CN101173989A - Quantitative analysis method for earthquake-capturing three-dimensional observation system - Google Patents
Quantitative analysis method for earthquake-capturing three-dimensional observation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a quantitative analysis method of three-dimensional seismic acquisition observation system for oil exploration, which is characterized in that a plurality of face-element maps of the three-dimensional observation system are acquired, the transverse distribution evenness of the face-element lower perpendicular line segment is used as distribution evenness P of face-element internal shot-geophone distance and calculated using the following formula 1: P=1- (S(actual)-S(theory))/S((theory))X100%; then face-element internal shot-geophone distance of spider line segment of the three-dimensional observation system is divided into a longitudinal-front quadrant, a longitudinal-rear quadrant, a transverse-left quadrant and a transverse-right quadrant within azimuth of 360 degrees in transverse and longitudinal direction and calculated respectively; the optimal system can be realized when distribution evenness P of face-element internal shot-geophone distance is nearly 100% and the face-element coverage distribution ratio is nearly 1. The invention has the advantages that quantitative analysis is adopted for face-element distribution of three-dimensional observation system, which changes analysis method of artificial qualification and provides quantification basis for three-dimensional observation system, therefore, the three-dimensional observation system is more scientific and objective.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil seismic exploration stereo observing system design field, specifically a kind of quantitative analysis method for earthquake-capturing three-dimensional observation system.
Background technology
The stereo observing system that adopts in oil seismic exploration refers to observe on a plane of vision, to obtain the subsurface geological structure three dimensions feature of the Z direction on directions X and the Y direction and the vertical face of land in the plane, mainly be the system of description shot point and acceptance point spatial relation and logical relation.In oil seismic exploration, the selection of stereo observing system not only affects exploration investment, and the seismic prospecting precision is also had material impact, is directly connected to the success or not of seismic prospecting.
According to PRINCIPLE OF SEISMIC PROSPECTING WITH, in a selected three-dimensional work area, can determine the range of choice of stereo observing system parameter according to known geophysical parameters and exploration investment, a plurality of stereo observing system parameters can be combined into multiple stereo observing system.The stereo observing system that is combined into all has and satisfies the ability that exploration requires, and how selecting to finish exploration, to require the highest stereo observing system of ability be exactly the preferred process of recording geometry design.
When designing, conventional stereo observing system, generates different bin attribute maps according to different recording geometry parameters based on the seismic prospecting ray theory.The bin attribute that comprises each bin in institute's bin attribute map: geophone offset size distribution and direction distribution (accompanying drawing 1), after the stereo observing system parameter is determined, full areal coverage maximum offset and minimum geophone offset are also definite, and desirable geophone offset distributes and should evenly distribute as accompanying drawing 2 to maximum offset from minimum geophone offset.Geophone offset distributes and influenced from childhood to being the certain rule distribution greatly as accompanying drawing 3 by recording geometry parameter, recording geometry form, rolling etc. in the actual bin.When analyzing three-dimensional recording geometry good and bad, two major criterions are arranged: 1. contrast the degree of uniformity that the vertical line segment of bin attributed graph right lower quadrant distributes in the horizontal, 2. contrast the degree of uniformity that the arachnoid line segment in the middle of the bin attributed graph distributes on circumference.
For a long time, pass through to show the bin attribute of different recording geometrys during analysis, by people's the qualitative contrast bin of experience property distribution whether evenly (mainly consider in the bin geophone offset be evenly distributed in degree, the bin degree of covering laterally with distribution proportion, bin longitudinally in laterally a geophone offset left side and right distribution proportion), as the recording geometry a in the accompanying drawing 1, recording geometry b and c distribute comparatively approaching; Recording geometry c is the most even, and recording geometry a and b distribute comparatively approaching, recording geometry c optimum in three kinds of recording geometrys.
