CN102928878A - Amplitude balance quantitative evaluation method for three-dimensional earthquake observing system - Google Patents
Amplitude balance quantitative evaluation method for three-dimensional earthquake observing system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an amplitude balance quantitative evaluation method for a three-dimensional earthquake observing system. The method comprises leading in data of the three-dimensional earthquake observing system; conducting rearrangement on shot points and demodulator probe information of the data in the three-dimensional earthquake observing system according to surface element positions; calculating amplitude coefficients of each group of shot point and demodulator probe pair in the three-dimensional earthquake observing system; accumulating the calculated amplitude coefficients of each group of shot point and demodulator probe pair of each surface element specific to a target layer and using the accumulated amplitude coefficients to serve as earthquake wave relative amplitude values of each surface element of the target layer; drawing surface element amplitude distribution patterns according to earthquake wave relative amplitude values of each surface element of the target layer; and conducting statistic analysis on the drawn surface element amplitude distribution patterns to conduct quantitative evaluation on surface element amplitude balance. The amplitude balance quantitative evaluation method is applicable to design analysis evaluation of the three-dimensional earthquake observing system at mountainous region rolling topography and provides guarantees for fidelity of mountainous region earthquake collection data.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of 3 D seismic observation system design analysis assessment technique, specifically, relate to a kind of 3 D seismic observation system amplitude equalization quantitative evaluating method.
Background technology
Along with the development of science and technology and improving constantly of national life level, people are increasing to the demand of the energy, and simultaneously under the situation that the plains region resource reduces day by day, development and use mountain region hydrocarbon resources is to solve one of approach that the energy takes over.Western Complex Mountain area is the lower rich accumulation of oil and gas area of degree of prospecting.Because mountain region area earth's surface seismic condition and subsurface geology condition are all very complicated, to seismic exploration equipment and seismic exploration technique require highly, therefore the seismic exploration technique of many routines can't be applicable to the area, mountain region.
Over nearly more than 20 years, the equipment that adapts to the mountain region seismic prospecting is constantly succeeded in developing, and geophysical techniques and computing technique are also constantly progressive, and this has promoted developing rapidly of Mountainous Seismic Exploration Technology, for the oil and gas discovery in Western Mountain area has been brought into play important effect.Mountain region 3D seismic data collection is the basis of seismic prospecting, and the quality of field acquisition data directly has influence on exploration effects, and the Exact Design of acquisition parameter is the key of data collection success.
Now, the mountain region 3D seismic data gathers method for designing just in develop rapidly.On the one hand, focus and the receiver quantity of modern seismic prospecting are increasing sharply, but then, because complicacy and the singularity of mountain region seismic survey work condition and mountain topography, also there is the problem on many theory-method-technologies in existing mountain region method of seismic prospecting.Because the mountain region rugged topography, the focus of seismic prospecting and receiver have obvious elevation difference, cause the irregular distribution of amplitudes of seismic observation system.The unbalanced essence of this seismic observation system amplitude is the noise that relief surface brings, and can directly affect the effect of seismic imaging.With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of mountain region relief surface.The mountain region rugged topography tends to cause the inhomogeneous of seismic observation system sampling, causes the irregular distribution of destination layer seismic wave energy, and common manifestation mode is the irregular amplitude variations illusion of seismic section or the upper different bins position of section.The mountain region rugged topography is one of main factor that affects at present the mountain region Seismic Exploration Effect, and serious mountain region rugged topography can bring serious seismic amplitude illusion, covers or weakens real reflected signal, affects the accuracy of seismic interpretation work.Yet, lack suitable method all the time the order of severity of seismic amplitude illusion effectively assessed.
