CN107663615B - A kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity and preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity and preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107663615B CN107663615B CN201710824263.8A CN201710824263A CN107663615B CN 107663615 B CN107663615 B CN 107663615B CN 201710824263 A CN201710824263 A CN 201710824263A CN 107663615 B CN107663615 B CN 107663615B
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 206010054949 Metaplasia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015689 metaplastic ossification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity and preparation method and application.The ferrous alloy is grouped as by following groups by percentage to the quality: copper 14~28%, graphite 0.3~1%, molybdenum 0.1~0.8%, nickel 0.3~4%, manganese 0~0.6%, vanadium 0~0.5%, rare earth 0~0.4%, tungsten 0~1.2%, chromium 0~0.8%, iron are surplus.Preparation method includes shaping dies preparation, ingredient, forming, pre-sintering, sintering, vacuum oil immersion, machining.Oil cylinder axle sleeve of of the invention designed and preparation the ferrous alloy especially suitable for engineering machinery.Design of alloy of the present invention is reasonable, and processing technology is simple, it is easy to accomplish mass, scale and automated production, can improve production efficiency, it is energy saving, reduce cost.The present invention is designed simultaneously can be substantially better than existing cast copper material with performances such as the ferrous alloy bearing capacitys, self-lubrication, service life of preparation.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity and preparation method and application, belong to powder metallurgical technique
Technology, new material, with Engineering Machinery Components manufacturing technology field.
Technical background:
Engineering Machinery Components use the adverse circumstances in heavy load, large impact, the part core element not only accuracy of manufacture
Height, while fretting wear, the anti-seizing property of material, Friction pairs matching, the strength of materials require it is high, therefore, manufacture at
This is higher than common mechanical industry.Engineering machinery engineer is seeking to new material, new process, new technology in engineering machinery field
Application, to obtain good economic technology benefit.Oil cylinder Model For The Bush-axle Type Parts belong to one of engineering machinery kernel component,
Quality directly affects engineering mechanical device function and service life.In work, sleeve lining partners with axis cooperation and rubs
It wipes secondary, it is desirable that it is with good anti-friction wear-resistant and anti-seizing property, while sleeve body bears heavy load, large impact, it is desirable that
Has the characteristics that high-intensity performance.Oil cylinder axle sleeve, traditional handicraft generally use cast copper machining manufacture, in order to improve self-lubrication
Can, porous, filled graphite in hole is designed in axle sleeve wall.
Manufacture craft are as follows: casting copper base-it is rough turn-bore hole-filled graphite-smart car-finished product.
Bore hole and two procedure of filled graphite, complicated for operation, processing efficiency is low, and quality is difficult to control.
Oil cylinder axle sleeve, self-lubricating, the friction and wear behavior of above method manufacture are poor, and manufacturing process is complicated, can not batch
Automated production, manufacturing cost are high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is insufficient for the selection of Cylinders of Construction Machinery axle sleeve and technology of preparing and provides a kind of design of alloy conjunction
Reason, simple process are easily achieved that mass, scale and automated production, high production efficiency, low energy consumption, pollution-free, at low cost
The high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity and preparation method preparation method.Alloying component and preparation method designed by the invention
The Model For The Bush-axle Type Parts of production have the characteristics that high-intensitive high self-lubricating property, can be obviously improved Friction pairs matching in use, improve
Properties of antifriction and wear resistance and engineering machinery service life.
A kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity is with quality percentage
It is grouped as than counting by following groups:
Copper: 14~28%；
Graphite: 0.3~1%；
Molybdenum: 0.1~0.8%；
Nickel: 0.3~4%；
Manganese: 0~0.6%；
Vanadium: 0~0.5%；
Rare earth: 0~0.4%；
Tungsten: 0~1.2%；
Chromium: 0~0.8%；
Iron: surplus.
Preferably, a kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, the high self-lubricating iron-base of high intensity
Alloy is grouped as by following groups by percentage to the quality:
Copper: 14~20%；
Graphite: 0.8~1%；
Molybdenum: 0.1~0.8%；
Nickel: 0.3~4%；
Manganese: 0~0.6%；
Vanadium: 0~0.5%；
Rare earth: 0~0.4%；Further preferably 0.3~0.4%；
Tungsten: 0~1.2%；Further preferably 0.6~1.2%；
Chromium: 0~0.8%；
Iron: surplus.