This qualitative way of contrast can not meticulous reflection recording geometry the influence degree of geometric distributions opposite meta-attribute, particularly the human factor influence is bigger.For example, be unfavorable for the selection of recording geometry because the distribution of arachnoid line segment on circumference of recording geometry a and b owing to more approaching, is difficult to judge that system is more evenly distributed.
The content of invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of degree of uniformity to geophone offset size distribution and azimuthal distribution to quantize, and accurately the quantitative analysis method for earthquake-capturing three-dimensional observation system of the degree of uniformity of bin attribute is judged in the quantification contrast.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of quantitative analysis method for earthquake-capturing three-dimensional observation system adopts conventional method to obtain a plurality of stereo observing system bin attribute maps of the full areal coverage of earthquake-capturing, realizes according to the following steps:
1) will explain the vertical line segment in the bin attribute bottom degree that is evenly distributed in the horizontal calculates as geophone offset distribution consistency degree P in the bin and with following formula 1:
In the formula 1: S
RealEnvelope formation area during laterally equidistant even distributions of actual geophone offset, S
ReasonDesirable geophone offset distribution envelope forms area;
2) geophone offset in the stereo observing system arachnoid line segment bin is divided into vertical preceding, vertical back, a horizontal left side and right 4 quadrants of horizontal stroke according to longitudinal direction and horizontal direction in 360 ° of position angles;
3) with angle, bin interior orientation distribution range on a horizontal left side and horizontal right degree of covering sum and azimuthal distribution scope before vertical and the degree of covering sum after indulging compare and obtain in the bin degree of covering horizontal vertical ratio that distributes;
4) with in the bin laterally the geophone offset distribution consistency degree compare with vertical geophone offset distribution consistency degree, obtain in the bin geophone offset horizontal vertical ratio that distributes;
5) geophone offset distribution consistency degree before indulging in the bin is contrasted with indulging back geophone offset distribution consistency degree, obtain vertically comparing before and after the geophone offset distribution in the bin;
6), obtain comparing about laterally geophone offset distributes in the bin with horizontal left geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin and horizontal right geophone offset distribution consistency degree contrast;
7) calculating of different earthquake capturing three-dimensional observation system bin attribute map is compared, preferably wherein:
Geophone offset distribution consistency degree P is near 100% in the bin;
The degree of covering distribution is horizontal in the bin indulges than ratio near 1;
The geophone offset distribution consistency degree is horizontal in the bin indulges than ratio near 1;
In the bin vertically before and after the geophone offset distribution consistency degree than ratio near 1;
In the bin laterally about the geophone offset distribution consistency degree than ratio near 1.
The present invention also adopts following technical scheme:
In the described bin laterally the geophone offset distribution consistency degree with vertical geophone offset distribution consistency degree be: be distributed in vertical before and the big gun inspection in vertical latter two quadrant to for vertical big gun inspection right, with the geophone offset size from little be vertical degree of covering to big series arrangement quantity, distribute relatively with the standard geophone offset of identical degree of covering, calculate vertical geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin with formula 1, equally, the big gun inspection that is distributed in a horizontal left side and horizontal right two quadrants is combined, calculates horizontal geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin with formula 1.
In the described bin vertical before the geophone offset distribution consistency degree with vertical back geophone offset distribution consistency degree be: will be distributed in vertical before in the quadrant the big gun inspection to the geophone offset size from little to big series arrangement, quantity is degree of covering before vertical, relatively calculate vertical preceding geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin with the standard geophone offset distribution of identical degree of covering with formula 1, equally, calculate vertical back geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin with formula 1.
Horizontal left geophone offset distribution consistency degree with horizontal right geophone offset distribution consistency degree is in the described bin: will be distributed in big gun in the horizontal left quadrant examine to the geophone offset size from little to big series arrangement, quantity is for doing horizontal left degree of covering, relatively calculate horizontal left geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin with the standard geophone offset distribution of identical degree of covering with formula 1, equally, calculate horizontal right geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin with formula 1.
