CN102912965B - Fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor - Google Patents
Fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102912965B CN102912965B CN201210443868.XA CN201210443868A CN102912965B CN 102912965 B CN102912965 B CN 102912965B CN 201210443868 A CN201210443868 A CN 201210443868A CN 102912965 B CN102912965 B CN 102912965B
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Landscapes
- Floor Finish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, comprising a plurality of floor units made from fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composite materials and board fixing pieces which are used for matching and splicing two adjacent floor units and made from other materials, wherein the floor units comprise wing plates extending outwards along the bottom edges of the two sides and the board fixing pieces are arranged on the wing plates of the two adjacent floor units via lap joint and fixedly connected with a base for carrying the floor units through screws. The assembled floor disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of excellent processing intellectualization, good mechanical property, environmental protection, light weight, convenience and rapidness in installation, capability of satisfying use habits and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of assembled floor, particularly relate to a kind of floor unit of being made up of fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite and floor that the fixture prepared by other material by this floor unit is assembled.
Background technology
The floors such as Nowadays, Container shipping, vehicle and steamer mainly contain veneer, integration wood floor and steel floor, and based on wooden plywood.All there is realistic problem or the obstacle of the following aspects in conventional container, vehicle and steamer floor.
one, environmental issue: be embodied in two aspects: the floors such as the first, existing container, vehicle and steamer are mainly wood floors, as everyone knows, hardwood mainly comes from tropical rain forest, and its large area disappears further obvious on the impact of environment, and the scarcity of resource and the large contradiction of demand increasing.The second, producing wood floors needs boiler to provide the energy, and the VOC discharge of boiler is important pollution sources, and every country controls energetically.
two, energy-conservation obstacle: in transport, the density on the floors such as conventional wooden container, vehicle and steamer is at about 800KG/ cube, container, vehicle and steamer overall weight is caused to strengthen, no matter be that vehicle transport or seagoing vessel transport all waste energy, the lightweight directions, floor such as container, vehicle and steamer are trends of the times.In energy consumption, conventional wood floors energy consumption cost is higher.
Three,
manufacturing process is loaded down with trivial details: conventional wooden veneer be by which floor to tens layers not wait Wooden veneer according to corresponding assembly structure, form through hot press hot-press gluing, this product need have tens of procedure just can complete, operation is comparatively loaded down with trivial details, production efficiency is low, and human factor is more, be unfavorable for the raising of product stability; The production of steel floor is comparatively simple, but because it is not corrosion-resistant, mutability, high in cost of production problem and be progressively eliminated.
four, the problem of mounting means:it is fastening or be welded and fixed that the fixed form on the floors such as container, vehicle and steamer is generally self-tapping screw, for container wood floors, 53 forty equivalent unit 40 need the screw of about 1500, installation procedure be with equipment or artificial by floor covering layers in underframe, then manually plug in pricker location, setting-out hole, spread nail, multiple operation such as fastening, its labour intensity is large, and personnel demand is many, and production efficiency is low.And screw position is after boring, screw hole destroys the continuity of fiber, the weakest link of whole parts will be become, the floors such as this initial imperfection and container, vehicle and steamer affect highly significant as the anti-fatigue performance of environment for use on material of stress members, therefore, conventional bolt fastening means is a key factor of the maintenance cost increase in later stage.
five, the cheapization obstacle of use cost: what the use cost on the floors such as conventional container, vehicle and steamer was relatively more outstanding is knock-out expense and maintenance cost.Wood floors use rear cleaning charge always higher at every turn, are the common recognitions in industry.The main cause that maintenance cost is high is that in case, floor has somewhere been destroyed, and monoblock floor is changed often, also will repair welding is original again nail to punch pinning again.
Therefore, seek a kind ofly from producing to, novel floor that is all increasingly automated, hommization to be installed, and realize environmental friendliness, resources conservation, lightweight outward appearance good, target that usage charges are lower again, become current urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, for solving above-mentioned prior art Problems existing and deficiency, a kind of floor unit be made up of fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite and the floor be spliced by fixture prepared by other material by this floor unit are provided, this floor have that excellent Machining Intelligent, mechanical property are good, environmental protection, lightweight and the convenient performance of installation meet the speciality such as use habit.
