CN102928572A - Hydraulic-lifting self-weight loading device for landslide physical model test - Google Patents
Hydraulic-lifting self-weight loading device for landslide physical model test Download PDFInfo
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- CN102928572A CN102928572A CN2012104142587A CN201210414258A CN102928572A CN 102928572 A CN102928572 A CN 102928572A CN 2012104142587 A CN2012104142587 A CN 2012104142587A CN 201210414258 A CN201210414258 A CN 201210414258A CN 102928572 A CN102928572 A CN 102928572A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic-lifting self-weight loading device for a landslide physical model test. The hydraulic-lifting self-weight loading device for a landslide physical model test comprises a base, a lifting mechanism, an angle adjustment mechanism and a thrust loading mechanism. The lifting mechanism is arranged on the base. An upper end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the angle adjustment mechanism. The angle adjustment mechanism comprises a support plate, a sliding panel and an upper hydraulic expansion link. The support plate is connected to the upper end of the lifting mechanism. A front end of the support plate is hinged to a front end of the sliding panel by a rotation shaft. A lower end of the upper hydraulic expansion link is fixed to the support plate and an upper end of the upper hydraulic expansion link supports the bottom of the sliding panel. Through expansion of the upper hydraulic expansion link, an included angle between the support plate and the sliding panel can be elastically adjusted. The thrust loading mechanism comprises a loading platform for bearing heavy items. The bottom surface of the loading platform is in a slip fit relationship with the top surface of the sliding panel and the loading platform can slide forward or backward along the sliding panel. The hydraulic-lifting self-weight loading device for a landslide physical model test can conveniently and fast adjust a value and a direction of a thrust force on a trailing edge of a landslide physical model, makes a thrust force accord with actual edge conditions and provides a stable loading force.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geologic hazard model test field, refer to particularly a kind of landslide physical experiments hydraulic lift deadweight charger.
Background technology
The landslide physical experiments belongs to the category of geomechanical model test, its theory originates from the structural model test of early in the twentieth century setting up, and develops gradually at present and extended many research directions such as the on-the-spot model test in landslide, landslide floor friction model test, landslide architecture model test, landslide centrifugal model test and landslide unified model test.Wherein, landslide architecture model test refers in common gravity field, by adopt the analog material analogue formation that satisfies criterion of similarity in the frame model groove, satisfies at model in the situation of Main Boundaries conditional likelihood and measures its distortion and each mechanics parameters.This test can be observed the motion feature of gliding mass in sliding process intuitively, and the parameters such as the stress on acquisition landslide that also can be quantitative, strain, displacement can be illustrated the mechanism that breed on the landslide from the angle of quantitative and qualitative analysis.
Under the architecture model test condition of landslide, the landslide physical model generally is to deform under the force conditions outside or destroy.The major way of External Force Acting has: the seismic event of mechanical shock or blasting from simulation; Change the seepage effect that framework water level inside altitude simulation water level fluctuation of reservoir causes; Seepage effect under the rainfall simulator simulated rainfall conditions; The mode of artificial preloading provides Thrust of Landslide at landslide physical model trailing edge; Trailing edge is arranged steel plate on the landslide, applies Thrust of Landslide etc. under hydraulic jack or the effect of MTS hydraulic servo thrust device.
Wherein, the mode for landslide physical model trailing edge applied thrust also exists following limitation or defective:
(1) thrust of existing landslide physical model trailing edge loads and control system often complex structure, complex operation, is difficult to satisfy fast, landslide trailing edge thrust stable, that continue loads requirement;
(2) although the existing mode of artificial preloading that adopts can apply stable acting force at the landslide trailing edge, size and the direction of Thrust of Landslide is difficult to accurate control, the boundary condition of the external force that applies does not conform to the actual conditions.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention just provides a kind of landslide physical experiments hydraulic lift deadweight charger, can adjust easily and quickly the thrust size and Orientation of landslide physical model trailing edge, the thrust that applies is consistent with actual boundary condition, and loading force is stable.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of landslide provided by the invention physical experiments hydraulic lift deadweight charger comprises base, elevating mechanism, angle adjusting mechanism and thrust load maintainer; Described elevating mechanism is positioned on the base, and elevating mechanism upper end connection angle governor motion is used for driving the lifting of angle adjusting mechanism; Described angle adjusting mechanism comprises back up pad, slidable panels and top hydraulically extensible bar, back up pad is connected with the upper end of elevating mechanism, the front end of back up pad and the front end of slidable panels are hinged by rotation axis, the bottom that lower end and back up pad are fixed, the upper end is supported in slidable panels of described top hydraulically extensible bar is used for by the telescopic adjustment back up pad of top hydraulically extensible bar and the angle between the slidable panels; Described thrust load maintainer comprises the weighted platform for the carrying weight, the bottom surface of weighted platform with the end face of slidable panels is slidingly matched, can slip before and after the slidable panels.
