CN102915665B - Coalbed methane earthquake physical model and making method thereof - Google Patents
Coalbed methane earthquake physical model and making method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a coalbed methane earthquake physical model and a making method thereof. The making method comprises the following steps: determining a proportionality coefficient of the coalbed methane earthquake physical model; according to the proportionality coefficient of the coalbed methane earthquake physical model, making a mould of the coalbed methane earthquake physical model; pouring a selected surrounding rock material and a selected simulating coalbed material into the mould of the coalbed methane earthquake physical model; and making an enriched coalbed methane area in the poured simulating coalbed material. The coalbed methane earthquake physical model comprises the mould of the coalbed methane earthquake physical model, which is made according to the determined proportionality coefficient of the coalbed methane earthquake physical model, the surrounding rock material and the simulating coalbed material, which are poured into the mould of the coalbed methane earthquake physical model, and the enriched coalbed methane area inside the poured simulating coalbed material. The coalbed methane earthquake physical model and the making method thereof have the technical effects as follows: field actual geological conditions can be simulated in a relatively real way; and a strong guidance is provided for actual reservoir research and exploitation of coalbed methane.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the geophysical research field of oil-gas exploration and development, particularly relate to method for making and the coal-seam gas seismic physical model of coal-seam gas seismic physical model.
Background technology
Coalbed methane reservoir is generally all made up of multiple thin layer, and p-wave impedance difference is little, and crack is very grown, and changes greatly in length and breadth to physical property characteristic, and the meticulous depiction in coal seam is inherently more difficult; In addition, coal-seam gas is mainly composed with unimolecule adsorbed state and is stored among coal seam, coalbed methane reservoir is again a kind of hyposmosis, deformable double media, there is the features such as nonuniformity is strong, anisotropy strong, complex pore structure, the rock physical property of conventional gas and oil reservoir and geophysical character can not describe the specific respone of coal seam reservoirs exactly, and this brings very large difficulty to undoubtedly the prediction of bed gas reservoir, comprehensive evaluation and exploitation.
Done many research to the geophysical techniques in cbm exploration both at home and abroad, and achieved some important achievements in research, the further investigation for lower step have accumulated certain technical foundation.Qi Jinghua (1996) has derived from geometric theory the mathematic(al) representation of coal seam reflection wave.Bottom boundary reflection coefficient, as relevant, namely relevant with thickness of coal seam in penetrated wavelet, the ripple two-way time in coal seam is pushed up in coal output layer reflection wave and coal seam.Marroquo etc. (2003), when studying Fruidand coal seam seismic properties forecasting coal layer thickness and the fracture density of san juan basin, mainly make use of well-log information and P wave seismic data.Thickness of coal seam three dimensional seismic data and well-log information are predicted.Dong Shouhua etc. (2004) devise Seismic-geologic Models according to geology, seismic data, simulate the seismic properties such as echo amplitude, frequency in the situations such as coal seam disappearance, stripping mistake, bifurcated, merging and discuss these attributes to different coal Thickness sensitivity simultaneously.The seismic multiple-attributes analysis technology of transversely Stable distritation is combined with longitudinal upper high-resolution well-log information by Yang Ruizhao etc. (2005), likely predicts the zone of enrichment of coal-seam gas.
Comparatively speaking, domestic coal-seam gas geophysical exploration technology research is more scattered, entirety is in the research and probe stage, need the fundamental research of strengthening system, carry out gordian technique test, realize the key breakthrough of coal-seam gas geophysical techniques, form the geophysical techniques series adapting to Coalbed Methane In China exploratory development geologic feature as early as possible, serve and be applied to the Efficient Exploration exploitation of coal-seam gas.And the maximum feature of seismic physical model technology to simulate the actual geological condition in field more truly, for actual coalbed methane reservoir research and exploitation provide strong guidance.
Realizing in process of the present invention, inventor finds that in prior art, at least there are the following problems: there is not a kind of seismic physical model can simulate the actual geological condition in field more truly at present, for actual coalbed methane reservoir research and exploitation provide strong guidance.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method for making and coal-seam gas seismic physical model of coal-seam gas seismic physical model, can simulate the actual geological condition in field more truly, for actual coalbed methane reservoir research and exploitation provide strong guidance.
