CN104384502A - Ferrum-based powder metallurgy antifriction material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ferrum-based powder metallurgy antifriction material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ferrum-based powder metallurgy antifriction material and a preparation method thereof. The material is prepared from the following raw materials in part by weight: 72 to 75 parts of mixed iron powder, 5 to 8 parts of barium oxide, 3 to 7 parts of zinc oxide, 2 to 5 parts of metallurgical carbon black, 4 to 8 parts of carbon monofluoride, 4 to 8 parts of micronized wax, 3 to 7 parts of molybdenum powder, 10 to 14 parts of tin powder, 2 to 5 parts of manganese sulfide powder and 3 to 6 parts of alumina powder. The preparation method comprises the following steps of mixing, pressing, sintering, shaping and impregnating oil. The antifriction material has the advantages of high strength and hardness, good electrical conductivity and high-temperature heat stability, good lubricating property and small friction coefficient; moreover, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the processing cost is low, the preparation process is simple, parameters are easy to control, the production process is safe and environment-friendly, and the antifriction material is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite, particularly a kind of iron-base powder-metallurgy anti-friction material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Powder metallurgy be produce metal dust or with metal dust (or mixture of metal dust and non-metal powder) as raw material, through shaping and sintering, produce the industrial technology of metal material, composite and all kinds goods.Powder metallurgy has unique chemical composition and machinery, physical property, and these performances cannot obtain with traditional casting method.Using PM technique directly can make porous, half fine and close or full dense material and goods, as oiliness bearing, gear, cam, guide rod, cutter etc., is a kind of few without Cutting Process.Powder metallurgy, compared with traditional casting method, has following characteristics:
(1) PM technique can reduce alloying component segregation to greatest extent, eliminates thick, uneven cast sturcture.Preparing high-performance rare-earth permanent magnet material, rare earth hydrogen storage material, rare earth luminescent material, rare earth catalyst, high temperature superconducting materia, new metallic material (as Al-Li alloy, heat-resisting Al alloy, superalloy, powder corrosion resisting stainless steel, Powder High-speed Steels, intermetallic compound high-temperature structural material etc.) have important effect.
(2) can prepare the non-equilibrium materials of a series of high-performance such as amorphous, crystallite, accurate brilliant, nanocrystalline and supersaturated solid solution, these materials have the electricity of excellence, magnetics, optics and mechanical property.
(3) can easily realize polytype compound, give full play to each group element material characteristic separately, be the technology of a kind of low-cost production high-performance metal base and ceramic composite.
(4) material with special construction and performance and goods that common smelting process cannot produce can be produced, as novel porous biomaterial, porous diffusion barrier material, high performance structure ceramic grinding tool and ceramic material etc.
(5) near-net shaping and automatic batch production can be realized, thus, effectively can reduce resource and the energy resource consumption of production.
(6) ore, mine tailing, steel-smelting sewage sludge, steel scale of steel rolling can be made full use of, recovery waste metal makes raw material, is a kind of new technology effectively can carrying out material regeneration and comprehensive utilization.
Due to the various advantages of powder metallurgy, the spare and accessory parts that powder metallurgy relevant enterprise has been applicable to the fields such as automobile industry, equipment manufacture, metal industry, Aero-Space, war industry, instrument and meter, hardware & tools, electronic appliance are produced and research, related raw material, auxiliary material are produced, all kinds of powder preparation equipment, agglomerating plant manufacture.Product comprises bearing, gear, hard alloy cutter, mould, friction goods etc.In military enterprise, heavy weaponry is as armor-piercing bullet, and torpedo etc., the brake assemblage such as aircraft tank all need to adopt PM technique to produce.Automobile metal powder sintered parts has become as the maximum market of Chinese Powder Metallurgy Industry in recent years, and the auto parts and components of about 50% are powder metallurgy parts.
