CN102663950A - Manufacture method of large-scale geomechanical model - Google Patents
Manufacture method of large-scale geomechanical model Download PDFInfo
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- CN102663950A CN102663950A CN2012100974476A CN201210097447A CN102663950A CN 102663950 A CN102663950 A CN 102663950A CN 2012100974476 A CN2012100974476 A CN 2012100974476A CN 201210097447 A CN201210097447 A CN 201210097447A CN 102663950 A CN102663950 A CN 102663950A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacture method of a large-scale geomechanical model. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) pressing prefabricated standard modules; (2) numbering the pressed prefabricated standard modules respectively and making a design drawing with standard modules being assembled into a model; (3) according to the design drawing, employing a caking agent in order to build the standard modules into a shape; (4) introducing a measuring line on a measuring element out of a model body and to connected with measurement equipment. According to a geomechanical model prefabricated standard module building forming method, the production process of a large-scale true three-dimensional mechanical model is improved, serious stratification of enclosing rocks and a deviation phenomenon of pre-buried measurement element caused by stratification molding in a present geomechanical model manufacture process are overcome, and the manufacture quality of the model is improved. The method has the advantages of high efficiency, being fast and economic, simple operation of equipment, uniform model entity, capability of scaled standardized production and the like, and the high quality operation of a three-dimensional mechanical model experiment is effectively ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for making of large-scale geomechanics model, specifically is to adopt prefabricated standard module to build the method for moulding by laying bricks or stones.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of traffic capital construction and greatly developing of subterranean resource exploitation, underground structure is used widely at water power, traffic, resource, energy field, and the construction safety of underground excavation engineering also receives more and more the concern and attention simultaneously.Along with the increasing of underground works buried depth and the raising of project scale; Engineering geological condition and the hydrogeological condition of planning to build underground works zone rock mass are also complicated day by day; Be the large-scale underground engineering construction excavation of effective evaluation stability of surrounding rock; Need to rely on model experiment to carry out the A+E of underground rock cavern stability, with the mechanical characteristics and the deformation failure rule of the buried surrounding rock of chamber of effective announcement.
Because the model bulky, layering making usually both at home and abroad at present promptly adopts layering casting method or tamper compacting method that it is made.Classic method causes occurring a series of shortcomings: during with layering casting method analogue formation; Analog material is sealed in the model support, and inner jointing compound is difficult to volatilization, makes the material layer upper surface of building reach intensity index; And its inside is moist, weak; The adjacent two layers layers of material influences the whole mechanics parameter of model, finally makes model body not meet designing requirement; And the compacting method is difficult to guarantee that each different parts is stressed evenly equal, therefore has a strong impact on the homogeneity of model body and the authenticity of parameter.In addition; During the top and bottom process analogue formation, the model bottom still receives the superpressure effect in the cover material material compacting process on it and further compression under the situation that reaches strength criterion; Cause material parameter increase, element burial place deviation to occur, influenced the accuracy of model measurement data.Therefore, need a kind of manufacture craft of exploitation badly and reach the measuring sensor method for embedding that adapts with it to large-scale geomechanics model.
The present Research of domestic relevant large-scale three dimensional model production method is following at present:
(1) " Sichuan University's journal " the 3rd phase of calendar year 2001 has been introduced a kind of arch dam model method for making.This method adopts punching block to build moulding, and jointing compound is difficult to volatilization, can't guarantee the consistance on integrally-built homogeneity of model and the mechanical property.
(2) " hydropower journal " the 1st phase in 2004 has been introduced a kind of power station chamber model production method.This method adopts builds moulding, and jointing compound is difficult to volatilization, can't guarantee the consistance on integrally-built homogeneity of model and the mechanical property.
(3) " rock mechanics and engineering journal " the 9th phase in 2006 has been introduced a kind of bifurcated tunnel model method for making, and this method adopts the hand compaction moulding, can't guarantee the consistance on integrally-built homogeneity of model and the mechanical property.
(4) application number is that 200810056625.4 Chinese patent has been introduced a kind of model production method that hits real merit compound action function reverse control principle.This method adopts ramming device compacting, and material places in the model body, and jointing compound is difficult to volatilization, causes lamination to produce, and can't guarantee the homogeneity of model body and the consistance on the mechanical property.
