CN102907218A

CN102907218A - Disposing method used during rape reaping

Info

Publication number: CN102907218A
Application number: CN 201210435123
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杜宏彬
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-11-02
Filing date: 2012-11-02
Publication date: 2013-02-06

Abstract

The invention discloses a disposing method used during rape reaping, and solves the problem that at present after the rape is reaped, siliques and grains are not fully grown, however, if the siliques and the grains are not reaped till fully-grown, the loss is even greater. The method is characterized in that after the rape is reaped, the plant is vertically placed in the an outdoor frame with the whole plant facing upward and the stem cut facing downward, and watered twice each day of the days with fine weather, so that an excellent photosynthesis environment is established for the rape to accelerate the full-growing of the grains. By utilizing the method, the siliques are fully grown, the yield of the rape grains can be increased by 21% to 31%; the oil extraction rate of the rape grains is increased by 3% to 5%; and the economic benefit is remarkable.

Description

A kind of method of disposal during the rape harvesting

Technical field

After the present invention relates to the nearly ripe harvesting of rape, to a kind of processing method of rapeseed plants and angle fruit, especially a kind of rapeseed plants that makes is upright, promotes that the angle fruit is ripe, increases the method for output.

Background technology

Rape is a kind of oil plants, and is unique oil crop in winter, and the production of development rape has many-sided meaning.

Rape is Cruciferae, Brassicas, annual herb.Rape is divided into three types, i.e. turnip type rape, mustard type rape and cabbage type rape.Extensively distribute all over the world.

After rape was spent eventually, ovary increasing formed the angle fruit, and blade tapers off, and the photosynthesis organ is replaced by the angle fruit.According to Hangzhou seed master station (2010-04-28), the nutriment that angle pericarp photosynthesis provides accounts for 40% of seed.

Rapeseed plants angle fruit maturation is first main sequence posterior division; Main sequence angle fruit, bottom are ripe first, the top after ripening; Angle fruit maturation on each branch is similar with main sequence also.If but with whole plant, then be the top branch first maturation of blooming first, the after ripening of blooming behind the branch of bottom, the time that differs is very large.It serves to show uneven characteristic of siliqua of oilseed rape maturing stage, give harvest time of rape and brought difficulty.Therefore, correctly be very important the harvest time of definite rape.

Can gather in the crops when siliqua of oilseed rape has a small part flavescence usually.By the time half or angle over half fruit, during the pericarp flavescence of its angle, day after the fair.Also some places, totally 10 of angle, the middle part fruits of then winning main shaft middle part and upper middle part primary branch, seed is observed in strip off, if the brown grain, half brown half erythropterin respectively accounts for half, is the harvest time that suits.

After the rape results, plant is droped to the ground, and pile a rickle one rickle (participation Fig. 1).Or indoor larger stacking, the promotion maturation of carrying out.Through stacking 4～6 days, can select sunny weather approximately, promptly ted, grind beat, threshing, raise clean, drying.

Determining of above-mentioned rape harvesting time, in fact angle fruit and seed full maturity not; If but by the time during full maturity, give harvesting, then loss can be larger again.How solving this to contradiction, is that this patent wants to find the solution the problem of determining.

Summary of the invention

The technical assignment of the technical problem to be solved in the present invention and proposition is after the rape harvesting, according to the not yet full ripe characteristics of angle fruit, a kind of method of disposal when the rape harvesting is provided, its stem is uprightly put, in conjunction with watering, for rapeseed plants is created suitable photosynthesis environment, to promote angle fruit after-ripening, improve output and the quality of rape seed.

For this reason, a kind of method of disposal during rape harvesting of the present invention is after rape gathers in, its plant uprightly to be put outdoor, with the photosynthesis function of performance angle fruit.

As the optimization technique means, plant be placed in the outdoor framework mutually be close to, make whole plant up, the stem edge of a knife down and kiss the earth soil; Concrete, described framework is erected in the rape ground, 1 meter of width; Timber, 5 meters at timber interval are inserted in the framework both sides; Each limit timber is pricked two road galvanized wires or rope or bamboo pole.Rapeseed plants was uprightly put 4～6 days, watered immediately, water and irrigate, in case of fine, water every day 2 times during this period, watered continuously 3 days, such as the rainy day, do not water.By the time when the whole flavescence of siliqua of oilseed rape are ripe, select fine, ted, grind beat, threshing and drying.

