CN114002411B - Dynamic monitoring system and method for water inflow of coal seam taking coal seam as main aquifer - Google Patents
Dynamic monitoring system and method for water inflow of coal seam taking coal seam as main aquifer Download PDFInfo
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- CN114002411B CN114002411B CN202111303460.8A CN202111303460A CN114002411B CN 114002411 B CN114002411 B CN 114002411B CN 202111303460 A CN202111303460 A CN 202111303460A CN 114002411 B CN114002411 B CN 114002411B
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic monitoring system and a dynamic monitoring method for water inflow of a coal seam which is a main aquifer, wherein the system comprises a two-dimensional analog simulation platform, a water supply system, a water inflow monitoring system and a stress monitoring system, a water inflow (bursting) model of a mining coal seam is constructed by adopting a physical analog simulation test method, and the water inflow and water inflow monitoring system, a strain monitor and a digital photographing technology which are designed by self are combined to monitor and record the water pressure change, the movable deformation of overlying strata, the crack development process and the like of the coal seam under the mining condition of a caving method, so that the relation between the mining pressure distribution characteristics of the coal seam which is the main aquifer and the water inflow of a coal body is established. The physical similarity simulation of the coal seam as the main aquifer under the fluid-solid coupling effect is realized, the theory and the technical system of the high-strength safe exploitation of the mining area with the special hydrogeological structure are enriched, and the rapid and comprehensive development of mineral resource development is promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a dynamic monitoring system and a method for water inflow of a coal seam, in particular to a dynamic monitoring system for water inflow of a coal seam which is used as a main water-bearing layer and is suitable for a physical similarity simulation test.
Background
The coal seam is a main aquifer and is a very rare mine hydrogeological structure found in coal fields, and the coal seam contains a large number of through cracks and is rich in water, so that serious water damage threat is caused to mine production. The physical model test is widely applied to the coal mining problem as a test research means for effectively researching geology and engineering structures, and the related research of a physical similarity simulation test system for a coal seam-based aquifer is rarely carried out in the past. In order to ensure the high-strength safe exploitation of the mining area with the special hydrogeological structure, the problems of deformation damage and seepage water inrush process of an overburden layer and an aquifer of coal mining under the condition that the coal seam is a main aquifer are further developed and researched.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problems: the invention aims to solve the problems in the physical similarity simulation test under the condition that the existing coal seam is the main aquifer, and provides a dynamic monitoring system and method for the water inflow of the coal seam which is the main aquifer and is used for guaranteeing the high-strength safety exploitation of a mining area with a special hydrogeological structure, and the system and method are simple in structure and convenient to operate.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention discloses a dynamic monitoring system for water inflow of a coal seam taking a coal seam as a main water-bearing layer, which comprises a two-dimensional similar simulation platform, a water supply system, a water inflow monitoring system and a stress monitoring system, wherein the two-dimensional similar simulation platform is a multifunctional mining plane similar physical simulation test platform in which rock stratum similar simulation materials and coal seam precast blocks are paved in sequence, and a vertical pressurizing oil cylinder for applying compensation load to a model is arranged at the upper part of the two-dimensional similar simulation platform; the water supply system is arranged on one side of the two-dimensional analog simulation platform and is connected with a water injection pipe embedded in the coal seam precast block, the water inflow monitoring system is arranged at the position connected with the coal seam precast block, and the stress monitoring system comprises a plurality of pressure sensors arranged in the rock stratum analog simulation material at intervals and a stress acquisition instrument connected with the pressure sensors.
The rock stratum similar simulation material is a mixture prepared from quartz sand, calcium carbonate and gypsum according to the rock stratum similar ratio.
The coal seam precast block comprises a matrix test block, a water injection pipe, a water outlet pipe, a pipe cap, a waterproof gel coating and a waterproof adhesive tape; the water injection pipe and the water outlet pipe are embedded in the matrix test block in parallel, pipe caps for sealing the inlet and the outlet are arranged at pipe openings at two sides of the water injection pipe and the water outlet pipe, the pipe openings at two sides of the water injection pipe and the water outlet pipe are flush with the side wall of the matrix test block, a plurality of water permeable holes which are beneficial to water delivery and water seepage of materials are uniformly arranged on the two pipe walls at intervals, and a waterproof gel layer and a waterproof adhesive tape wound outside the waterproof gel layer are sprayed on the surface of the matrix test block.