(5) application number is that the Chinese patent of 201010503227.X has been introduced the air-dry model production method of a kind of compaction in layers.This method adopts large-area minute laminate molding type, causes size effect; And material places in the model body, and jointing compound is difficult to volatilization, causes lamination, can't guarantee the homogeneity of model body and the consistance on the mechanical property; Be embedded in following measuring sensor, in continuing pressing process, cause squinting, make the measuring point distortion of design, influenced the accuracy of model measurement data.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for overcoming the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, a kind of geomechanics model method for making that a kind of even structure and mechanics parameter adhere to specification, constructing operation is easy is provided.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of method for making of large-scale geomechanics model is characterized in that: step is:
The first step, suppress prefabricated standard module:
1) cast material of weighing is laid in the mould; The Prefabricated block material weight is
; Wherein: γ designs unit weight for model body, and
is respectively prefabricated standard module and model body width;
is respectively prefabricated standard module and model body length;
is respectively prefabricated standard module and model body height; N is the number of prefabricated standard module;
2) be placed to vent stem and by the moulding of design pressure compression module at design attitude;
3) the Prefabricated block maintenance that will suppress is to design strength;
4) take out into vent stem, install and measure element;
Second step, the prefabricated standard module of compression moulding numbered respectively and make by standard module be assembled into the Model Design drawing;
The 3rd the step, adopt cementing agent to build prefabricated standard module by laying bricks or stones moulding successively according to design drawing;
The 4th step, the slotted line on the measuring sensor is drawn model body, and link to each other with measuring equipment.
The weight of said prefabricated standard module
is not more than 20Kg.
Triaxial apparatus is adopted in the application of force source of said compaction model, and said compaction force and analog material test specimen mechanics parameter test press power are consistent, and have guaranteed that the intensity of Prefabricated block is identical with design strength.For guaranteeing that model body mechanics parameter (like elastic modulus
, compressive strength
, tensile strength
, Poisson ratio
etc.) reaches design load; Promptly equate with cast material laboratory mechanics parameter test value; Compacting stress in the compacting stress in Prefabricated block when compacting and the laboratory during compacting standard specimen equates, so the Prefabricated block press power is Prefabricated block cross-sectional area
(
is that laboratory standard material test specimen is suppressed stress in the formula).
Said compacting tool set is the steel casing that rigid plate constitutes.
Said cementing agent is and the analog material test specimen is made identical solvent, has guaranteed that prefabricated section is consistent with mechanical property between the adhesive surface.
The present invention has following technical advantage:
(1) the even compacting of small blocks has guaranteed the homogeneity of model body, has eliminated the size effect influence, and the model mechanics parameter is met design requirement;
(2) making of small blocks has solved the solvent that compacting causes because model body paves and has been difficult to volatilization, and the shortcoming that mold strength is difficult to be shaped has been eliminated lamination, has guaranteed that effectively the mechanics parameter of model body reaches the Intensity Design value;
Use when (3) block is piled up with the proportioning material and make the jointing compound gluing,, guarantee the consistance of cast material on mechanical property preferably so seam properties is identical with the model block;
Through presetting operations such as burying the hole underground, guaranteed burying underground smoothly of measuring sensor when (4) burying element underground.In the master die block, bury element underground, guaranteed that deviation does not accurately take place the installation position of measuring sensor, it is measured accurately, and the protection measuring sensor is without prejudice;
(5) but module standardization large-scale production, this method is easy to operate, efficient, quick; Can be widely used in field underground works geomechanics models such as water power, traffic, the energy, mine and make, have wide range of applications.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the modelling process flow diagram.
Fig. 2 is the prefabricated standard module compacting of the present invention figure.
Among the figure, 1. compacting tool set, 2. Prefabricated block 3. becomes vent stem.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Like Fig. 1, shown in 2,
A kind of method for making of large-scale geomechanics model, step is:
1) the match ratio its preparing materials of confirming by experiment also is laid in the material of weighing in the compacting tool set 1.The prefabricated module 2 material weight
(formula:
as a model body design density).For guaranteeing easy construction, the definite of said prefabricated standard module 2 numbers
needs to guarantee that Prefabricated block weight
is not more than 20Kg.The Prefabricated block squarely; Its length and width and high size are about 20cm; It is square to consider that the model body size of drawing up is generally the 1m left and right sides, so need Prefabricated block 2 total amounts
of compacting to be about the 100-200 piece.
2) material is inserted compacting tool set 1 to divide the shop even, is placed to vent stem 3 to make the component positioning hole at design attitude.Said one-tenth vent stem 3 is buried the round bar of measuring sensor for somewhat larger in diameter underground in plan, inserts so that become vent stem to extract the enough measuring sensors of reserving the back of groove of burying underground; Compacting tool set 1 is placed on the pressing machine, carry out compacting by the design pressure value, the compacting stress when suppressing standard specimen in the compacting stress during Prefabricated block 2 compacting and the laboratory equates.
3) Prefabricated block 2 suppressed of maintenance.With the Prefabricated block of having suppressed 2 dismountings, adopt hair-dryer to quicken the air-dry of the intact model of compacting, the alcohol equal solvent in the cast material is effectively volatilized, make mold strength up to standard.
