CN107663615A - A kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity and preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity and preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107663615A CN107663615A CN201710824263.8A CN201710824263A CN107663615A CN 107663615 A CN107663615 A CN 107663615A CN 201710824263 A CN201710824263 A CN 201710824263A CN 107663615 A CN107663615 A CN 107663615A
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- ferrous alloy
- lubricating
- high intensity
- self
- high self
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- -1 ferrous alloy Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium(0) Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001681 protective Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Stearic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Neodymium Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 load Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000001519 tissues Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 206010054949 Metaplasia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015689 metaplastic ossification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- KREXGRSOTUKPLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O KREXGRSOTUKPLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity and preparation method and application.The ferrous alloy is made up of following components by percentage to the quality：Copper 14~28%, graphite 0.3~1%, molybdenum 0.1~0.8%, nickel 0.3~4%, manganese 0~0.6%, vanadium 0~0.5%, rare earth 0~0.4%, tungsten 0~1.2%, chromium 0~0.8%, iron are surplus.Its preparation method includes shaping dies preparation, dispensing, shaping, pre-sintering, sintering, vacuum oil immersion, machining.Oil cylinder axle sleeve of of the invention designed and preparation the ferrous alloy especially suitable for engineering machinery.Design of alloy of the present invention is reasonable, and processing technology is simple, it is easy to accomplish mass, scale and automated production, can improve production efficiency, save the energy, reduces cost.The present invention is designed simultaneously can be substantially better than existing cast copper material with performances such as the ferrous alloy bearing capacity prepared, self lubricity, service lifes.
Description
Technical field：
The present invention relates to a kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity and preparation method and application, belong to powder metallurgical technique
Technology, new material, with Engineering Machinery Components manufacturing technology field.
Technical background：
Engineering Machinery Components use the adverse circumstances in heavy load, large impact, the part core parts not only accuracy of manufacture
Height, while fretting wear, the anti-seizing property of material, Friction pairs matching, the strength of materials require high, therefore, manufactured into
This is higher than common mechanical industry.Engineering machinery engineer is seeking to new material, new technology, new technology in engineering machinery field
Application, to obtain good economic technology benefit.Oil cylinder Model For The Bush-axle Type Parts, belong to one of engineering machinery kernel component, its
Quality directly affects engineering mechanical device function and service life.In work, sleeve lining coordinates to partner with axle to rub
Wipe secondary, it is desirable to which it has good anti-friction wear-resistant and anti-seizing property, while sleeve body bears heavy load, large impact, it is desirable to
With high-intensity performance feature.Oil cylinder axle sleeve, traditional handicraft are typically using cast copper machining manufacture, in order to improve self lubricity
Can, it is porous in the design of axle sleeve wall, graphite is filled in hole.
Manufacture craft is：Cast copper base-rough turn-bore hole-filling graphite-smart car-finished product.
Bore hole and the filling procedure of graphite two, complex operation, processing efficiency is low, and quality is difficult to control.
Oil cylinder axle sleeve, self-lubricating, the friction and wear behavior of above method manufacture are poor, and manufacturing process is complicated, can not batch
Automated production, manufacturing cost are high.
The content of the invention
The present invention is insufficient with technology of preparing for the selection of Cylinders of Construction Machinery axle sleeve and provides a kind of design of alloy and closes
Reason, technique are simple, be easily achieved mass, scale and automated production, production efficiency is high, energy consumption is low, pollution-free, cost is low
The high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity and preparation method preparation method.The alloying component and preparation method designed using the present invention
The Model For The Bush-axle Type Parts of making have the high self-lubricating property feature of high intensity, and Friction pairs matching can be obviously improved in use, improve
Properties of antifriction and wear resistance and engineering machinery service life.
A kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity is with quality percentage
It is made up of than counting following components：
Copper：14~28%；
Graphite：0.3~1%；
Molybdenum：0.1~0.8%；
Nickel：0.3~4%；
Manganese：0~0.6%；
Vanadium：0~0.5%；
Rare earth：0~0.4%；
Tungsten：0~1.2%；
Chromium：0~0.8%；
Iron：Surplus.
