes drift aim at the material through extruding, repeats above-mentioned steps 5 times, and after 6 extruding, the average grain size of TiC particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material matrix is about 3 μ m.
Claims (3)
1. the device of a refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix, it is characterized in that: described device is by mould, main drift, auxiliary punch and plug composition, in described mould, have the corner passage that 90o angle is connected that is of two diameters and identical length etc., article two, corner passage is all connected with large-size cavity towards the part of mold outer surface, the length of large-size cavity, equal diameters, one of them large-size cavity is provided with the main drift matching with large-size cavity size, main punch-center part has cylindrical hole, in cylindrical hole, be provided with the auxiliary punch with cylindrical hole dimensional fits, between main drift and corner passage, place material to be extruded, in another large-size cavity, be provided with and the plug of large-size cavity dimensional fits, plug is fixed by spring,
Described mould, refers to the extrusion mould that adopts die steel or high-strength ductile cast iron to make;
The diameter of described two corner passages is that 5 ~ 10mm, length are 50 ~ 100mm;
Described two large-size cavity refer to the cavity that is obviously greater than the corner channel diameter of Equal-channel Angular Pressing at the diameter of mold outer surface opening, its length is determined by the amount of the material of required processing, be 50 ~ 100mm, its diameter is adjusted with the deformation stress of the desired deflection of material to be processed and squeezing device, be 50 ~ 100mm, while requiring material deformation amount large, select larger diameter, the deformation stress of squeezing device hour is selected less diameter;
Described main drift, refers to the high carbon steel right cylinder drift that diameter of section matches with large-size cavity, and its centre portions has the cylindrical hole coordinating with auxiliary punch;
Described auxiliary punch, refers in the middle of main drift, the high carbon steel drift that diameter coordinates with the cylindrical hole of main punch-center part;
Described plug, refers to the high carbon steel right cylinder that diameter of section matches with large-size cavity, which is provided with air discharge duct, is connected, to ensure that material to be processed is full of cavity towards mold outer surface one side with spring.
2. use the method for the device refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix of a kind of refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the large-size cavity of mould and turn to channel surface to apply lubricant, in a large-size cavity, put into material to be extruded therein, and start to load and make the pressurization of main drift, the opposite side passage of mould adopts plug to seal, when material is full of after corner passage, plug progressively moves backward under material pressure effect, in the time that main drift moves to the bottom of large-size cavity, auxiliary punch is loaded and makes it enter corner passage, until material is realized corner completely, then plug is removed, die flip also makes main drift and the material of auxiliary punch aligning through pushing, and repeats above-mentioned steps 3 ~ 5 times.
3. the method for a kind of refinement aluminum matrix composite matrix as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described lubricant, refer to graphite-like solid lubricant, be coated on the middle cylindrical hole surface of main drift, plug, mould large-size cavity and channel surface, auxiliary punch and main drift.
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| CN103866168B (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2015-10-21 | 天津理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of nano-particle reinforcement magnesium base Biocomposite material |
| CN105537305B (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2017-07-28 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Varied section corner extrusion prepares the devices and methods therefor of fine grain |
| CN105478507A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-04-13 | 江西省科学院应用物理研究所 | Method for preparing dispersion strengthened copper-based composites through equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) |
| CN107287538B (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2018-10-02 | 江苏大学 | A kind of method that two passage ECAP processing of combination improves ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy comprehensive performance |
| CN111719060B (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2021-08-27 | 山东源航超轻材料研究院有限公司 | Surface modification of reinforcement for Mg-Li-based composite material and preparation method of prefabricated body of reinforcement |
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| CN1834274A (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2006-09-20 | 东北轻合金有限责任公司 | High surface aluminium strip and its prodn. method |
| CN101733622A (en) * | 2008-11-19 | 2010-06-16 | 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 | Method for producing high-temperature resistant high-strength high-modulus aluminium matrix composite |
| CN102140589A (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2011-08-03 | 山东创新金属科技股份有限公司 | Microalloy smelting process for aluminum-magnesium-silicon aluminum alloy |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1834274A (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2006-09-20 | 东北轻合金有限责任公司 | High surface aluminium strip and its prodn. method |
| CN101733622A (en) * | 2008-11-19 | 2010-06-16 | 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 | Method for producing high-temperature resistant high-strength high-modulus aluminium matrix composite |
| CN102140589A (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2011-08-03 | 山东创新金属科技股份有限公司 | Microalloy smelting process for aluminum-magnesium-silicon aluminum alloy |
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