For realizing object of the present invention, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, comprise floor unit that polylith is made up of fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite and for mate floor unit described in splicing fixing adjacent two plate between fixture, described floor unit comprises the wing plate that the bottom margin along its both sides extends outward, and the described wing plate that between described plate, fixture overlap joint is arranged on adjacent two floor unit is fixedly connected with the pedestal carrying described floor unit by screw.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, between described plate, fixture adopts prepared by wood materials, plastics or composite material, between described plate fixture upper surface height a little more than or equal the height of described floor unit upper surface.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, described floor unit comprises panel and by the multiple webs extended bottom this panel downwards, described web comprises two coxostermums being positioned at these panel both sides and the middle pectoral plate being positioned at centre, and described coxostermum comprises the vertical support of being extended by this panel two side bottom and the described wing plate outwards extend horizontally away by this vertical support base edge downwards; Between described plate, the structure of fixture and the pleurosternal structure of described floor unit two match, and comprise base portion and are positioned at the both wings of described base portion both sides, described both wings be pressed on its both sides two described on wing plate, the bottom of described base portion is pressed on described pedestal.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, described coxostermum also comprises the shoulder that described vertical support base edge extends internally out.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, described in every block, between plate, the centre position of fixture is provided with 1 ~ 3 row's screw for its fixing with described pedestal along its width.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, described middle pectoral plate includes two shoulders vertically supporting and extend to both sides along this vertical support base edge; The arc transition of 1 ~ 5mm is all formed between described vertical support and described two shoulders; Described in described panel and described middle pectoral plate and two, between coxostermum, all forming radius is the arc transition of 5 ~ 12mm.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, the spacing between described adjacent two webs is 30 ~ 100mm.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, described panel is arranged with at least one groove downwards, and the width of described groove is 30 ~ 150mm, be filled with in described groove match with this groove structure, cross section is the plate upper fixing element of chamfering rectangle.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, the centre position of plate upper fixing element described in every block is provided with 1 ~ 2 row's screw for its fixing with described panel along its width.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, the described coxostermum in the outside of floor unit described in outermost two is fixedly connected with by edge fixture with between described pedestal; Structure and the described pleurosternal structure of described edge fixture match, comprise a base portion and be positioned at the double-vane of described base portion both sides, on the described wing plate that the double-vane of described edge fixture is pressed on its both sides respectively and described pedestal, the bottom of described base portion is pressed on described pedestal.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, end position in cavity between described adjacent two webs all mates and is provided with the filling member that length is 30 ~ 400mm, little 0.1 ~ the 2mm of width dimensions of cavity, the large 0.5 ~ 2mm of cavity height size between more adjacent described two webs of described filling member height dimension between more adjacent described two webs of width dimensions of described filling member.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, described filling member is entity filling member, and its cross section is for falling " convex " font, and its two side bottom is provided with circular arc chamfering for mating the arc transition between the described vertical support of each web and described shoulder.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, described filling member is the hollow core structures be made up of several cavity according to the different designs of manufacturing process and material properties.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, between described plate, the length direction of fixture, plate upper fixing element, edge fixture is splicing or poker; Described plate upper fixing element, edge fixture and filling member are by prepared by wood materials, plastics or composite material, and described wood materials comprises the composite plate of real-wood integrated material composite plate, wooden plywood, bamboo wood composite veneer, directional structure board and wooden/bamboo veneer.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, described wood materials is wooden plywood or bamboo wood composite veneer, it is the unsymmetric structure plate of 23 layers, wherein 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21 is Wooden veneer or bamboo veneer, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 23 is Wooden veneer, it from the assemble pattern of the 1st layer to 23 layers is: longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, described wood materials is the composite plywood of directional structure board and wooden/Bamboo veneer, it is the unsymmetric structure plate of 12 layers, wherein 3,5 is directional structure board, 7,9 is Wooden veneer or Bamboo veneer, 1,2,4,6,8,10,11,12 is Wooden veneer, and it from the assemble pattern of the 1st layer to 12 layers is: longitudinal grin plate-band plate-directional structure board-band plate-directional structure board-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite is glass fiber compound material or carbon fibre composite or aramid fiber reinforced composite or natural-fiber composite material.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, the surface spraying of described floor unit has thickness to be the polyurethane of 0.5-2.0mm, polyurethane (urea) or polyurea materials.Between described plate, the surface of fixture, plate upper fixing element and edge fixture is all coated with polyurethane, polyurethane (urea) or the polyurea materials that thickness is 0.5-2.0mm, or sprays paint or immersion non-woven fabrics overlay film.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, the thickness of described assembled floor is 10 ~ 65mm, and global density is 200 kg/m3 ~ 800kg/m
3.
Floor of the present invention has following beneficial effect.
one, environmental protection speciality:with a kind of macromolecular material in unsaturated polyester resin, vinylite, epoxy resin, polyurethane for matrix material, with a kind of fibrous material in glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, other natural fibers for reinforcing material, achieve the major part to flooring materials such as conventional container, vehicle and steamers or replacing whole, abandon the tropical rain forest timber taking welding as cost, and this assembled floor is the volatilization of real environment-friendly products, VOC free gas.
two, lightweight:its component units is designed to many cancelled structures that many webs support by assembled floor of the present invention, particularly improves the modulus of elasticity of product and MOR simultaneously meeting its every mechanical index, also effectively reduces product weight, decrease raw-material consumption.And according to the difference of floor function, Thickness Design is from 10mm to 65mm, and hollow density is from 200 kg/m3 to 800kg/m3, and the weight than conventional wooden floor has the reduction of 20-60%.
