CN104424840B - A kind of preparation method of seismic physical model - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of seismic physical model Download PDFInfo
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- CN104424840B CN104424840B CN201310390789.1A CN201310390789A CN104424840B CN 104424840 B CN104424840 B CN 104424840B CN 201310390789 A CN201310390789 A CN 201310390789A CN 104424840 B CN104424840 B CN 104424840B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of seismic physical model, including：Step 1, draws the design structural map of the seismic physical model；Step 2, according to the design structural map, seismic physical model described in layer-by-layer preparation；Step 3, gathers the 2-D data of the seismic physical model, and reference is provided to the seismic physical model actual effect by the 2-D data；Step 4, gathers the three-dimensional data of the seismic physical model, and reference is provided to the seismic physical model actual effect by the three-dimensional data.The embodiment of the present invention provides specific making step to make seismic physical model, and carry out the collection of 2-D data and three-dimensional data, the accuracy that can in time check seismic physical model to make, and corresponding measure can be taken to modify it for the result of inspection, to ensure the precision that seismic physical model makes, the seismic physical model qualification rate produced is higher, and producing efficiency is also improved, so as to save production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seismic exploration technique field, more particularly to a kind of preparation method of seismic physical model.
Background technology
In seismic prospecting, earthquake simulation technology plays an important role, and it mainly has following several purposes：1. can be with
The correctness for checking all kinds of dielectric resilient ripples theoretical, promotes the development of elastic wave theory；2. for seismic prospecting is provided based on model
Observation system optimization design, it is ensured that the quality of field earthquake data acquisition；3. for seism processing provides normal data body,
Check the correctness of seismic processes；4. the correctness of data interpretation result is verifiably shaken.
Earthquake simulation technology is divided into numerical simulation and physical model and simulates two kinds, earthquake numerical simulation have it is quick, easy and
Cheap the features such as, but limited by assumed condition, analog result has different with actual conditions, comparatively, seismic physical mould
Intend truer, the characteristics of can more reflect actual conditions, earthquake simulation model completely can be with the P3D geological structure of mould.But
Prior art makes seismic physical model without ripe method, it is impossible to which guarantee making seismic physical model is in precision and accurately
Requirement in property.
Realize it is of the invention during, inventor find prior art at least there is problems with：
The method that prior art lacks specification makes seismic physical model, does not have when practical operation makes seismic physical model
Systematic method, it is impossible to theoretical specification and technological guidance are provided in manufacturing process, therefore seismic physical model cannot be ensured
The requirement of precision and accuracy, and operationally lack purpose in the prior art, complex steps when may result in making
It is or steps taken falls flat therefore less efficient when seismic physical model is made, due to lacking technological guidance,
The model qualification rate produced is relatively low, so as to cause cost to waste.
The content of the invention
Lack method for normalizing to solve the problems, such as that prior art makes seismic physical model, the embodiment of the invention provides
A kind of preparation method of seismic physical model.The technical scheme is as follows：
As shown in figure 1, a kind of preparation method of seismic physical model is the embodiment of the invention provides, the preparation method bag
Include：
Step 1, draws the design structural map of the seismic physical model；
Step 2, according to the design structural map, seismic physical model described in layer-by-layer preparation；
Step 3, gathers the 2-D data of the seismic physical model, by the 2-D data to the seismic physical mould
Type actual effect provides reference；
Step 4, gathers the three-dimensional data of the seismic physical model, by the three-dimensional data to the seismic physical mould
Type actual effect provides reference.
Further, the step 1 is specifically included：
Step 11, draws the design structural map of the seismic physical model layer position, fault block and section；
Step 12, carries out taking out ray examination to the design structural map；
Step 13, judges whether the design structural map meets demand according to inspection result, if it is, step 2 is performed, such as
It is really no, the design structural map is adjusted.
Preferably, the design structural map take out ray examination take out line at intervals of：The seismic physical model two
That holds takes out line at intervals of 15 centimetres, and line is taken out at intervals of 5 centimetres in the middle of the seismic physical model.
Further, the step 12 is specifically included：
Along outstanding tectonic direction, in the design structural map, the coordinate of correspondence proving survey line reads corresponding depth value；
According to the depth value, the design profile figure for checking survey line is drawn；
Judge whether the design structural map meets demand by design profile figure.
Preferably, the step 2 is specifically included：
Seismic physical model described in layer-by-layer preparation, and morphometry is carried out to seismic physical model every layer described；
The data of the morphometry and the gap of the data of the design structural map are contrasted, if the gap is located at rule
Determine in error range, then step 3 is performed, if it is not, then being modified to the seismic physical model.
