CN102912965A - Fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor - Google Patents
Fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102912965A CN102912965A CN201210443868XA CN201210443868A CN102912965A CN 102912965 A CN102912965 A CN 102912965A CN 201210443868X A CN201210443868X A CN 201210443868XA CN 201210443868 A CN201210443868 A CN 201210443868A CN 102912965 A CN102912965 A CN 102912965A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, comprising a plurality of floor units made from fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composite materials and board fixing pieces which are used for matching and splicing two adjacent floor units and made from other materials, wherein the floor units comprise wing plates extending outwards along the bottom edges of the two sides and the board fixing pieces are arranged on the wing plates of the two adjacent floor units via lap joint and fixedly connected with a base for carrying the floor units through screws. The assembled floor disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of excellent processing intellectualization, good mechanical property, environmental protection, light weight, convenience and rapidness in installation, capability of satisfying use habits and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of assembled floor, relate in particular to a kind of floor unit of being made by fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite and reach by the fixture assembled floor of this floor unit by other material preparation.
Background technology
The floors such as Nowadays, Container shipping, vehicle and steamer mainly contain veneer, integration wood floor and steel floor, and take wooden plywood as main.All there be realistic problem or the obstacle of the following aspects in conventional container, vehicle and steamer floor.
One, environmental issue: be embodied in two aspects: the floors such as the first, existing container, vehicle and steamer are mainly wood floors, as everyone knows, hardwood mainly comes from tropical rain forest, and its large tracts of land disappears further obvious on the impact of environment, and the large contradiction of the scarcity of resource and demand is increasing.The second, producing wood floors needs boiler that the energy is provided, and the VOC discharging of boiler is important pollution sources, and every country is energetically control.
Two, energy-conservation obstacle: in the transportation, the density on the floors such as conventional wooden container, vehicle and steamer is about 800KG/ cube, cause container, vehicle and steamer overall weight to strengthen, no matter be that the transportation of vehicle transport or seagoing vessel all wastes energy, the floor lightweight directions such as container, vehicle and steamer are trends of the times.On the energy consumption, conventional wood floors energy consumption cost is higher.
Three,
Manufacturing process is loaded down with trivial details: the conventional wooden veneer is that the Wooden veneer that do not waited to tens layers by which floor is according to corresponding assembly structure, form through the hot press hot-press gluing, this product need have tens of procedures just can finish, operation is comparatively loaded down with trivial details, production efficiency is low, and human factor is more, is unfavorable for the raising of product stability; The production of steel floor is comparatively simple, but because it is not corrosion-resistant, mutability, high in cost of production problem and progressively be eliminated.
Four, the problem of mounting means:It is fastening or be welded and fixed that the fixed form on the floors such as container, vehicle and steamer is generally self-tapping screw, take the container wood floors as example, 53 forty equivalent unit 40s need about 1500 screw, installation procedure be with equipment or manually with floor covering layers in underframe, then manually plug in pricker location, setting-out and hole, spread nail, a plurality of operations such as fastening, its labour intensity is large, and personnel demand is many, and production efficiency is low.And screw position is after boring, screw hole has destroyed the continuity of fiber, to become the weakest link of whole parts, the floors such as this initial imperfection and container, vehicle and steamer affect highly significant as the environment for use of stress members to the anti-fatigue performance of material, therefore, a key factor increasing of the conventional screw fastening mode maintenance cost that is the later stage.
Five, cheapization of use cost obstacle: what the use cost on the floors such as conventional container, vehicle and steamer was relatively more outstanding is knock-out expense and maintenance cost.Wood floors are each to use rear cleaning charge always higher, is the common recognition in the industry.The main cause that maintenance cost is high is that somewhere floor is destroyed in the case, and the monoblock floor is changed often, and also pinning again punches in repair welding original nail hole again.
Therefore, seek a kind ofly from producing to the novel floor that all increasingly automated, hommizations are installed, and realize again good, target that usage charges are lower of environmental friendliness, resources conservation, lightweight outward appearance, become current urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, the problem and shortage that exists for solving above-mentioned prior art, the floor that a kind of floor unit of being made by fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite is provided and is spliced by the fixture of this floor unit by other material preparation, this floor have that excellent Machining Intelligent, mechanical property are good, environmental protection, lightweight and the convenient performance of installation and satisfy the speciality such as use habit.
