CN102892569A - 包括具有包封在氮化铝中的电阻元件的加热器的模具总成 - Google Patents

包括具有包封在氮化铝中的电阻元件的加热器的模具总成 Download PDF

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CN102892569A
CN102892569A CN2011800235232A CN201180023523A CN102892569A CN 102892569 A CN102892569 A CN 102892569A CN 2011800235232 A CN2011800235232 A CN 2011800235232A CN 201180023523 A CN201180023523 A CN 201180023523A CN 102892569 A CN102892569 A CN 102892569A
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heater
die assembly
resistive element
mold
aluminum nitride
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布莱恩·艾瑟尔
斯蒂芬·林伍德·格雷
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Husky Injection Molding Systems Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/72Heating or cooling
    • B29C45/74Heating or cooling of the injection unit
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26Moulds
    • B29C45/27Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B29C45/2737Heating or cooling means therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26Moulds
    • B29C45/27Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B29C45/2737Heating or cooling means therefor
    • B29C2045/2743Electrical heating element constructions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26Moulds
    • B29C45/27Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B29C45/2737Heating or cooling means therefor
    • B29C2045/2743Electrical heating element constructions
    • B29C2045/2745Film-like electrical heaters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26Moulds
    • B29C45/27Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B29C45/2737Heating or cooling means therefor
    • B29C2045/2743Electrical heating element constructions
    • B29C2045/2748Insulating layers covering the electrical heating element