Therefore, need a kind of 3 D seismic observation system amplitude equalization quantitative evaluating method that is applicable to the mountain region rugged topography.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of 3 D seismic observation system amplitude equalization quantitative evaluating method, described method is resolved by the right amplitude of big gun inspection to 3 D seismic observation system, directly calculate surface relief to the qualitative assessment value of 3 D seismic observation system bin amplitude equalization influence degree, realize the qualitative assessment to whole mountain region 3 D seismic observation system amplitude equalization.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of 3 D seismic observation system amplitude equalization quantitative evaluating method, described method comprises: import the 3 D seismic observation system data; According to the bin position, the shot point in the 3 D seismic observation system data and geophone station information are resequenced; The right amplitude coefficient of each group big gun inspection of Calculation of Three Dimensional seismic observation system; The right amplitude coefficient of each group big gun inspection for each bin of zone of interest position that calculates is added up, with the seismic event relative amplitude value of cumulative amplitude coefficient as each bin of zone of interest position; According to the seismic event relative amplitude value of each bin of zone of interest position, draw the bin distribution of amplitudes figure of zone of interest position; The bin distribution of amplitudes figure that draws is carried out statistical study so that the bin amplitude equalization is carried out qualitative assessment.
The 3 D seismic observation system data can comprise horizontal coordinate and the elevation information of all shot points and geophone station in the 3 D seismic observation system.
The step of rearrangement can comprise: the right middle point coordinate of each group big gun inspection of Calculation of Three Dimensional seismic observation system; The big gun inspection of identical middle point coordinate is formed a bin to putting together; According to the bin position, shot point and the geophone station information of 3 D seismic observation system data are resequenced.
The step of the amplitude coefficient that each group big gun inspection of Calculation of Three Dimensional seismic observation system is right can comprise: consider earthquake wave propagation and reflection process under the relief surface condition of mountain region, come the right amplitude coefficient of each group big gun inspection of Calculation of Three Dimensional seismic observation system.
Can examine right amplitude coefficient by each group big gun of following formula Calculation of Three Dimensional seismic observation system:
Wherein, r is that the shot point mirror point is to the distance of acceptance point, α
1Be the top dielectric velocity of longitudinal wave of zone of interest, α
2Layer dielectric velocity of longitudinal wave for zone of interest.θ
1Be incident longitudinal wave and normal angle, θ
2Be transmitted P-wave and normal angle.
The bin distribution of amplitudes figure that draws is carried out statistical study can be comprised with the step of the bin amplitude equalization being carried out qualitative assessment: the mean square deviation of the bin distribution of amplitudes figure of calculating and plotting, assess surface relief to the influence degree of bin amplitude equalization with mean square deviation.
3 D seismic observation system amplitude equalization quantitative evaluating method of the present invention is particularly useful for the design analysis evaluation to the 3 D seismic observation system of mountain region rugged topography, provide guarantee to improving mountain region earthquake-capturing data fidelity, lay a good foundation for the reliability of migration imaging, oil and gas reservoir prediction, reservoir description under the rugged topography condition of mountain region, have significant application value.
Description of drawings
In conjunction with the drawings, from the following describes of embodiment, the present invention these and/or other side and advantage will become clear, and are easier to understand, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of mountain region relief surface;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram according to 3 D seismic observation system amplitude equalization quantitative evaluating method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is seismic wave propagation schematic diagram under the relief surface condition of mountain region;
Fig. 4 is the 3 D seismic observation system bin distribution of amplitudes figure under as shown in Figure 1 the mountain region relief surface according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Provide with reference to the following description of accompanying drawing to help the complete understanding to the embodiments of the invention that limited by claim and equivalent thereof.Comprise various specific detail help understanding, but that these details only are considered to be is exemplary.Therefore, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize and can make various changes and modifications embodiment described herein in the situation that do not depart from the scope of the present invention and spirit.In addition, for clarity and brevity, omit the description to known function and structure.
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram according to 3 D seismic observation system amplitude equalization quantitative evaluating method of the present invention.
With reference to Fig. 2, in step 201, import the 3 D seismic observation system data.Here, 3 D seismic observation system refers to the laying situation of shot point and geophone station in the earthquake data acquisition, has land and marine standard format.The 3 D seismic observation system data comprise horizontal coordinate and the elevation information of all shot points and geophone station in the 3 D seismic observation system.
In step 202, according to the bin position, the shot point in the 3 D seismic observation system data and geophone station information are resequenced.
Particularly, the step of rearrangement can comprise: the right middle point coordinate of each group big gun inspection of Calculation of Three Dimensional seismic observation system; With the inspection of the big gun of identical middle point coordinate form putting together a bin (that is to say, bin corresponding to the many groups big gun inspection with identical middle point coordinate to); According to the bin position, shot point and the geophone station information of 3 D seismic observation system data are resequenced.Here, shot point and geophone station information can comprise the right property distribution of stereo observing system big gun inspection, for example, and degree of covering, geophone offset and position angle etc.