At present, global manufacturing is just being accelerated to shift to China, the fast developments such as automobile industry, machine-building, metal industry, Aero-Space, instrument and meter, hardware & tools, engineering machinery, electronic appliance and high-tech industry, for Powder Metallurgy Industry brings rare opportunity to develop and the huge market space.PM technique possess significantly energy-conservation, economize the high and series of advantages such as good stability of material, excellent performance, Product Precision, be very suitable for producing in enormous quantities.In addition, the material that part conventional casting methods and machining process cannot be prepared and complex parts also available powders metallurgical technology manufacture, thus enjoy the attention of industrial quarters.In addition, powder metallurgy industry is listed in by China and is first developed and encourage foreign-invested project, and development prospect is wide.
After China joined WTO, internationalize gradually in market, and powder metallurgy market will obtain the chance expanded further; But China's Powder Metallurgy Industry have passed through the high speed development of nearly 10 years, but still there is very large gap with the external same industry: most enterprise lacks technical support, research and development ability falls behind, and product specification is low, be difficult to and external competition, technological equipment, auxiliary facility fall behind.Powder metallurgy classification is mainly: powder metallurgy porous material, antifriction material of powder metallurgy, powder metallurgy friction material, powder metallurgy structural parts, powder metallurgy tool die material and powder metallurgy electromagnetic material and powder metallurgy high-temperature material etc.Wherein, antifriction material of powder metallurgy, with powder metallurgy process manufactures, coefficient of friction in relative motion between mutual friction surface is less metal, alloy or metallic composite, also known as sintered antifriction material.Sintered antifriction material is widely used in and manufactures sliding bearing, thrust bearing, end face seal, support sleeve etc.Its major advantage is under the condition of limited lubrication oil, and service life is longer and reliability is higher.Sintered antifriction material can be divided into two classes by its manufacture method.One class in material hole, is soaked with lubricating oil or in material composition, is added with (or filling on its top layer multiple) anti-friction agent or kollag (graphite, oxide, sulfide, nitride, fluoroplastics or other plastics).The lubricant lubrication that this kind of material relies on self or top layer to contain under DRY SLIDING, namely has self-lubricating effect.Another kind of is the composite of steel and sintered alloy, as sintered one deck Pot metal powder etc. on steel band.The bearing capacity of this kind of material is larger than last class, generally in order to manufacture heavy-duty bearing.The developing trend of sintered antifriction material improves bearing capacity that is porous iron-based and copper-based material, develops the material that can use under higher temperature and worse friction condition, develop the material that can work in vacuum and inert gas.At present, iron-based sintered antifriction material is because its excellent intensity and anti-wear performance, aft-loaded airfoil spillage of material are little and the advantage such as high performance-price ratio, alternative materials as copper alloy is applied in sliding bearing, the secondary field such as part and Hydraulic Elements of automotive friction, and wherein driven gears pump side plate is exactly the prominent example of iron-based sintered antifriction material application in Hydraulic Elements are produced.But the antifriction performance of iron based material is generally be not as good as copper-based material, and especially in oil-poor and higher temperatures operating mode, surface of friction pair adhesive wear easily occurs and is even engaged.Especially anti stickness poor performance, can bring mortal injury to machine, the oil distribution casing of such as vane pump, being in the case of an overload engaged of oil distribution casing and high speed rotational blade, and will cause the operational failure of whole vane pump.Therefore, how to improve the anti stickness of the sintered self-lubricated material of iron-based, the performance such as wear-resistant seems particularly important.And China is correlated with, the composition of raw materials of antifriction material of powder metallurgy and sintering process are relative to being also in the backward stage abroad, thus cause the physical property of antifriction material of powder metallurgy and processing performance on the low side.Very large gap is also there is compared with foreign technology.So want above all deficiencies and weakness to be improved, that powder metallurgy and relevant technical merit must be improved and develop.Therefore in the urgent need to finding a kind of iron-base powder-metallurgy anti-friction material and preparation method thereof with better anti stickness, abrasion resistance properties.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency that prior art exists, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, provides a kind of iron-base powder-metallurgy anti-friction material and preparation method thereof with better anti stickness, abrasion resistance properties.For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of iron-base powder-metallurgy anti-friction material, is made up of the raw material of following weight: mixing iron powder 72-75 part, barium monoxide 5-8 part, zinc oxide 3-7 part, Carbon Black for Metallurgical 2-5 part, fluorographite 4-8 part, micro-wax powder 4-8 part, molybdenum powder 3-7 part, glass putty 10-14 part, sulfuration manganese powder 2-5 part and alumina powder 3-6 part.