4) take out into vent stem 3, by designed elevation measuring sensor is placed and bury underground in the hole, the space between hole wall and the measuring sensor adopts proportioning identical but alcohol content is higher, and promptly wet analog material is with measured hole landfill and compacting gently;
5)---circulation of maintenance---is buried element underground---compacting Prefabricated block is until the compacting of accomplishing all Prefabricated blocks to carry out next compacting Prefabricated block 2;
6) Prefabricated block 2 of compression moulding is numbered respectively, and with the order of building by laying bricks or stones of each Prefabricated block, as the module 2 that is positioned at sustained height is put order and each layer module 2 and is built order by laying bricks or stones and be made into design drawing;
7) Prefabricated block 2 is built by laying bricks or stones according to design drawing successively, adopt cementing agent bonded and precast piece 2 in the building process, build completion by laying bricks or stones until The model;
8) slotted line on the measuring sensor is drawn model body, and link to each other with measuring equipment outside the model body.
Said Prefabricated block 2 quantity, size are confirmed by the volume of the model body of drawing up.Said prefabricated standard module is of a size of
(
is prefabricated calibrated bolck number) of the volume of the model body of drawing up; I.e.
;
,
.(in the formula:
is respectively prefabricated calibrated bolck and model body width;
is respectively prefabricated calibrated bolck and model body length;
is respectively prefabricated calibrated bolck and model body height; N is the number of prefabricated calibrated bolck).Said Prefabricated block material weight is
(in the formula: γ designs unit weight for model body).The number of standard modules prefabricated
to determine the need to ensure prefabricated modules 2 Weight
no more than 20Kg.Model body is divided into some parts of calibrated bolcks 2 models, each standard module 2 number consecutively.
Triaxial apparatus is adopted in the application of force source of said compaction model, and said compaction force is identical with analog material test specimen mechanics parameter test press power, has guaranteed that the intensity and the design strength of Prefabricated block 2 is consistent.For guaranteeing that model body mechanics parameter (like elastic modulus
, compressive strength
, tensile strength
, Poisson ratio
etc.) reaches design load; Promptly equate with cast material laboratory mechanics parameter test value; Compacting stress in the compacting stress in Prefabricated block when compacting and the laboratory during compacting standard specimen equates, so the Prefabricated block press power is Prefabricated block cross-sectional area
(
is that laboratory standard material test specimen is suppressed stress in the formula).
The steel casing that said compacting tool set 1 constitutes for rigid plate.
Said cementing agent is and the analog material test specimen is made identical solvent, like alcoholic solution, the paraffin solution of rosin, has guaranteed that Prefabricated block 2 is consistent with mechanical property between the adhesive surface.
Claims (3)
1. the method for making of a large-scale geomechanics model is characterized in that:
Step is:
The first step, suppress prefabricated standard module:
1) cast material of weighing is laid in the mould; The Prefabricated block material weight is
; Wherein: γ designs unit weight for model body, and
is respectively prefabricated standard module and model body width;
is respectively prefabricated standard module and model body length;
is respectively prefabricated standard module and model body height; N is the number of prefabricated standard module;
2) design attitude at cast material is placed to vent stem, and by the moulding of design pressure compression module;
3) the Prefabricated block maintenance that will suppress is to design strength;
4) take out into vent stem, install and measure element;
Second step, the prefabricated standard module of compression moulding numbered respectively and make by standard module be assembled into the Model Design drawing;
The 3rd the step, adopt cementing agent to build prefabricated standard module by laying bricks or stones moulding successively according to design drawing;
The 4th step, the slotted line on the measuring sensor is drawn model body, and link to each other with measuring equipment.
2. the method for making of large-scale geomechanics model according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the weight of said prefabricated standard module
is not more than 20Kg.
3. the method for making of large-scale geomechanics model according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: said cementing agent is for identical with the solvent of analog material test specimen manufacturing process.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012100974476A CN102663950A (en) | 2012-04-06 | 2012-04-06 | Manufacture method of large-scale geomechanical model |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012100974476A CN102663950A (en) | 2012-04-06 | 2012-04-06 | Manufacture method of large-scale geomechanical model |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104424840A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2015-03-18 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing seismic physical model |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101221709A (en) * | 2008-01-23 | 2008-07-16 | 清华大学 | Geomechanics model production method based on compacting work recombination action function reverse control principle |
| CN101950504A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2011-01-19 | 山东大学 | Geomechanics model layering compaction air drying manufacturing and grooving embedding tester method |
-
2012
- 2012-04-06 CN CN2012100974476A patent/CN102663950A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101221709A (en) * | 2008-01-23 | 2008-07-16 | 清华大学 | Geomechanics model production method based on compacting work recombination action function reverse control principle |
| CN101950504A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2011-01-19 | 山东大学 | Geomechanics model layering compaction air drying manufacturing and grooving embedding tester method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 沈泰: "地质力学模型试验技术的进展", 《长江科学院院报》 * |
| 王汉鹏等: "地质力学模型试验过程中关键技术研究", 《实验科学与技术》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104424840A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2015-03-18 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing seismic physical model |
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Application publication date: 20120912 |