Preferably, a kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, the high self-lubricating iron-base of high intensity
Alloy is made up of following components by percentage to the quality：
Copper：14~20%；
Graphite：0.8~1%；
Molybdenum：0.1~0.8%；
Nickel：0.3~4%；
Manganese：0~0.6%；
Vanadium：0~0.5%；
Rare earth：0~0.4%；More preferably 0.3~0.4%；
Tungsten：0~1.2%；More preferably 0.6~1.2%；
Chromium：0~0.8%；
Iron：Surplus.
Preferably, a kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, the rare earth element be selected from yttrium, neodymium,
At least one of lanthanum.
A kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, the addition of rare earth element and copper constituent element, is total to other constituent elements
Same-action, the sintering character of material can be directly affected, crystal grain thinning, improves alloy microstructure, while add matrix material
Soft phase constitution is expected, so as to effectively improve the combination property of ferrous alloy, including the strength of materials, toughness, friction and wear behavior with resisting
Be engaged performance, it is notable that these performances are the key properties of Cylinders of Construction Machinery axle sleeve, this for the present invention it is designed and
The material of preparation provides necessary condition as high-quality Cylinders of Construction Machinery axle sleeve.
Preferably, a kind of high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, the hardness of ferrous alloy is HRB 80
~100, crushing strength be 600~650MPa, sintered density be 6.3~6.6g/cm3。
A kind of preparation method of the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, comprises the steps：
Step 1
By design component, with raw material, and 0.6~0.9% binder for taking raw material gross mass by matching somebody with somebody is taken, it is well mixed
After be placed in mould, in 450~600MPa pressure formings, obtain density 6.4~6.7g/cm3 base substrates.Forming pressure choosing of the present invention
450~600MPa is selected, to obtain suitable blank density.This base substrate can meet to connect simultaneously after pre-sintered, high temperature sintering
Through hole gap fully, high intensity, porous requirement, to ensure the high intensity of novel alloy product, high self-lubricating property.
Step 2
In protective atmosphere, base substrate obtained by step 1 is heated to 750~1000 DEG C, is preferably 900~1000 DEG C, insulation
After 1.5~3 hours, furnace cooling, prealloy base substrate is obtained.Base is shaped in pre-sintered state, copper and other constituent elements, matrix material
Partially-alloyed, its effect is to be prepared for matrix material with other constituent element high-temperature alloys, while shapes base by pre-sintered
Afterwards, it can to greatest extent be reduced in the high-temperature alloy stage and form closed pore gap because assembling copper liquid phase.
Step 3
Under protective atmosphere, by prealloy base substrate obtained by step 2,1080~1090 DEG C are warming up to stove, insulation 1~3 is small
When, then 1100~1250 DEG C are warming up to, 1~3 hour is incubated, cools to room temperature with the furnace；Obtain sintered body.Handled through step 3
The high high intensity in the abundant alloying of multicomponent, interconnected pore, porous body afterwards.Ferrous alloy has fully closed in this stage each constituent element
Aurification, realize high intensity and part self-lubricating, fretting wear, anti-seizing property；The interconnected pore tissue being evenly distributed is formed, can
After ensureing vacuum oil immersion, high oil content is obtained, is effectively improved the self-lubricating property of alloy, copper constituent element is uniformly distributed in matrix
In material, a part plays alloy strengthening, and remaining forms soft phase constitution, improves the friction and wear behavior of material.
It is worth noting that, using the pre-sintering of step 2, simultaneous selection is kept for 1~3 hour in super solidus temperature, then
It is warming up to 1100~1250 DEG C of insulations to sinter for 1~3 hour, the key effect of this process is to effectively increase alloy material
While the rate of interconnected pore, the abundant alloying between each constituent element is ensure that, ensure that the requirement of material high intensity, so that this new
Type alloy is provided simultaneously with high intensity and the high large effect of self lubricity two.This is the key characteristic of Cylinders of Construction Machinery axle sleeve.
Step 4
The sintered body that step 3 is obtained, is placed under 10~30mmHg vacuum conditions, lubricating oil is heated to 80~100 DEG C
Afterwards, immersion cell is filled, is kept for 10~30 minutes, obtains the high self-lubricating base substrate of high intensity.