Described mixing iron powder is mixed by carbonyl iron dust and reduced iron powder, and the mass percent of carbonyl iron dust is 45 ~ 48%, and the mass percent of reduced iron powder is 52 ~ 55%.
Described mixing iron powder is 300 orders, barium monoxide is 200 orders, zinc oxide is 200 orders, Carbon Black for Metallurgical is 100 orders, fluorographite is 100 orders, micro-wax powder is 100 orders, molybdenum powder is 200 orders, glass putty is 250 orders, sulfuration manganese powder be 200 orders and alumina powder is 200 orders.
A preparation method for iron-base powder-metallurgy anti-friction material, the method comprises following preparation process:
A, mixing: weighed by described proportioning by powder, put into double cone mixer and mix 60 minutes with the rotating speed of 300r/min, make the powder mixed; B, compacting: the powder mixed is placed in mould, make type at 740 ~ 760MPa pressure and obtain pressed compact, and pressure is 4 ~ 6T/cm
2; C, sintering: pressed compact is placed in net strip sintering furnace and sinters, sinter in protective atmosphere, in sintering process, pressure is 5.1 MPas, pressed compact is first through the preheating zone of 920 ~ 950 DEG C, preheating time is 1.5h, then enters the sintering belt of 1220 DEG C, insulation 2h, finally with 25-30 DEG C/min, the product after pressure sintering is cooled to room temperature from sintering temperature, obtains sintered body; D, shaping: sintered body is suppressed shaping and obtains casting die; E, immersion oil: casting die is carried out immersion oil process in dip lubrication oil under vacuum is for a negative atmospheric pressure, and the immersion oil time is 30 minutes.
The lubricating oil of the model YQ-28# that described lubricating oil is produced by company of XOM, aviation kerosine, antiwear additive and antirust oil are by mass percentage for the ratio of 50:45:3:2 forms.
Described protective atmosphere is hydrogen or nitrogen.
the present invention has following beneficial effect:the invention provides antifriction material and there is more eager to do well in everything, hardness, good electric conductivity and high high-temp stability, the advantage that favorable lubricating property, coefficient of friction are little; And raw material is easy to get, processing cost is low, preparation technology is simple, parameter is easily controlled, production process safety and environmental protection, is applicable to large-scale industrial production; By to the adjustment of material composition and optimization, define the New Friction-reducing material with the hard wild phase of high strength and finely dispersed lubrication antifriction phase strong bonded, can be widely used in the mechanized equipments such as iron and steel, metallurgy, the energy.
Detailed description of the invention
embodiment 1
A kind of iron-base powder-metallurgy anti-friction material, is made up of the raw material of following weight: mixing iron powder 72 parts, 5 parts, barium monoxide, 3 parts, zinc oxide, Carbon Black for Metallurgical 2 parts, fluorographite 4 parts, 4 parts, micro-wax powder, molybdenum powder 3 parts, glass putty 10 parts, sulfuration manganese powder 2 parts and alumina powder 3 parts.Wherein, mixing iron powder is mixed by carbonyl iron dust and reduced iron powder, and the mass percent of carbonyl iron dust is 45%, and the mass percent of reduced iron powder is 55%.
Mixing iron powder is 300 orders, barium monoxide is 200 orders, zinc oxide is 200 orders, Carbon Black for Metallurgical is 100 orders, fluorographite is 100 orders, micro-wax powder is 100 orders, molybdenum powder is 200 orders, glass putty is 250 orders, sulfuration manganese powder be 200 orders and alumina powder is 200 orders.