On the one hand, embodiments provide a kind of method for making of coal-seam gas seismic physical model, the method for making of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model comprises:
Determine the scale-up factor of coal-seam gas seismic physical model;
According to the scale-up factor of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model, make the mould of coal-seam gas seismic physical model;
The country rock material of selection and simulation coal seam material are cast in the mould of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model;
Enriching Coalbed Methane district is made in the described simulation coal seam material poured into a mould;
The described scale-up factor determining coal-seam gas seismic physical model, comprising:
According to the geologic aspects of field reality, determine the scale-up factor of coal-seam gas seismic physical model; The scale-up factor of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model comprises for 1:5000;
The described country rock material selected is: epoxy resin and hardening agent; The described simulation coal seam material selected is: epoxy resin, silicon rubber and hardening agent, and the blending ratio of described country rock material epoxy resin and hardening agent is 4.5:0.4 or 5:0.5; The blending ratio of described simulation coal seam material epoxy resin, silicon rubber and hardening agent is 3:1:0.3.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, described the country rock material of selection and simulation coal seam material are cast in the mould of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model, comprise: the country rock material of selection and/or simulation coal seam material are cast in the mould of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model by mode in layer: production order is start to most top layer from bottom, repair after this layer of solidification after having built one deck, and then carry out other one deck build work, that carries out a series of stratum in such a manner builds work, to complete the making of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, describedly in the described simulation coal seam material poured into a mould, make Enriching Coalbed Methane district, comprise: carry out filling with the material of low speed or the mode in manual manufacture crack makes Enriching Coalbed Methane district in the described simulation coal seam material poured into a mould, then the demoulding is carried out, finishing.
On the other hand, embodiments provide a kind of coal-seam gas seismic physical model, described coal-seam gas seismic physical model comprises:
The mould of coal-seam gas seismic physical model, makes for the scale-up factor according to the coal-seam gas seismic physical model determined, wherein, the scale-up factor of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model is determine according to the geologic aspects of field reality; The scale-up factor of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model comprises for 1:5000;
Country rock material and simulation coal seam material, be cast in the mould of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model;
Enriching Coalbed Methane district, is arranged in the described simulation coal seam material poured into a mould;
The described country rock material selected is: epoxy resin and hardening agent; The described simulation coal seam material selected is: epoxy resin, silicon rubber and hardening agent, and the blending ratio of described country rock material epoxy resin and hardening agent is 4.5:0.4 or 5:0.5; The blending ratio of described simulation coal seam material epoxy resin, silicon rubber and hardening agent is 3:1:0.3.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, described country rock material and simulation coal seam material, be cast in the mould of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model, comprise: the country rock material of selection and/or simulation coal seam material are cast in by mode in layer in the mould of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model: production order is start to most top layer from bottom, repair after this layer of solidification after having built one deck, and then carry out other one deck build work, that carries out a series of stratum in such a manner builds work, to complete the making of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, described Enriching Coalbed Methane district, for carrying out with the material of low speed filling or the mode in manual manufacture crack completes in the described simulation coal seam material poured into a mould, then carries out the demoulding, finishing.
Technique scheme has following beneficial effect: because adopt the scale-up factor determining coal-seam gas seismic physical model; According to the scale-up factor of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model, make the mould of coal-seam gas seismic physical model; The country rock material of selection and simulation coal seam material are cast in the mould of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model; The technological means in Enriching Coalbed Methane district is made, so have following technique effect: the actual geological condition in field can be simulated more truly, for actual coalbed methane reservoir research and exploitation provide strong guidance in the described simulation coal seam material poured into a mould.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the method for making process flow diagram of a kind of coal-seam gas seismic physical model of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of coal-seam gas seismic physical model of embodiment of the present invention structural representation;
Fig. 3 is the fabrication processing figure of application example coal-seam gas seismic physical model of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, be the method for making process flow diagram of a kind of coal-seam gas seismic physical model of the embodiment of the present invention, the method for making of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model comprises:
101, the scale-up factor of coal-seam gas seismic physical model is determined;
102, according to the scale-up factor of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model, the mould of coal-seam gas seismic physical model is made;
103, the country rock material of selection and simulation coal seam material are cast in the mould of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model;
104, in the described simulation coal seam material poured into a mould, Enriching Coalbed Methane district is made.
Optionally, the described scale-up factor determining coal-seam gas seismic physical model, comprising: according to the geologic aspects of field reality, determines the scale-up factor of coal-seam gas seismic physical model; The scale-up factor of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model comprises for 1:5000.
