JP2004163677A - Model device for exhibiting landslide countermeasure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a low-cost model device for exhibiting landslide countermeasure with which the mechanism of landslide phenomenon, principals and effectiveness of landslide countermeasure technology can be readily and easily explained to people in general. <P>SOLUTION: The model device for exhibiting landslide countermeasure is so constituted that the model body A is composed of a pair of right and left model blocks 1, 2 separately arranged in parallel to each other with a vertical right-left separating face S' therebetween, and the entire body of a first model block 1, one of the blocks, is formed of a single block. A second model block 2, the other of the blocks, is separately constituted of a base block 2D having on its upper surface a sliding surface S inclined nearly along the surface layer of the second model block 2, and a soil mass block 2U stacked and mounted on the sliding surface S of the base block 2D so as to be slidable downward. On the upper surface and the right-left separating face S' of the first and the second model blocks 1 and 2, various landslide countermeasures t1-t5 are displayed, and an engagement pin P which runs through the soil mass block 2U so as to make the soil mass block 2U slidable and can removably engage with the base block 2D is formed in imitation of at least either one of the caisson type pile work t1 or the anchor work t2 among the landslide countermeasures t1-t5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a landslide countermeasure display model device for easily informing the general public of the mechanism of the landslide phenomenon, the principle and effectiveness of the landslide countermeasure technology.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In Japan, where there are many landslides where landslides are likely to occur, landslide disasters frequently occur in various places every time heavy rain occurs. Therefore, in order to inform the general public of the mechanism of the landslide phenomenon, the principle and effectiveness of the landslide prevention technology, a large-scale landslide experiment model was conventionally created on a sloping land, and the landslide was actually caused by the sloping model. , I was trying to show the situation to people. As a relatively small-scale natural disaster model experiment device that can be transported by a vehicle, a debris flow model device has already been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-34715
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the experimental model of large-scale landslide using the above-mentioned sloping terrain is not only impossible to transport by vehicle, but also increases equipment cost. There was a problem that it was not easy to restore the condition and re-test.
[0005]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has been made in view of the low-cost landslide which allows the mechanism of the landslide phenomenon, the principle and effectiveness of the landslide prevention technology to be easily and easily explained to ordinary people. The purpose is to provide a model device for exhibiting countermeasures.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that a model body which represents a sloped terrain in which landslides are liable to occur and which can be transported by a vehicle has a pair of right and left sides which are parallel to each other across a vertical left and right dividing surface which traverses the body. The first model block on one of the left and right sides is entirely formed as a single block, and the second model block on the other side is substantially along the surface of the second model block. A base block having an inclined sliding surface on the upper surface and a mass block placed on the sliding surface of the base block so as to be slidable downward on the sliding surface, and divided into first and second model blocks. Means that various landslide prevention means are displayed on at least the upper surface and the left and right divided surfaces of both model blocks, and can be slidably penetrated through the block and inserted into the base block. An engaging pin capable of engaging with the landslide is formed so as to resemble at least one of a deep foundation work or an anchor work of the landslide prevention means, and the slide of the mass block can be arbitrarily regulated by the engaging pin. It is characterized by.
[0007]
According to the above feature, since various landslide prevention means are displayed on the pair of left and right first and second model blocks at least on the upper surface and the left and right divided surfaces of the two model blocks, the ground structure of the landslide prevention means is reduced. It is obvious that the underground structure of the landslide prevention means can be displayed in a state where both model blocks are separated, as well as being easily understood. In particular, if the engaging pin is pulled out from the base block to separate the block from the base block, the block can be easily slid downward on the sliding surface with respect to the base block by its own weight or by human power. The downward sliding of the entire block of soil blocks enables the viewer to effectively recognize the state of the landslide and the fear of the disaster. Moreover, since the engaging pin is formed so as to resemble at least one of the deep foundation work and the anchor work among the landslide prevention means, the fact that the block is slidable due to the detachment of the engaging pin allows the landslide. Those who see the effectiveness of the deep foundation work or anchor work as a countermeasure can be strongly impressed. In addition, since the engagement pin, which is a stopper for the block of earth, also serves as a display means of the landslide prevention means (deep foundation work or anchor work), the structure is simplified accordingly.