Its preparation method is as follows:
A, mixing: weighed by described proportioning by powder, put into double cone mixer and mix 60 minutes with the rotating speed of 300r/min, make the powder mixed; B, compacting: the powder mixed is placed in mould, make type at 740MPa pressure and obtain pressed compact, and pressure is 4T/cm
2; C, sintering: pressed compact is placed in net strip sintering furnace and sinters, sinter in protective atmosphere, in sintering process, pressure is 5.1 MPas, pressed compact is first through the preheating zone of 920 DEG C, preheating time is 1.5h, then enters the sintering belt of 1220 DEG C, insulation 2h, finally with 25 DEG C/min, the product after pressure sintering is cooled to room temperature from sintering temperature, obtains sintered body; D, shaping: sintered body is suppressed shaping and obtains casting die; E, immersion oil: casting die is carried out immersion oil process in dip lubrication oil under vacuum is for a negative atmospheric pressure, and the immersion oil time is 30 minutes.
The lubricating oil of the model YQ-28# that lubricating oil is produced by company of XOM, aviation kerosine, antiwear additive and antirust oil are by mass percentage for the ratio of 50:45:3:2 forms.
Described protective atmosphere is hydrogen.
Through detecting, the density of the present embodiment product is 6.14g/cm3, hardness is 81HRB, coefficient of friction is 0.091, Wear track depth is 0.018mm, friction Temperature Rise is 102 DEG C.
embodiment 2
A kind of iron-base powder-metallurgy anti-friction material, is made up of the raw material of following weight: mixing iron powder 73 parts, 6 parts, barium monoxide, 4 parts, zinc oxide, Carbon Black for Metallurgical 3 parts, fluorographite 6 parts, 5 parts, micro-wax powder, molybdenum powder 4 parts, glass putty 11 parts, sulfuration manganese powder 3 parts and alumina powder 4 parts.Wherein, mixing iron powder is mixed by carbonyl iron dust and reduced iron powder, and the mass percent of carbonyl iron dust is 46%, and the mass percent of reduced iron powder is 54%.
Mixing iron powder is 300 orders, barium monoxide is 200 orders, zinc oxide is 200 orders, Carbon Black for Metallurgical is 100 orders, fluorographite is 100 orders, micro-wax powder is 100 orders, molybdenum powder is 200 orders, glass putty is 250 orders, sulfuration manganese powder be 200 orders and alumina powder is 200 orders.
Its preparation method is as follows:
A, mixing: weighed by described proportioning by powder, put into double cone mixer and mix 60 minutes with the rotating speed of 300r/min, make the powder mixed; B, compacting: the powder mixed is placed in mould, make type at 750MPa pressure and obtain pressed compact, and pressure is 5T/cm
2; C, sintering: pressed compact is placed in net strip sintering furnace and sinters, sinter in protective atmosphere, in sintering process, pressure is 5.1 MPas, pressed compact is first through the preheating zone of 930 DEG C, preheating time is 1.5h, then enters the sintering belt of 1220 DEG C, insulation 2h, finally with 26 DEG C/min, the product after pressure sintering is cooled to room temperature from sintering temperature, obtains sintered body; D, shaping: sintered body is suppressed shaping and obtains casting die; E, immersion oil: casting die is carried out immersion oil process in dip lubrication oil under vacuum is for a negative atmospheric pressure, and the immersion oil time is 30 minutes.
The lubricating oil of the model YQ-28# that lubricating oil is produced by company of XOM, aviation kerosine, antiwear additive and antirust oil are by mass percentage for the ratio of 50:45:3:2 forms.
Described protective atmosphere is hydrogen.
Through detecting, the density of the present embodiment product is 6.19g/cm3, hardness is 83HRB, coefficient of friction is 0.094, Wear track depth is 0.017mm, friction Temperature Rise is 107 DEG C.
embodiment 3
A kind of iron-base powder-metallurgy anti-friction material, is made up of the raw material of following weight: mixing iron powder 74 parts, 7 parts, barium monoxide, 6 parts, zinc oxide, Carbon Black for Metallurgical 4 parts, fluorographite 7 parts, 7 parts, micro-wax powder, molybdenum powder 6 parts, glass putty 13 parts, sulfuration manganese powder 4 parts and alumina powder 5 parts.Wherein, mixing iron powder is mixed by carbonyl iron dust and reduced iron powder, and the mass percent of carbonyl iron dust is 47%, and the mass percent of reduced iron powder is 53%.