Preferably, a kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, the rare earth element selected from yttrium, neodymium,
At least one of lanthanum.
A kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, the addition of rare earth element and copper constituent element are total with other constituent elements
Same-action can directly affect the sintering character of material, refine crystal grain, improve alloy microstructure, while increasing matrix material
Expect soft phase constitution, to effectively improve the comprehensive performance of ferrous alloy, including the strength of materials, toughness, friction and wear behavior and anti-
Be engaged performance, it is notable that these performances are the key properties of Cylinders of Construction Machinery axle sleeve, this for the present invention it is designed and
The material of preparation is used as high-quality Cylinders of Construction Machinery axle sleeve and provides necessary condition.
Preferably, a kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, the hardness of ferrous alloy are HRB 80
~100, crushing strength is 600~650MPa, sintered density is 6.3~6.6g/cm3。
A kind of preparation method of the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, includes the following steps:
Step 1
By design component, with taking raw material, and by 0.6~0.9% binder for taking total mass of raw material is matched, it is uniformly mixed
It is placed in mold, in 450~600MPa pressure forming, obtains 6.4~6.7g/cm3 of density green body.Forming pressure choosing of the present invention
450~600MPa is selected, to obtain suitable blank density.This green body is pre-sintered, can meet company simultaneously after high temperature sintering
Abundant, high-intensitive, the porous requirement of through-hole gap, to guarantee high-intensitive, the high self-lubricating property of novel alloy product.
Step 2
In protective atmosphere, green body obtained by step 1 is heated to 750~1000 DEG C, preferably 900~1000 DEG C, heat preservation
After 1.5~3 hours, furnace cooling obtains prealloy green body.Base is shaped in pre-sintered state, copper and other constituent elements, basis material
Partially-alloyed, effect is to prepare for basis material with other constituent element high-temperature alloys, while shaping base by being pre-sintered
Afterwards, it can be reduced to greatest extent in the high-temperature alloy stage and form closed pore gap because assembling copper liquid phase.
Step 3
Under protective atmosphere, by prealloy green body obtained by step 2,1080~1090 DEG C are warming up to furnace, heat preservation 1~3 is small
When, then 1100~1250 DEG C are warming up to, 1~3 hour is kept the temperature, cools to room temperature with the furnace；Obtain sintered body.It is handled through step 3
The high high intensity in the abundant alloying of multicomponent, interconnected pore, porous body afterwards.Ferrous alloy has sufficiently closed in this stage each constituent element
Aurification realizes high-intensitive and part self-lubricating, fretting wear, anti-seizing property；The interconnected pore tissue being evenly distributed is formed, it can
After guaranteeing vacuum oil immersion, high oil content is obtained, is effectively improved the self-lubricating property of alloy, copper constituent element is uniformly distributed in matrix
In material, a part plays alloy strengthening, remaining forms soft phase constitution, improves the friction and wear behavior of material.
It is worth noting that, simultaneous selection is kept for 1~3 hour in super solidus temperature using the pre-sintering of step 2, then
It is warming up to 1100~1250 DEG C of heat preservations to be sintered for 1~3 hour, the key effect of this process is to effectively increase alloy material
While the rate of interconnected pore, the abundant alloying between each constituent element ensure that, ensure that the requirement of material high intensity, to make this new
Type alloy is provided simultaneously with high-intensitive and high two large effect of self-lubrication.This is the key characteristic of Cylinders of Construction Machinery axle sleeve.
Step 4
The sintered body that step 3 is obtained, is placed under 10~30mmHg vacuum condition, lubricating oil is heated to 80~100 DEG C
Afterwards, immersion cell is filled, is kept for 10~30 minutes, high-intensitive high self-lubricating green body is obtained.
Step 5
It is machined out by design size, obtains finished product.