Method of disposal when patented method of the present invention and the harvesting of rape traditionally has difference in essence:

1. traditionally after the rape harvesting, plant in indoor stacking, or is put in rape ground a rickle one rickle.Namely the harvested plant of rape is that accumbency is stacked traditionally.And this patent method then is that the rapeseed plants vertical pendulum is put in the framework in the outdoor ground;

2. the harvested plant of rape is stacked traditionally, and the environment of illumination is relatively poor, and plant can not or can not be exercised the photosynthesis function substantially.And this patent method then makes rapeseed plants be in fully under the photoenvironment, and plant still can be proceeded photosynthesis to a certain degree;

3. traditionally to the harvested plant of rape, do not water.And patented method of the present invention then needs to water such as fine day.Moisture is that photosynthesis of plant is indispensable, particularly after the rape harvesting, becomes a fine day continuously in the arid;

Patented method of the present invention, its advantage is:

1. can make the harvested plant of rape proceed normal photosynthesis function, angle fruit maturity is good, and rape seed output can increase by 22～31%;

2. few, the black seed of yellow seed is many, and the vegetable seed oil yield can improve 3～5 percentage points;

3. can reduce the rape seed loss, especially few cracking, few rotting.

Why patented method of the present invention can make rape yield increasing, better economic benefit, this be because: in the growth of rape later stage, without greenery or greenery are seldom arranged, its photosynthesis function is entirely by the chlorophyll in the fruit epidermis of angle.Adding that rape is indefinite inflorescence, with regard to each inflorescence, is that the lower angle fruit is ripe first, the after ripening of upper corners fruit, successively relevant about 30d; With regard to whole plant,, then be the top branch first result of blooming first, the rear result of blooming behind the branch of bottom successively differs and reaches about 40d.It serves to show the uneven of siliqua of oilseed rape maturing stage.Even traditional method to the harvest season, still has many angles really to be dark green state, and this shows also fully unripe, and plant can also carry out normal photosynthesis function.Therefore, after the rape harvesting, how to make its plant continue to carry out photosynthesis, promote that most of angle fruit is aging, just become an important problem.And after the rape harvesting, its plant is uprightly put, and just in time can satisfy above-mentioned condition, because upright plant is compared with the accumbency plant, it is subjected to optical condition good, leaf area (angle fruit epidermis area) coefficient is high, thereby can promote that rape yield increasing increases income.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1: the plant accumbency is deposited in schematic diagram on the ground after the rape harvesting;

Fig. 2: the plant vertical pendulum is placed on the schematic diagram in the framework after the rape harvesting;

Number in the figure explanation: the rapeseed plants that the 1-accumbency is stacked; The rapeseed plants that 2-uprightly puts; The 3-framework; The 4-timber.

Embodiment

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with Figure of description.

A kind of method of disposal during rape harvesting of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, it is after the rape harvesting, and its plant is uprightly put outdoor, with the photosynthesis function of performance angle fruit.

Concrete: plant be placed in the outdoor framework mutually be close to, make whole plant up, the stem edge of a knife down and kiss the earth soil; Framework is erected in the rape ground, 1 meter of width; Timber, 5 meters at timber interval are inserted in the framework both sides; Each limit timber is pricked two road galvanized wires or rope or bamboo pole.Rapeseed plants was uprightly put 4～6 days, watered immediately, water and irrigate, in case of fine, water every day 2 times during this period, watered continuously 3 days, such as the rainy day, do not water.By the time when the whole flavescence of siliqua of oilseed rape are ripe, select fine, ted, grind beat, threshing and drying.