For realizing purpose of the present invention, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, comprise that the floor unit that polylith is made by fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite reaches fixture between the plate that is used for the fixing adjacent two described floor unit of coupling splicing, described floor unit comprises the wing plate that extends outward along the bottom margin of its both sides, and fixture overlaps on the described wing plate that is installed in unit, adjacent two floor and by the pedestal of screw with the described floor unit of carrying and is fixedly connected with between described plate.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, it is prepared that fixture adopts wood materials, plastics or composite material between described plate, between described plate the height of fixture upper surface a little more than or equal the height of described floor unit upper surface.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, described floor unit comprises panel and downward extended a plurality of webs bottom this panel, described web comprise two coxostermums that are positioned at these panel both sides and be positioned in the middle of middle pectoral plate, described coxostermum comprises by the extended vertical support downwards of this panel two side bottoms and the described wing plate that outwards extend horizontally away by this vertical support base edge; The structure of fixture and described floor unit two pleurosternal structures are complementary between described plate, comprise base portion and are positioned at the both wings of described base portion both sides, and described both wings are pressed on the two described wing plates of its both sides, and the bottom of described base portion is pressed on the described pedestal.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, described coxostermum also comprises the shoulder that described vertical support base edge extends internally out.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, the centre position of fixture is provided with 1～3 row's screw along its width and is used for itself and the fixing of described pedestal between every block of described plate.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, described middle pectoral plate includes vertical support and extended two shoulders along this vertical support base edge to both sides; All form the arc transition of 1～5mm between described vertical support and described two shoulders; Equal forming radius is the arc transition of 5～12mm between described panel and described middle pectoral plate and the two described coxostermums.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, the spacing between described adjacent two webs is 30～100mm.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, described panel is concaved with at least one groove downwards, and the width of described groove is 30～150mm, be filled with in the described groove be complementary with this groove structure, the cross section is the plate upper fixing element of chamfering rectangle.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, the centre position of every described plate upper fixing element is provided with 1～2 row's screw along its width and is used for itself and the fixing of described panel.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor wherein, is fixedly connected with by limit section fixture between the described coxostermum in the outside of outermost two described floor unit and described pedestal; Structure and the described pleurosternal structure of described limit section fixture are complementary, comprise a base portion and be positioned at the double-vane of described base portion both sides, the double-vane of described limit section fixture is pressed on respectively on the described wing plate and described pedestal of its both sides, and the bottom of described base portion is pressed on the described pedestal.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, end position in the cavity between described adjacent two webs all mates and is provided with the filling member that length is 30～400mm, little 0.1～the 2mm of width dimensions of cavity between more adjacent described two webs of the width dimensions of described filling member, the large 0.5～2mm of cavity height size between more adjacent described two webs of described filling member height dimension.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, described filling member is the entity filling member, and its cross section is for falling " protruding " font, and its two side bottom is provided with circular arc chamfering and is used for the described vertical support of each web of coupling and the arc transition between the described shoulder.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, described filling member is according to the different designs of manufacturing process and the material properties hollow core structures that several cavitys form of serving as reasons.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, the length direction of fixture, plate upper fixing element, limit section fixture is splicing or poker between described plate; Described plate upper fixing element, limit section fixture and filling member are prepared by wood materials, plastics or composite material, and described wood materials comprises the composite plate of real-wood integrated material composite plate, wooden plywood, bamboo wood composite veneer, directional structure board and wooden/bamboo veneer.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, described wood materials is wooden plywood or bamboo wood composite veneer, it is 23 layers unsymmetric structure plate, wherein 3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21 is Wooden veneer or bamboo veneer, 1,2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,23 is Wooden veneer, and its assemble pattern from the 1st layer to 23 layers is: longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, described wood materials is the composite plywood of directional structure board and wooden/bamboo veneer, it is 12 layers unsymmetric structure plate, wherein 3,5 is directional structure board, 7,9 is Wooden veneer or bamboo veneer, 1,2,4,6,8,10,11,12 is Wooden veneer, and its assemble pattern from the 1st layer to 12 layers is: longitudinal grin plate-band plate-directional structure board-band plate-directional structure board-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite is glass fiber compound material or carbon fibre composite or aramid fiber reinforced composite or natural-fiber composite material.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, it is polyurethane, polyurethane (urea) or the polyurea materials of 0.5-2.0mm that the surface spraying of described floor unit has thickness.The surface of fixture, plate upper fixing element and limit section fixture all is coated with polyurethane, polyurethane (urea) or the polyurea materials that thickness is 0.5-2.0mm between described plate, or sprays paint or the immersion non-woven fabrics overlay film.
Described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, wherein, the thickness of described assembled floor is 10～65mm, global density is 200 kg/m3～800kg/m
3
Floor of the present invention has following beneficial effect.
One, environmental protection speciality:A kind of macromolecular material in unsaturated polyester resin, vinylite, epoxy resin, the polyurethane is as matrix material, a kind of fibrous material in glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, other natural fibers is as reinforcing material, major part or replacing whole to flooring materials such as traditional container, vehicle and steamers have been realized, abandoned the tropical rain forest timber take welding as cost, and this assembled floor is real environment-friendly products, the volatilization of VOC free gas.