In the technique scheme, the bottom surface of described weighted platform is provided with some row's chutes, the end face of described slidable panels has corresponding some round grooves, and ball is set in the hole slot, and the bottom surface of weighted platform and the end face of slidable panels are slidingly matched by described chute and ball.
In the technique scheme, the rear end of described weighted platform is provided with mortise lock, is used for the temporary fixed of weighted platform and slidable panels.
In the technique scheme, have one group of draw-in groove on the described back up pad, be used for top hydraulically extensible bar diverse location fixing on back up pad.Purpose is to adjust the scope of angle for selectable change, is used for adjusting wide-angle when top hydraulically extensible bar is arranged at anterior draw-in groove, is used for adjusting low-angle when being arranged at the draw-in groove at rear portion.
In the technique scheme, described back up pad is connected with the upper end of elevating mechanism by the back up pad draw-in groove; The upper end of described back up pad draw-in groove and elevating mechanism is fixed, and back up pad is positioned at the back up pad draw-in groove, can slides to adjust the back up pad position before and after the back up pad draw-in groove.
In the technique scheme, described top hydraulically extensible bar is hydraulic jack.
In the technique scheme, described elevating mechanism is double shear fork elevating mechanism; Double shear fork elevating mechanism comprises two groups of scissors forks and bottom hydraulically extensible bar, and every group of scissors pitched and cut the bearing pin of yoke by the middle part by two and connect and compose, and cuts for two and also is provided with some bars that reinforce the connection between the yoke; The scissors fork upper end of top is connected with angle adjusting mechanism, the lower end is hinged on pitching with the scissors of below, the scissors fork rear portion, lower end of below is fixed on the base by rotating shaft, and the scissors fork front portion, lower end of below contacts with base, can slide before and after base by pulley; The bar that reinforces the connection of the upper end of described bottom hydraulically extensible bar and top scissors fork is hinged, and the lower end of bottom hydraulically extensible bar and the below scissors fork bar that reinforces the connection upper, the pulley position place is hinged.
Further, described bottom hydraulically extensible bar is hydraulic jack.
In the technique scheme, described rotation axis place is equipped with angle dial, is used for the reading of angle between back up pad and the slidable panels.
In the technique scheme, described base below is provided with the several rows travelling wheel.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) this charger can be applicable to come down architecture model test by the controlled loading simulation of the trailing edge dead-weight inner thrust that comes down, realizes the research of the non-complete geomechanics model in landslide, has reduced greatly the making intensity of complete geomechanics model;
(2) this deadweight charger is simple in structure, and the equipment that the traditional employing hydraulic jack of easy operating, loading procedure etc. directly loads is more stable;
(3) this deadweight charger has been realized loading highly and continuous, accurate, the Sustainable Control of load angle by two groups of hydraulically extensible bars, so that the thrust that applies and actual boundary condition meet well;
(4) this deadweight charger is applicable to the landslide physical model thrust loading of differing heights, need not to make one by one the charger of differing heights for the Landslide Model of different sliding surface height;
(5) this deadweight charger is applicable to the Landslide Model of different sliding surface angles, need not to make one by one the charger of different angles;
(6) end face of the bottom surface of weighted platform and slidable panels has reduced the frictional resistance effect in the weighted platform downslide process greatly by the use that is slidingly matched of chute and ball in this deadweight charger, effectively converts gravity load to thrust;
(7) rear end of weighted platform is provided with mortise lock in this deadweight charger, has realized easily the temporary fixed of weighted platform and slidable panels;
(8) in the test by adjusting the quality of weighted platform top weight, can realize coming down the physical model trailing edge not the same period subordinate load hierarchical loading;
(9) this deadweight charger is as an independent system, and with landslide physical model framework apart, durability is good, reusable;
(10) because this bulking block intensity is high, rigidity is large, it is very little that the possibility destroyed appears in member once in a while, even if occur damagedly, also is easy to repair or change;
(11) movement and the transportation of whole device are convenient in the setting of base bottom row travelling wheel;
(12) this deadweight charger can be widely used in the thrust loading in the type geomechanical model tests such as comprising landslide o earth slope, rock matter landslide, has a extensive future remarkable in economical benefits.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the front view of Fig. 1 device.