The matrix test block is prepared from quartz sand, calcium carbonate, gypsum, paraffin and vaseline according to a similar water-based ratio.
The length, width and height dimensions of the coal seam precast block are equal to the width of the one-time excavation step distance and the two-dimensional similarity simulation platform and simulate the height of a coal seam.
The water supply system comprises a water supply hanging bottle, a water injection pipeline, a control water valve A and a fixed bracket; the water supply hanging bottles are fixed on the fixed support, the number of the water supply hanging bottles is determined according to the number of the coal seam precast blocks, and the fixed height of the water supply hanging bottles is determined according to the on-site actually measured coal seam water pressure and the similarity ratio; the outlet of the water control valve of the outlet of the water supply hanging bottle is connected with the pipe orifice of the water injection pipe pre-buried in the coal seam precast block through a water injection pipeline, so that water in the water supply hanging bottle can be injected into the coal seam precast block through the water injection pipeline, and the water control valve A is arranged on the water injection pipeline.
The water inflow monitoring system comprises a flowmeter, a water outlet pipeline and a control water valve B; one end of the water outlet pipeline is connected with a water outlet pipe orifice in the coal seam precast block, a flowmeter is arranged at the pipe orifice at the other end of the water outlet pipeline, the flowmeter is used for recording and measuring the water quantity value change in the precast block, and the control water valve B is arranged on the water outlet pipeline.
According to the dynamic monitoring method for the water inflow of the coal seam taking the coal seam as the main aquifer of the dynamic monitoring system, the method comprises the following steps:
1) Laying a similarity simulation model by using a two-dimensional similarity simulation platform: determining the attribute of each rock stratum in the model according to the actual geological data of the coal mine, and combining the geometric parameters of the rock stratum materials in the model and the characteristic parameters of each rock stratum according to a physical simulation criterion to prepare the similar materials of each rock stratum;
2) Constructing a coal seam precast block, determining geometric parameters and characteristic parameters of a coal seam, namely a water-bearing layer material, in a model according to a physical simulation criterion and a water similarity theory, preparing the coal seam precast block, determining the preparation number n of the coal seam precast blocks according to the excavation step distance, and marking the n coal seam precast blocks with the number K 1 …K n ；
3) Laying a similar model according to the similar simulation parameters of each rock stratum of the model; when the prefabricated block is paved on a coal bed, the prefabricated block is prefabricated by a mark K 1 …K n Sequentially laying the materials by arranging and piling the materials in the coal seam excavation direction; in the process of laying rock stratum similar simulation materials, a plurality of stress sensors are embedded at intervals in the design position inside the model;
4) After the laid similar model is naturally air-dried, the stress monitoring system, the water supply system and the water inflow monitoring system are installed, each coal seam precast block is respectively connected with one water supply system and one water inflow monitoring system, and the water supply system and the water inflow monitoring system are respectively marked as G 1 …G n And Y 1 …Y n Wherein, the control water valve A and the control water valve B on each set of water supply system and water inflow monitoring system are respectively marked as A 1 …A n And B 1 …B n ；
5) Before the similar model is excavated, a vertical pressurizing oil cylinder is arranged at the upper part of the two-dimensional similar simulation platform to apply compensation load to the model;
6) According to the model design scheme, coal seam excavation is carried out, and a coal seam precast block K is carried out 1 Before excavation, a water supply system G connected with each coal seam precast block is started 1 …G n Corresponding to the water valve A of the water valve B 1 …K n The water is injected into the interior, and after the water quantity in all water supply hanging bottles is not changed, the water inflow monitoring system Y connected with each coal seam precast block is started 1 …Y n The control water valve B (20) of the water valve (B) enables seepage water in the precast block to flow out through a water outlet pipeline;
7) In the coal seam excavation process, observing and recording deformation damage and stress state processes of an overlying strata, and simultaneously monitoring the change of flowmeter data L arranged on a water outlet pipeline);
8) Then the next coal seam precast block K is carried out 2 Before excavation, the water supply system G 1 And water inflow monitoring system Y 1 Dismantling, closing control valve A 2 …A n And control valve B 2 …B n Supplementing the water quantity in each residual water supply hanging bottle, and repeating the steps 6) and 7) until the whole model is excavated;
9) In the whole experimental process, stress data sigma obtained by monitoring each stress sensor is corresponding to water inflow data L obtained by a water inflow monitoring system arranged in a corresponding precast block through a stress acquisition instrument, a sigma-L curve is drawn, and the relation between dynamic change L of water inflow of the coal seam which is a main aquifer and the overlying strata stress sigma in the model is established, so that dynamic monitoring of water inflow of the coal seam is realized.