The present invention can be quantitative the given stereo observing system bin of analysis in geophone offset and azimuthal distribution, changed in the past according to the artificial analytical approach qualitatively of geophone offset, position angle map in the bin, make stereo observing system select that the foundation of quantification is arranged, thereby make stereo observing system select science, objective more.
Use the present invention, in the area that zone of interest is hidden oil based on carbonatite dissolution pore, solution cavity, arrange the sheet rolling distance 3 selections are arranged: rolling 300m, rolling 600m, rolling 900m, the mean value that can count five parameters to the recording geometry quantitative analysis compares (table 1).
The different recording geometry quantification of table 1 contrast table
The different as can be seen recording geometry parameters of contrast table are to the influence of geophone offset in the bin and azimuthal distribution, after the non-advance of maximum and rolling distance reduce, the geophone offset distribution consistency degree shows that the geophone offset distribution is more even in the full areal coverage, laterally left and right sides geophone offset distributes also more evenly, but geophone offset then reduces along with rolling distance and reduces to uniformity coefficient in length and breadth to uniformity coefficient and degree of covering in length and breadth.On the basis of the quantized value of above five parameters, the rolling 300m scheme that can conveniently select to arrange sheet rolling distance optimum.
Description of drawings
Three qualitative comparison diagrams of different bin attributes of a, b, c that Fig. 1 uses for the stereo observing system contrast;
Fig. 2 is a desirable geophone offset distribution schematic diagram in the bin;
Fig. 3 is an actual geophone offset distribution schematic diagram in the bin;
Fig. 4 is angle, a bin of the present invention interior orientation subregion synoptic diagram.
Mode during concrete enforcement
The present invention by degree of covering in geophone offset distribution consistency degree, the bin in the full areal coverage bin of stereo observing system distribute in the horizontal vertical ratio of geophone offset distribution consistency degree in horizontal vertical ratio, the bin, the bin vertically before and after the geophone offset distribution consistency degree than in, the bin laterally about the geophone offset distribution consistency degree than determining optimum recording geometry.
The interior geophone offset distribution consistency degree of bin can quantize to explain the degree of uniformity that the vertical line segment of bin attributed graph right lower quadrant distributes in the horizontal, and the interior degree of covering of bin distributes and explains the degree of uniformity that the middle arachnoid line segments of attributed graphs distribute at circumference than four parameters from four aspects quantifications about horizontal vertical ratio, the interior horizontal vertical ratio of geophone offset distribution consistency degree of bin, the interior vertically geophone offset distribution consistency degree of bin front and back ratio, the interior horizontal geophone offset distribution consistency degree of bin.Contrast the quantized value of different stereo observing systems, the quality of the different recording geometrys of quantitative analysis in these five parameters.
Five parameters have been represented the ability size of this stereo observing system accurate description anisotropy geology target in the lithology exploration, and the ability of describing anisotropy geology target is big more, and surveying accuracy is just high more.
The present invention adopts conventional method to obtain a plurality of stereo observing system bin attribute maps of the full areal coverage of earthquake-capturing, realizes according to the following steps then:
1) geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin
After the stereo observing system parameter was determined, full areal coverage maximum offset and minimum geophone offset were also definite, and desirable geophone offset distributes and should evenly distribute as accompanying drawing 2 to maximum offset from minimum geophone offset.Geophone offset distributes and influenced from childhood to being the certain rule distribution greatly as Fig. 3 by recording geometry parameter, recording geometry form, rolling etc. in the actual bin.
The definition of geophone offset distribution consistency degree: each geophone offset in the actual distribution geophone offset rearranges according to ideal distribution geophone offset horizontal level, and its envelope forms area S
RealForm area S with the ideal distribution envelope
ReasonHave certain area difference, area difference is big more, and its geophone offset distributes just inhomogeneous more.Be defined as follows:
It is just even more that on behalf of its geophone offset, the geophone offset distribution consistency degree distribute near 100% more.
