CN102921942B - Guider of damper and preparation method of guider - Google Patents
Guider of damper and preparation method of guider Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102921942B CN102921942B CN201210415197.6A CN201210415197A CN102921942B CN 102921942 B CN102921942 B CN 102921942B CN 201210415197 A CN201210415197 A CN 201210415197A CN 102921942 B CN102921942 B CN 102921942B
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- guider
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- powder
- shock absorber
- damper
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- VCTOKJRTAUILIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Mn+2] VCTOKJRTAUILIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001681 protective Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- KREXGRSOTUKPLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid;zinc Chemical group [Zn].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O KREXGRSOTUKPLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000009692 water atomization Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium(0) Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention provides a guider of a damper, belonging to the field of automobile accessories and solving the problem of low density of the conventional guider of the damper. The guider of the damper comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of reducing iron powder, 0.2-0.5 part of electrolytic copper powder, 0.1-0.3 part of graphite, 0.25-0.35 part of lubricant and 0.15-0.25 part of manganese sulfide. The invention also provides a preparation method of the guider of the damper. By means of rationally selecting ingredients for preparing the guider of the damper and utilizing a powder metallurgy method, the cost can be reduced, the product density can be improved, the dimensional tolerance of a product can be reduced, and the hardness of the product can be improved. Further, the dimensional tolerance of the product is reduced by using shaping, and the product density is further improved through water atomization steam treatment, so that the product density of the guider of the damper can reach 6.3-6.5 g/cm<3>.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of powder metallurgy, particularly relate to a kind of guider of shock absorber and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Usually all damper is installed in automobile suspension system, fluctuation when damper can make automobile reduce traveling in the process of moving, is reached the object improving comfortableness by bus and security by the damping, buffering effect of damper.The parts of rigid connection are converted to fixing elasticity and connect by damper.Guider is fitted on damper, mainly the piston rod be slidably mounted in damper working cylinder is play the guiding role, ensure the ride comfort of piston in running, and by the oil-through hole of guider, unnecessary shock absorber fluid being transported in oil storage cylinder in piston movement process, guarantee working cylinder is communicated with oil storage cylinder.
Because guider of shock absorber needs repeatedly back and forth movement, therefore need good product density and air tightness.Existing publication number is that CN102335744 discloses a kind of automobile absorber production process of guider, its by batch mixing, compacting, sintering, finishing, turning blue obtains guider of shock absorber, this technique prepares guider of shock absorber by adopting the integrated mode of powder metallurgy, can increase work efficiency, but but not solve the problem of air tightness.Publication number is the manufacture method that CN101386073 discloses a kind of powder metallurgy guide device, and it improves product density by increasing reduced iron powder in formula, and this kind of mode not only increases the cost of product and improve the powder metallurgical technique of routine.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the guider of shock absorber that a kind of product density is high, air-tightness is good.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of guider of shock absorber reducing manufacturing cost, improve the quality of products.
The technical solution used in the present invention is, proposes a kind of guider of shock absorber, and the component of this guider of shock absorber and parts by weight are:
Reduced iron powder: 40-60 part;
Electrolytic copper powder: 0.2-0.5 part;
Graphite: 0.1-0.3 part;
Lubricant: 0.25-0.35 part;
Manganese sulfide: 0.15-0.25 part.
Iron powder, copper powder and graphite are elements conventional in powder metallurgy process.Copper powder is more soft than iron powder, has better plasticity, and copper powder and iron powder can have good briquettability in pressing process, and copper powder has certain solubility in iron powder, has solution strengthening effect after adding copper powder.And graphite is mainly because itself and iron powder can form this high rigidity phase of cementite, have good effect to the mechanical property improving final workpiece, therefore graphite is absolutely necessary component in the preparation process of all kinds of powder metallurgy workpieces.
The increase of copper powder content directly can improve the bending strength of product, but because its plasticity is poor, can reduce the Rockwell hardness of product; The increase of content of graphite is then contrary with copper powder on the impact of product mechanical performance, its Rockwell hardness that significantly can increase product but reduces bending strength, the present invention passes through the proportioning of reasonable disposition copper powder and graphite, makes the Rockwell hardness of product and bending strength remain on comparatively poised state.