The beneficial effects are that: by adopting the technical scheme, the invention realizes the physical similarity simulation of the coal seam as the main aquifer under the action of fluid-solid coupling, enriches the theory and the technical system of high-strength safe exploitation of the mining area with the special hydrogeological structure, and promotes the rapid and comprehensive development of mineral resource development. By adopting a physical analogue simulation test method to construct a water inrush (burst) model of the mining coal seam, and combining a self-designed water injection and water inflow monitoring system, a strain monitor and a digital photographing technology, the hydraulic pressure change of the coal seam, the moving deformation of overlying strata, the crack development process and the like under the mining condition of a caving method are monitored and recorded, and the relationship between the mining pressure distribution characteristics of the coal seam in the mining of the main aquifer and the water inflow of the coal body is established. The method fills the blank of the physical similarity simulation test under the condition of the coal seam as the main aquifer, provides a new approach for realizing the physical similarity simulation research of the coal seam as the main aquifer under the fluid-solid coupling effect, has a simple structure, is convenient to operate, has experimental results more close to the actual problem of engineering, and has wide practicability in the technical field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic monitoring system for water inflow of a coal seam with a coal seam as a main aquifer.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a prefabricated block of a coal seam, namely an aquifer in the invention.
In the figure: 1-two-dimensional analogue platform, 2-water supply system, 3-water inflow monitoring system, 4-stress monitoring system, 5-rock stratum analogue material, 6-coal seam precast block, 7-matrix test block, 8-water injection pipe, 9-water outlet pipe, 10-pipe cap, 11-waterproof gel coating, 12-waterproof adhesive tape, 13-water permeable hole, 14-water supply hanging bottle, 15-water injection pipeline, 16-control water valve A, 17-fixed bracket, 18-flowmeter, 19-water outlet pipeline, 20-control water valve B, 21-stress sensor, 22-strain gauge and 23-pressurized cylinder.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the invention relates to a dynamic monitoring system for water inflow of a coal seam taking a coal seam as a main water-bearing layer, which comprises a two-dimensional simulation platform 1, a water supply system 2, a water inflow monitoring system 3 and a stress monitoring system 4, wherein the two-dimensional simulation platform 1 is a multifunctional mining plane simulation test platform in which a rock stratum simulation material 5 and a coal seam precast block 6 are sequentially paved, the rock stratum simulation material 5 is a mixture prepared from quartz sand, calcium carbonate and gypsum according to a rock stratum simulation ratio, and the rock stratum simulation materials 5 determine characteristic parameters of materials according to a physical simulation criterion so as to prepare the rock stratum simulation materials. The coal seam precast block 6 comprises a matrix test block 7, a water injection pipe 8, a water outlet pipe 9, a pipe cap 10, a waterproof gel coating 11 and a waterproof adhesive tape 12; the water injection pipe 8 and the water outlet pipe 9 are embedded in the matrix test block 7 in parallel, pipe caps 10 for sealing the inlet and the outlet are arranged at pipe openings on two sides of the water injection pipe 8 and the water outlet pipe 9, the pipe openings on two sides of the water injection pipe 8 and the water outlet pipe 9 are flush with the side wall of the matrix test block 7, a plurality of water permeable holes 13 which are beneficial to water delivery and water seepage of materials are uniformly arranged on the two pipe walls at intervals, a waterproof gel layer 11 and a waterproof adhesive tape 12 wound outside the waterproof gel layer are sprayed on the surface of the matrix test block 7, and the matrix test block 7 is prepared from quartz sand, calcium carbonate, gypsum, paraffin and vaseline according to a similar water aspect ratio. The upper part of the two-dimensional similarity simulation platform 1 is provided with a vertical pressurizing oil cylinder 23 for applying compensation load to the model; the water supply system 2 is arranged at one side of the two-dimensional similarity simulation platform 1 and is connected with a water injection pipe pre-buried in the coal seam precast block 6, and the water supply system 2 comprises a water supply hanging bottle 14, a water injection pipeline 15, a control water valve A16 and a fixed bracket 17; the water supply hanging bottles 14 are fixed on the fixed support 17, the number of the water supply hanging bottles 14 is determined according to the number of the coal seam precast blocks 6, and the fixed height of the water supply hanging bottles 14 is determined according to the on-site actually measured coal seam water pressure and the similarity ratio; the water outlet of the water outlet control valve of the water supply hanging bottle 14 is connected with the pipe orifice of a