three, high comprehensive performance:every mechanical property such as flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, impact strength, hot strength of this assembled floor is all far above conventional wood floors; and the application life of fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite (FRP) is general all at about 20 years; and the innovation mode that floor unit of the present invention combines with fixture; object is the integrality on available protecting FRP floor; impaired or be also convenient to after reaching application life change at fixture, effectively reduce the expense brought because changing Integral floor.This assembled floor also has the excellent performance such as anticorrosion, wear-resisting, anti-skidding and moistureproof in addition.
four, quick for installation:assembled floor of the present invention only needs the long floor unit of several piece poker and fixture to complete installation, and installation effectiveness improves more than 30%, and this assembled floor poker design in the longitudinal direction simultaneously ensure that its bulk strength more.This assembled floor screw (screw) use amount is only the 60% even less of conventional wood floors, significantly can reduce operating personnel and the time of screw punching pinning, save a large amount of screw material cost and labour cost, screw number significantly reduces the stress concentration phenomenon also reducing screw hole and produce between floor simultaneously.
five, reusable and recyclable characteristic:assembled floor of the present invention is owing to having longer application life and special mounting means, impaired or when scrapping at the miscellaneous part such as casing or car body, this assembled floor only need be equipped with required fixture again and just can realize reusing, and realizes the saving of resource and recycles; After this assembled floor completes and uses life cycle, can recycle simultaneously, form the business cycle pattern of " Cradle to Cradle ".
six, cost of use is low:outstanding bright spot is clean simple convenient with maintenance---the surfacing of this assembled floor has extremely strong self-cleaning anti-pollution and contaminates effect, and clean dirt is convenient, directly rinses with water.
seven, use habit is met:the present invention's fixture used adopts wood materials (containing real-wood integrated material, bamboo-wood plyboard, special veneer, directional structure board etc.) or composite element, be conducive to the Function of nailing restraint of loads in the use procedures such as container, vehicle and steamer, to meet the general use habit of logistics transportation industry.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Figure 1A is the floor board unit structure schematic diagram of assembled floor embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Figure 1B is the structural representation of fixture between the plate for splicing the assembled floor shown in Figure 1A.
Fig. 1 C is the structural representation of the edge fixture for splicing the assembled floor shown in Figure 1A.
Fig. 1 D to be spliced into the schematic diagram of assembled floor for the floor unit shown in Figure 1A by the edges of boards fixture described in fixture between the plate described in Figure 1B and Fig. 1 C.
Fig. 2 A is the floor board unit structure schematic diagram of assembled floor embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 B is the structural representation of the plate upper fixing element for the floor unit shown in blank map 2A.
Fig. 2 C to be spliced into the schematic diagram of assembled floor for the floor unit shown in Fig. 2 A by the plate upper fixing element shown in the edges of boards fixture shown in fixture, Fig. 1 C between the plate described in Figure 1B and Fig. 2 B.
Fig. 3 A is the end entity filling member structural representation of assembled floor embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 B is the end hollow core structures filling member structural representation of assembled floor embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 C is the filling schematic diagram of the end filling member shown in Fig. 3 A in assembled floor.
Fig. 4 is the assembly structural representation of fixture, edge fixture, plate upper fixing element and end filling member material therefor between the plate shown in Figure 1B, 1C, 2B, 3A, 3B.
Fig. 5 is the another kind of assembly structural representation of fixture, edge fixture, plate upper fixing element and end filling member material therefor between the plate shown in Figure 1B, 1C, 2B, 3A, 3B.
Figure 6 shows that assembled floor of the present invention entirety assembling schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, elaboration is further given to the present invention.
Fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor (hereinafter referred to as assembled floor) of the present invention can be used in the floors such as container, vehicle and steamer, and following examples are only to be used in container floor, and the present invention will be further described.Because the erection method of floor unit when being used in the floor such as vehicle and steamer and fixture all can be determined according to the concrete structure of the mounting base of vehicle and steamer etc. (underframe or base plate), therefore do not repeat them here.
(orientation herein describes and all describes corresponding with the orientation of container some cross members that chassis of container comprises two parallel and bottom side beams that are that longitudinally arrange, be horizontally set between two described bottom side beams, namely " side " is the orientation parallel with the bottom side beams length direction of container, and " end " is the orientation parallel with the length direction of container end crossbeam).Floor unit of the present invention is layed on pedestal and chassis of container, and it adopts fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite to be prepared from through pultrusion molding process, the many cancelled structures be made up of surfacing, panel and multiple support webs.Its general principle is the speciality according to fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite high strength, low modulus, be designed to many cancelled structures, not only effectively can reduce the hollow density of base plate, reduce material cost simultaneously, and flexural strength and the modulus of elasticity on floor can be improved.Its moulding process has the excellent advantage such as continuity, operability, one-shot forming.
Fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite of the present invention, fortifying fibre is wherein one or more fibrous materials in glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, other natural fibers, and polymeric matrix material is wherein one or more macromolecular materials in unsaturated polyester resin, vinylite, epoxy resin, polyurethane.The surfacing of floor unit of the present invention is polyurethane, polyurethane (urea) or polyureas, the solvent-free spraying technology spraying of high pressure is adopted to form, coating thickness is 0.5-2.0mm, to realize the function of wear-resisting, anti-skidding, shock resistance, antipollution, protection against the tide, acid and alkali-resistance.
Assembled floor of the present invention is made up of the multiple-unit component such as fixture, plate upper fixing element, edge fixture and filling member between lumpily Slab element and the plate prepared by other material.Wherein, between plate, fixture, plate upper fixing element, edge fixture are the fixing assembly buckle prepared by materials such as wood materials, plastics or composite materials admittedly, for fixing adjacent floor unit, its principle floor unit to be compressed the powerful nail-holding ability of screw by fixture and is connected on the cross member of chassis of container, makes each floor unit and chassis of container (pedestal) connect into an entirety.Filling member is prepared, for the support of floor unit end portion cavity position, to strengthen compressive strength and the fatigue performance on floor by materials such as plastics, wood materials or composite materials.
Fixture between plate, plate upper fixing element, edge fixture are all the same with floor unit, the solvent-free spraying technology of high pressure is adopted all to be coated with polyurethane, polyurethane (urea) or polyurea materials on surface, or spray paint or immersion non-woven fabrics overlay film, coating thickness is 0.5-2.0mm, to realize the function of wear-resisting, anti-skidding, shock resistance, antipollution, protection against the tide, acid and alkali-resistance.
Assembled floor thickness of the present invention is 10 ~ 65mm, and global density is 200 kg/m3 ~ 800kg/m
3.
Following examples will be described further assembled floor of the present invention.
embodiment 1]as shown in figure ip, the container assembled floor (hereinafter referred to as container floor) of the embodiment of the present invention 1, by being lumpily spliced by fixture between plate 3 and edge fixture 4 between Slab element 1.
Wherein, as shown in 1A, floor unit 1 adopts glass fiber compound material or carbon fibre composite or aramid fiber reinforced composite or natural-fiber composite material to make.It structurally comprises panel 11 and two coxostermums 12 and 13 of being extended by this panel 11 liang of side bottoms and the multiple middle pectoral plates 14 extended by this panel 11 central bottom downwards downwards.Wherein, middle pectoral plate 14 includes two shoulders 142 vertically supporting 141 and extended by these vertical support 141 two bottom sides, 143, make the cross section of middle pectoral plate 14 roughly in inverted T shape, in addition, the characteristic of polymer matrix composite is strengthened according to dimension used, vertical support 141 and shoulder 142, between 143, equal forming radius is the arc transition of 1 ~ 5mm, and and between panel 11, all adopt radius to be the orthodrome transition of 5 ~ 12mm, to reduce the stress concentration phenomenon of container floor unit at shape saltation zone, and for realizing effective transmission of load, make the vertical support 141 being delivered to each web and the shoulder 142 of uniform load suffered by panel 11, on 143, can support panel 11 to greatest extent.
And the shoulders 123 that coxostermum 12 comprises the vertical support 121 of being extended by panel 11 liang of side bottoms, the wing plates 122 outwards extend horizontally away by this vertical support 121 downwards and extends internally out along this vertical support 121, the shoulders 133 that coxostermum 13 comprises the vertical support 131 of being extended by panel 11 liang of side bottoms, the wing plates 132 outwards extend horizontally away by this vertical support 131 downwards and extends internally out along this vertical support 131.Similar with middle pectoral plate 14, vertically supporting between 121 and shoulder 122 and shoulder 123, vertically supporting equal forming radius between 131 and shoulder 132 and shoulder 133 is the arc transition of 1 ~ 5mm.The floor unit 1 of this kind of structure is uniformly distributed and the two ends of center line symmetrically structure due to its middle pectoral plate, and also image claims horizontal continuous type panel.
As shown in 1B, between plate, fixture 3 is made by wood materials, plastics or composite material.And described wood materials comprises the composite plate etc. of real-wood integrated material composite plate, wooden plywood, bamboo wood composite veneer, directional structure board (OSB plate) and wooden/bamboo veneer.Between plate, the coxostermum shown in fixture 3 structure on two sides and Figure 1A matches, fixture 3 between entire plate is made to be roughly the T-shape with double-vane, specifically comprise a base portion 31 and be positioned at the double-vane 32 of base portion both sides, 33, double-vane 32, 33 for two pleurosternal two adjacent vanes 122 and 132 of adjacent two floor unit that compress its both sides, and the bottom of base portion 31 is pressed on the corresponding cross member (not shown) of container, both wings 32, the both sides bottom comer of 33 is all formed with chamfering 321 and 331, chamfering 321, the angle of 331 and vertically support between 121 and shoulder 122, or vertically the radius supported between 131 and shoulder 132 is that the transition arc of 1 ~ 5mm matches correspondence.