Mixing iron powder is 300 orders, barium monoxide is 200 orders, zinc oxide is 200 orders, Carbon Black for Metallurgical is 100 orders, fluorographite is 100 orders, micro-wax powder is 100 orders, molybdenum powder is 200 orders, glass putty is 250 orders, sulfuration manganese powder be 200 orders and alumina powder is 200 orders.
Its preparation method is as follows:
A, mixing: weighed by described proportioning by powder, put into double cone mixer and mix 60 minutes with the rotating speed of 300r/min, make the powder mixed; B, compacting: the powder mixed is placed in mould, make type at 760MPa pressure and obtain pressed compact, and pressure is 5T/cm
2; C, sintering: pressed compact is placed in net strip sintering furnace and sinters, sinter in protective atmosphere, in sintering process, pressure is 5.1 MPas, pressed compact is first through the preheating zone of 940 DEG C, preheating time is 1.5h, then enters the sintering belt of 1220 DEG C, insulation 2h, finally with 28 DEG C/min, the product after pressure sintering is cooled to room temperature from sintering temperature, obtains sintered body; D, shaping: sintered body is suppressed shaping and obtains casting die; E, immersion oil: casting die is carried out immersion oil process in dip lubrication oil under vacuum is for a negative atmospheric pressure, and the immersion oil time is 30 minutes.
The lubricating oil of the model YQ-28# that lubricating oil is produced by company of XOM, aviation kerosine, antiwear additive and antirust oil are by mass percentage for the ratio of 50:45:3:2 forms.
Described protective atmosphere is nitrogen.
Through detecting, the density of the present embodiment product is 6.14g/cm3, hardness is 84HRB, coefficient of friction is 0.096, Wear track depth is 0.015mm, friction Temperature Rise is 109 DEG C.
embodiment 4
A kind of iron-base powder-metallurgy anti-friction material, is made up of the raw material of following weight: mixing iron powder 75 parts, 8 parts, barium monoxide, 7 parts, zinc oxide, Carbon Black for Metallurgical 5 parts, fluorographite 8 parts, 8 parts, micro-wax powder, molybdenum powder 7 parts, glass putty 10-14 part, sulfuration manganese powder 5 parts and alumina powder 6 parts.Wherein, mixing iron powder is mixed by carbonyl iron dust and reduced iron powder, and the mass percent of carbonyl iron dust is 48%, and the mass percent of reduced iron powder is 55%.
Mixing iron powder is 300 orders, barium monoxide is 200 orders, zinc oxide is 200 orders, Carbon Black for Metallurgical is 100 orders, fluorographite is 100 orders, micro-wax powder is 100 orders, molybdenum powder is 200 orders, glass putty is 250 orders, sulfuration manganese powder be 200 orders and alumina powder is 200 orders.
Its preparation method is as follows:
A, mixing: weighed by described proportioning by powder, put into double cone mixer and mix 60 minutes with the rotating speed of 300r/min, make the powder mixed; B, compacting: the powder mixed is placed in mould, make type at 760MPa pressure and obtain pressed compact, and pressure is 6T/cm
2; C, sintering: pressed compact is placed in net strip sintering furnace and sinters, sinter in protective atmosphere, in sintering process, pressure is 5.1 MPas, pressed compact is first through the preheating zone of 950 DEG C, preheating time is 1.5h, then enters the sintering belt of 1220 DEG C, insulation 2h, finally with 30 DEG C/min, the product after pressure sintering is cooled to room temperature from sintering temperature, obtains sintered body; D, shaping: sintered body is suppressed shaping and obtains casting die; E, immersion oil: casting die is carried out immersion oil process in dip lubrication oil under vacuum is for a negative atmospheric pressure, and the immersion oil time is 30 minutes.
The lubricating oil of the model YQ-28# that lubricating oil is produced by company of XOM, aviation kerosine, antiwear additive and antirust oil are by mass percentage for the ratio of 50:45:3:2 forms.