Two, lightweight:Assembled floor of the present invention is designed to many cancelled structures that many webs support with its component units, particularly improves the modulus of elasticity of product and MOR simultaneously satisfying its every mechanical index, also effectively reduces product weight, has reduced raw-material consumption.And according to the difference of floor function, Thickness Design is from 10mm to 65mm, and hollow density has the reduction of 20-60% from 200 kg/m3 to 800kg/m3 than the weight on conventional wooden floor.
Three, high comprehensive performance:Every mechanical properties such as the flexural strength of this assembled floor, modulus of elasticity, impact strength, hot strength are all far above conventional wood floors; and the application life of fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite (FRP) is generally all about 20 years; and the innovation mode that floor unit of the present invention combines with fixture; purpose is effectively to protect the integrality on FRP floor; at fixture impaired or reach application life after also be convenient to change, effectively reduce the expense of bringing because changing Integral floor.This assembled floor also has the excellent performance such as anticorrosion, wear-resisting, anti-skidding and moistureproof in addition.
Four, quick for installation:Assembled floor of the present invention only needs several piece poker long floor unit and fixture can finish installation, and installation effectiveness improves more than 30%, and simultaneously this assembled floor poker design has in the longitudinal direction guaranteed its bulk strength more.This assembled floor screw (screw) use amount only be conventional wood floors 60% in addition still less, can significantly reduce operating personnel and the time of screw punching pinning, save a large amount of screw material costs and labour cost, screw number significantly reduces and also reduced the stress concentration phenomenon that screw hole produces between the floor simultaneously.
Five, reusable and recyclable characteristic:Assembled floor of the present invention is owing to having long application life and special mounting means, impaired or when scrapping at miscellaneous parts such as casing or car bodies, this assembled floor only need be equipped with required fixture again and just can realize reusing, the saving of realization resource and recycling; After this assembled floor is finished and used life cycle simultaneously, can recycle, form the industry circulation mode of " Cradle to Cradle ".
Six, cost of use is low:The bright spot of giving prominence to is that cleaning is simple and maintenance is convenient---the surfacing of this assembled floor has extremely strong self-cleaning anti-pollution and dyes effect, and the cleaning decontamination is convenient, and directly the water flushing gets final product.
Seven, satisfy use habit:The used fixture of the present invention adopts wood materials (containing real-wood integrated material, bamboo-wood plyboard, special veneer, directional structure board etc.) or composite element, the Function that is conducive to nailing restraint of loads in the use procedures such as container, vehicle and steamer is to meet the general use habit of logistics transportation industry.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in further detail.
Figure 1A is the floor board unit structure schematic diagram of assembled floor embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Figure 1B is the structural representation of fixture between the plate that is used for the assembled floor shown in splicing Figure 1A.
Fig. 1 C is the structural representation for the limit section fixture that splices the assembled floor shown in Figure 1A.
Fig. 1 D is the floor unit shown in Figure 1A is spliced into assembled floor by the described edges of boards fixture of fixture and Fig. 1 C between the described plate of Figure 1B schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 A is the floor board unit structure schematic diagram of assembled floor embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 B is the structural representation that is used for the plate upper fixing element of the floor unit shown in the blank map 2A.
Fig. 2 C is the floor unit shown in Fig. 2 A is spliced into assembled floor by the plate upper fixing element shown in the edges of boards fixture shown in fixture, Fig. 1 C and Fig. 2 B between the described plate of Figure 1B schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 A is the end entity filling member structural representation of assembled floor embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 B is the end hollow core structures filling member structural representation of assembled floor embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 C is the filling schematic diagram of the end filling member shown in Fig. 3 A in assembled floor.
Fig. 4 is the assembly structural representation of fixture between the plate shown in Figure 1B, 1C, 2B, 3A, the 3B, limit section fixture, plate upper fixing element and end filling member material therefor.
Fig. 5 is the another kind of assembly structural representation of fixture between the plate shown in Figure 1B, 1C, 2B, 3A, the 3B, limit section fixture, plate upper fixing element and end filling member material therefor.
Figure 6 shows that the whole assembling of assembled floor of the present invention schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is given further elaboration.
Fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor of the present invention (hereinafter to be referred as assembled floor) can be used in the floors such as container, vehicle and steamer, and following examples are only to be used in container floor as example, and the present invention will be further described.Because the floor unit when being used in the floor such as vehicle and steamer and the erection method of fixture all can be decided according to the concrete structure of the mounting base (underframe or base plate) of vehicle and steamer etc., therefore do not repeat them here.