Optionally, described the country rock material of selection and simulation coal seam material are cast in the mould of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model, comprise: the country rock material of selection and/or simulation coal seam material are cast in the mould of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model by mode in layer: production order is start to most top layer from bottom, repair after this layer of solidification after having built one deck, and then carry out other one deck build work, that carries out a series of stratum in such a manner builds work, to complete the making of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model; The described country rock material selected is: epoxy resin and hardening agent; The described simulation coal seam material selected is: epoxy resin, silicon rubber and hardening agent.
Optionally, the blending ratio of described country rock material epoxy resin and hardening agent is 4.5:0.4 or 5:0.5; The blending ratio of described simulation coal seam material epoxy resin, silicon rubber and hardening agent is 3:1:0.3.
Optionally, describedly in the described simulation coal seam material poured into a mould, make Enriching Coalbed Methane district, comprise: carry out filling with the material of low speed or the mode in manual manufacture crack makes Enriching Coalbed Methane district in the described simulation coal seam material poured into a mould, then carry out the demoulding, finishing.
Corresponding to said method embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, be a kind of coal-seam gas seismic physical model of embodiment of the present invention structural representation, described coal-seam gas seismic physical model comprises:
The mould 21 of coal-seam gas seismic physical model, makes for the scale-up factor according to the coal-seam gas seismic physical model determined;
Country rock material 22 and simulation coal seam material 23, be cast in the mould 21 of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model;
Enriching Coalbed Methane district 24, is arranged in the described simulation coal seam material 23 poured into a mould.
Optionally, the scale-up factor of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model is determine according to the geologic aspects of field reality; The scale-up factor of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model comprises for 1:5000.
Optionally, described country rock material and simulation coal seam material, be cast in the mould of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model, comprise: the country rock material of selection and/or simulation coal seam material are cast in by mode in layer in the mould of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model: production order is start to most top layer from bottom, repair after this layer of solidification after having built one deck, and then carry out other one deck build work, that carries out a series of stratum in such a manner builds work, to complete the making of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model; The described country rock material selected is: epoxy resin and hardening agent; The described simulation coal seam material selected is: epoxy resin, silicon rubber and hardening agent.
Optionally, the blending ratio of described country rock material epoxy resin and hardening agent is 4.5:0.4 or 5:0.5; The blending ratio of described simulation coal seam material epoxy resin, silicon rubber and hardening agent is 3:1:0.3.
Optionally, described Enriching Coalbed Methane district, for carrying out with the material of low speed filling or the mode in manual manufacture crack completes in the described simulation coal seam material poured into a mould, then carries out the demoulding, finishing.
Embodiment of the present invention said method and device technique scheme have following beneficial effect: because adopt the scale-up factor determining coal-seam gas seismic physical model; According to the scale-up factor of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model, make the mould of coal-seam gas seismic physical model; The country rock material of selection and simulation coal seam material are cast in the mould of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model; In the described simulation coal seam of having poured into a mould, material makes the technological means in Enriching Coalbed Methane district, so have following technique effect: can simulate the actual geological condition in field more truly, for actual coalbed methane reservoir research and exploitation provide strong guidance.
One of object of application example of the present invention is the method for making providing a kind of coal-seam gas seismic physical model, another object is to provide and makes according to described method the coal-seam gas seismic physical model obtaining meeting designing requirement, analyze with the coal-seam gas seismic response of reality, a kind of new approaches studying coalbed gas seismic exploration are provided.
Railway Project below laboratory can run into when building and making coal-seam gas physical model, one is choosing of the ratio of model, owing to finding the very thin thickness in coal seam in actual recovery process, general at about several meters, tens meters of coal seams to twenties meters of left and right thicknesses just belong to thick sandstone, the buried depth in coal seam is in the majority between 1000m to 2000m, be compared to depth of burial, thickness of coal seam seems too small, laboratory is when building physical model, and the scale-up factor how choosing adaptation two kinds of sizes is a main difficult problem.Next is choosing of simulation coal seam material, due to the medium that coal seam is low-density, low velocity, be difficult to find suitable material to simulate, laboratory worker, by the mixing match of a large amount of experimental works according to different materials, determines the material in convenient analog coal seam.3rd is the simulation in Enriching Coalbed Methane district, although coal seam is the reservoir of coal-seam gas, but not all coal seam all has extraction value, therefore Enriching Coalbed Methane region is only found just to have meaning, Enriching Coalbed Methane district is crack comparative development with the difference in coal seam on earthquake petrophysics property, speed and density decrease to some degree, so utilize physical model can start with from two aspects to simulate Enriching Coalbed Methane district: 1, use the material of more low velocity to fill coal seam; 2, on the coal seam made, crack is portrayed.Bring the problem of two aspects: also want choosing of the material of low speed than design coal seam, and how cracks in coal seam makes and just more tally with the actual situation simultaneously.