A kind of preparation method of the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, the binder selected from stearic acid, paraffin,
At least one of super binder.The super binder is that Guangzhou Qing Fanxiang new material Co., Ltd production model is skz-800
Super binder.
A kind of preparation method of the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, Step 2: protecting gas described in step 3
Atmosphere is to decompose ammonia/nitrogen-based atmosphere or decomposition ammonia atmosphere；It is 1 that ammonia and the volume ratio of nitrogen are decomposed in the decomposition ammonia/nitrogen-based atmosphere:
4。
The high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of of the invention designed and preparation high intensity, Main Tissues are the pearlite of cupric phase
+ hole, thin pearlite dense distribution are uniformly distributed in material matrix, copper phase with hole, and interconnected pore is abundant.Its mechanical property
Are as follows: HRB 80~100,600~650MPa of crushing strength, material 6.3~6.6g/cm3 of sintered density, material oil content 15~
19%, service life is more than or equal to 10000 hours, can replace cast copper oil cylinder axle sleeve completely, meet engineering machinery requirement.
A kind of application of the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, including the high self-lubricating iron-base of the high intensity is closed
Gold is used as Engineering Machinery Components.
Preferably, a kind of application of the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, the engineering machinery zero
Part includes oil cylinder axle sleeve.Certainly, it when being used as oil cylinder axle sleeve, is prepared according to the following steps, effect is more superior:
The preparation of step A shaping dies
According to Cylinders of Construction Machinery axis and shell dimension design requirement, determine that die size, internal-and external diameter 0.5~1mm machine add
Amount, product height dimension is larger, and forming uses floating die, and rub core bar structure.
Step B ingredient, mixing
By oil cylinder axle sleeve design size, shaped blanks gross mass is calculated according to 6~6.5g/cm3 of shaping density, then,
Each alloy constituent element quality is calculated according to gross mass, and with each alloy constituent element is taken, then take alloy constituent element gross mass by matching
0.6~0.9% binder；It is mixed being added in " V " batch mixer with each alloy constituent element taken 30 minutes, adds binder
Mixing 1 hour.
Step C forming
Step B powder obtained is placed in oil cylinder axle sleeve finishing die obtained by step A, through 450~600MPa pressure at
Shape obtains 6.4~6.7g/cm3 of density green body.
Step D is pre-sintered
The green body that step C is obtained is heated to 750~1000 DEG C, preferably 900~1000 DEG C in protective atmosphere, protects
Temperature cools to room temperature for 1~3 hour with the furnace, obtains prealloy green body.
Step E sintering
The prealloy green body that step D is obtained is warming up to 1080~1090 DEG C with furnace, heat preservation 1 under the conditions of protective atmosphere
~3 hours, then 1100~1250 DEG C are warming up to, 1~3 hour is kept the temperature, cools to room temperature with the furnace.Obtain abundant alloying, company
The high high intensity of logical porosity, porous body.
Step F vacuum oil immersion
The sintered body that step E is obtained is placed under 10~30mmHg vacuum condition, and lubricating oil is heated to 80~100 DEG C
Afterwards, immersion cell is filled, is kept for 10~30 minutes, high-intensitive high self-lubricating green body is obtained.Step D, protective atmosphere described in step E
To decompose ammonia/nitrogen-based atmosphere or decomposing ammonia atmosphere；Described decompose decomposes the volume ratio of ammonia and nitrogen as 1:4 in ammonia/nitrogen-based atmosphere.
Step G machining
By oil cylinder sleeve size required precision, the green body that the 6th step obtains is processed.High-intensitive high self-lubricating needed for obtaining
Ferrous alloy product.
Preferably, a kind of application of the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, when the high intensity is high certainly
When lubricating ferrous alloy as oil cylinder axle sleeve, service life is more than or equal to 10000 hours.
The present invention obtains the product of superior performance, the product by the synergistic effect of each component and each technological parameter
When as oil cylinder axle sleeve, service life and the pressure that can bear are far longer than existing product.