Chassis of container comprise two parallel and vertical settings bottom side beams, (orientation of this paper is described all corresponding with the orientation description of container to be horizontally set at some cross members between two described bottom side beams, namely " side " is the orientation parallel with the bottom side beams length direction of container, and " end " is the orientation parallel with the length direction of container end crossbeam).It is on the chassis of container that floor unit of the present invention is layed in pedestal, and it adopts fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite to be prepared from through pultrusion molding process, the many cancelled structures that are comprised of surfacing, panel and a plurality of support webs.Its basic principle is the speciality according to fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite high strength, low modulus, it is designed to many cancelled structures, not only can effectively reduce the hollow density of base plate, reduce simultaneously material cost, and can improve flexural strength and the modulus of elasticity on floor.Its moulding process has the advantages such as excellent continuity, operability, one-shot forming.
Fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite of the present invention, fortifying fibre wherein is one or more fibrous materials in glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, other natural fibers, and polymer matrix material wherein is one or more macromolecular materials in unsaturated polyester resin, vinylite, epoxy resin, the polyurethane.The surfacing of floor unit of the present invention is polyurethane, polyurethane (urea) or polyureas, adopt the solvent-free spraying technology spraying of high pressure to form, coating thickness is 0.5-2.0mm, the function of wear-resisting to realize, anti-skidding, shock resistance, antipollution, protection against the tide, acid and alkali-resistance.
Assembled floor of the present invention forms by the polylith floor unit and by the multiple-unit members such as fixture, plate upper fixing element, limit section fixture and filling member between the plate of other material preparation.Wherein, fixture, plate upper fixing element, limit section fixture are the fixing assembly buckle of using by the preparation of the materials such as wood materials, plastics or composite material admittedly between plate, be used for fixing adjacent floor unit, its principle is by the powerful nail-holding ability of fixture to screw floor unit to be compressed and is connected on the cross member of chassis of container, makes each floor unit and chassis of container (pedestal) connect into an integral body.Filling member is by the preparation of the materials such as plastics, wood materials or composite material, is used for the support of floor unit end portion cavity position, to strengthen compressive strength and the fatigue performance on floor.
Fixture between plate, plate upper fixing element, limit section fixture are all the same with floor unit, adopt the solvent-free spraying technology of high pressure all to be coated with polyurethane, polyurethane (urea) or polyurea materials on the surface, or spray paint or the immersion non-woven fabrics overlay film, coating thickness is 0.5-2.0mm, the function of wear-resisting to realize, anti-skidding, shock resistance, antipollution, protection against the tide, acid and alkali-resistance.
Assembled floor thickness of the present invention is 10～65mm, and global density is 200 kg/m3～800kg/m
3
Following examples will be described further assembled floor of the present invention.
Embodiment 1]Shown in Fig. 1 D, the container assembled floor (hereinafter to be referred as container floor) of the embodiment of the invention 1 is by being spliced by fixture between plate 3 and limit section fixture 4 between the polylith floor unit 1.
Wherein, shown in 1A, floor unit 1 employing glass fiber compound material or carbon fibre composite or aramid fiber reinforced composite or natural-fiber composite material are made.It structurally comprises panel 11 and by downward extended two coxostermums 12 and 13 and by the downward extended a plurality of middle pectoral plates 14 of these panel 11 central bottom of 11 liang of side bottoms of this panel.Wherein, middle pectoral plate 14 includes vertical support 141 and vertically supports two shoulders 142 that 141 two bottom sides are extended by this, 143, make the cross section of middle pectoral plate 14 roughly be inverted T shape, in addition, strengthen the characteristic of polymer matrix composite according to used dimension, vertically support 141 and shoulder 142, equal forming radius is the arc transition of 1～5mm between 143, and and all to adopt radius between the panel 11 be the orthodrome transition of 5～12mm, to reduce the container floor unit in the stress concentration phenomenon of shape saltation zone, and for realizing the effective communication of load, make panel 11 suffered load be delivered to uniformly vertical support 141 and the shoulder 142 of each web, on 143, support panel 11 to greatest extent.
And coxostermum 12 comprises that by the extended vertical support 121 downwards of 11 liang of side bottoms of panel, by being somebody's turn to do vertically support 121 shoulders that extend internally out 123 in these vertical support 121 wing plates that outwards extend horizontally away 122 and edge, coxostermum 13 comprises by the downward extended vertical support 131 of 11 liang of side bottoms of panel, by these vertical support 131 wing plates that outwards extend horizontally away 132 and along being somebody's turn to do vertical support 131 shoulders that extend internally out 133.Similar with middle pectoral plate 14, vertically support 121 and shoulder 122 and shoulder 123 between, vertically support 131 and shoulder 132 and shoulder 133 between all forming radius be the arc transition of 1～5mm.The floor unit 1 of this kind structure is because its middle pectoral plate evenly distributes and the two ends of center line are symmetrical structure, and also image claims horizontal continuous type panel.