Step 5
It is machined out by design size, obtains finished product.
A kind of preparation method of the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, the binder be selected from stearic acid, paraffin,
At least one of super binder.The super binder is that Guangzhou Qing Fanxiang new materials Co., Ltd production model is skz-800
Super binder.
A kind of preparation method of the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, Step 2: protecting gas described in step 3
Atmosphere is decomposition ammonia/nitrogen-based atmosphere or decomposes ammonia atmosphere；The volume ratio that ammonia and nitrogen are decomposed in the decomposition ammonia/nitrogen-based atmosphere is 1：
4。
The high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity that is of the invention designed and preparing, its Main Tissues is the pearlite of cupric phase
+ hole, thin pearlite dense distribution are uniformly distributed in material matrix, copper phase with hole, and interconnected pore is abundant.Its mechanical property
For：HRB 80~100,600~650MPa of crushing strength, material 6.3~6.6g/cm3 of sintered density, material oil content 15~
19%, service life is more than or equal to 10000 hours, can substitute cast copper oil cylinder axle sleeve completely, meet engineering machinery requirement.
A kind of application of the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, including the high self-lubricating iron-base of the high intensity is closed
Gold is used as Engineering Machinery Components.
Preferably, a kind of application of the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, the engineering machinery zero
Part includes oil cylinder axle sleeve.Certainly, when it is used as oil cylinder axle sleeve, it is prepared according to the following steps, its effect is more superior：
It is prepared by step A shaping dies
According to Cylinders of Construction Machinery axle and shell dimension design requirement, die size is determined, internal-and external diameter 0.5~1mm machines add
Amount, product height dimension is larger, and shaping uses floating die, and rub core bar structure.
Step B dispensings, mixing
By oil cylinder axle sleeve design size, shaped blanks gross mass is calculated according to 6~6.5g/cm3 of shaping density, then,
Each alloy constituent element quality is calculated according to gross mass, and with each alloy constituent element is taken, then take alloy constituent element gross mass by matching somebody with somebody
0.6~0.9% binder；Mixed being added to each alloy constituent element taken in " V " batch mixer 30 minutes, add binder
Mixing 1 hour.
Step C shapes
The step B powder obtained is placed in oil cylinder axle sleeve finishing die obtained by step A, through 450~600MPa pressure into
Shape, obtain density 6.4~6.7g/cm3 base substrates.
Step D is pre-sintered
The base substrate that step C is obtained, 750~1000 DEG C are heated in protective atmosphere, is preferably 900~1000 DEG C, is protected
Temperature cools to room temperature for 1~3 hour with the furnace, obtains prealloy base substrate.
Step E is sintered
The prealloy base substrate that step D is obtained, under the conditions of protective atmosphere, 1080~1090 DEG C are warming up to stove, insulation 1
~3 hours, then 1100~1250 DEG C are warming up to, 1~3 hour is incubated, cools to room temperature with the furnace.Obtain abundant alloying, company
The high high intensity of logical porosity, porous body.
Step F vacuum oil immersions
The sintered body that step E is obtained, it is placed under 10~30mmHg vacuum conditions, lubricating oil is heated to 80~100 DEG C
Afterwards, immersion cell is filled, is kept for 10~30 minutes, obtains the high self-lubricating base substrate of high intensity.Step D, protective atmosphere described in step E
To decompose ammonia/nitrogen-based atmosphere or decomposing ammonia atmosphere；The volume ratio that ammonia and nitrogen are decomposed in the decomposition ammonia/nitrogen-based atmosphere is 1：4.
Step G is machined
By oil cylinder sleeve size required precision, the base substrate of processing the 6th step acquisition.The high self-lubricating of high intensity needed for obtaining
Ferrous alloy product.
Preferably, a kind of application of the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity of the present invention, when the high intensity is high certainly
When lubrication ferrous alloy is used as oil cylinder axle sleeve, its service life is more than or equal to 10000 hours.
The present invention obtains the product of superior performance, the product by the synergy of each component and each technological parameter
During as oil cylinder axle sleeve, its service life and the pressure that can bear are far longer than existing product.