[0008]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned features of the first aspect, the landslide prevention means includes a deep foundation, an anchor, a horizontal boring, a drainage well and a drainage tunnel. Anchor works, horizontal boring works, drainage wells and drainage tunnels are displayed in cross-section on the left and right divided planes of the model body, and the block is pulled out of the base blocks by the sliding pins of the base blocks. It is characterized by being slidable on the top in the horizontal direction. According to this feature, even when the left and right model blocks are in a side-by-side state, the engagement pin is pulled out of the base block and the block is removed from the base block. If the model body is slid outward (ie, away from the first model block) on the sliding surface, the model body is divided into the left and right divided planes (therefore, the landslide prevention means on the divided plane is cut off). Since it is possible to easily viewable from the outside to expose wide display), it can also state that lined the left and right of the model blocks, displays clarity to the viewer the underground structures of various landslide measure means.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below based on embodiments of the present invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
[0010]
1 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing a landslide countermeasure display model device, and FIG. 2 is a single perspective view of a first model block. Figures 3 and 3 are single side views of the first model block (viewed in the direction of arrow 3 in FIG. 2), FIG. 4 is a single side view of the second model block, and FIG. And FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIG. 4 showing a state in which the clay block is slid outward.
[0011]
In FIG. 1, a model body A of a model device M for landslide prevention display is divided into a pair of left and right model blocks 1 and 2 that are parallel to each other across a vertical left and right division surface S ′ that traverses the body A. The first model block 1 on one of the right and left sides (the left side in the illustrated example) is formed integrally (ie, as a single block) as a whole, and the second model block 2 on the other side (the right side in the illustrated example) is A base block 2D having an upper surface having a sliding surface S inclined substantially along the surface layer of the second model block 2, and superimposed on the sliding surface S of the base block 2D so as to be slidable vertically and horizontally. It is divided from the placed block 2U.
[0012]
Each of the blocks 1 and 2 (2U, 2D) is formed of a lightweight and hard synthetic resin suitable for transportation by a vehicle, for example, a styrene resin, and each surface is integrally covered and protected by FRP or the like. I have. In addition, a metal reinforcing frame (not shown) is integrally connected to a proper position of each of the blocks 1 and 2 (2U, 2D), for example, an inner portion or a bottom portion as necessary.
[0013]
In the illustrated example, the bottoms of the first and second model blocks 1 and 2 are placed on a base plate 3 having a shallow support recess 3a in which the two model blocks 1 and 2 are fitted and placed in parallel. 2 are fitted and supported. Therefore, in the state of being supported by the base plate 3, the first model block 1 and the second model block 2 (particularly, the base block 2D) are fixed in parallel on the base plate 3 (inside the support recess 3a) so as to be relatively immovable. be able to. A plurality of casters can be provided at intervals on the bottom surface of the base plate 3 as needed (not shown in the illustrated example). In this case, the model device M runs manually. It can be driven and is convenient for loading and unloading it on vehicles.
[0014]
On the upper surfaces of the first and second model blocks 1 and 2, the surface of the ground is displayed using appropriate coloring means and small models. Is displayed on hills dotted with hills, and on the upper half is displayed on the mountains.
[0015]
In each of the first and second model blocks 1 and 2, the display of different ground layers Lu and Ld above and below the left and right outer surfaces and the left and right divided surfaces S ′ (left and right inner surfaces) changes the coloring of the ground. Further, a display of the groundwater layer Lw (colored in light blue in the illustrated example) is given between the upper and lower geological layers Lu and Ld. In particular, the sliding surface S appears in the groundwater layer Lw of the second model block 2 so as to vertically pass through the upper and lower middle portions.
[0016]
Furthermore, various landslide prevention means t1 to t5 are displayed on the first and second model blocks 1 and 2 on the upper surface and the left / right divided surface S 'of both model blocks 1 and 2. In the illustrated example, as a countermeasure against landslide, in the illustrated example, a deep foundation t1 in which a relatively large diameter foundation pile deeper than the slip surface S is vertically driven into the ground, and a relatively small diameter deeper than the slip surface S. Anchor t2 for driving the anchor pile diagonally into the ground, horizontal boring t3 for driving the drainage pipe substantially horizontally into the ground to reach the groundwater layer Lw, and water in the groundwater layer Lw. A water collecting well t4 for burying a well to be temporarily collected in the ground, and a drainage tunnel t5 buried under the groundwater layer Lw to discharge the water are included.