Further, the step 3 is specifically included：
Step 33, gathers the 2-D data of the seismic physical model；
Step 34, depth migration treatment is carried out to the 2-D data；
Step 35, the depth migration result of the 2-D data and the data of the morphometry are contrasted,
Determine whether the making precision of the seismic physical model and the quality of the two dimensional data acquisition meet need according to comparing result
Ask.
Preferably, the step of step 3 also includes being located at the step 33 before 32, the step 32 is specially：
2-D data pilot production is carried out to the seismic physical model, the ginseng of the collecting device of the 2-D data is determined by pilot production result
Whether accurate number sets, if it is, step 33 is performed, if not, debugging the collecting device.
Further, the step of before the step 3 also includes being located at the step 32 31, the step 31 is specially：
The seismic physical model is placed in tank and is soaked.
Preferably, the soak time of the seismic physical model is more than or equal to 15 days.
Further, the step 4 is specifically included：
Gather the three-dimensional data of the seismic physical model；
Depth migration treatment is carried out to the three-dimensional data；
The depth migration result of the three-dimensional data and the data of the morphometry are contrasted, according to contrast
Result determines whether the quality of the seismic physical model meets demand.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme provided in an embodiment of the present invention is brought is：
The embodiment of the present invention provides specific making step to make seismic physical model, and after completing over the ground
Shake physical model carries out the collection of 2-D data and three-dimensional data, can in time check the accuracy of seismic physical model making,
And corresponding measure can be taken to modify it for the result of inspection, to ensure the precision that seismic physical model makes；
The making step that the present invention is provided, for the making of seismic physical model provides accurate theory specification and technological guidance so that make
Process has logic and purpose, while also ensure that precision and accuracy that seismic physical model makes, meets and is actually subjected to
Ask, the seismic physical model qualification rate produced is higher, and producing efficiency is also improved, so as to save production cost.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate more clearly the embodiments of the present invention, below will be to that will make needed for embodiment description
Accompanying drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, other can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings
Accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the preparation method flow chart of seismic physical model provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to embodiment party of the present invention
Formula is described in further detail.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of preparation method of seismic physical model is the embodiment of the invention provides, the preparation method bag
Include：
Step 1, draws the design structural map of the seismic physical model；
Step 2, according to the design structural map, seismic physical model described in layer-by-layer preparation；
Step 3, gathers the 2-D data of the seismic physical model, by the 2-D data to the seismic physical mould
Type actual effect provides reference；
Step 4, gathers the three-dimensional data of the seismic physical model, by the three-dimensional data to the seismic physical mould
Type actual effect provides reference.
Wherein, according to the structural map in actual simulation work area, drafting seismic physical model design structural map institute is obtained necessary
Data, drawn out structural map is designed according to data, seismic physical is secondly made according to the design structural map drawn
Model, due to the making accuracy of model to be ensured, therefore takes the mode of layer-by-layer preparation in manufacturing process；Furthermore to making
Good physical model carries out two and three dimensions data acquisition, checks whether seismic physical model reaches according to the data for being gathered
Expected effect, what is not up to required can modify on the basis of existing making.
The embodiment of the present invention provides specific making step to make seismic physical model, and after completing over the ground
Shake physical model carries out the collection of 2-D data and three-dimensional data, by the contrast of data, can in time check seismic physical mould
The accuracy that type makes, and corresponding measure can be taken to modify it for the result of inspection, to ensure seismic physical
The precision of modelling；The making step that the present invention is provided, for the making of seismic physical model provides accurate theory specification and skill
Art is instructed so that manufacturing process has logic and purpose, while also ensure that precision and standard that seismic physical model makes
True property, meets actual requirement, and the seismic physical model qualification rate produced is higher, and producing efficiency is also improved, so as to save
Production cost.
Further, the step 1 is specifically included：
Step 11, draws the design structural map of the seismic physical model difference fault block and section；
Step 12, carries out taking out ray examination to the design structural map；
Step 13, judges whether the design structural map meets demand according to inspection result, if it is, step 2 is performed, such as
It is really no, the design structural map is adjusted.
Wherein, in the embodiment of the present invention, the design structural map to seismic physical model layer position, fault block and section is painted
System, and carry out taking out ray examination to design structural map, is intuitively observed with result that ray examination obtains is taken out, and both may determine that and has been set
Whether whether whether meter structural map is accurate, and meets design requirement, typically layer position occurs and intersects by observing in design structure diagram,
The accuracy of design structural map is intuitively judged with this, if unqualified, design structural map can be modified, it is ensured that after
Continuous manufacturing process can be carried out accurately.
Preferably, the design structural map take out ray examination take out line at intervals of：The seismic physical model structure
The property made takes out line at intervals of 15 centimetres to gentle two ends, and because seismic physical model center section construction is complex, if
The difficulty of meter is relatively large, easily goes wrong, therefore line is taken out at intervals of 5 centimetres in seismic physical model center section.