In addition, the content of copper powder also can affect the density of product, this is because copper is different from the scattering nature of iron, the diffusion ratio iron diffusion in copper of copper in iron is fast, copper dissolution forms substitution solid solution in iron, the volume of substitution solid solution is comparatively large, and therefore along with the increase of copper content also can make the volume of product increase, product density reduces.Need consider when selecting copper powder content copper powder, graphite proportioning on the impact of product mechanical performance and copper powder on the impact of product density.
Common powder metallurgical technique adopts straight iron powder or atomized iron powder usually, iron powder needs first to carry out powder reduction step in powder metallurgy process, the present invention directly selects reduced iron powder, eliminates the powder reduction step of conventional powder metallurgical process, improves operating efficiency.
Lubricant mainly plays the frictional force reduced between powder and mould and between powder and powder, makes in powder compaction process, can transmission of pressure better, strengthens the filling capacity of powder particle.The parts by weight of lubricant are selected with the pressure in product pressing process closely related, and product suppresses the shaping press of usual employing standard, therefore by determining that the compacting tonnage of product shaping press can obtain the parts by weight of lubricant.
In the present invention, lubricant is preferably zinc stearate, paraffin or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
The raw material of guider of shock absorber of the present invention also chooses the manganese sulfide having 0.15-0.25 weight fraction in choosing.Manganese sulfide, in powder metallurgy process, adds usually used as cutting agent, for improving the cutting ability of product, even has experiment to show, also can reduce product density when manganese sulfide content is lower.But the present invention found through experiments, when the content of manganese sulfide rises to certain proportion, because manganese sulfide is more crisp, plasticity is fine, a certain proportion of manganese sulfide can be scattered in iron powder surface preferably when suppressing, and makes iron powder to be liquid from solid transition under relatively low pressure and temperature, can play the compressibility of metal dust to greatest extent, thus improving the density of product, the changes of contents of manganese sulfide also can not have an impact to the hardness of product and dimensional accuracy simultaneously.But during the too high levels of manganese sulfide, but can reduce the corrosion resistance of product, reduce life of product.The weight ratio of the manganese sulfide that the present invention chooses has broken the prejudice that the conventional interpolation manganese sulfide thought can reduce product density, and can take into account and reduce it to the harmful effect of life of product.
Preferably, reduced iron powder particle diameter is 100-150 order, and electrolytic copper powder particle diameter is 180-250 order.
In the preferred embodiment for the present invention, reduced iron powder particle diameter is different from electrolytic copper powder particle diameter, small particle powder energy is made to mix with bulky grain powder thus the gap between bulky grain powder is occupied by small particle powder, to improve the apparent density of powder, when making product compressing, the density of product and intensity all increase.
Another technical scheme that the present invention adopts is that propose a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned guider of shock absorber, it comprises step:
S1: batching mixing;
S2: compacting: compacting tonnage is 30-50 ton;
S3: sintering: calcined temperature 750 DEG C to 800 DEG C, burn-in time 30 minutes to 60 minutes; Sintering temperature is 1100 DEG C to 1150 DEG C, sintering time 3 to 4 hours; Protective gas 30 to 40 cubic metres is filled with during sintering.
Time compressing, pressing pressure fundamental sum final products density is directly proportional.When pressure has just started to increase, the arch bridge in body of powder is broken soon, and powder particle is subjected to displacement fills space each other, and rearranging position increases contact, and product density sharply increases.After pressure sharply increases to the critical pressure exceeding powder particle, powder particle starts distortion, and product density continues to increase.After pressure exceedes powder critical pressure, continue to improve pressure and product density improved effect is reduced.For cost-saving, save equipment acquisition expense use, the compacting tonnage that the present invention chooses is 30-50 ton.
In sintering process, the lubricant when main purpose of pre-burning is removal step S1 and S2.When sintering temperature rises, sintering neck expands, and grain spacing reduces, and forms continuous print space grid, and sintered body shrinks to be separated, to improve product density and can improve intensity.When sintering temperature is too high, product grains too increases, and sintering space is distorted completely, causes deformation of products and cracking, undesirable.