Design of alloy of the present invention is reasonable, and processing technology is simple, it is easy to accomplish mass, scale and automatic metaplasia
Production, can improve production efficiency, save the energy, reduce cost；It is particularly noteworthy that manufactured novel alloy has with product
There is the high self-lubricating property of high intensity.Substitute engineering machinery original to cast copper-based shaft sleeve parts, there is significant advantage, this new conjunction
Not only bearing capacity is strong for gold, and self-lubricating property is substantially better than cast copper material, while can improve each Friction pairs matching, improves
Engineering mechanical device service life, manufacturing cost decline 15~20%, are adapted to industrial applications.
Specific implementation
Embodiment 1
By iron powder, graphite powder, copper powder, molybdenum powder, nickel powder, yttrium powder, tungsten powder according to 78.7:1:14:0.8:4:0.3:1.2 ratio
Example is weighed, and (the super binder is that Guangzhou Qing Fanxiang new materials Co., Ltd production model is to additional 0.6% super binder
Skz-800 super binder.), mixed 1.5 hours in " V " type batch mixer on request；In 600MPa in axle sleeve shaping dies
Forming pressure under shape.Density 6.6g/m3 is controlled, obtains axle sleeve blank；Axle sleeve blank is added in ammonia atmosphere environment is decomposed
Hot to 1000 DEG C are incubated 1 hour, furnace cooling, obtain prealloy axle sleeve base substrate；Then prealloy axle sleeve base substrate is placed in decomposition
In ammonia atmosphere environment with stove be warming up to 1080 DEG C insulation 3 hours after, then be warming up to 1250 DEG C be incubated 1 hour, furnace cooling, obtain
Sintered body, sintered body is placed under 10mmHg vacuum conditions, impregnates 80 DEG C of lubricating oil, keep dip time to be taken after 10 minutes
Go out, obtain oil-containing base substrate, oil-containing base substrate is pressed into sleeve size required precision, processed finished products, HRB 96 after testing, crushing strength
630MPa, density 6.5g/cm3, oil content 16%, by bench test, service life can meet completely up to 10080 hours
Engineering machinery requirement.
Embodiment 2
By iron powder, graphite powder, copper powder, molybdenum powder, nickel powder, chromium powder according to 67.8:0.3:28:0.1:3:0.8 ratio is weighed,
Additional 0.9% zinc stearate binder, mixed 1.5 hours in " V " type mixing machine on request, obtain shaping powder；In axle
Cover in shaping dies in 450MPa Forming under Pressure.Green density 6.4g/cm3；Pressed compact is placed in decomposition ammonia/nitrogen-based atmosphere environment
In with stove be warming up to 750 DEG C (decompose ammonia/nitrogen-based atmosphere ratios 1:4) furnace cooling after being incubated 2 hours, prealloy axle sleeve base is obtained
Body；Base substrate is placed in decomposition ammonia/nitrogen-based atmosphere environment, being warming up to 1090 DEG C with stove is incubated 1 hour, then is warming up to 1180 DEG C of guarantors
Temperature 2 hours, furnace cooling, sintered body needed for acquisition；Sintered body is placed under 20mmHg vacuum conditions, impregnates 90 DEG C of lubrications
Oil, taken out after being kept for 20 minutes immersion oil time, obtain oil-containing base substrate, the oil-containing base substrate of acquisition is processed into axle sleeve finished product.Through inspection
Survey HRB 88, crushing strength 613MPa, density 6.30g/cm3, oil content 19%, by bench test, service life is up to 10008
Hour, cast copper axle sleeve can be substituted to be used for Cylinders of Construction Machinery completely.