In step 203, the right amplitude coefficient of each group big gun inspection of Calculation of Three Dimensional seismic observation system.
Particularly, for the mountain region relief surface, the mountain region rugged topography tends to cause the inhomogeneous of 3 D seismic observation system sampling, cause the irregular distribution of destination layer seismic wave energy, common manifestation mode is the irregular amplitude variations illusion of seismic section or the upper different bins position of section.The different bins position seismic wave energy difference that the difference that is in the nature mountain region rugged topography distribution of bin amplitude equalization is brought under the Mountain Conditions.In order to peel off the impact of underground medium factor, analyze independently the mountain region rugged topography to the balanced impact of bin amplitude energy, in an embodiment of the present invention, underground medium situation is simplified, suppose that underground medium is uniform dielectric, be that medium velocity is a steady state value, and only consider the situation of horizontal target layer position.That is to say, in an embodiment of the present invention, consider earthquake wave propagation and reflection process under the relief surface condition of mountain region, come the right amplitude coefficient of each group big gun inspection of Calculation of Three Dimensional seismic observation system.
Fig. 3 is seismic wave propagation schematic diagram under the relief surface condition of mountain region.Can utilize earthquake wave propagation and reflection and transmission energy distribution theoretical, obtain the right amplitude coefficient C of each group big gun inspection:
Wherein, r is that the shot point mirror point is to the distance of acceptance point, α
1Be zone of interest top dielectric velocity of longitudinal wave, α
2Layer dielectric velocity of longitudinal wave for zone of interest.θ
1Be incident longitudinal wave and normal angle, θ
2Be transmitted P-wave and normal angle.
Return with reference to Fig. 2, in step 204, the right amplitude coefficient of each group big gun inspection for each bin of zone of interest position that calculates is added up, with the seismic event relative amplitude value of cumulative amplitude coefficient as each bin of zone of interest position.
In step 205, according to the seismic event relative amplitude value of each bin of zone of interest position, draw the bin distribution of amplitudes figure of zone of interest position.
Fig. 4 is the bin distribution of amplitudes figure of the 3 D seismic observation system under as shown in Figure 1 the mountain region relief surface according to an embodiment of the invention.Corresponding bin position of each point of Fig. 4, coordinate represents respectively the in length and breadth coordinate of bin in length and breadth, and unit is rice.Do not having in the relief surface situation, Fig. 4 should be the unusual slightly banded figure of rule, but because topographic relief, obvious distortion and unevenness have occured in Fig. 4, corresponding to the fluctuating situation of landform.
Return with reference to Fig. 2, in step 206, the bin distribution of amplitudes figure that draws is carried out statistical study so that the bin amplitude equalization is carried out qualitative assessment.
For example, but the mean square deviation of the bin distribution of amplitudes figure of calculating and plotting, thus realize that surface relief is to the quantitative evaluation of bin amplitude equalization influence degree.The mean square deviation that calculates is less, and the expression surface relief is less to bin amplitude equalization influence degree, therefore, can select mean square deviation to assess surface relief to the influence degree of bin amplitude equalization.Should be appreciated that, embodiments of the invention are not limited to select mean square deviation to assess surface relief to the influence degree of bin amplitude equalization, in other embodiments of the invention, also can select other statistical value to assess surface relief to the influence degree of bin amplitude equalization.
For example, can calculate the mean square deviation of bin distribution of amplitudes figure shown in Figure 4, the surface relief that obtains as shown in Figure 1 is 23.6 to the qualitative assessment value of 3 D seismic observation system bin amplitude equalization influence degree.
The invention provides a kind of 3 D seismic observation system amplitude equalization quantitative evaluating method, described method is resolved by the right amplitude of big gun inspection to 3 D seismic observation system, directly calculate surface relief to the qualitative assessment value of 3 D seismic observation system bin amplitude equalization influence degree, realize the qualitative assessment to whole mountain region 3 D seismic observation system amplitude equalization.3 D seismic observation system amplitude equalization quantitative evaluating method of the present invention is particularly useful for the design analysis evaluation to the 3 D seismic observation system of mountain region rugged topography, provide guarantee to improving mountain region earthquake-capturing data fidelity, lay a good foundation for the reliability of migration imaging, oil and gas reservoir prediction, reservoir description under the rugged topography condition of mountain region, have significant application value.