As shown in 1C, edge fixture 4 material used and structure all and between plate fixture 3 similar.It is made by wood materials, plastics or composite material.And described wood materials comprises the composite plate etc. that described wood materials comprises real-wood integrated material composite plate, wooden plywood, bamboo wood composite veneer, directional structure board (OSB plate) and wooden/bamboo veneer.Coxostermum shown in edge fixture 4 structure on two sides and Figure 1A and container bottom side beam match, make monoblock edge fixture 4 roughly in the T-shape part with double-vane, specifically comprise a base portion 41 and be positioned at the double-vane 42 of base portion both sides, 43, double-vane 42, 43 pleurosternal wing plate 122(or 132 of floor unit for compressing its both sides) and container bottom side beam, and the bottom of base portion 41 is pressed on container ground frame, double-vane 42, the both sides bottom comer of 43 is all formed with chamfering 421, 431, chamfering 421, the angle of 431 and vertically support between 121 and shoulder 122, or vertically the radius supported between 131 and shoulder 132 is the transition arc of 1 ~ 5mm, and match corresponding with container bottom side beam.
According to the difference of field used, floor or type, the width of above each floor unit 1 is different, the number of its middle pectoral plate be 3 ~ 15 not etc., meanwhile, according to the difference of its load bearing requirements, the spacing between adjacent two webs is not 30 to 100mm not etc.
Fig. 1 D is fixture 3 and the edge fixture 4 assembled schematic diagram on chassis of container between the floor unit 1 of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and plate.As shown in figure ip, a complete container floor is spliced into by fixture 3 between 6 plates between 7 floor unit 1, and be connected by edge fixture 4 with between container bottom side beam (not shown) at the coxostermum in the outside of outermost two floor unit 1, the double-vane of edge fixture 4 is for compressing the coxostermum and container bottom side beam (not shown) that are positioned at its both sides.
Concrete connecting method is, first by 7 floor unit 1 laies on chassis of container, then fixture 3 between 6 plates be placed on corresponding position and regulate make its compact compression floor unit 1, then between 6 plates, screw played by fixture 3 again and fixes.Between plate, the total length of fixture 3 is identical with the length of adjacent at least one floor unit 1 or determine according to the length of casing underframe, and between the plate of length direction, fixture 3 can overlap, also can poker.At overlap joint bonding surface, scribble continuous print fluid sealant or band along floor length direction.
The floor unit 1 of the present embodiment 1, in the installation with chassis of container is specifically fixing, is that 1 ~ 3 row's screw is played along its width in the center of fixture 3 between every block plate and container bottom cross beam is fixed.
embodiment 2]as shown in Figure 2 C, the container floor of the embodiment of the present invention 2, by being lumpily spliced by fixture between plate 3 and edge fixture 4 between Slab element 2.
As shown in Figure 2 A, identical with the floor unit 1 of embodiment 1, floor unit 2 adopts equally glass fiber compound material or carbon fibre composite or aramid fiber reinforced composite or natural-fiber composite material to make.Its multiple middle pectoral plates 24 structurally comprising panel 21, two coxostermums 22 and 23 extended by this panel 21 liang of side bottoms downwards and extended downwards by this panel 21 central bottom.Wherein the structure of panel 21, middle pectoral plate 24 and two coxostermums 22,23 is identical with the structure of the floor unit 1 of embodiment 1, and between its plate, fixture also to adopt in embodiment 1 fixture 3 and edge fixture 4 between plate used, therefore does not repeat them here.
With floor unit 1 difference of embodiment 1 be, in this floor unit 2, its panel 21 is arranged with at least one groove 211 downwards, this groove 211 will be separated into two or more independent sector by Slab element en bloc, therefore the floor unit 2 of this structure also claims horizontal discrete panel, its object infill panel upper fixing element 5 adopt screw cross member corresponding to container to fix in this groove 211.Bottom corners place in this groove 211 is also designed to the arc transition that radius is 1 ~ 5mm.In addition, equally according to the feature of fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite, the base of this groove 211 is extended with two shoulders 2111 and 2112, to strengthen the support to groove 211 outside two.
As shown in Figure 2 B, structure and this groove 211 of plate upper fixing element 5 match, and its cross section is the rectangle of chamfering or determines according to the concrete shape of groove 211, and the design of chamfering 51,52 is the arc transition of corner in fit 211 mainly.Plate upper fixing element 5 is for filling groove 211 and be screwed, and its fixed form is play 1 ~ 2 row's screw in the center of this plate upper fixing element 5 along its width and container bottom cross beam is fixed.This plate upper fixing element 5 can be designed to multistage overlap joint (lap-joint is that screw connects), also can be designed to poker.At overlap joint bonding surface, scribble continuous print fluid sealant or band along floor length direction.
Generally, the number of recesses general control in every floor unit 2 is at 1 ~ 5, and recess width general control is between 30 ~ 150mm.The groove 211 of every floor unit 2 of the present embodiment 2 is 1, and is positioned at the middle part of this floor unit 2.