Design of alloy of the present invention is reasonable, and processing technology is simple, it is easy to accomplish mass, scale and automatic metaplasia
Produce, can improve production efficiency, it is energy saving, reduce cost；It is particularly noteworthy that manufactured novel alloy and product have
There is high-intensitive high self-lubricating property.Replace engineering machinery original to cast copper-based shaft sleeve parts, there is significant advantage, this novel conjunction
Not only bearing capacity is strong for gold, but also self-lubricating property is substantially better than cast copper material, while can improve each Friction pairs matching, improves
Engineering mechanical device service life, manufacturing cost decline 15~20%, is suitble to industrial applications.
Specific implementation
Embodiment 1
By iron powder, graphite powder, copper powder, molybdenum powder, nickel powder, yttrium powder, tungsten powder according to 78.7:1:14:0.8:4:0.3:1.2 ratio
Example weighing, (the super binder is that Guangzhou Qing Fanxiang new material Co., Ltd production model is to additional 0.6% super binder
The super binder of skz-800.), it is mixed 1.5 hours in " V " type batch mixer as required；In 600MPa in axle sleeve shaping dies
Forming pressure under shape.Density 6.6g/m3 is controlled, axle sleeve blank is obtained；Axle sleeve blank is added in decomposing ammonia atmosphere environment
Heat to 1000 DEG C keep the temperature 1 hour, furnace cooling, obtain prealloy axle sleeve green body；Then prealloy axle sleeve green body is placed in decomposition
It after being warming up to 1080 DEG C of heat preservations 3 hours with furnace in ammonia atmosphere environment, then is warming up to 1250 DEG C and keeps the temperature 1 hour, furnace cooling obtains
Sintered body is placed under 10mmHg vacuum condition by sintered body, impregnates 80 DEG C of lubricating oil, and dip time is kept to take after ten minutes
Out, oil-containing green body is obtained, oil-containing green body is pressed into sleeve size required precision, processes finished product, through detecting HRB 96, crushing strength
630MPa, density 6.5g/cm3, oil content 16%, by bench test, service life can satisfy completely up to 10080 hours
Engineering machinery requirement.
Embodiment 2
Iron powder, graphite powder, copper powder, molybdenum powder, nickel powder, chromium powder are weighed according to the ratio of 67.8:0.3:28:0.1:3:0.8,
Additional 0.9% zinc stearate binder mixes 1.5 hours in " V " type mixing machine as required, obtains forming powder；In axis
It covers in shaping dies in 450MPa Forming under Pressure.Green density 6.4g/cm3；Green compact is placed in decomposition ammonia/nitrogen-based atmosphere environment
In be warming up to 750 DEG C (decompose ammonia/nitrogen-based atmosphere ratio 1:4) heat preservations 2 hours with furnace after furnace cooling, obtain prealloy axle sleeve base
Body；Green body is placed in decomposition ammonia/nitrogen-based atmosphere environment, 1090 DEG C is warming up to furnace and keeps the temperature 1 hour, then be warming up to 1180 DEG C of guarantors
Temperature 2 hours, furnace cooling, sintered body needed for obtaining；Sintered body is placed under 20mmHg vacuum condition, 90 DEG C of lubrications are impregnated
Oil is kept for the immersion oil time take out after twenty minutes, obtains oil-containing green body, the oil-containing green body of acquisition is processed into axle sleeve finished product.Through examining
Survey HRB 88, crushing strength 613MPa, density 6.30g/cm3, oil content 19%, by bench test, service life is up to 10008
Hour, cast copper axle sleeve can be replaced for Cylinders of Construction Machinery completely.