Growth of rape latter half, substantially without leaf or leaf is seldom arranged, plant photosynthesis function is entirely by the chlorophyll in the fruit epidermis of angle.The siliqua of oilseed rape maturing stage is very inconsistent.An inflorescence, the lower angle fruit is ripe first, the after ripening of upper corners fruit.And same plant, the branch first result of blooming first in top is yielded positive results behind the branch of bottom.Front and back differ and reach 30～40d.Even to harvest time, the fruit prematurity of significant proportion angle is arranged still.If go again harvesting but by the time the angle fruit is all ripe, then be impossible, can lose more than gain.As seen, rape is to the harvest season usually, and still some angle really keeps dark green state, can carry out photosynthesis, and is most important to the formation of output.Rapeseed plants after the tradition harvesting, or accumbency in heaps is put on the ground, lodges just as plant; Or in indoor accumulation, lose sunlight.Be to carry out normally photosyntheticly, this just must exert an influence to its output.

Rapeseed plants is harvested uprightly to be put, and can fundamentally reverse above situation.Now be exemplified below:

Embodiment 1: uprightly put after the oil 50 plant harvesting of Zhejiang.

1. No. 50 rapes of overview Zhejiang oil, 0.5 mu of cultivated area.After the small part angle really is yellow, gathered in May 12.

2. when building the harvesting of framework rape, build in the ground framework, width 1m is uneven in length.Timber is inserted on the framework both sides, and each limit timber is pricked with 2 road bamboo poles.Contiguous 2 frameworks are at a distance of more than the 2m, so that the plant printing opacity.

3 plant make the stem edge of a knife down, kiss the earth after putting the plant harvesting; Plant is upright, mutually slightly is close to, to be kept upright and not fall down to the ground as degree.

4. plant is watered to become a fine day and waters 2 every day, each 1 time sooner or later.Rainy day does not water.

5. threshing drying is through 5 day time, during the whole flavescence of siliqua of oilseed rape, ted, grind beat, threshing and drying.

6. the same normal rapeseed of cultivating and managing.

7. the result of the test result shows, at a time when arid becomes a fine day, photosynthetic needs when then having replenished angle fruit maturation water every day after this embodiment rape harvesting.After the threshing drying, results vegetable seed 87kg(closes per mu yield 174kg), contrast volume increase 33.5%; Oil yield 43%, contrast increases by 3.5 percentage points; Yellow seed rate contrast reduces 11 percentage points.

Embodiment 2: in uprightly put after two No. 11 plant harvestings.

1. two No. 11 rapeseed areas were 0.2 mu during overview was planted, and gathered in mid-May.

2. build framework with embodiment one.

3. plant is put with embodiment one.

4. plant is watered with embodiment one.

5. threshing drying is through 6 day time, and the angle fruit all during the flavescence look, is tedded, threshing and drying.

6. the same normal rapeseed of cultivating and managing.

7. after this embodiment rape harvesting of result of the test, except 2 days rainy days did not water, watered 2 other fine every days.Fine day did not water in the 7th day.Through the threshing drying etc., the seed 33.5kg(that harvests drying amounts to per mu yield 167.5kg), contrast volume increase 19%; Oil yield 40.5%, contrast increases by 4 percentage points; The yellow seed rate of rapeseed seeds contrast reduces by 9 percentage points.

Claims

1. a kind of method of disposal when rape gathers in is characterized in that: after the rape harvesting, its plant is uprightly put outdoor, with the photosynthesis function of performance angle fruit.

2. a kind of method of disposal during rape according to claim 1 harvesting is characterized in that: plant be placed in the outdoor framework mutually be close to, make whole plant up, the stem edge of a knife down and kiss the earth soil.

3. a kind of method of disposal when rape according to claim 2 gathers in, it is characterized in that: described framework is erected in the rape ground, 1 meter of width; Timber, 5 meters at timber interval are inserted in the framework both sides; Each limit timber is pricked two road galvanized wires or rope or bamboo pole.

4. a kind of method of disposal during rape according to claim 1 harvesting is characterized in that: rapeseed plants was uprightly put 4～6 days, watered immediately, water and irrigate, during this period as fine day, water every day 2 times, watered continuously 3 days, such as the rainy day, do not water.

5. a kind of method of disposal during rape according to claim 1 harvesting is characterized in that: by the time that the whole flavescence of siliqua of oilseed rape when ripe, are selected is fine, ted, grind beat, threshing and drying.