As shown in Figure 2 C, a complete container floor is spliced into by fixture 3 between 3 plates between 4 floor unit 2, and be connected by edge fixture 4 with between container bottom side beam at the coxostermum in the outside of outermost two floor unit 2, the both wings of edge fixture 4 are for compressing coxostermum and the container bottom side beam (not shown) of its both sides, and the groove 211 in every floor unit 2 plays 1 ~ 2 row's screw after filling with plate upper fixing element 5 and container bottom cross beam is fixed.
Certainly, according to different floor requirements, also be spliced into complete container floor by fixture, plate upper fixing element and edge fixture between plate between floor unit 1 and floor unit 2, concrete connecting method and embodiment 1 and implement 2 similar, therefore do not repeat them here.
embodiment 3]the present embodiment 3 is in embodiment 1 and implements on 2 bases, and the end position coupling of the cavity between adjacent two webs arranges the filling member of length 30 ~ 400mm.
Because floor unit of the present invention is Hollow Slab Structure during many webs support, so easily cause the damage on floor when floor end is subject to multifrequency time fatigue stress, so container floor of the present invention has carried out specially treated to end.If Fig. 3 A, 3B are in conjunction with shown in 3C, container floor end portion treatment mode of the present invention be cavity end between the adjacent web of floor unit 30mm ~ 400mm length range in fill in and fix the filling member 6 of respective shapes, to share the bearing load of each web and panel, strengthen compressive strength and the fatigue performance on floor.
Filling member 6 as shown in Figure 3A, this filling member 6 is entity filling member, its cross section like one fall " convex " font, its two side bottom is provided with circular arc chamfering 61,62, for mating the arc transition between the vertical support of each web and shoulder.Filling member 6 can adopt the material preparations such as plastics, wood materials, metal or composite material.
Shown in Fig. 3 B, filling member 6 also can be designed to hollow filling member, namely the structure be made up of several cavity can be designed to according to the difference of manufacturing process and material properties, the present embodiment hollow used filling member is two cavitys 63,64 structure that employing is extruded or prepared by pultrude process, two cavitys 63,64 symmetrical, and the beeline of cavity 63,64 distance upper surface and both side surface is 3 ~ 8mm.
As shown in Figure 3 C for the filling member 6 of the present embodiment 3 is filled in the end cross-section of container floor, cavity between filling member 6 and adjacent two webs is the close-fitting joggle parts of negative and positive groove, its shape and size by container floor unit adjacent two webs between cavity size determine, can assemble smoothly for ease of filling member, width dimensions between cavity between more adjacent two webs of its width dimensions is little, according to selected material, the complexity of processing technology and the difference of cavity size, cavity width size between general more adjacent two webs of filling member width dimensions does not reduce 0.1 ~ 2mm not etc., but in order to enable filling member 6 abundant pressure-bearing during bearing load effect in container floor, filling member 6 is bigger in the size in thickness (highly) direction, according to the difference of unlike material compression performance, large 0.5 ~ the 2mm of reciprocal of duty cycle size between more adjacent two webs of height dimension of filling member 6.The length of filling member 6 can adjust according to Undercarriage structure and load bearing requirements.Its mounting means, for after floor unit size has been cut, is filled the filling member 6 prepared, and is fixed in its end.
embodiment 4]further, as mentioned above, between plate, fixture 3, edge fixture 4, plate upper fixing element 5 and filling member 6 are by prepared by wood materials, plastics or composite material, and described wood materials comprises the composite plate etc. of real-wood integrated material composite plate, wooden plywood, bamboo wood composite veneer, directional structure board (OSB plate) and wooden/bamboo veneer.In conjunction with container floor of the present invention, the composite plate of the bamboo-wood plyboard or bamboo wood and directional structure board (OSB plate) that work out following structure especially makes fixture 3 between plate, edge fixture 4, plate upper fixing element 5 and filling member 6, is specifically summarized as follows:
As shown in Figure 4, a kind of wooden or bamboo wood composite veneer, be composited by multilayered wood veneer or multilayered wood veneer and multi-layer bamboo veneer, it is the unsymmetric structure plate of 23 layers, wherein 3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21 is Wooden veneer or Bamboo veneer, and 1,2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,23 is Wooden veneer.Wherein 2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22 is double-sided cloth glue, 3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21 and 1,23 not cloth glue.It from the assemble pattern of the 1st layer to 23 layers is: longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate.
As shown in Figure 5, the composite plywood of a kind of directional structure board (OSB plate) and wooden/Bamboo veneer, be the unsymmetric structure plate of 12 layers, wherein 3,5 is directional structure board, 7,9 is Wooden veneer or Bamboo veneer, and 1,2,4,6,8,10,11,12 is Wooden veneer.Wherein 2,4,6,8,11 is double-sided cloth glue, and 11 is facecloth glue, directional structure board 3,5 and Wooden veneer or bamboo veneer 7,9 not cloth glue.It from the assemble pattern of the 1st layer to 12 layers is: longitudinal grin plate-band plate-directional structure board-band plate-directional structure board-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate.