Shown in 1B, fixture 3 is made by wood materials, plastics or composite material between plate.And described wood materials comprises the composite plate of real-wood integrated material composite plate, wooden plywood, bamboo wood composite veneer, directional structure board (OSB plate) and wooden/bamboo veneer etc.The coxostermum shown in fixture 3 structure on two sides and Figure 1A is complementary between plate, make fixture 3 between entire plate roughly be T-shape with double-vane, specifically comprise a base portion 31 and be positioned at the double-vane 32 of base portion both sides, 33, double- vane 32,33 are used for the two pleurosternal two adjacent wing plates 122 and 132 of the unit, adjacent two floor of its both sides of compression, and the bottom of base portion 31 is pressed on the corresponding cross member (not shown) of container, both wings 32,33 both sides bottom comer all is formed with chamfering 321 and 331, chamfering 321, between 331 angle and vertical support 121 and the shoulder 122, or vertically support 131 and shoulder 132 between radius be the transition arc of the 1～5mm correspondence that is complementary.
Shown in 1C, limit section fixture 4 used materials and structure all and between plate fixture 3 similar.It is made by wood materials, plastics or composite material.And described wood materials comprises that described wood materials comprises the composite plate of real-wood integrated material composite plate, wooden plywood, bamboo wood composite veneer, directional structure board (OSB plate) and wooden/bamboo veneer etc.Coxostermum and container bottom side beam shown in limit section fixture 4 structure on two sides and Figure 1A are complementary, the T-shape spare that monoblock limit section fixture 4 roughly is with double-vane, specifically comprise a base portion 41 and be positioned at the double-vane 42 of base portion both sides, 43, double- vane 42,43 are used for compressing the pleurosternal wing plate 122(of floor unit or 132 of its both sides) and container bottom side beam, and the bottom of base portion 41 is pressed on the container ground frame, double- vane 42,43 both sides bottom comer all is formed with chamfering 421,431, chamfering 421, between 431 angle and vertical support 121 and the shoulder 122, or vertically support 131 and shoulder 132 between radius be the transition arc of 1～5mm, and be complementary corresponding with container bottom side beam.
According to the difference of used field, floor or type, the width of above each floor unit 1 is different, and the number of its middle pectoral plate is 3～15 and do not wait, and simultaneously, according to the difference of its load bearing requirements, the spacing between adjacent two webs is 30 to 100mm not wait.
Fig. 1 D is fixture 3 and the assembly unit schematic diagram of limit section fixture 4 on chassis of container between the floor unit 1 of the embodiment of the invention 1 and plate.Shown in Fig. 1 D, be spliced into a complete container floor by fixture 3 between 6 plates between the 7 floor unit 1, and be connected by limit section fixture 4 between the coxostermum in the outside of unit, outermost two floor 1 and container bottom side beam (not shown), the double-vane of limit section fixture 4 is used for compressing coxostermum and the container bottom side beam (not shown) that is positioned at its both sides.
Concrete connecting method is, at first with 7 floor unit, 1 lay on chassis of container, again fixture 3 between 6 plates is placed on corresponding position and regulates and make its compact floor unit 1 that compresses, then again between 6 plates fixture 3 play screws and fix.The length of the total length of fixture 3 and adjacent at least one floor unit 1 is identical or determine according to the length of casing underframe between plate, and fixture 3 can overlap between the plate of length direction, also can poker.At the overlap joint bonding surface, scribble continuous fluid sealant or band along the floor length direction.
The floor unit 1 of the present embodiment 1 is that 1～3 row's screw is played and container bottom cross beam is fixed along its width in the center of fixture 3 between every block of plate in specifically fixing with the installation of chassis of container.
Embodiment 2]Shown in Fig. 2 C, the container floor of the embodiment of the invention 2 is by being spliced by fixture between plate 3 and limit section fixture 4 between the polylith floor unit 2.
Shown in Fig. 2 A, identical with the floor unit 1 of embodiment 1 is, floor unit 2 is same to adopt glass fiber compound materials or carbon fibre composite or aramid fiber reinforced composite or natural-fiber composite material to make.It structurally comprises panel 21, by downward extended two coxostermums 22 and 23 and by the downward extended a plurality of middle pectoral plates 24 of these panel 21 central bottom of 21 liang of side bottoms of this panel.Wherein the structure of the floor unit 1 of panel 21, middle pectoral plate 24 and two coxostermums 22,23 structure and embodiment 1 is identical, with and plate between fixture also adopt among the embodiment 1 fixture 3 and limit section fixture 4 between used plate, therefore do not repeat them here.