Fig. 3 is the rear view of Fig. 1 device.
Fig. 4 is the left view of Fig. 1 device.
Fig. 5 is the postrotational vertical view of Fig. 1 device.
Fig. 6 is the use view of Fig. 1 application of installation when the architecture model test of landslide.
Among the figure: 1-weighted platform, 2-mortise lock, 3-chute, 4-ball, 5-rotation axis, 6-slidable panels, 7-top hydraulic jack, 8-lifting jack draw-in groove, 9-back up pad, 10-back up pad draw-in groove, 11-set bolt, 12-cut yoke, 13-bearing pin, the 14-bar that reinforces the connection, 15-bottom hydraulic jack, 16-hydraulic jack oil push tube, 17-pulley, 18-base, 19-road wheel, 20-test framework, 21-sliding bed, 22-gliding mass, 23-sliding band.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the invention are described in further detail.
To shown in Figure 5, a kind of landslide of the present invention physical experiments hydraulic lift deadweight charger comprises base 18, elevating mechanism, angle adjusting mechanism and thrust load maintainer, and is as follows specifically such as Fig. 1.
Elevating mechanism is positioned on the base 18, and the elevating mechanism of present embodiment is double shear fork elevating mechanism, and it comprises two groups of scissors forks and bottom hydraulically extensible bar.Every group of scissors fork is cut the bearing pin 13 of yoke 12 by the middle part by two and is connected and composed, and cuts for two and also is provided with some bars 14 that reinforce the connection between the yoke 12.The scissors fork upper end of top is connected with angle adjusting mechanism, the lower end is hinged on pitching with the scissors of below, the scissors fork rear portion, lower end of below is fixed on the base 18 by rotating shaft, and the scissors of below fork lower end is anterior to be contacted with base 18, can slide along base 18 front and back by pulley 17.The bottom hydraulically extensible bar of present embodiment is bottom hydraulic jack 15.The bar 14 that reinforces the connection of the upper end of bottom hydraulic jack 15 and top scissors fork is hinged, and the lower end of bottom hydraulic jack 15 and the below scissors fork bar 14 that reinforces the connection upper, pulley 17 positions is hinged.By stretching of bottom hydraulic jack 15, double shear fork elevating mechanism can drive the lifting of angle adjusting mechanism.
The angle adjusting mechanism of present embodiment comprises back up pad draw-in groove 10, back up pad 9, slidable panels 6 and top hydraulically extensible bar.Back up pad draw-in groove 10 is fixing with the scissors fork upper end, top of above-mentioned elevating mechanism, and back up pad 9 is positioned at back up pad draw-in groove 10, can slides along back up pad draw-in groove 10 front and back, and is after back up pad 9 is adjusted to correct position, fixing with set bolt 11.The front end of the front end of back up pad 9 and slidable panels 6 is hinged by rotation axis 5.The top hydraulically extensible bar of present embodiment is top hydraulic jack 7, the lower end of top hydraulic jack 7 and the bottom that back up pad 9 is fixed, the upper end is supported in slidable panels 6, by the flexible adjustable support plate 9 of top hydraulic jack 7 and the angle between the slidable panels 6, sliding with different landslide, 23 inclination angles to be applicable to.Angle dial (the not shown in the figures meaning out) is installed at rotation axis 5 places, can carries out the reading of angle between back up pad 9 and the slidable panels 6.Have one group of lifting jack draw-in groove 8 in back up pad 9, can be used for top hydraulic jack 7 diverse location fixing on back up pad 9.