In sintering process, be filled with protective gas, prevent from, in sintering process, redox reaction occurs, reduce properties of product.
Preferably, in step S1, after the reduced iron powder first choosing half weight portion mixes with electrolytic copper powder, graphite, lubricant and manganese sulfide, again add the reduced iron powder of second half weight portion, again mix.
Preferably, also comprise shaping step, shaping pressure is 80-90 ton.By secondary compacting shaping to improve Product Precision, reduce dimensional tolerance.
Preferably, also comprise steam atomization treatment step: product is put into the steam heating 5 hours that temperature is 550-600 DEG C, make product surface form the diaphragm of 0.005mm to 0.006mm.
Steam atomization process can form tri-iron tetroxide diaphragm at product surface, can improve wearability and the high pressure compactness of product, make product have certain rust-proof effect.
The present invention prepares the batching of guider of shock absorber by Rational choice, and utilizes powder metallurgy process to prepare, and can reduce costs, and improves product density, shorten product sizes tolerance, improves product hardness.Further, the present invention reduces product size tolerance further by utilizing shaping, improves product density further by water atomization steam treatment, makes the product density of guider of shock absorber of the present invention to reach 6.3-6.5g/cm
3.
Detailed description of the invention
Be below specific embodiments of the invention, technical scheme of the present invention is further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment prepares guider of shock absorber in the following way:
(1) prepare burden
Choose that average grain diameter is 100 object reduced iron powder 25 weight portions, average grain diameter is 250 object electrolytic copper powder 0.5 weight portions, graphite 0.2 weight portion, zinc stearate 0.35 weight portion, manganese sulfide 0.25 weight portion, put into taper and mix powder machine and fully mix; Then again mix in powder machine to taper that to add average grain diameter be 100 object reduced iron powder 25 weight portions.Incorporation time 40 minutes, reaches abundant mixed effect.
(2) suppress
The powder mixed being put into compacting tonnage is that the automatic moulding machine of 50 tons is suppressed.
(3) sinter
Sintering step is performed in meshbeltfurnace; Calcined temperature 750 DEG C, burn-in time 45 minutes; Sintering temperature 1125 DEG C, sintering time 3 hours.Meshbeltfurnace is in sintering process, and the flow of burning gases hydrogen is 20 cubic metres, and the flow of protective gas helium is 40 cubic metres.
(4) shaping
Adopt 80 tons of trimmer Shape corrections.
Test its density, dimensional tolerance, Rockwell hardness, radial crushing force after the product obtained, the test result obtained is in table one.
Wherein, Rockwell hardness adopts Rockwell apparatus test, and density adopts drainage (GB/T5163-1985) test, and dimensional tolerance and radial crushing force adopt conventional universl tester.
Embodiment 2
(1) prepare burden
Choose that average grain diameter is 130 object reduced iron powder 40 weight portions, average grain diameter is 200 object electrolytic copper powder 0.3 weight portions, graphite 0.3 weight portion, paraffin 0.3 weight portion, manganese sulfide 0.2 weight portion, put into taper and mix powder machine and fully mix.
(2) suppress
The powder mixed being put into compacting tonnage is that the automatic moulding machine of 30 tons is suppressed.
(3) sinter
Sintering step is performed in meshbeltfurnace; Calcined temperature 800 DEG C, burn-in time 30 minutes; Sintering temperature 1150 DEG C, sintering time 3 hours.Meshbeltfurnace is in sintering process, and the flow of burning gases hydrogen is 30 cubic metres, and the flow of protective gas helium is 30 cubic metres.
(4) steam atomizing process
Product after sintering is put into the steam heating 5 hours that temperature is 550 DEG C, make product surface form the diaphragm of 0.005mm to 0.006mm.
Test its density, dimensional tolerance, Rockwell hardness, radial pressure stain power after the product obtained, the test result obtained is in table one.
Wherein, Rockwell hardness adopts Rockwell apparatus test, and density adopts drainage (GB/T5163-1985) test, and dimensional tolerance and radial crushing force adopt conventional universl tester.