[0017]
The deep foundation work t1, anchor work t2, horizontal boring work t3, catchment well t4, and drainage tunnel t5 are formed on the inner surfaces of the first and second model blocks 1 and 2, that is, the left and right divided surfaces S 'of the model body A. Is displayed in section.
[0018]
In addition, at least one engagement pin P that can slidably penetrate the earth block 2U and slidably engage with the base block 2D is provided with the deep foundation t1 or the anchor work of the landslide prevention means t1 to t5. It is formed to resemble at least one of the t2 (anchor t2 in the illustrated example). By engaging the engaging pin P with the base block 2D through the block 2U, the left and right and up and down slides of the block 2U on the base block 2D (that is, on the sliding surface S) are regulated at any time, and the block 2U Can be integrated on the base block 2D, and by pulling out the pin P from the base block 2D, the slab block 2U can be slid.
[0019]
Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.
[0020]
When using the model apparatus M of the above embodiment, first, it is loaded on a vehicle such as an automobile, transported to an exhibition place, and fixed there. At the time of this stationary operation, the first and second model blocks 1 and 2 of the model body A are fitted and supported on the base plate 3 in a left-right parallel state.
[0021]
In such an initial state, one engagement pin P resembling the anchor work t2 is engaged with the base block 2D through the block 2U, and therefore, on the base block 2D of the block 2U (that is, the sliding surface). The left and right and up and down slides on S) are restricted, and the block 2U is placed substantially integrally on the base block 2D. In this state, various landslide prevention means t1 to t5 are displayed on the upper surface of each of the model blocks 1 and 2, so that a viewer can easily recognize the ground structure of the landslide prevention means t1 to t5. it can.
[0022]
Now, in order to show the state of the landslide from this state, the upper end of the engaging pin P exposed on the upper surface of the earthen block 2D is pinched, and the pin P is pulled out from the base block 2D. 2U is detached from the base block 2D. Thus, the block 2U can be easily slid downward on the sliding surface S by its own weight or by human power with respect to the base block 2D, and the state of the landslide can be observed by observing the sliding state of the entire block 2D downward. And the fear of disasters can be effectively recognized by the viewer.
[0023]
In addition, since the engagement pin P is formed to resemble a part of the landslide prevention means (anchor t2 in the illustrated example), the fact that the mass pin block 2U becomes slidable by the detachment of the engagement pin P A viewer can be strongly impressed with the effectiveness of the anchor work 2t as a landslide prevention measure. Further, since the engaging pin P, which is a stopper for the block 2U, also serves as a display means of the landslide prevention means (anchor 2t), the structure is simplified and the cost is reduced accordingly.
[0024]
In addition, since the model device M is a relatively small structure that can be carried by a vehicle such as an automobile, it can be easily carried anywhere. Further, the model device M can be easily restored to the initial state by returning the crushed block 2U to the original set position and re-engaging the engagement pin P with the base block 2D. It can be used and cost is reduced.
[0025]
Further, when the engaging pin P is pulled out from the base block 2D as described above, the operator manually moves the block 2U outward on the sliding surface S of the base block 2D (that is, in a direction away from the first model block 1). ), The left and right divided surfaces S ′ of the model main body A (therefore, sectional views of the landslide prevention means t1 to t5 in the divided surfaces S ′) can be widely exposed, so that the left and right model blocks 1 can be exposed. , 2 can be displayed on the base plate 3 with the underground structures of the various landslide countermeasures t1 to t5 so as to be easily understood by a viewer.
[0026]
If the first and second model blocks 1 and 2 of the model body A are separated from each other when the model device M is fixed, the block 2U slides laterally on the sliding surface S as described above. Without doing so, the left and right divided surfaces S 'of each of the model blocks 1 and 2 can be exposed to the outside. Therefore, by displaying the cross-sections of the various landslide prevention means t1 to t5 on the divided surface S ', the underground structure of the landslide prevention means t1 to t5 can be easily recognized by a viewer.
[0027]
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the bottoms of the first and second model blocks 1 and 2 which are arranged in parallel are fitted and supported on the base plate 3. 3, the first and second model blocks 1 and 2 may be arranged directly on the installation surface.