In above-mentioned three problems mentioned, primary solution be the determination of model space scale-up factor, if the scale-up factor ratio of field physical size (the physical model yardstick with) is chosen too small, and due to thickness of coal seam too thin, making on physical model is difficult to realize, if scale-up factor is chosen excessive, one is that the volume of physical model strains greatly mutually, consume material increases and the duration increases, two is can impact choosing of speed proportional, increases the difficulty choosing suitable rate material.Contrast and theory calculate by experiment, finally determine that the scale-up factor of space scale selects 1:5000 the most suitable, under this ratio, 1mm in physical model represents the 5m in reality, like this according to the variation in thickness in coal seam, thickness in physical model is change between 1mm ~ 4mm, and physical model can realize the making precision that thickness is 1mm in making.
Coalbed coring is different from other rock stratum, simulate low close, the low speed feature in coal seam in implementation process, have certain difficulty, by carrying out the proportioning test of multiple ratio to epoxy resin, silicon rubber and hardening agent, and finally determine that the ratio of epoxy resin, silicon rubber and hardening agent is when 3:1:0.3 according to requirement of the present invention, be conducive to simulating coal seam.For simulation Enriching Coalbed Methane district feature, which floor in certain made coal seam, choose several pieces of regions respectively simulate as target area, one is fill some region with the water glass lower than coal seam speed, two is utilize icking tool to delineate several pieces of regions, making people is crack, use the blade of two kinds of different in width (0.5mm and 0.1mm) to cut coal seam respectively, manufacture crack.
As shown in Figure 3, be the fabrication processing figure of application example coal-seam gas seismic physical model of the present invention, specifically comprise:
1, field geology overview
Ordos Basin 2000m with shallow Methane Resources Quantity In Coal Seams more than 1 × 1012m3, wherein typical with Hancheng block, this block grows 13 layers of coal, be main gas bearing reservoir with the 11# of 3#, 5# coal seam of Shanxi group and Taiyuan Forma-tion, east northeast ~ Nan Xi is presented to spread containing structure of coal, total structure form is that northwest (NW) is inclined to, uniclinal structure not of northwards inclining, and simulation region elects thing 4 kilometers as, 5 kilometers, north and south.
2, design of physical model and making
1) determination of scale-up factor
According to the geologic aspects of field reality, finally determine that the scale-up factor of space scale selects 1:5000 the most suitable, under this ratio, 1mm in physical model represents the 5m in reality, like this according to the variation in thickness in coal seam, thickness in physical model is change between 1mm ~ 4mm, and actual geology region area narrows down within the scope of 100 × 80 ㎝.
2) physical model Mold Making
According to the country rock stratum of reality and the planar distribution in coal seam and structural attitude, draw Making mold drawing, then make mould according to the scale-up factor of design, the mould that architectonic like this form just can be passed through to make in advance is controlled.The mould that needs according to modelling can make holotype and negative norm, negative norm makes and can directly obtain required form, and with also needing during holotype to do a negative norm again.
3) Material selec-tion and proportioning
For analogue formation, epoxy resin, silicon rubber and hardening agent are best making materials because this different materials can liquid lower fully mixing again, and by hardening agent to act on a period of time Post RDBMS shaping, and stable performance after solidification.By carrying out the proportioning test of multiple ratio, the ratio of epoxy resin, silicon rubber and hardening agent, when 3:1:0.3, is conducive to simulating coal seam.Because coal seam has the physical properties of rock feature of low speed, low close, high wave impedance, lot of experiments has been carried out in the process in simulation coal seam, by carrying out the proportioning of multiple ratio, determining that the ratio of epoxy resin, silicon rubber and hardening agent is when 3:1:0.3, being conducive to simulating coal seam.For choosing of the material for simulating country rock stratum, than being easier to, select epoxy resin and hardening agent to carry out the mixing of different proportion, in modelling, select epoxy resin and hardening agent to be the simulation that two groups of blending ratios of 4.5:0.4 and 5:0.5 carry out country rock stratum.
4) modelling
Be poured into according to designing requirement by material good for proportioning and design and in the mould made, production order to most top layer for starting from bottom, is repaired after having built one deck, is then measured its form after this layer of solidification; And then carry out other one deck build work, that carries out a series of stratum in such a manner builds work, until modelling is complete.