Above composite plywood all by adopting conventional veneer board for container floor board production technology cloth glue assembly, cold pressing, hot pressing, sanding, cutting edge, mortise, the operation such as inspection warehouse-in, do not repeat them here.
embodiment 5]fig. 6 is the integral installation distribution structure schematic diagram on 53 forty equivalent unit 40 floors of the embodiment of the present invention 5.Its composition component used is as embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, as can be seen from the figure, floor unit of the present invention and each fixture are when zones of different is assembled, width over side sills differs, as can be passed through the block number of regulating floor unit on container doorway and goose neck tunnel part, the width of type or fixture meets the installation on floor, wherein the floor unit of container door notch portion near both sides and goose neck tunnel part floor unit used are the floor unit 1 described in embodiment 1, remainder is the floor unit 2 described in embodiment 2, fixture 3 and floor unit 1 between palette, 2 and the chamfering (tenon mouth) that matches of limit upper fixing element 4 and bottom side beams design constant, just adjust its overall width.
In addition, as shown in FIG., described floor unit 1,2 is poker continuous type at length direction, and between described plate, limit upper fixing element 3,4 also can adopt the mode of overlap joint at length direction.In addition, also the floor unit 1 described in embodiment 1 can be adopted according to the floor unit in the whole case of needs of container assembling, due to the poker continuity of this floor unit 1, both decreased floor unit block number and improve installation effectiveness, and made again floor become a continuous print entirety and improve overall performance.
53 traditional forty equivalent unit 40 floors approximately need 1500 screws, and installation procedure is loaded down with trivial details, as plug in pricker location, setting-out and hole, spread nail, fastening etc. all considerably increase workman labour intensity and artificial quantity, production efficiency is low, screw hole destroys again the continuity on floor simultaneously, make it when stressed, easily produce stress concentration phenomenon, greatly reduce the anti-fatigue performance on floor.And approximately only need more than 900 screw relative to the container floor that floor unit of the present invention is applied to 53 feet, and adopt the mode that main bearing container floor unit is separated with each fixture, both the effectively fixing of floor had been met, turn avoid the destruction to main load carrying floor, also improve maintenance efficiency simultaneously and reduce maintenance cost.Prior advantage is that each fixture is as adopted wood materials (containing real-wood integrated material, bamboo-wood plyboard, special veneer, directional structure board and wooden/Bamboo veneer composite plywood etc.) or composite product, be conducive to the Function of nailing restraint of loads in container use procedure, to meet the use habit of container cargo distribution carrier.
Foregoing; be only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not for limiting embodiment of the present invention; those of ordinary skill in the art are according to central scope of the present invention and spirit; can carry out corresponding flexible or amendment very easily, therefore protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain required by claims.
Claims (1)
1. a fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, comprise floor unit that polylith is made up of fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite and for mate floor unit described in splicing fixing adjacent two plate between fixture, it is characterized in that, described floor unit comprises the wing plate that the bottom margin along its both sides extends outward, the described wing plate that between described plate, fixture overlap joint is arranged on adjacent two floor unit is fixedly connected with by the pedestal of screw with the described floor unit of carrying, between described plate prepared by fixture employing wood materials, plastics or composite material.
2. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, between described plate fixture upper surface height a little more than or equal the height of described floor unit upper surface.
3. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described floor unit comprises panel and by the multiple webs extended bottom this panel downwards, described web comprises two coxostermums being positioned at these panel both sides and the middle pectoral plate being positioned at centre, and described coxostermum comprises the vertical support of being extended by this panel two side bottom and the described wing plate outwards extend horizontally away by this vertical support base edge downwards; Between described plate, the structure of fixture and the pleurosternal structure of described floor unit two match, and comprise base portion and are positioned at the both wings of described base portion both sides, described both wings be pressed on its both sides two described on wing plate, the bottom of described base portion is pressed on described pedestal.
4. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described coxostermum also comprises the shoulder that described vertical support base edge extends internally out.
5. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described in every block, between plate, the centre position of fixture is provided with 1 ~ 3 row's screw for its fixing with described pedestal along its width.
6. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described middle pectoral plate includes two shoulders vertically supporting and extend to both sides along this vertical support base edge; The arc transition of 1 ~ 5mm is all formed between described vertical support and described two shoulders; Described in described panel and described middle pectoral plate and two, between coxostermum, all forming radius is the arc transition of 5 ~ 12mm.
7. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the spacing between described adjacent two webs is 30 ~ 100mm.
8. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described panel is arranged with at least one groove downwards, the width of described groove is 30 ~ 150mm, be filled with in described groove match with this groove structure, cross section is the plate upper fixing element of chamfering rectangle.
9. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the centre position of plate upper fixing element described in every block is provided with 1 ~ 2 row's screw for its fixing with described panel along its width.