[0028]
Further, in the above-described embodiment, various landslide prevention means t1 to t5 are displayed on the upper surface of each of the model blocks 1 and 2 and the left and right divided surface S '. The countermeasures t1 to t5 may be displayed.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the invention of each claim, various landslide prevention means are displayed on the pair of left and right first and second model blocks at least on the upper surface and the left and right divided surfaces of the two model blocks. Not only can the ground structure of the countermeasure means be clearly displayed, but also the underground structure of the landslide countermeasure means can be displayed in a state where both model blocks are separated. In particular, when the engaging pin is pulled out from the base block and the block is released from the base block, the block can be easily slid downward on the sliding surface by its own weight or manually with respect to the base block. The downward sliding of the entire block of natural mass blocks allows the viewer to effectively recognize the state of the landslide and the fear of disaster. Moreover, since the engaging pin is formed so as to resemble at least one of the deep foundation work and the anchor work among the landslide prevention means, the fact that the block is slidable due to the detachment of the engaging pin allows the landslide. Those who see the effectiveness of the deep foundation work or anchor work as a countermeasure can be strongly impressed. In addition, since the engaging pin, which is a stopper for the block of soil, also serves as a display means of landslide prevention means (deep foundation work or anchor work), the structure can be simplified accordingly, which can contribute to cost reduction. Further, the model device of the present invention is a relatively small structure that can be carried by a vehicle, so that it can be easily carried anywhere. Since the model device can be easily restored to the initial state by being re-engaged with the base block, the model device can be used repeatedly, which can contribute to cost reduction.
[0030]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the left and right model blocks are arranged side by side, the engaging pin is pulled out from the base block, and the block is moved outward (that is, away from the first model block) on the sliding surface of the base block. Direction), the left and right divided surfaces of the model main body (and thus the cross-sectional representation of the landslide prevention means at the divided surfaces) can be widely exposed to make it easier to see from the outside. Even in the state, the underground structure of the various landslide prevention means can be displayed in a manner that is easy for the viewer to understand.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing a model device for landslide prevention display according to one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a single perspective view of a first model block; FIG. 3 is a single side view of a first model block (FIG. 2); 3 arrow view)
FIG. 4 is a side view of a single unit of the second model block; FIG. 5 is a view corresponding to FIG. 4 showing a state in which the block is slid downward; FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIG. 4 is a state in which the block is slid outward; Figure [Explanation of symbols]
A ··· Model body M ··· Model device P for landslide countermeasure display · · · · Engagement pin S · · · · · sliding surface S '· · · · left and right division surface t1 · · ·・ Deep corner work (land slide measures)
t2 ··· Anchor construction (land slide measures)
t3 Horizontal boring (land slide measures)
t4 ··· Collecting well (land slide measures)
t5 ··· Drainage tunnel (land slide measures)
1... First model block 2... Second model block 2D... Base block 2U.

Claims (2)

A pair of left and right model blocks (A) that represent a sloped terrain where a landslide is likely to occur and that can be transported by a vehicle are arranged in parallel with each other across a vertical left and right division surface (S ′) that traverses the main body (A). 1, 2)
The first model block (1) on one of the left and right sides is entirely formed of a single block,
The other of the left and right second model blocks (2) is a base block (2D) having on its upper surface a sliding surface (S) inclined substantially along the surface layer of the second model block (2), and a base block thereof. (2D) is divided into a mass block (2U), which is overlapped and slidable downward on the sliding surface (S) of (2D),
Various landslide prevention means (t1 to t5) are displayed on the first and second model blocks (1, 2) at least on the upper surface and the left and right division surface (S ') of both model blocks (1, 2).
An engagement pin (P) which can slidably penetrate the earthen block (2U) and slidably engage with the base block (2D) is a deep foundation work (t1 to t5) of the landslide prevention means (t1 to t5). t1) or at least one of the anchor works (t2),
A landslide countermeasure display model device, wherein the slide of the earthen block (2U) can be arbitrarily regulated by the engagement pin (P). The landslide prevention means includes a deep foundation work (t1), an anchor work (t2), a horizontal boring work (t3), a drainage well (t4), and a drainage tunnel (t5). , Anchor work (t2), horizontal boring work (t3), catchment well (t4) and drainage tunnel (t5) are displayed in cross section on the left and right division plane (S ') of the model body (A).
The mass block (2U) can slide laterally on the sliding surface (S) of the base block (2D) in a state where the engagement pin (P) is pulled out from the base block (2D). The model device for landslide prevention display according to claim 1, characterized in that:

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