water injection pipe 8 pre-buried in the coal seam precast block 6 through a water injection pipeline 15, a stable permeable water source is provided for the coal seam precast block 6, so that water in the water supply hanging bottle 14 can be injected into the coal seam precast block 6 through the water injection pipeline 15, and a water delivery quantity adjustable control valve A16 is arranged on the water injection pipeline 15; the length, width and height dimensions of the coal seam precast block 6 are equal to the width of the one-time excavation step and the two-dimensional similar simulation platform and simulate the height of a coal seam. The water inflow monitoring system 3 is arranged at a position connected with the coal seam precast block 6, and the stress monitoring system 4 comprises a plurality of pressure sensors 21 which are arranged in the rock stratum similar simulation material 5 at intervals and a stress acquisition instrument 22 connected with the pressure sensors. The water inflow monitoring system 3 comprises a flowmeter 18, a water outlet pipeline 19 and a control water valve B20; one end of the water outlet pipeline 19 is connected with the pipe orifice of the water outlet pipe 9 in the coal seam precast block 6, the other end of the water outlet pipeline is provided with a flowmeter 18, the flowmeter 18 is used for recording and measuring the water quantity value change in the precast block 6, and the control water valve B20 is arranged on the water outlet pipeline 19.
The invention relates to a dynamic monitoring method for water inflow of a coal seam taking the coal seam as a main water-bearing layer, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Laying a similarity simulation model by using the two-dimensional similarity simulation platform 1: determining the attribute of each rock stratum in the model according to the actual geological data of the coal mine, and combining the geometric parameters of the rock stratum materials in the model and the characteristic parameters of each rock stratum according to a physical simulation criterion to prepare the similar materials of each rock stratum; quartz sand is selected as aggregate, calcium carbonate, gypsum, vaseline and paraffin are selected as auxiliary materials, and a matching scheme of a similar simulation material is designed according to an orthogonal test method;
2) Constructing a coal seam precast block 6, and determining geometrical parameters and characteristic parameters of a coal seam, namely a water-bearing layer material, in the model according to a physical simulation criterion and a water similarity theory to prepare the coal seam precast block 6, wherein the coal seam precast block 6 is formed by combining a matrix test block 7, a water injection pipe 8, a water outlet pipe 9, a pipe cap 10, a waterproof gel coating 11 and a waterproof adhesive tape 12; the preparation number n of the coal seam precast blocks 6 is determined according to the excavation step distance, and the n coal seam precast blocks are marked with the number K 1 …K n The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The manufacturing process of the coal seam precast block 6 is as follows:
a. quartz sand is selected as aggregate, calcium carbonate, gypsum, vaseline and paraffin are selected as auxiliary materials, and a matching scheme of a similar simulation material is designed according to an orthogonal test method;
b. weighing aggregate and auxiliary materials according to a pre-designed proportioning scheme, and uniformly stirring the mixed aggregate; mixing paraffin and vaseline, heating for melting, pouring into the mixed aggregate, and stirring again;
c. manufacturing and molding the mixed material through a standard mold;
d. placing the demoulded test piece in a curing box for curing for 7 days to perform strength test;
e. the test piece after maintenance is immersed in water for 1h, 8h, 12h and 24h respectively to test the water absorption and softening coefficient, and according to the test result, the similar simulation material proportion of the coal seam as the main water-bearing layer is determined according to the physical simulation criterion and the water-based similarity theory;
f. repeating the step b according to the determined mixture ratio of the coal seam similar simulation materials;
g. the mixed material is manufactured and molded by a special die to form a matrix test block 7; in the process of manufacturing the matrix test block 7, a water injection pipe 8 and a water outlet pipe 9 which are made of PVC materials are pre-buried in the matrix test block 7, and the length of the matrix test block 7 is 4/5 of the length of the pipe; the inner pipe orifices of the water injection pipe 8 and the water outlet pipe 9 are sealed by using a pipe cap 10, and the side part of the special die is drilled to flush the outer pipe orifices of the water injection pipe 8 and the water outlet pipe 9 with the side wall of the matrix test block 7; a plurality of water permeable holes 13 are uniformly arranged on the pipe walls of the water injection pipe 8 and the water outlet pipe 9 at intervals, which is favorable for water delivery and water seepage of materials, and the number and the diameter of the water permeable holes 13 are designed according to the permeability parameters of the actual aquifer.