With floor unit 1 difference of embodiment 1 be, in this floor unit 2, its panel 21 is concaved with at least one groove 211 downwards, this groove 211 becomes two or more independent sectors with the unit separation of monoblock floor, therefore the floor unit 2 of this structure also claims horizontal discontinuous profile plate, its purpose infill panel upper fixing element 5 and adopt screw cross member corresponding to container fixed in this groove 211.Bottom corners place in this groove 211 also is designed to the arc transition that radius is 1～5mm.In addition, according to the characteristics of fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite, the base of this groove 211 is extended with two shoulders 2111 and 2112 to two outsides equally, to strengthen the support to groove 211.
Shown in Fig. 2 B, the structure of plate upper fixing element 5 and this groove 211 are complementary, and its cross section is the rectangle of chamfering or determines according to the concrete shape of groove 211, and chamfering 51,52 design mainly are the arc transition of fit 211 interior corners.Plate upper fixing element 5 is used for filling groove 211 and is screwed, and its fixed form is for playing 1～2 row's screw and container bottom cross beam is fixed in the center of this plate upper fixing element 5 along its width.This plate upper fixing element 5 can be designed to multistage overlap joint (lap-joint is that screw connects), also can be designed to poker.At the overlap joint bonding surface, scribble continuous fluid sealant or band along the floor length direction.
Generally speaking, the groove quantity general control in every floor unit 2 is at 1～5, and the recess width general control is between 30～150mm.The groove 211 of every floor unit 2 of the present embodiment 2 is 1, and is positioned at the middle part of this floor unit 2.
Shown in Fig. 2 C, be spliced into a complete container floor by fixture 3 between 3 plates between the 4 floor unit 2, and between the coxostermum in the outside of unit, outermost two floor 2 and container bottom side beam, be connected by limit section fixture 4, the both wings of limit section fixture 4 be used for to compress coxostermum and the container bottom side beam (not shown) of its both sides, and groove 211 usefulness the plate upper fixing elements 5 in every floor unit 2 are filled and made a call to 1～2 and arrange screw and container bottom cross beam is fixed afterwards.
Certainly, according to different floor requirements, also can be spliced into complete container floor by fixture, plate upper fixing element and limit section fixture between plate between floor unit 1 and the floor unit 2, concrete connecting method and embodiment 1 and enforcement 2 are similar, therefore do not repeat them here.
Embodiment 3]The present embodiment 3 is that the end position coupling of the cavity between adjacent two webs arranges the filling member of length 30～400mm on embodiment 1 and enforcement 2 bases.
Because floor unit of the present invention is the middle Hollow Slab Structure that many webs support, thus when being subject to the inferior fatigue stress of multifrequency, floor end easily causes the damage on floor, so container floor of the present invention has carried out specially treated to the end.Such as Fig. 3 A, 3B in conjunction with shown in the 3C, fill in the 30mm of the cavity end between the adjacent web that container floor end portion treatment mode of the present invention is floor unit～400mm length range and the fixing upward filling member 6 of respective shapes, to share the bearing load of each web and panel, strengthen compressive strength and the fatigue performance on floor.
Filling member 6 as shown in Figure 3A, this filling member 6 is the entity filling member, and " protruding " font is fallen like one in its cross section, and its two side bottom is provided with circular arc chamfering 61,62, is used for the vertical support of each web of coupling and the arc transition between the shoulder.Filling member 6 can adopt the material preparations such as plastics, wood materials, metal or composite material.
Shown in Fig. 3 B, filling member 6 also can be designed to the hollow filling member, namely it can be designed to the structure that formed by several cavitys according to manufacturing process and material properties different, the used hollow filling member of the present embodiment is two cavitys 63,64 structures that employing is extruded or pultrude process prepares, two cavitys 63,64 bilateral symmetry, and cavity 63,64 beelines apart from upper surface and both side surface are 3～8mm.
The filling member 6 that is depicted as the present embodiment 3 such as Fig. 3 C is filled in the end cross-section of container floor, cavity between filling member 6 and adjacent two webs is the close-fitting joggle parts of negative and positive groove, its shape and size are determined by the cavity size between adjacent two webs of container floor unit, can assemble smoothly for ease of filling member, width dimensions between the cavity between more adjacent two webs of its width dimensions is little, according to selected material, the complexity of processing technology and cavity size different, cavity width size between general more adjacent two webs of filling member width dimensions is dwindled 0.1～2mm and is not waited, but make abundant pressure-bearing of time spent in order to make filling member 6 bearing load in container floor, filling member 6 is bigger in the size of thickness (highly) direction, according to the difference of unlike material compression performance, the large 0.5～2mm of reciprocal of duty cycle size between more adjacent two webs of the height dimension of filling member 6.The length of filling member 6 can be adjusted according to Undercarriage structure and load bearing requirements.Its mounting means is filled the filling member 6 for preparing, and is fixed for after finishing in the cutting of floor unit size in its end.