The thrust load maintainer of present embodiment comprises that the inclination angle of weighted platform 1 bottom surface should be with 23 inclination angles identical with the cunning of Landslide Model for the weighted platform 1 of carrying weight.The bottom surface of weighted platform 1 is provided with some row's chutes 3, the end face of above-mentioned slidable panels 6 has corresponding some round grooves, ball 4 is set in the hole slot, and the end face of the bottom surface of weighted platform 1 and slidable panels 6 is slidingly matched by chute 3 and ball 4, and weighted platform 1 is slided along slidable panels 6 front and back.The end face of weighted platform 1 is surface level or concavity, be used for the object of carrying after demarcating weight, make it under the deadweight condition, to glide along slidable panels 6 with weighted platform 1, act on the Landslide Model by weighted platform 1 front panel, and more than cover preloading gravity provide corresponding horizontal loading along the component of slidable panels 6 horizontal directions.Rear end at weighted platform 1 also is provided with mortise lock 2, is used for device and uses the temporary fixed of front weighted platform 1 and slidable panels 6.
Above-mentioned top hydraulic jack 7 and bottom hydraulic jack 15 are connected with respectively hydraulic jack oil push tube 16, by the external hydraulic control system two hydraulic jack 7,15 stroke are controlled.
The roughly process of architecture model test of applying the present invention to come down is:
One, early-stage preparations
1, for Research Requirements, according to the principle of similitude, drafts the landslide scale model after generalization; Take the analog material test findings as standard, respectively the sliding bed 21 of preparation, slidingly be with 23, gliding mass 22 analog materials.Adopt the analog material that preparation is even, water percentage is constant to make Landslide Model according to the landslide scale model spatial shape of drafting;
2, measure Landslide Model trailing edge cunning with 23 inclination angle, make corresponding weighted platform 1;
Two, the adjusting of device is with fixing
3, deadweight charger of the present invention is pushed into the assigned address of test framework 20, and over against the landslide trailing edge, the road wheel 19 of deadweight charger bottom is locked fixing;
4, regulate the stroke of bottom hydraulic jack 15 by the external hydraulic control system, back up pad 9 is risen highly gradually, when the cunning on back up pad 9 height and landslide is with 23 to stop to apply oil pressure when highly consistent and maintenance is fixed;
5, the position of horizontal adjustment back up pad 9 makes back up pad 9 be with 23 just to contact with landslide trailing edge cunning, and is by set bolt 11 that back up pad 9 is fixing;
6, according to the inclination angle of sliding with 23, select suitable lifting jack draw-in groove 8 in back up pad 9, and in lifting jack draw-in groove 8 interior placement top hydraulic jack 7;
7, regulate the stroke of top hydraulic jack 7 by the external hydraulic control system, and then reach the purpose at the inclination angle that changes slidable panels 6.In this process, the suggestion inclination angle that the setting angle index dial reads slidable panels 6 on rotation axis 5, the inclination angle of slidable panels 6 is identical with the inclination angle of weighted platform 1 bottom surface;
Three, thrust loading process
8, demarcate weighted platform 1 weight, and load size, the needed weight of weighing according to Landslide Model trailing edge thrust;
9, on weighted platform 1, vertically, slowly place and demarcate good weight;
10, open the mortise lock 2 at weighted platform 1 rear portion, hand steered weighted platform 1 makes its slip until after trailing edge contacts, unclamp both hands, until Landslide Deformation or destruction with the landslide.It should be noted that the end face of weighted platform 1 should be not less than gliding mass 22 apical side heights in order to avoid in the loading procedure gliding mass 22 to extrude from weighted platform 1 top, corresponding, when making weighted platform 1, can suitably improve the height of its vertical loading surface;
Four, off-test
11, the weight of preloading on the first removal weighted platform 1 is then with weighted platform 1 removal;
12, discharge first the oil pressure of top hydraulic jack 7, again removal top hydraulic jack 7;
13, discharge the oil pressure of bottom hydraulic jack 15;
14, unclamp the braking of base 18 bottom row travelling wheels 19, this deadweight charger is moved to the appointed place.
Core of the present invention is the setting of elevating mechanism and angle adjusting mechanism so that adopt from the thrust size and Orientation of reloading continuously, accurately adjustable, the thrust that applies is consistent with actual boundary condition, and loading force is stablized.So its protection domain is not limited to above-described embodiment.Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and distortion and do not depart from the scope of the present invention and spirit the present invention, for example: elevating mechanism is not limited to the described double shear fork of embodiment structure, adopts other conventional structures, and the controllable lift that is used for back up pad 9 also is feasible; Sliding matching mode between weighted platform 1 and the slidable panels 6 also is not limited to chute 3 and the ball 4 among the embodiment, slides as long as be convenient to the relative front and back of the two; Other hydraulic telescopic machanisms such as upper and lower part hydraulically extensible bar employing Electrohydraulic push rod also can be realized technical solution of the present invention etc.If these changes and distortion belong in the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and is out of shape interior.