h. After demolding the matrix test block 7, spraying waterproof gel 11 on the surface, winding waterproof adhesive tape 12 for water sealing treatment after air drying, and exposing the pipe orifices of the water injection pipe 8 and the water outlet pipe 9;
i. the length, width and height dimensions of the coal seam precast block 6 are equal to the primary excavation step distance, the width of the two-dimensional analog simulation platform and the height of the simulated coal seam, the number of the prefabricated coal seam blocks is determined according to the excavation step distance, and the prefabricated coal seam blocks are marked as K 1 …K n ；
3) Laying a similar model according to the similar simulation parameters of each rock stratum of the model; when the prefabricated block is paved on a coal bed, the prefabricated block 6 is prefabricated according to the reference number K 1 …K n Sequentially laying the materials by arranging and piling the materials in the coal seam excavation direction; according to experimental design, a plurality of stress sensors 21 are embedded at intervals in the design position inside the model in the process of laying the rock stratum similar simulation material (5);
4) After the laid similar model is naturally air-dried, the connection pipeline connection among the water supply system 2, the water inflow monitoring system 3 and the coal seam precast blocks 6 and the installation of the stress monitoring system 4 are completed, each coal seam precast block 6 is respectively connected with one set of the water supply system 2 and one set of the water inflow monitoring system 3, and the water supply system and the water inflow monitoring system are respectively marked as G 1 …G n And Y 1 …Y n Wherein, the control water valve A16 and the control water valve B20 on each water supply system 2 and the water inflow monitoring system 3 are respectively marked as A 1 …A n And B 1 …B n The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Each water supply hanging bottle 14 is fixed above the outer side of the model through a fixing bracket 17, and the fixed height is determined according to the on-site measured water pressure of the coal seam and the similarity ratio;
5) Before the similar model is excavated, a vertical pressurizing oil cylinder 23 is arranged at the upper part of the two-dimensional similar simulation platform 1 to apply compensation load to the model;
6) According to the model design scheme, coal seam excavation is carried out, and a coal seam precast block K is carried out 1 Before excavation, a water supply system G connected with each coal seam precast block 6 is started 1 …G n Is controlled by a water valve A16 to correspond to the coal seam precast block K 1 …K n Inside water is filled to wait for the inside of all water supply hanging bottles 14After the water quantity is not changed, starting a water inflow monitoring system Y connected with each coal seam precast block 6 1 …Y n The control water valve B20 of the (a) enables seepage water in the precast block to flow out through the water outlet pipeline 19;
7) During the coal seam excavation process, observing and recording deformation damage and stress state processes of the overlying strata, and simultaneously monitoring the change of data L of a flowmeter 18 arranged on a water outlet pipeline 19;
8) Then the next coal seam precast block K is carried out 2 Before excavation, the water supply system G 1 And water inflow monitoring system Y 1 Dismantling, closing control valve A 2 …A n And control valve B 2 …B n Supplementing the water quantity in each water supply hanging bottle (14) until the whole model is excavated, and repeating the steps 6) and 7);
9) In the whole experimental process, stress data sigma obtained by monitoring each stress sensor 21 is corresponding to water inflow data L obtained by a water inflow monitoring system 3 arranged in a corresponding precast block 6 through a stress collector 22, a sigma-L curve is drawn, and the relation between the dynamic change L of the water inflow of the coal bed which is a main aquifer and the overlying strata stress sigma in the model is established, so that the dynamic monitoring of the water inflow of the coal bed is realized.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a coal seam water inflow dynamic monitoring method of coal seam as main aquifer, includes the coal seam water inflow dynamic monitoring system of adopting the coal seam as main aquifer, and the system includes two-dimensional analog simulation platform (1), water supply system (2), water inflow monitoring system (3) and stress monitoring system (4), and its characterized in that, coal seam water inflow dynamic monitoring method includes following steps:
1) Laying a similarity simulation model by using a two-dimensional similarity simulation platform (1): determining the attribute of each rock stratum in the model according to the actual geological data of the coal mine, and combining the geometric parameters of the rock stratum materials in the model and the characteristic parameters of each rock stratum according to a physical simulation criterion to prepare the similar materials of each rock stratum;
2) Constructing a coal seam precast block (6), and determining coal in the model according to a physical simulation criterion and a water similarity theoryThe layer is the geometrical parameter and characteristic parameter of the water-bearing layer material, the coal seam precast block (6) is prepared, and the preparation number of the coal seam precast block (6)nAccording to the determination of the excavation step distance and willnThe prefabricated blocks of the coal bed are marked asK 1 …K n ；
3) Laying a similar model according to the similar simulation parameters of each rock stratum of the model; when the prefabricated block is paved on a coal bed, the prefabricated block (6) of the coal bed is marked by the following markK 1 …K n Sequentially laying the materials by arranging and piling the materials in the coal seam excavation direction; in the process of laying a rock stratum similar simulation material (5), a plurality of stress sensors (21) are embedded at intervals in the design position inside the model;
4) After the laid similar model is naturally air-dried, the stress monitoring system (4), the water supply system (2) and the water inflow monitoring system are installed, each coal seam precast block (6) is respectively connected with one set of water supply system (2) and one set of water inflow monitoring system (3), and the water supply system and the water inflow monitoring system are respectively marked asG 1 …G n AndY 1 …Y n wherein, the control water valve A (16) and the control water valve B (20) on each water supply system (2) and the water inflow monitoring system (3) are respectively marked asA 1 …A n AndB 1 …B n ；
5) Before the similar model is excavated, a vertical pressurizing oil cylinder (23) is arranged at the upper part of the two-dimensional similar simulation platform (1) to apply compensation load to the model;
6) According to the model design scheme, coal seam excavation is carried out, and a coal seam precast block is carried outK 1 Before excavation, a water supply system connected with each coal seam precast block (6) is startedG 1 …G n Is controlled by a water valve A (16) to correspond to the coal seam precast blockK 1 …K n The water is injected into the interior, and after the water quantity in all water supply hanging bottles (14) is not changed, the water inflow monitoring connected with each coal seam precast block (6) is startedMeasuring systemY 1 …Y n The control water valve B (20) of the (a) enables seepage water in the precast block to flow out through the water outlet pipeline (19);
7) During the coal seam excavation process, observing and recording deformation damage and stress state processes of the overlying strata, and simultaneously monitoring the change of data L of a flowmeter (18) arranged on a water outlet pipeline (19);
8) Then the next coal seam precast block is carried outK 2 Before excavation, water supply systemG 1 Water inflow monitoring systemY 1 Dismantling, closing control valveA 2 …A n Control valveB 2 …B n Supplementing the water quantity in each water supply hanging bottle (14) until the whole model is excavated, and repeating the steps 6) and 7);
9) In the whole experimental process, stress data sigma obtained by monitoring each stress sensor (21) is corresponding to water inflow data L obtained by a water inflow monitoring system (3) arranged in a corresponding coal seam precast block (6) through a stress collector (22), a sigma-L curve is drawn, and the relation between the dynamic change L of the water inflow of the coal seam which is a main water-bearing layer of the coal seam and the stress sigma of the overlying strata in the model is established, so that the dynamic monitoring of the water inflow of the coal seam is realized.