5) coal seam enrichment region makes
The making that Enriching Coalbed Methane district is carried out in specific region is chosen in the coal seam of building.5 pieces of regions in the manufacturing process of model in 5# coal seam carry out filling with the material of more low speed or manual manufacture crack is simulated, wherein 3 pieces of region blades of two kinds of different in width (0.5mm and 0.1mm) cut coal seam, manufacture crack; Other 2 pieces of regional water use glass-filleds.In 3# coal seam, also made one piece of region with same method equally: blade width 0.1mm, fissure direction is east-west direction, totally 37 cuttves, and average every 1.7mm has a crack.
After above-mentioned work completes, need once to repair model comprehensively, and carry out demoulding process to the non-demoulding part of model, do the test of last laser form to the configuration of model, so far coal-seam gas physical property completes.
Application example of the present invention utilizes the coal-seam gas physical model made, and successfully can simulate the seismic response features of coal-seam gas.
Above-described embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only the specific embodiment of the present invention; the protection domain be not intended to limit the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a method for making for coal-seam gas seismic physical model, is characterized in that, the method for making of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model comprises:
Determine the scale-up factor of coal-seam gas seismic physical model;
According to the scale-up factor of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model, make the mould of coal-seam gas seismic physical model;
The country rock material of selection and simulation coal seam material are cast in the mould of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model;
Enriching Coalbed Methane district is made in the described simulation coal seam material poured into a mould;
The described scale-up factor determining coal-seam gas seismic physical model, comprising:
According to the geologic aspects of field reality, determine the scale-up factor of coal-seam gas seismic physical model; The scale-up factor of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model comprises for 1:5000;
The described country rock material selected is: epoxy resin and hardening agent; The described simulation coal seam material selected is: epoxy resin, silicon rubber and hardening agent, and the blending ratio of described country rock material epoxy resin and hardening agent is 4.5:0.4 or 5:0.5; The blending ratio of described simulation coal seam material epoxy resin, silicon rubber and hardening agent is 3:1:0.3.
2. the method for making of coal-seam gas seismic physical model as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, describedly the country rock material of selection and simulation coal seam material is cast in the mould of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model, comprising:
The country rock material of selection and/or simulation coal seam material are cast in the mould of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model by mode in layer: production order is start to most top layer from bottom, repair after this layer of solidification after having built one deck, and then carry out other one deck build work, that carries out a series of stratum in such a manner builds work, to complete the making of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model.
3. the method for making of coal-seam gas seismic physical model as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, describedly in the described simulation coal seam material poured into a mould, makes Enriching Coalbed Methane district, comprising:
Carry out filling with the material of low speed or the mode in manual manufacture crack makes Enriching Coalbed Methane district in the described simulation coal seam material poured into a mould, then carry out the demoulding, finishing.
4. a coal-seam gas seismic physical model, is characterized in that, described coal-seam gas seismic physical model comprises:
The mould of coal-seam gas seismic physical model, makes for the scale-up factor according to the coal-seam gas seismic physical model determined, wherein, the scale-up factor of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model is determine according to the geologic aspects of field reality; The scale-up factor of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model comprises for 1:5000;
Country rock material and simulation coal seam material, be cast in the mould of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model;
Enriching Coalbed Methane district, is arranged in the described simulation coal seam material poured into a mould;
The described country rock material selected is: epoxy resin and hardening agent; The described simulation coal seam material selected is: epoxy resin, silicon rubber and hardening agent, and the blending ratio of described country rock material epoxy resin and hardening agent is 4.5:0.4 or 5:0.5; The blending ratio of described simulation coal seam material epoxy resin, silicon rubber and hardening agent is 3:1:0.3.
5. coal-seam gas seismic physical model as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, described country rock material and simulation coal seam material, be cast in the mould of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model, comprise:
The country rock material selected and/or simulation coal seam material are cast in by mode in layer in the mould of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model: production order is start to most top layer from bottom, repair after this layer of solidification after having built one deck, and then carry out other one deck build work, that carries out a series of stratum in such a manner builds work, to complete the making of described coal-seam gas seismic physical model.
6. coal-seam gas seismic physical model as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described Enriching Coalbed Methane district, for carrying out with the material of low speed filling or the mode in manual manufacture crack completes in the described simulation coal seam material poured into a mould, then the demoulding is carried out, finishing.
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| CN103558629A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2014-02-05 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Physical simulation method for different air-containing saturation sandstone reservoirs |
| CN105001594B (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2017-12-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of seismic physical model material and model |
| CN105489099B (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2018-03-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of fracture reservoir seismic physical model and preparation method thereof |
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