Embodiment 4]Further, as mentioned above, fixture 3, limit section fixture 4, plate upper fixing element 5 and filling member 6 are prepared by wood materials, plastics or composite material between plate, and described wood materials comprises the composite plate of real-wood integrated material composite plate, wooden plywood, bamboo wood composite veneer, directional structure board (OSB plate) and wooden/bamboo veneer etc.In conjunction with container floor of the present invention, work out especially the bamboo-wood plyboard of following structure or the composite plate of bamboo wood and directional structure board (OSB plate) and make fixture 3, limit section fixture 4, plate upper fixing element 5 and filling member 6 between plate, specifically be summarized as follows:
As shown in Figure 4, a kind of wooden or bamboo wood composite veneer, be composited by multilayered wood veneer or multilayered wood veneer and multi-layer bamboo veneer, it is 23 layers unsymmetric structure plate, wherein 3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21 is Wooden veneer or bamboo veneer, and 1,2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,23 is Wooden veneer.Wherein 2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22 is double-sided cloth glue, 3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21 and 1,23 cloth glue not.Its assemble pattern from the 1st layer to 23 layers is: longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate.
As shown in Figure 5, the composite plywood of a kind of directional structure board (OSB plate) and wooden/bamboo veneer is 12 layers unsymmetric structure plate, and wherein 3,5 is directional structure board, 7,9 is Wooden veneer or bamboo veneer, and 1,2,4,6,8,10,11,12 is Wooden veneer.Wherein 2,4,6,8,11 is double-sided cloth glue, and 11 is facecloth glue, directional structure board 3,5 and Wooden veneer or bamboo veneer 7,9 cloth glue not.Its assemble pattern from the 1st layer to 12 layers is: longitudinal grin plate-band plate-directional structure board-band plate-directional structure board-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate.
Above composite plywood all by adopt conventional veneer board for container floor board production technology cloth glue assembly, cold pressing, the operations such as hot pressing, sanding, cutting edge, mortise, check warehouse-in, do not repeat them here.
Embodiment 5]Fig. 6 is the integral installation distribution structure schematic diagram on 53 forty equivalent unit 40 floors of the embodiment of the invention 5.Its used composition member such as embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, as can be seen from the figure, floor unit of the present invention and each fixture are when zones of different is assembled, width over side sills differs, as can be by the piece number of regulating floor unit in container doorway and goose neck tunnel part, the width of type or fixture satisfies the installation on floor, wherein the container door notch portion is embodiment 1 described floor unit 1 near floor unit and the used floor unit of goose neck tunnel part on both sides, remainder is the floor unit 2 described in the embodiment 2, fixture 3 and floor unit 1 between palette, 2 and limit upper fixing element 4 constant with chamfering (tenon mouth) design that bottom side beams is complementary, just adjust its integral width and get final product.
In addition, as shown in FIG., described floor unit 1,2 is poker continuous type at length direction, between described plate, limit upper fixing element 3,4 also can adopt the mode of overlap joint at length direction.In addition, also can adopt embodiment 1 described floor unit 1 according to the floor unit in the whole case of needs of container assembling, because the poker continuity of this floor unit 1, both reduce floor unit piece number and improved installation effectiveness, improved overall performance so that the floor becomes a continuous integral body again.
53 traditional forty equivalent unit 40 floors approximately need 1500 screws, and installation procedure is loaded down with trivial details, as plugging in pricker location, setting-out and holing, spread nail, workman's labour intensity and the artificial quantity of all greatly having increased such as fastening, production efficiency is low, screw hole has destroyed again the continuity on floor simultaneously, make it when stressed, easily produce the stress concentration phenomenon, greatly reduce the anti-fatigue performance on floor.Approximately only need more than 900 screw and be applied to one 53 feet container floor with respect to floor unit of the present invention, and the mode that adopts main bearing container floor unit and each fixture to separate, both satisfied the effectively fixing of floor, avoided again the destruction to main load carrying floor, also improved maintenance efficiency simultaneously and reduced maintenance cost.Prior advantage is that each fixture is as adopting wood materials (containing real-wood integrated material, bamboo-wood plyboard, special veneer, directional structure board and wooden/bamboo veneer composite plywood etc.) or composite product, the Function that is conducive to nailing restraint of loads in the container use procedure is to meet the use habit of container cargo distribution carrier.
Foregoing; it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; be not for restriction embodiment of the present invention; those of ordinary skills are according to main design of the present invention and spirit; can carry out very easily corresponding flexible or modification, therefore protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the desired protection domain of claims.
Claims (20)
1. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor, comprise that the floor unit that polylith is made by fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite reaches fixture between the plate that is used for the fixing adjacent two described floor unit of coupling splicing, it is characterized in that, described floor unit comprises the wing plate that extends outward along the bottom margin of its both sides, and fixture overlaps on the described wing plate that is installed in unit, adjacent two floor and by the pedestal of screw with the described floor unit of carrying and is fixedly connected with between described plate.
2. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is prepared that fixture adopts wood materials, plastics or composite material between described plate, between described plate the height of fixture upper surface a little more than or equal the height of described floor unit upper surface.
3. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described floor unit comprises panel and downward extended a plurality of webs bottom this panel, described web comprise two coxostermums that are positioned at these panel both sides and be positioned in the middle of middle pectoral plate, described coxostermum comprises by the extended vertical support downwards of this panel two side bottoms and the described wing plate that outwards extend horizontally away by this vertical support base edge; The structure of fixture and described floor unit two pleurosternal structures are complementary between described plate, comprise base portion and are positioned at the both wings of described base portion both sides, and described both wings are pressed on the two described wing plates of its both sides, and the bottom of described base portion is pressed on the described pedestal.
4. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described coxostermum also comprises the shoulder that described vertical support base edge extends internally out.
5. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the centre position of fixture is provided with 1～3 row's screw along its width and is used for itself and the fixing of described pedestal between every block of described plate.
6. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described middle pectoral plate includes vertical support and extended two shoulders along this vertical support base edge to both sides; All form the arc transition of 1～5mm between described vertical support and described two shoulders; Equal forming radius is the arc transition of 5～12mm between described panel and described middle pectoral plate and the two described coxostermums.
7. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the spacing between described adjacent two webs is 30～100mm.
8. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described panel is concaved with at least one groove downwards, the width of described groove is 30～150mm, be filled with in the described groove be complementary with this groove structure, the cross section is the plate upper fixing element of chamfering rectangle.
9. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the centre position of every described plate upper fixing element is provided with 1～2 row's screw along its width and is used for itself and the fixing of described panel.
10. according to claim 3 to 9 each described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floors, it is characterized in that, between the described coxostermum in the outside of outermost two described floor unit and described pedestal, be fixedly connected with by limit section fixture; Structure and the described pleurosternal structure of described limit section fixture are complementary, comprise a base portion and be positioned at the double-vane of described base portion both sides, the double-vane of described limit section fixture is pressed on respectively on the described wing plate and described pedestal of its both sides, and the bottom of described base portion is pressed on the described pedestal.
11. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, end position in the cavity between described adjacent two webs all mates and is provided with the filling member that length is 30～400mm, little 0.1～the 2mm of width dimensions of cavity between more adjacent described two webs of the width dimensions of described filling member, the large 0.5～2mm of cavity height size between more adjacent described two webs of described filling member height dimension.
12. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, described filling member is the entity filling member, its cross section is for falling " protruding " font, and its two side bottom is provided with circular arc chamfering and is used for the described vertical support of each web of coupling and the arc transition between the described shoulder.
13. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 11 is characterized in that, described filling member is according to the different designs of manufacturing process and the material properties hollow core structures that several cavitys form of serving as reasons.
14. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 11 is characterized in that, the length direction of fixture, plate upper fixing element, limit section fixture is splicing or poker between described plate; Described plate upper fixing element, limit section fixture and filling member are prepared by wood materials, plastics or composite material, and described wood materials comprises the composite plate of real-wood integrated material composite plate, wooden plywood, bamboo wood composite veneer, directional structure board and wooden/bamboo veneer.
15. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 14, it is characterized in that, described wood materials is wooden plywood or bamboo wood composite veneer, it is 23 layers unsymmetric structure plate, wherein 3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21 is Wooden veneer or bamboo veneer, 1,2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,23 is Wooden veneer, and its assemble pattern from the 1st layer to 23 layers is: longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate.
16. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 14, it is characterized in that, described wood materials is the composite plywood of directional structure board and wooden/bamboo veneer, it is 12 layers unsymmetric structure plate, wherein 3,5 is directional structure board, 7,9 is Wooden veneer or bamboo veneer, 1,2,4,6,8,10,11,12 is Wooden veneer, and its assemble pattern from the 1st layer to 12 layers is: longitudinal grin plate-band plate-directional structure board-band plate-directional structure board-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate-band plate-band plate-longitudinal grin plate-longitudinal grin plate.
17. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite is glass fiber compound material or carbon fibre composite or aramid fiber reinforced composite or natural-fiber composite material.
18. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, it is polyurethane, polyurethane (urea) or the polyurea materials of 0.5-2.0mm that the surface spraying of described floor unit has thickness.
19. according to claim 14 to 16 each described fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floors, it is characterized in that, the surface of fixture, plate upper fixing element and limit section fixture all is coated with polyurethane, polyurethane (urea) or the polyurea materials that thickness is 0.5-2.0mm between described plate, or sprays paint or the immersion non-woven fabrics overlay film.
20. fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite assembled floor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the thickness of described assembled floor is 10～65mm, and global density is 200 kg/m3～800kg/m
3
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