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

一种模具总成,其包括:加热器,其被构造来(在使用时)加热组件的至少一部分,所述加热器具有至少部分包封在氮化铝中的电阻元件。

Description

包括具有包封在氮化铝中的电阻元件的加热器的模具总成
技术领域
本发明大致涉及(且不限于)模组总成,其包括:加热器,其在使用时提供热到组件的至少一部分,所述加热器具有至少部分包封在氮化铝中的电阻元件。
背景技术
最早的人造塑料由Alexander PARKES在1851年发明于英国。他在1862年伦敦国际博览会上公开展示所述人造塑料,将所述材料命名为Parkesine。衍生自纤维素,Parkesine可被加热、成型并且在冷却时保持其形状。其制造成本昂贵、易开裂并且高度可燃。1868年,美国发明家John Wesley HYATT开发出一种由他命名为Celluloid的塑性材料,改进了PARKES的理念使得所述材料可被处理成成品形式。HYATT在1872年将首台注塑机申请专利。所述注塑机像大型皮下注射针头一样工作,使用活塞透过加热料筒将塑料注入模具。所述行业在20世纪40年代因二次世界大战形成对便宜、大规模生产的产品的巨大需求而迅速扩张。1946年,美国发明家James Watson HENDRY造出首台螺杆式注塑机。这种机器也使材料可在注入前混合使得有色或再利用的塑料可被添加至纯净材料并且在注入前彻底混合。在20世纪70年代,HENDRY继续开发最早的气体协助注塑方法。
注塑机包括料斗、注射活塞或螺杆式活塞和加热单元。它们也被称作压力机,它们固持其中使组件成形的模具。压力机按吨位设计等级,其表示所述机器可施加的夹箝力的量。此力使模具在注射过程期间闭合。吨位可从小于五吨变化为6000吨,且在相对较少制作操作中使用更大外形。总夹箝力的量由所成型的零件的投影面积确定。投影面积被乘以每平方英寸投影面积两吨至八吨的夹箝力。根据经验,每平方英寸四吨或五吨可用于多数产品。如果塑性材料非常坚硬,那么可能需要更大的注射压力来填充模具,因此需要更大的夹箝吨位来使模具保持闭合。所需力也可由所使用的材料和零件的尺寸来确定,越大的零件需要越高的夹箝力。使用注塑,可通过重力从料斗馈送粒状塑料到加热机筒。当小颗粒通过螺杆型活塞而缓慢前移时,塑料被压入加热腔室,塑料在所述加热腔室中熔化。当活塞前行时,熔化的塑料受压穿过抵靠着模具的喷嘴,使塑料可透过浇口及流道系统进入模具腔。模具保持冷却,所以塑料几乎在模具被填充时立即固化。模具总成或模具是用来描述用于在成型时制作塑料零件的工具的术语。模具总成用于制作数千个零件的大规模生产中。模具通常由硬化钢等制成。热流道系统与模具总成一起用于成型系统,用于制造塑料制品。通常,热流道系统和模具总成被认为可独立于成型系统销售和供应的工具。
发明内容
发明者已研究与意外地制造劣质成型品或零件的已知成型系统相关的问题。通过许多研究,发明者相信其可达成如下文所述的对问题和其解决方案的理解,并且发明者相信此理解不为公众所知。
喷嘴头因大小、空间和引线限制而难以直接和精确加热。当使用典型的基于氧化物绝缘镍铬线的加热器时,热必须透过构成喷嘴系统的不同材料传导到尖端。镍铬线也被称作镍铬电阻线。这种配置不利地限制了加热器的几何形状和构造。
根据一个方面,提供模具总成,其包括:组件;和加热器,其在使用时提供热到组件的至少一部分,所述加热器具有至少部分包封在氮化铝中的电阻元件。
本领域技术人员现将在结合附图阅读下列具体实施方式的详细描述时了解具体实施方式的其它方面和特征。
附图说明
通过参考下文结合附图对具体实施方式进行的详细描述可更全面理解具体实施方式,其中:
图1描绘模具总成(100)的示意图;
图2描绘模具总成(100)的另一个示意图。
图式不一定按比例绘制且可通过虚线、图示和局部视图示出。在某些情况下,对于理解实施方案而言不需要的细节(和/或不利于其它细节的理解的细节)可省略。
具体实施方式
图1描绘模具总成(100)。模具总成(100)可包括本领域人员已知的组件且这些已知的组件在本文中将不作描述;在下列参考书目中至少部分描述这些已知的组件(例如):(i)“Injection Molding Handbook”,作者:OSSWALD/TURNG/GRAMANN(ISBN:3-446-21669-2),(ii)“Injection Molding  Handbook”,作者:ROSATO AND ROSATO(ISBN:0-412-99381-3),(iii)“Injection Molding Systems”,第三版作者:JOHANNABER(ISBN:3-446-17733-7)和/或(iv)“Runner and Gating Design Handbook”,作者:BEAUMONT(ISBN 1-446-22672-9)。应了解,在本文件范围内,短语“包括(且不限于)”等效于词“包括”。词“包括”是过渡性短语或词,其将专利权利要求的前序与权利要求中说明的定义本发明本身的实际情况的特定元件的专利权利要求相关联。过渡性短语作为对权利要求的限制,规定在被起诉的装置(等)含有多于或少于专利中的权利要求的元件的情况下,类似装置、方法或组成是否对本专利构成侵权。词“包括”应视作开放性过渡,其是最广义的过渡形式,因为其不限制权利要求中所规定的任何元件的前序。
模具总成(100)使用小型高瓦数加热器来加热注塑喷嘴头(或喷嘴头)。加热器由包封在氮化铝中的电阻元件制成。氮化铝具有密度大的优点;具有良好的介电性质、良好的导热性和耐高温性。高瓦数与小尺寸的组合使这种加热器可放置为紧邻(靠近)喷嘴头以许可或允许更直接的加热和对实际喷嘴头的更大控制力。在一个选项中,加热器可放置为邻近喷嘴头,使得加热器提供直接加热到喷嘴头。构造方法和材料还可用于防潮密封加热器。这种构造可用于热流道喷嘴、边浇口喷嘴和侧浇口喷嘴。加热器可具有多种几何构造,包括(且不限于):平坦、圆柱形或锥形。若需要,加热器的部分可界定熔体通道出入口。
图1描绘模具总成(100)的示例性构造,诸如侧浇口型热流道。许多其它实施方案构造是可行的。模具总成(100)包括(且不限于):(i)组件,和(ii)加热器(102),其被构造来加热组件(也被称作零件或结构元件等)的至少一部分。应了解加热器(102)在使用时提供热到组件的至少一部分。加热器具有至少部分包封在氮化铝中的电阻元件。组件可包括喷嘴头。组件可包括或可界定被构造来容纳塑料树脂的熔体通道且加热器被构造来(在使用时)提供热到塑料树脂的至少一部分。熔体通道在使用时包含塑料树脂。加热器可放置为邻近喷嘴头,由此因此这样放置的加热器允许更直接加热和对喷嘴头更大的加热控制力。加热器可至少部分界定熔体通道。根据一个实施例,加热器可至少部分界定浇口孔(未描绘)。根据另一个实施例,加热器可至少部分界定成型表面(未描绘)。
图2描绘具有氮化铝所包封的电阻加热元件的模具总成(100)的另一个实施例。图2描绘穿透具有加热器的注塑喷嘴和无加热器的注塑喷嘴两者的截面。
应了解,本发明的范围限于独立权利要求所提供的范围,且还应了解本发明的范围不限于:(i)随附权利要求书、(ii)具体实施方式;(iii)发明概要;(iv)说明书摘要;和/或(v)本文件以外(即如所提起、所起诉和/或所授予的即时申请之外)提供的描述。应了解,在本文件范围内,短语“包括(且不限于)”等效于词“包括”。词“包括”是过渡性短语或词,其将专利权利要求的前序与权利要求中说明的定义本发明本身的实际情况的特定元件的专利权利要求相关联。过渡性短语作为对权利要求的限制,规定在被起诉的装置(等)含有多于或少于专利中的权利要求的元件的情况下,类似装置、方法或组成是否对本专利构成侵权。词“包括”应视作开放性过渡,其是最广义的过渡形式,因为其不限制权利要求中所规定的任何元件的前序。应注意,上文已经概述非限制性实施方案。因此,虽然针对特定非限制性实施方案进行描述,但是本发明的范围适于且可应用于其它配置和申请。可对具体实施方式进行修改而不脱离独立权利要求的范围。应了解,非限制性实施方案仅为说明性的。

Claims (7)

1.一种模具总成(100),其包括:
组件;和
加热器(102),其在使用时提供热到所述组件的至少一部分,所述加热器具有至少部分包封在氮化铝中的电阻元件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的模具总成(100),其中:所述组件包括喷嘴头。
3.根据权利要求2所述的模具总成(100),其中:所述加热器(102)提供直接加热到所述喷嘴头。
4.根据权利要求1所述的模具总成(100),其中:所述加热器(102)至少部分界定熔体通道。
5.根据权利要求1所述的模具总成(100),其中:所述加热器(102)至少部分界定浇口孔。
6.根据权利要求1所述的模具总成(100),其中:所述加热器(102)至少部分界定成型表面。
7.根据权利要求1所述的模具总成(100),其中:所述组件包括:
熔体通道,其在使用时包含塑料树脂且所述加热器(102)在使用时提供热到所述塑料树脂的至少一部分。
CN2011800235232A 2010-07-29 2011-07-26 包括具有包封在氮化铝中的电阻元件的加热器的模具总成 Pending CN102892569A (zh)

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US36866910P 2010-07-29 2010-07-29
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PCT/US2011/045277 WO2012015778A1 (en) 2010-07-29 2011-07-26 Mold-tool assembly including heater having resistive element encased in aluminum nitride

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US8899961B2 (en) 2014-12-02
WO2012015778A1 (en) 2012-02-02
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