2. A dynamic monitoring system for water inflow of a coal seam as a primary aquifer for implementing the method of claim 1, wherein: the two-dimensional simulation platform (1) is a multifunctional mining plane simulation physical simulation test platform with rock stratum simulation materials (5) and coal seam precast blocks (6) laid in sequence, and a vertical pressurizing oil cylinder (23) for applying compensation load to the model is arranged at the upper part of the two-dimensional simulation platform (1); the water supply system (2) is arranged on one side of the two-dimensional analogue simulation platform (1) and is connected with a water injection pipe embedded in the coal seam precast block (6), the water inflow monitoring system (3) is arranged at the position connected with the coal seam precast block (6), and the stress monitoring system (4) comprises a plurality of stress sensors (21) arranged in the rock stratum analogue simulation material (5) at intervals and a stress acquisition instrument (22) connected with the stress sensors.
3. The dynamic monitoring system for water inflow of coal seam-based aquifer of claim 2, wherein: the rock stratum similar simulation material (5) is a mixture prepared from quartz sand, calcium carbonate and gypsum according to the rock stratum similar ratio.
4. The dynamic monitoring system for water inflow of coal seam-based aquifer of claim 2, wherein: the coal seam precast block (6) comprises a matrix test block (7), a water injection pipe (8), a water outlet pipe (9), a pipe cap (10), a waterproof gel coating (11) and a waterproof adhesive tape (12); the water injection pipe (8) and the water outlet pipe (9) are embedded in the matrix test block (7) in parallel, pipe caps (10) for sealing the inlets and the outlets are arranged at pipe openings of the two sides of the water injection pipe (8) and the water outlet pipe (9), the pipe openings of the two sides of the water injection pipe (8) and the water outlet pipe (9) are flush with the side wall of the matrix test block (7), a plurality of water permeable holes (13) which are beneficial to water delivery and water seepage of materials are uniformly arranged on the two pipe walls at intervals, and a waterproof gel coating (11) and a waterproof adhesive tape (12) wound outside the waterproof gel coating are sprayed on the surface of the matrix test block (7).
5. The dynamic monitoring system for water inflow of a coal seam of which the coal seam is a main aquifer of claim 4, wherein: the matrix test block (7) is prepared from quartz sand, calcium carbonate, gypsum, paraffin and vaseline according to a similar water-based ratio.
6. The dynamic monitoring system for water inflow of coal seam of claim 2, wherein the water inflow of the coal seam is a main aquifer, is characterized in that: the length, width and height dimensions of the coal seam precast block (6) are equal to the width of the two-dimensional similar simulation platform and the height of the simulated coal seam.
7. The dynamic monitoring system for water inflow of coal seam-based aquifer of claim 2, wherein: the water supply system (2) comprises a water supply hanging bottle (14), a water injection pipeline (15), a control water valve A (16) and a fixed bracket (17); the water supply hanging bottles (14) are fixed on the fixed support (17), the number of the water supply hanging bottles (14) is determined according to the number of the coal seam precast blocks (6), and the fixed height of the water supply hanging bottles (14) is determined according to the on-site actually measured coal seam water pressure and the similarity ratio; the outlet of the water control valve of the water supply hanging bottle (14) is connected with the pipe orifice of a water injection pipe (8) pre-buried in the coal seam precast block (6) through a water injection pipeline (15), so that water in the water supply hanging bottle (14) can be injected into the coal seam precast block (6) through the water injection pipeline (15), and the water control valve A (16) is arranged on the water injection pipeline (15).
8. The dynamic monitoring system for water inflow of coal seam-based aquifer of claim 2, wherein: the water inflow monitoring system (3) comprises a flowmeter (18), a water outlet pipeline (19) and a control water valve B (20); one end of the water outlet pipeline (19) is connected with a pipe orifice of a water outlet pipe (9) in the coal seam precast block (6), a flowmeter (18) is arranged at the pipe orifice of the other end, the water quantity value change in the coal seam precast block (6) is recorded and measured by the flowmeter (18), and the control water valve B (20) is arranged on the water outlet pipeline (19).
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