Further, the step 12 is specifically included：
Along outstanding tectonic direction, in the design structural map, correspondence proving line coordinates phase on structural map is designed by every
The depth value answered is read and records, and according to the depth value, the design for drawing the inspection survey line by Become the picture software is cutd open
Whether face figure, the design profile figure obtained by taking out ray examination can be observed intuitively, typically occur by observing in design profile figure
Layer position intersects, you can judge whether the design structural map meets demand, so as to undesirable design structural map part
Corresponding modification can be made.
Preferably, the step 2 is specifically included：
Seismic physical model described in layer-by-layer preparation, and morphometry is carried out to seismic physical model every layer described；
The data of the morphometry and the gap of the data of the design structural map are contrasted, if the gap is located at rule
Determine in error range, then step 3 is performed, if it is not, then being modified to the seismic physical model.
Wherein, the making of actual seismic physical model is carried out according to the design structural map in step 1, in order to improve model
The accuracy of making, is layered in manufacturing process and makes, and morphometry is carried out in every layer of manufacturing process, and by morphometry
The data of acquisition are contrasted with the data of design structural map, if comparing result is beyond predetermined error range, can be timely
This layer is modified, so can in time be found and be righted a wrong, it is to avoid cumbersome inspection is carried out to it again after model is completed
Step is looked into, the reliability of seismic physical model is increased.
Further, the step 3 is specifically included：
Step 33, gathers the 2-D data of the seismic physical model；
Step 34, depth migration treatment is carried out to the 2-D data；
Step 35, the depth migration result of the 2-D data and the data of the morphometry are contrasted,
Determine whether the making precision of the seismic physical model and the quality of the two dimensional data acquisition meet need according to comparing result
Ask.
Wherein, the 2-D data quality of collection will meet collection and require, if data are undesirable, it is necessary to re-start
Collection, in the embodiment of the present invention, depth migration treatment is carried out by satisfactory 2-D data, by the depth of the 2-D data
The data of the morphometry in migration processing result and step 2 are contrasted, and offset data can be reflected by comparing result
The integral manufacturing quality of precision and model, such as by checking whether section has the anomalies such as extraordinary wave and bright spot, so that
Go out conclusion be section overall image quality whether preferably, whether offset accuracy disclosure satisfy that requirements, and the 2-D data for gathering
Quality whether meet requirement of experiment, can be made an amendment again for undesirable part, so complete two dimension and adopt
The quality control in collection stage.
Preferably, the step of step 3 also includes being located at the step 33 before 32, the step 32 is specially：
2-D data pilot production is carried out to the seismic physical model, the ginseng of the collecting device of the 2-D data is determined by pilot production result
Whether accurate number sets, if it is, step 33 is performed, if not, the collecting device is debugged, wherein, in the embodiment of the present invention,
If found according to pilot production result, the signal to noise ratio of model is relatively low, and understratum reflected energy is weaker, and gathered data quality is paid no attention to
Think, it may be possible to because 2-D data collecting device parameter setting it is not accurate enough, in this way, can to collecting device in intensify
The arrange parameter of transducer probe is modified, and changes probe connection line, so as to eliminate external conductive to collection signal
Influence, or the silastic-layer of model topmost can be peelled off, because absorption of this rubber layer to energy is larger, lower floor is inhaled
Energy production large effect is received, that is, completes the debugging of collecting device, after collecting device debugging, pilot production is carried out again, grasped repeatedly
Make, until pilot production result meets quality requirement.
Further, the step of before the step 3 also includes being located at the step 32 31, the step 31 is specially：
The seismic physical model is placed in tank and is soaked.
Preferably, the soak time of the seismic physical model is more than or equal to 15 days, can so ensure model with
The coupling effect of water, eliminates influence of the bubble to acquisition quality.
Further, the step 4 is specifically included：
Gather the three-dimensional data of the seismic physical model；
Depth migration treatment is carried out to the three-dimensional data；
The depth migration result of the three-dimensional data and the data of the morphometry are contrasted, according to contrast
Result determines whether the quality of the seismic physical model meets demand.