Embodiment 3
By iron powder, graphite powder, copper powder, molybdenum powder, nickel powder, yttrium powder, neodymium powder, tungsten powder, chromium powder according to 77.4:0.8:20:0.1:
0.3:0.2:0.2:0.6:0.4 ratio is weighed, and additional 0.7% paraffin binder, is mixed on request in " V " type mixing machine
1.5 hours, obtain shaping powder；In 550MPa Forming under Pressure in axle sleeve shaping dies.Green density 6.5g/cm3；Will pressure
Base be placed in decompose ammonia atmosphere environment in stove be warming up to 900 DEG C insulation 2 hours after furnace cooling, obtain prealloy axle sleeve base substrate；
Base substrate is placed in and decomposed in ammonia atmosphere environment, being warming up to 1090 DEG C with stove is incubated 1 hour, then is warming up to 1100 DEG C and is incubated 3 hours
Furnace cooling, sintered body needed for acquisition；Sintered body is placed under 30mmHg vacuum conditions, impregnates 100 DEG C of lubricating oil, is kept
Taken out after 30 minutes immersion oil time, obtain oil-containing base substrate, the oil-containing base substrate of acquisition is processed into axle sleeve finished product.HRB after testing
100, crushing strength 650MPa, density 6.40g/cm3, oil content 17%, by bench test, service life up to 11000 hours,
Cast copper axle sleeve can be substituted to be used for Cylinders of Construction Machinery completely.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity, it is characterised in that；It is made up of by percentage to the quality following components：Copper：14~28%；Graphite：0.3~1%；Molybdenum：0.1~0.8%；Nickel：0.3~4%；Manganese：0~0.6%；Vanadium：0~0.5%；Rare earth：0~0.4%；Tungsten：0~1.2%；Chromium：0~0.8%；Iron：Surplus.
- A kind of 2. high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that；By percentage to the quality It is made up of following components：Copper：14~20%；Graphite：0.8~1%；Molybdenum：0.1~0.8%；Nickel：0.3~4%；Manganese：0~0.6%；Vanadium：0~0.5%；Rare earth：0~0.4%；Tungsten：0~1.2%；Chromium：0~0.8%；Iron：Surplus.
- A kind of 3. high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that；The rare earth element choosing From at least one of yttrium, neodymium, lanthanum.
- A kind of 4. high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that；The hardness of ferrous alloy Be 600~650MPa for HRB 80~100, crushing strength, sintered density be 6.3~6.6g/cm3。
- 5. a kind of prepare a kind of method of the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity as described in claim 1-4 any one, it is special Sign is；Comprise the steps：Step 1By design component, with raw material, and 0.6~0.9% binder for taking raw material gross mass by matching somebody with somebody is taken, it is well mixed rearmounted In in mould, in 450~600MPa pressure formings, 6.4~6.7g/cm of density is obtained3Base substrate；Step 2In protective atmosphere, base substrate obtained by step 1 is heated to 750~1000 DEG C, after being incubated 1.5~3 hours, furnace cooling, Obtain prealloy base substrate；Step 3Under protective atmosphere, by prealloy base substrates obtained by step 2,1080~1090 DEG C are warming up to stove, is incubated 1~3 hour, 1100~1250 DEG C are warming up to again, are incubated 1~3 hour, are cooled to room temperature with the furnace；Obtain sintered body；Step 4The sintered body that step 3 is obtained, is placed under 10~30mmHg vacuum conditions, after lubricating oil is heated to 80~100 DEG C, Immersion cell is filled, is kept for 10~30 minutes, obtains the high self-lubricating base substrate of high intensity；Step 5It is machined out by design size, obtains finished product.
- A kind of 6. preparation method of the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：It is described Binder is selected from least one of stearic acid, paraffin, super binder, and the super binder is that Guangzhou celebrating sail Xiang new material is limited Company's production model is skz-800 super binder.
- A kind of 7. preparation method of the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Step 2nd, protective atmosphere described in step 3 for decomposition ammonia/nitrogen-based atmosphere or decomposes ammonia atmosphere；Divide in the decomposition ammonia/nitrogen-based atmosphere The volume ratio for solving ammonia and nitrogen is 1：4.
- A kind of 8. application of the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity as described in claim 1-4 any one, it is characterised in that；Bag Include and the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of the high intensity is used as Engineering Machinery Components.
- A kind of 9. application of the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity according to claim 8；It is characterized in that：The engineering machine Tool parts include oil cylinder axle sleeve.
- A kind of 10. application of the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of high intensity according to claim 9；It is characterized in that：When the height When the high self-lubricating ferrous alloy of intensity is used as oil cylinder axle sleeve, its service life is more than or equal to 10000 hours.
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