10. the fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to any one of claim 3 to 9, is characterized in that, the described coxostermum in the outside of floor unit described in outermost two is fixedly connected with by edge fixture with between described pedestal; Structure and the described pleurosternal structure of described edge fixture match, comprise a base portion and be positioned at the double-vane of described base portion both sides, on the described wing plate that the double-vane of described edge fixture is pressed on its both sides respectively and described pedestal, the bottom of described base portion is pressed on described pedestal.
11. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floors according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, end position in cavity between described adjacent two webs all mates and is provided with the filling member that length is 30 ~ 400mm, little 0.1 ~ the 2mm of width dimensions of cavity, the large 0.5 ~ 2mm of cavity height size between more adjacent described two webs of described filling member height dimension between more adjacent described two webs of width dimensions of described filling member.
12. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floors according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, described filling member is entity filling member, its cross section is for falling " convex " font, and its two side bottom is provided with circular arc chamfering for mating the arc transition between the described vertical support of each web and described shoulder.
13. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floors according to claim 11, is characterized in that, described filling member is the hollow core structures be made up of several cavity according to the different designs of manufacturing process and material properties.
14. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floors according to claim 11, is characterized in that, between described plate, the length direction of fixture, plate upper fixing element, edge fixture is splicing or poker; Described plate upper fixing element, edge fixture and filling member are by prepared by wood materials, plastics or composite material, and described wood materials comprises the composite plate of real-wood integrated material composite plate, wooden plywood, bamboo wood composite veneer, directional structure board and wooden/bamboo veneer.
15. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floors according to claim 14, it is characterized in that, described wood materials is wooden plywood or bamboo wood composite veneer, it is the unsymmetric structure plate of 23 layers, wherein 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21 is Wooden veneer or bamboo veneer, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 23 is Wooden veneer, it from the assemble pattern of the 1st layer to 23 layers is: longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate.
16. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floors according to claim 14, it is characterized in that, described wood materials is the composite plywood of directional structure board and wooden/Bamboo veneer, it is the unsymmetric structure plate of 12 layers, wherein 3, 5 is directional structure board, 7, 9 is Wooden veneer or Bamboo veneer, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12 is Wooden veneer, it from the assemble pattern of the 1st layer to 12 layers is: longitudinal grin plate-band plate-directional structure board-band plate-directional structure board-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate.
17. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floors according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite is glass fiber compound material or carbon fibre composite or aramid fiber reinforced composite or natural-fiber composite material.
18. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floors according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the surface spraying of described floor unit has thickness to be polyurethane or the polyurea materials of 0.5-2.0mm.
19. according to claim 14 to the fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor described in 16 any one, it is characterized in that, between described plate, the surface of fixture, plate upper fixing element and edge fixture is all coated with the polyurethane or polyurea materials that thickness is 0.5-2.0mm, or sprays paint or immersion non-woven fabrics overlay film.
20. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floors according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of described assembled floor is 10 ~ 65mm, and global density is 200 kg/m3 ~ 800kg/m
3.
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| CN105757440B (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2019-04-05 | 南通中集翌科新材料开发有限公司 | Bottom board unit |
| CN105757441B (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2018-12-25 | 南通中集翌科新材料开发有限公司 | Base plate member |
| CN104772798B (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2017-12-15 | 北京林业大学 | Pre-stress FRP strengthens bamboo-wood structure integrated timber and its manufacture method |
| CN107758156B (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2023-03-17 | 北京鸿通供应链管理有限公司 | Container floor assembly |
| CN111197395A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2020-05-26 | 浙江晶通塑胶有限公司 | Chamfer plastic floor |
| CN109969533B (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2024-04-30 | 龙南县致富塑料制品有限公司 | Welding-free eye-splice type plastic container connecting and sealing structure |
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| CN102040057A (en) * | 2009-10-10 | 2011-05-04 | 中国国际海运集装箱(集团)股份有限公司 | Container bottom plate and container |
| CN202344632U (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2012-07-25 | 嘉兴中集木业有限公司 | Plywood plate for bottom plate of container |
| CN102616504B (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2013-03-20 | 嘉兴中集木业有限公司 | Container bottom plate and container bottom plate unit made of novel composite material for container bottom plate |
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Address after: 226000, No. 11 Tong Fu Nan Road, Nantong economic and Technological Development Zone, Jiangsu Co-patentee after: CIMC CONTAINERS HOLDING Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: NANTONG CIMC ECO NEW MATERIAL DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. Co-patentee after: CHINA INTERNATIONAL MARINE CONTAINERS (GROUP) Ltd. Address before: 529000 Guangdong Province, Jiangmen City Xinhui Xinhui District Economic Development Zone Public Park Service Center Building Co-patentee before: CIMC CONTAINERS HOLDING Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: GUANGDONG CIMC ECO NEW MATERIAL DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. Co-patentee before: CHINA INTERNATIONAL MARINE CONTAINERS (GROUP) Ltd. |
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