2) the degree of covering horizontal vertical ratio that distributes in the bin
After the stereo observing system parameter was determined, geophone offset distributed in 360 ° of position angles according to certain rules in the bin.Can be divided into 4 quadrants according to longitudinal direction and horizontal direction: (Fig. 4) seen on vertical preceding, vertical back, a horizontal left side and the horizontal right side.
Degree of covering distributes horizontal vertical than definition in the bin: angle, bin interior orientation distribution range is horizontal degree of covering at horizontal left and horizontal right degree of covering, the azimuthal distribution scope before vertical and the degree of covering after vertical be vertical degree of covering, the ratio of horizontal degree of covering and vertical degree of covering is the degree of covering horizontal vertical ratio that distributes in the bin.Ratio is to represent that the different directions degree of covering evenly distributed at 1 o'clock.
3) the geophone offset horizontal vertical ratio that distributes in the bin
Be distributed in vertical before and the big gun inspection in vertical latter two quadrant to regard as vertical big gun inspection to the geophone offset size from little to big series arrangement, its quantity can be regarded vertical degree of covering as, according to geophone offset distribution consistency degree definition in the bin, relatively can calculate vertical geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin with the standard geophone offset distribution of identical degree of covering.Equally the big gun inspection that is distributed in two quadrants in the horizontal left and horizontal right side is combined and also can calculates horizontal geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin.
Geophone offset distributes horizontal vertical than definition in the bin: after the stereo observing system parameter is determined, and laterally the geophone offset distribution consistency degree and the vertical ratio of geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin.Ratio be represented in 1 o'clock vertical geophone offset and laterally geophone offset distribute consistently, promptly geophone offset is equally distributed on vertical and horizontal.
4) ratio before and after vertically geophone offset distributes in the bin
Be distributed in vertical before in the quadrant the big gun inspection to the geophone offset size from little to big series arrangement, its quantity can be regarded vertical preceding degree of covering as, according to geophone offset distribution consistency degree definition in the bin, relatively can calculate vertical preceding geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin with the standard geophone offset distribution of identical degree of covering.Also can calculate vertical back geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin to the big gun inspection that is distributed in vertical back quadrant equally.
Ratio definition before and after vertical geophone offset distributes in the bin: after the stereo observing system parameter is definite, vertical preceding geophone offset distribution consistency degree and the ratio of indulging back geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin.Ratio is to represent vertically to go up the geophone offset geophone offset at 1 o'clock to distribute consistently, and promptly geophone offset is equally distributed on former and later two directions.
5) ratio about laterally geophone offset distributes in the bin
Be distributed in the horizontal left quadrant big gun inspection to the geophone offset size from little to big series arrangement, its quantity can be regarded horizontal left degree of covering as, according to geophone offset distribution consistency degree definition in the bin, relatively can calculate horizontal left geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin with the standard geophone offset distribution of identical degree of covering.Also can calculate horizontal right geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin to the big gun inspection that is distributed in horizontal right quadrant equally.
Ratio definition about laterally geophone offset distributes in the bin: after the stereo observing system parameter is determined, the ratio of horizontal left geophone offset distribution consistency degree and horizontal right geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin.Ratio is that to represent that transversely the geophone offset geophone offset distributes at 1 o'clock consistent, and promptly geophone offset is equally distributed on the both direction of the left and right sides.
After given different recording geometry parameter, can calculate five quantized values of each bin according to five parameters of above definition, these five quantized values have been represented the geophone offset size distribution of this bin and the degree of uniformity that different directions distributes, and can count the mean value of five parameters of full areal coverage on this basis.The mean value that contrasts five parameters of different stereo observing systems just can quantitative test go out the degree of uniformity of interior geophone offset size distribution of the full areal coverage bin of different stereo observing systems and different directions distribution, thereby selects the recording geometry of degree of uniformity the highest (it is the strongest to solve geologic objective anisotropy ability).