Wherein, the three-dimensional data quality of collection will meet collection and require, if data are undesirable, it is necessary to re-start
Collection, when three dimensional data collection is carried out, it is necessary to carry out some preparations, for example, the design of optimization observation system；In earthquake
Positioning precision thousand points of instrument higher are installed, this is to prevent transducer probe from returning when power is off in physical model acquisition system
Origin, repositions precision；In order to guaranteed water level is constant, mechanical water filling device is installed and keeps water level constant；Additionally install additional
Air-conditioning equipment and thermometer, the accuracy of three dimensional data collection is ensured with this, and because three-dimensional acquisition is relatively complicated, therefore
Collecting efficiency can be improved using bilateral collection, satisfactory three-dimensional data is carried out into depth migration treatment, by the three-dimensional
The depth migration result of data is contrasted with the data of the morphometry, and the comparative analysis of three-dimensional data can be appointed
Meaning position, any direction, can so check the making quality of whole model, and whether inspection model interlayer stratification, material occur
Whether whether the consolidation of material is good, pours the problems such as bubble occur, again ensures that the seismic physical model of making disclosure satisfy that reality
With requiring.
In the present invention, each step has inspection and correction link, and step 1 to take out ray examination, for form survey by step 2
Amount, step 3 is two dimensional data acquisition and migration processing, and step 4 is three dimensional data collection and migration processing, by this 4
Test stage can in time find each step institute produced problem, and can solve in time, it is ensured that each step it is accurate
Property, to prevent from carrying out a large amount of cumbersome inspection programs after model is completed, making is also improved while accuracy is improved
Efficiency.
The embodiments of the present invention are for illustration only, and the quality of embodiment is not represented.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all it is of the invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of preparation method of seismic physical model, it is characterised in that the preparation method includes：
Step 1, draws the design structural map of the seismic physical model；
Step 2, according to the design structural map, seismic physical model described in layer-by-layer preparation, and to seismic physical mould every layer described
Type carries out morphometry；The data of the morphometry and the gap of the data of the design structural map are contrasted, if the difference
Away from the range of specification error, then step 3 is performed, if it is not, then being modified to the seismic physical model；
Step 3 includes：Step 33, gathers the 2-D data of the seismic physical model；Step 34, is carried out to the 2-D data
Depth migration treatment；Step 35, the depth migration result of the 2-D data is carried out with the data of the morphometry
Contrast, determines whether the making precision of the seismic physical model and the quality of the two dimensional data acquisition accord with according to comparing result
Conjunction demand, and part to not meeting demand makes an amendment again；
Step 4, gathers the three-dimensional data of the seismic physical model, by the three-dimensional data to the seismic physical model reality
Border effect provides reference.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 1 is specifically included：
Step 11, draws the design structural map of the seismic physical model layer position, fault block and section；
Step 12, carries out taking out ray examination to the design structural map；
Step 13, judges whether the design structural map meets demand according to inspection result, if it is, step 2 is performed, if
It is no, the design structural map is adjusted.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that carry out taking out ray examination to the design structural map and take out
Line at intervals of：Line is taken out at intervals of 15 centimetres in the seismic physical model two ends, in the middle of the seismic physical model take out line between
It is divided into 5 centimetres.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the step 12 is specifically included：
Along outstanding tectonic direction, in the design structural map, the coordinate of correspondence proving survey line reads corresponding depth value；
According to the depth value, the design profile figure for checking survey line is drawn；
Judge whether the design structural map meets demand by design profile figure.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 3 also include being located at the step 33 it
Preceding step 32, the step 32 is specially：2-D data pilot production is carried out to the seismic physical model, it is true by pilot production result
Whether the parameter setting of the collecting device of the fixed 2-D data is accurate, if it is, step 33 is performed, if not, debugging is described
Collecting device.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the step 3 also include being located at the step 32 it
Preceding step 31, the step 31 is specially：The seismic physical model is placed in tank and is soaked.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the soak time of the seismic physical model be more than
Equal to 15 days.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the step 4 is specifically included：
Gather the three-dimensional data of the seismic physical model；
Depth migration treatment is carried out to the three-dimensional data；
The depth migration result of the three-dimensional data and the data of the morphometry are contrasted, according to comparing result
Determine whether the quality of the seismic physical model meets demand.
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| CN105549079A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-05-04 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method and device for establishing full-waveform inversion model for geophysics parameters |
| CN105489099B (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2018-03-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of fracture reservoir seismic physical model and preparation method thereof |
| CN109283201A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-01-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of method and system for examining seismic physical model modeling accuracy |
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| CN102915665A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-02-06 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Coalbed methane earthquake physical model and making method thereof |
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| US5466157A (en) * | 1991-06-12 | 1995-11-14 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Method of simulating a seismic survey |
| JP2010107861A (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2010-05-13 | Tokuda Industry Ltd | Geography-model order reception system |
| CN101750626B (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2011-08-10 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Data acquisition designing method in three-dimensional seismic physical simulation |
| CN102663950A (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2012-09-12 | 河海大学 | Manufacture method of large-scale geomechanical model |
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| CN102915665A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-02-06 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Coalbed methane earthquake physical model and making method thereof |
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