Can come executive basis said method of the present invention according to computer program instructions.Because these programmed instruction can be included in computing machine, application specific processor or able to programme or the specialized hardware, the instruction of therefore carrying out therein can be conducive to the execution of above-mentioned function.As understood by those skilled in the art, computing machine, processor or programmable hardware comprise the memory device that can store or receive software or computer code, and described software or computer code are realized the in the present invention method of description by computing machine, processor or hardware access and execution the time.
Although the present invention is shown and description with reference to its exemplary embodiment, but it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, in the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention that limited by claim and equivalent thereof, can carry out various changes to its form and details.
Claims (6)
1. 3 D seismic observation system amplitude equalization quantitative evaluating method, described method comprises:
Import the 3 D seismic observation system data;
According to the bin position, the shot point in the 3 D seismic observation system data and geophone station information are resequenced;
The right amplitude coefficient of each group big gun inspection of Calculation of Three Dimensional seismic observation system;
The right amplitude coefficient of each group big gun inspection for each bin of zone of interest position that calculates is added up, with the seismic event relative amplitude value of cumulative amplitude coefficient as each bin of zone of interest position;
According to the seismic event relative amplitude value of each bin of zone of interest position, draw the bin distribution of amplitudes figure of zone of interest position;
The bin distribution of amplitudes figure that draws is carried out statistical study so that the bin amplitude equalization is carried out qualitative assessment.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein the 3 D seismic observation system data comprise horizontal coordinate and the elevation information of all shot points and geophone station in the 3 D seismic observation system.
3. the method for claim 1, wherein the step of rearrangement comprises:
The right middle point coordinate of each group big gun inspection of Calculation of Three Dimensional seismic observation system;
The big gun inspection of identical middle point coordinate is formed a bin to putting together;
According to the bin position, shot point and the geophone station information of 3 D seismic observation system data are resequenced.
4. the method for claim 1, wherein the step of the right amplitude coefficient of each group big gun inspection of Calculation of Three Dimensional seismic observation system comprises:
Consider earthquake wave propagation and reflection process under the relief surface condition of mountain region, come the right amplitude coefficient of each group big gun inspection of Calculation of Three Dimensional seismic observation system.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, wherein, by the right amplitude coefficient of each group big gun inspection of following formula Calculation of Three Dimensional seismic observation system:
Wherein, r be the shot point mirror point to the distance of acceptance point, α 1 is the top dielectric velocity of longitudinal wave of zone of interest, α 2 is the layer dielectric velocity of longitudinal wave of zone of interest.θ 1 is incident longitudinal wave and normal angle, θ
2Be transmitted P-wave and normal angle.
6. the method for claim 1, wherein the bin distribution of amplitudes figure that draws being carried out statistical study comprises with the step of the bin amplitude equalization being carried out qualitative assessment:
The mean square deviation of the bin distribution of amplitudes figure of calculating and plotting is assessed surface relief to the influence degree of bin amplitude equalization with mean square deviation.
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| CN103454681A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2013-12-18 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司地球物理勘探公司 | Method and equipment for evaluating imaging effect of three-dimensional earthquake observing system |
| CN103885084A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2014-06-25 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method and device for acquiring near-surface absorption parameters |
| CN104597493A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2015-05-06 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Observation system variable-layout design evaluation method and observation system variable-layout design evaluation device based on actual seismic data |
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| CN104267434B (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2017-01-11 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Three-dimensional multi-component earthquake observation system geophone offset distribution obtaining method and device |
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| CN105137479A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-12-09 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Method and device for calculating number of coverage times of surface elements |
| CN105372706A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-03-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Seismic oscillation amplitude modulation index and amplitude modulation coefficient evaluation method |
| CN108732642A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2018-11-02 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | observation system evaluation method based on similarity analysis |
| CN112782758A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-05-11 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | State determination method and device for sparse sampling observation system |
| CN112782758B (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2024-06-25 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | State determination method and device for sparse sampling observation system |
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