Claims (4)
1. a quantitative analysis method for earthquake-capturing three-dimensional observation system adopts conventional method to obtain a plurality of stereo observing system bin attribute maps of the full areal coverage of earthquake-capturing, it is characterized in that realizing according to the following steps:
1) will explain the vertical line segment in the bin attribute bottom degree that is evenly distributed in the horizontal calculates as geophone offset distribution consistency degree P in the bin and with following formula 1:
In the formula 1: S
RealEnvelope formation area during laterally equidistant even distributions of actual geophone offset, S
ReasonDesirable geophone offset distribution envelope forms area;
2) geophone offset in the stereo observing system arachnoid line segment bin is divided into vertical preceding, vertical back, a horizontal left side and right 4 quadrants of horizontal stroke according to longitudinal direction and horizontal direction in 360 ° of position angles;
3) with angle, bin interior orientation distribution range on a horizontal left side and horizontal right degree of covering sum and azimuthal distribution scope before vertical and the degree of covering sum after indulging compare and obtain in the bin degree of covering horizontal vertical ratio that distributes;
4) with in the bin laterally the geophone offset distribution consistency degree compare with vertical geophone offset distribution consistency degree, obtain in the bin geophone offset horizontal vertical ratio that distributes;
5) geophone offset distribution consistency degree before indulging in the bin is contrasted with indulging back geophone offset distribution consistency degree, obtain vertically comparing before and after the geophone offset distribution in the bin;
6), obtain comparing about laterally geophone offset distributes in the bin with horizontal left geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin and horizontal right geophone offset distribution consistency degree contrast;
7) calculating of different earthquake capturing three-dimensional observation system bin attribute map is compared, preferably wherein:
Geophone offset distribution consistency degree P is near 100% in the bin;
The degree of covering distribution is horizontal in the bin indulges than ratio near 1;
The geophone offset distribution consistency degree is horizontal in the bin indulges than ratio near 1;
In the bin vertically before and after the geophone offset distribution consistency degree than ratio near 1;
In the bin laterally about the geophone offset distribution consistency degree than ratio near 1.
2. quantitative analysis method for earthquake-capturing three-dimensional observation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the described bin that horizontal geophone offset distribution consistency degree and vertical geophone offset distribution consistency degree are: be distributed in vertical before and the big gun inspection in vertical latter two quadrant to for vertical big gun inspection right, with the geophone offset size from little be vertical degree of covering to big series arrangement quantity, distribute relatively with the standard geophone offset of identical degree of covering, calculate vertical geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin with formula 1, equally, the big gun inspection that is distributed in a horizontal left side and horizontal right two quadrants is combined, calculates horizontal geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin with formula 1.
3. quantitative analysis method for earthquake-capturing three-dimensional observation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the described bin vertical before the geophone offset distribution consistency degree with vertical back geophone offset distribution consistency degree be: will be distributed in vertical before in the quadrant the big gun inspection to the geophone offset size from little to big series arrangement, quantity is degree of covering before vertical, relatively calculate vertical preceding geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin with the standard geophone offset distribution of identical degree of covering with formula 1, equally, calculate vertical back geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin with formula 1.
4. quantitative analysis method for earthquake-capturing three-dimensional observation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that horizontal left geophone offset distribution consistency degree with horizontal right geophone offset distribution consistency degree is in the described bin: will be distributed in big gun in the horizontal left quadrant examine to the geophone offset size from little to big series arrangement, quantity is for doing horizontal left degree of covering, relatively calculate horizontal left geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin with the standard geophone offset distribution of identical degree of covering with formula 1, equally, calculate horizontal right geophone offset distribution consistency degree in the bin with formula 1.
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| CN105425294B (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2018-01-05 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | The determination method and apparatus of acquisition footprint |
| CN106855635A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-06-16 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | A kind of method and apparatus of the bin attributes information for determining orthogonal observation system |
| CN110389392A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-10-29 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of observation system evaluation method based on geophone offset vector |
| CN110579799A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-12-17 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Seismic acquisition observation method and system with equal travel time intervals |
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