Described protective atmosphere is nitrogen.
Through detecting, the density of the present embodiment product is 6.21g/cm3, hardness is 84HRB, coefficient of friction is 0.096, Wear track depth is 0.013mm, friction Temperature Rise is 107 DEG C.
Claims (6)
1. an iron-base powder-metallurgy anti-friction material, is characterized in that being made up of the raw material of following weight: mixing iron powder 72-75 part, barium monoxide 5-8 part, zinc oxide 3-7 part, Carbon Black for Metallurgical 2-5 part, fluorographite 4-8 part, micro-wax powder 4-8 part, molybdenum powder 3-7 part, glass putty 10-14 part, sulfuration manganese powder 2-5 part and alumina powder 3-6 part.
2. according to the iron-base powder-metallurgy anti-friction material described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described mixing iron powder is mixed by carbonyl iron dust and reduced iron powder, the mass percent of carbonyl iron dust is 45 ~ 48%, and the mass percent of reduced iron powder is 52 ~ 55%.
3. according to the iron-base powder-metallurgy anti-friction material described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described mixing iron powder is 300 orders, barium monoxide is 200 orders, zinc oxide is 200 orders, Carbon Black for Metallurgical is 100 orders, fluorographite is 100 orders, micro-wax powder is 100 orders, molybdenum powder is 200 orders, glass putty is 250 orders, sulfuration manganese powder be 200 orders and alumina powder is 200 orders.
4. a preparation method for the iron-base powder-metallurgy anti-friction material described in claim 1, is characterized in that, the method comprises following preparation process:
A, mixing: weighed by described proportioning by powder, put into double cone mixer and mix 60 minutes with the rotating speed of 300r/min, make the powder mixed; B, compacting: the powder mixed is placed in mould, make type at 740 ~ 760MPa pressure and obtain pressed compact, and pressure is 4 ~ 6T/cm
2; C, sintering: pressed compact is placed in net strip sintering furnace and sinters, sinter in protective atmosphere, in sintering process, pressure is 5.1 MPas, pressed compact is first through the preheating zone of 920 ~ 950 DEG C, preheating time is 1.5h, then enters the sintering belt of 1220 DEG C, insulation 2h, finally with 25-30 DEG C/min, the product after pressure sintering is cooled to room temperature from sintering temperature, obtains sintered body; D, shaping: sintered body is suppressed shaping and obtains casting die; E, immersion oil: casting die is carried out immersion oil process in dip lubrication oil under vacuum is for a negative atmospheric pressure, and the immersion oil time is 30 minutes.
5. according to the preparation method of the iron-base powder-metallurgy anti-friction material described in claim 4, it is characterized in that: the lubricating oil of the model YQ-28# that described lubricating oil is produced by company of XOM, aviation kerosine, antiwear additive and antirust oil are by mass percentage for the ratio of 50:45:3:2 forms.
6. the preparation method of iron-base powder-metallurgy anti-friction material according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described protective atmosphere is hydrogen or nitrogen.
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| CN105154755A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-16 | 苏州莱特复合材料有限公司 | Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant alloy steel material |
| CN105154698A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-16 | 苏州莱特复合材料有限公司 | Preparation method of nickel-based high-temperature-resistant alloy material |
| CN105170985A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-23 | 韩功篑 | Powder metallurgy cam and preparation method thereof |
| CN108176294A (en) * | 2018-03-04 | 2018-06-19 | 华北理工大学 | A kind of powder metallurgy milling and feed device |
| JP2019011513A (en) * | 2016-02-08 | 2019-01-24 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Iron-based sintered body |
| CN111719088A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-29 | 江苏振栋精密材料科技有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant precision switch material for melting furnace |
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| CN105170985A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-23 | 韩功篑 | Powder metallurgy cam and preparation method thereof |
| JP2019011513A (en) * | 2016-02-08 | 2019-01-24 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Iron-based sintered body |
| CN108176294A (en) * | 2018-03-04 | 2018-06-19 | 华北理工大学 | A kind of powder metallurgy milling and feed device |
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Application publication date: 20150304 |