Embodiment 3
One) prepare burden
Choose that average grain diameter is 100 object reduced iron powder 60 weight portions, average grain diameter is 180 object electrolytic copper powder 0.2 weight portions, graphite 0.1 weight portion, PVC emulsifying liquid 0.25 weight portion, manganese sulfide 0.15 weight portion, put into taper and mix powder machine and fully mix.
(2) suppress
The powder mixed being put into compacting tonnage is that the automatic moulding machine of 50 tons is suppressed.
(3) sinter
Sintering step is performed in meshbeltfurnace; Calcined temperature 800 DEG C, burn-in time 60 minutes; Sintering temperature 1100 DEG C, sintering time 4 hours.Meshbeltfurnace is in sintering process, and the flow of burning gases hydrogen is 30 cubic metres, and the flow of protective gas helium is 40 cubic metres.
(4) shaping
Adopt 90 tons of trimmer Shape corrections.
(5) steam atomizing process
Product after shaping is put into the steam heating 5 hours that temperature is 600 DEG C, make product surface form the diaphragm of 0.005mm to 0.006mm.
Test its density, dimensional tolerance, Rockwell hardness, radial crushing force after the product obtained, the test result obtained is in table one.
Wherein, Rockwell hardness adopts Rockwell apparatus test, and density adopts drainage (GB/T5163-1985) test, and dimensional tolerance and radial crushing force adopt conventional universl tester.
Table one
As seen from the above table, guider of shock absorber of the present invention meets product demand, about its cost is only the half of conventional copper, steel part, expands the range of application of powder metallurgy product.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various amendment or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute to described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the scope that appended claims defines.
Claims (3)
1. a guider of shock absorber, it is characterized in that: the component of this guider of shock absorber and parts by weight are: reduced iron powder: 40-60 part, electrolytic copper powder: 0.2-0.5 part, graphite: 0.1-0.3 part, lubricant: 0.25-0.35 part, manganese sulfide: 0.15-0.25 part; Described reduced iron powder particle diameter is 100-150 order, and electrolytic copper powder particle diameter is 180-250 order;
Described guider of shock absorber is prepared from by the following method: S1: batching mixing; S2: compacting: compacting tonnage is 30-50 ton; S3: sintering: calcined temperature 750 DEG C to 800 DEG C, burn-in time 30 minutes to 60 minutes; Sintering temperature is 1100 DEG C to 1150 DEG C, sintering time 3 to 4 hours; Protective gas 30 to 40 cubic metres is filled with during sintering; S4: shaping: shaping pressure is 80-90 ton; S5: steam atomization process: product is put into the steam heating 5 hours that temperature is 550-600 DEG C, make product surface form the diaphragm of 0.005mm to 0.006mm.
2. guider of shock absorber as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described lubricant is zinc stearate, paraffin or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
3. guider of shock absorber as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step S1, after the reduced iron powder first choosing half weight portion mixes with electrolytic copper powder, graphite, lubricant and manganese sulfide, again add the reduced iron powder of second half weight portion, again mix.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210415197.6A CN102921942B (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Guider of damper and preparation method of guider |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210415197.6A CN102921942B (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | Guider of damper and preparation method of guider |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102921942A CN102921942A (en) | 2013-02-13 |
| CN102921942B true CN102921942B (en) | 2015-01-14 |
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| CN105478743A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-04-13 | 宁波市群星粉末冶金有限公司 | Guider of automobile shock absorber and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN107470632B (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2019-07-26 | 宁波金钟粉末冶金有限公司 | A kind of guider of shock absorber |
| CN107685147B (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2019-08-23 | 宁波金钟粉末冶金有限公司 | A kind of high-precision guider of shock absorber |
| CN107470633B (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2019-10-11 | 宁波金钟粉末冶金有限公司 | A kind of damper valve seat |
| CN107552800B (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2019-07-26 | 宁波金钟粉末冶金有限公司 | A kind of gear bush |
| CN108130483B (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2019-08-02 | 宁波市江北吉铭汽车配件有限公司 | A kind of guider of shock absorber and preparation method thereof |
| CN110039040B (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-10-09 | 宁波顺达粉末冶金工业有限公司 | Guider of shock absorber and preparation method of guider |
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| CN102921942A (en) | 2013-02-13 |
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