Claims (10)
1. a landslide physical experiments hydraulic lift deadweight charger is characterized in that: comprise base (18), elevating mechanism, angle adjusting mechanism and thrust load maintainer; Described elevating mechanism is positioned on the base (18), and elevating mechanism upper end connection angle governor motion is used for driving the lifting of angle adjusting mechanism; Described angle adjusting mechanism comprises back up pad (9), slidable panels (6) and top hydraulically extensible bar, back up pad (9) is connected with the upper end of elevating mechanism, the front end of the front end of back up pad (9) and slidable panels (6) is hinged by rotation axis (5), the bottom that the lower end of described top hydraulically extensible bar and back up pad (9) are fixing, the upper end is supported in slidable panels (6) is used for by the telescopic adjustment back up pad (9) of top hydraulically extensible bar and the angle between the slidable panels (6); Described thrust load maintainer comprises the weighted platform (1) for the carrying weight, and the end face of the bottom surface of weighted platform (1) and slidable panels (6) is slidingly matched, can slides before and after slidable panels (6).
2. a kind of landslide according to claim 1 physical experiments hydraulic lift deadweight charger, it is characterized in that: the bottom surface of described weighted platform (1) is provided with some row's chutes (3), the end face of described slidable panels (6) has corresponding some round grooves, ball (4) is set in the hole slot, and the end face of the bottom surface of weighted platform (1) and slidable panels (6) is slidingly matched by described chute (3) and ball (4).
3. a kind of landslide according to claim 1 physical experiments hydraulic lift deadweight charger, it is characterized in that: the rear end of described weighted platform (1) is provided with mortise lock (2), is used for the temporary fixed of weighted platform (1) and slidable panels (6).
4. the described a kind of landslide of arbitrary claim physical experiments hydraulic lift deadweight charger in 3 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: have one group of draw-in groove on the described back up pad (9), be used for top hydraulically extensible bar fixing at the upper diverse location of back up pad (9).
5. the described a kind of landslide of arbitrary claim physical experiments hydraulic lift deadweight charger in 3 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described back up pad (9) is connected with the upper end of elevating mechanism by back up pad draw-in groove (10); Described back up pad draw-in groove (10) is fixed with the upper end of elevating mechanism, and back up pad (9) is positioned at back up pad draw-in groove (10), can slides to adjust back up pad (9) position before and after back up pad draw-in groove (10).
6. the described a kind of landslide of arbitrary claim physical experiments hydraulic lift deadweight charger in 3 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described top hydraulically extensible bar is hydraulic jack.
7. the described a kind of landslide of arbitrary claim physical experiments hydraulic lift deadweight charger in 3 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described elevating mechanism is double shear fork elevating mechanism; Double shear fork elevating mechanism comprises two groups of scissors forks and bottom hydraulically extensible bar, and every group of scissors pitched and cut the bearing pin (13) of yoke (12) by the middle part by two and connect and compose, and cuts for two and also is provided with some bars that reinforce the connection (14) between the yoke (12); The scissors fork upper end of top is connected with angle adjusting mechanism, the lower end is hinged on pitching with the scissors of below, the scissors fork rear portion, lower end of below is fixed on the base (18) by rotating shaft, and the scissors of below fork lower end is anterior to be contacted with base (18), can slide before and after base (18) by pulley (17); The bar that reinforces the connection (14) of the upper end of described bottom hydraulically extensible bar and top scissors fork is hinged, and the lower end of bottom hydraulically extensible bar and the below scissors fork bar that reinforces the connection (14) upper, pulley (17) position is hinged.
8. a kind of landslide according to claim 7 physical experiments hydraulic lift deadweight charger, it is characterized in that: described bottom hydraulically extensible bar is hydraulic jack.
9. the described a kind of landslide of arbitrary claim physical experiments hydraulic lift deadweight charger in 3 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described rotation axis (5) locates to be equipped with angle dial, is used for the reading of angle between back up pad (9) and the slidable panels (6).
10. the described a kind of landslide of arbitrary claim physical experiments hydraulic lift deadweight charger in 3 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described base (18) below is provided with several rows travelling wheel (19).
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