Embodiment 3
By iron powder, graphite powder, copper powder, molybdenum powder, nickel powder, yttrium powder, neodymium powder, tungsten powder, chromium powder according to 77.4:0.8:20:0.1:
The ratio of 0.3:0.2:0.2:0.6:0.4 is weighed, and additional 0.7% paraffin binder mixes in " V " type mixing machine as required
1.5 hours, obtain forming powder；In 550MPa Forming under Pressure in axle sleeve shaping dies.Green density 6.5g/cm3；It will pressure
Base be placed in decompose ammonia atmosphere environment in furnace be warming up to 900 DEG C heat preservation 2 hours after furnace cooling, obtain prealloy axle sleeve green body；
Green body is placed in and is decomposed in ammonia atmosphere environment, 1090 DEG C is warming up to furnace and keeps the temperature 1 hour, then is warming up to 1100 DEG C and keeps the temperature 3 hours
Furnace cooling, sintered body needed for obtaining；Sintered body is placed under 30mmHg vacuum condition, 100 DEG C of lubricating oil are impregnated, is kept
It is taken out after 30 minutes immersion oil time, obtains oil-containing green body, the oil-containing green body of acquisition is processed into axle sleeve finished product.Through detecting HRB
100, crushing strength 650MPa, density 6.40g/cm3, oil content 17%, by bench test, service life up to 11000 hours,
Cast copper axle sleeve can be replaced for Cylinders of Construction Machinery completely.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity, it is characterised in that；It is grouped as by percentage to the quality by following groups:
Copper: 14~20%；
Graphite: 0.8~1%；
Molybdenum: 0.1~0.8%；
Nickel: 0.3~4%；
Manganese: 0~0.6%；
Vanadium: 0~0.5%；
Rare earth: 0.3~0.4%；
Tungsten: 0.6~1.2%；
Chromium: 0~0.8%；
Iron: surplus；
The preparation of the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity includes the following steps:
Step 1
By design component, with taking raw material, and by 0.6~0.9% binder for taking total mass of raw material is matched, it is uniformly mixed postposition
In in mold, in 450~600MPa pressure forming, 6.4~6.7g/cm3 of density green body is obtained；
Step 2
In protective atmosphere, after green body obtained by step 1 is heated to 750~1000 DEG C, heat preservation 1.5~3 hours, furnace cooling,
Obtain prealloy green body；
Step 3
Under protective atmosphere, by prealloy green body obtained by step 2,1080~1090 DEG C is warming up to furnace, keeps the temperature 1~3 hour,
It is warming up to 1100~1250 DEG C again, keeps the temperature 1~3 hour, cools to room temperature with the furnace；Obtain sintered body；
Step 4
The sintered body that step 3 is obtained, is placed under 10~30mmHg vacuum condition, after lubricating oil is heated to 80~100 DEG C,
Immersion cell is filled, is kept for 10~30 minutes, high-intensitive high self-lubricating green body is obtained；
Step 5
It is machined out by design size, obtains finished product.
2. a kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that；The rare earth element choosing
From at least one of yttrium, neodymium, lanthanum.
3. a kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that；The hardness of ferrous alloy
For HRB 80~100, crushing strength be 600~650MPa, sintered density is 6.3~6.6g/cm3.
4. a kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity according to claim 1；It is characterized by: the binder is selected from
At least one of stearic acid, paraffin.
5. a kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Step 2: step 3
Described in protective atmosphere be decompose ammonia/nitrogen-based atmosphere or decompose ammonia atmosphere；Ammonia and nitrogen are decomposed in the decomposition ammonia/nitrogen-based atmosphere
Volume ratio be 1: 4.
6. a kind of application of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy high-intensitive as described in claim 1-5 any one, it is characterised in that；Packet
It includes and the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity is used as Engineering Machinery Components.
7. a kind of application of the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity according to claim 6；It is characterized by: the engineering machine
Tool components include oil cylinder axle sleeve.
8. a kind of application of the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity according to claim 7；It is characterized by: when described high-strength
When spending high self-lubricating ferrous alloy as oil cylinder axle sleeve, service life is more than or equal to 10000 hours.
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| CN110184546B (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2021-04-16 | 湖南屹林材料技术有限公司 | Heavy-load powder metallurgy oil-retaining bearing and preparation method thereof |
| CN111408715A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-07-14 | 山东威达粉末冶金有限公司 | Method for improving sintering density of iron-based copper-containing powder metallurgy sintered part |
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| CN102197150A (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2011-09-21 | 斗山英维高株式会社 | Sliding bearing with improved wear resistance and method of manufacturing same |
| CN101407889A (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2009-04-15 | 海安县鹰球集团有限公司 | Powder metallurgy rare earth copper coated ferroalloy oil-retaining bearing and manufacturing method thereof |
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