CN102890284A - Nuclear detection device - Google Patents
Nuclear detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102890284A CN102890284A CN201210383001XA CN201210383001A CN102890284A CN 102890284 A CN102890284 A CN 102890284A CN 201210383001X A CN201210383001X A CN 201210383001XA CN 201210383001 A CN201210383001 A CN 201210383001A CN 102890284 A CN102890284 A CN 102890284A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nuclear detection device which comprises a flicker unit, a micro-optics unit, a photovoltaic conversion device and an image collecting and data processing unit, wherein the flicker unit is made of organic or inorganic crystals or thin film materials and is used for converting incidence beams into flicker light, and the converted flicker light is radiated to the micro-optics unit; a unit lens is used for generating a unit image of an object and the image is received by the photovoltaic conversion device; the photovoltaic conversion device is used for converting the received unit image into a two-dimensional data electric signal and transmitting the unit image to the image collecting and data processing unit; and the image collecting and data processing unit is used for acquiring, storing and processing the two-dimensional data electric signal obtained by the photovoltaic conversion device, and carrying out data reconstruction according to an optical path structure of the device so as to obtain the position that a photon is generated in the flicker unit. With the adoption of the device, the requirements on the flicker materials are reduced, the three-dimensional information about the position that the flicker light is generated in the flicker materials is obtained directly, the position identification can be realized and at the same time energy identification ability is provided, so that the performance of the nuclear detection device is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the X-ray detection X technical field, relate in particular to a kind of Nuclear Detection Device.
Background technology
At present, nuclear detector is the critical component that is used for X-ray detection X in high-energy physics and the nuclear physics research field, all is widely used in fields such as military affairs, industrial detection and medical images.According to the difference of function, nuclear detector can be divided into location-sensitive, energy resolution type and time resolution type and possess simultaneously detector of several functions etc.Wherein, scintillation detector is the common technology in the nuclear detector, scintillation material wherein is (to comprise X ray for surveying and recording various ray particles, gamma-rays and neutron etc.) luminescent material, when the charged or uncharged particle with higher-energy passes through scintillator, its energy is absorbed, thereby cause molecule or atomic excitation and the ionization of these materials, when getting back to ground state by excited state, these excited molecules or atom can release energy with the form of photon, and the photon of emission has specific power spectrum and is called as passage of scintillation light, just can analyze and record the characteristic of various rays by the luminescent spectrum of measuring passage of scintillation light, thereby measure its luminous position, scintillation detector can be used for location and the imaging of ray.
The location of ray is one of key function of nuclear detector, because high-energy ray has higher penetration depth usually, to the requirement of its absorption coefficient so that scintillation material must have certain thickness, and the lateral resolution of the photonic lead system of isotropic emission reduces along with the increase of scintillation material thickness, thereby position resolution type nuclear detector adopts structurized scintillation material usually, the cesium iodide film that for example has micropin shape structure is widely used in X ray computer tomoscan (CT) system, and the ZnO crystal with similar structures then is used to neutron detection.In addition, the artificial structuring crystal array of creating also is the other method that solves the position resolution problem, for example in positron emission computerized tomography (PET) system usually with the crystal-cut slivering, after adding separation layer, sidewall is reassembled into array, or crystal is filled in the template with solid shape, thereby reduce passage of scintillation light crosstalking between different " pixel " (array elements).
Although above-mentioned scheme of the prior art can improve the position resolution of nuclear detector, but technique scheme has also been lost its positional information along depth direction, along with the increase of scintillation material thickness, light transmissioning efficiency also reduces gradually simultaneously, has affected the performance of nuclear detector.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Nuclear Detection Device, can reduce the requirement to scintillation material, directly obtain passage of scintillation light produces the position in scintillation material three-dimensional information, can when realizing position resolution, have the energy resolution ability, and the collection efficiency of passage of scintillation light also is improved, thereby has promoted the performance of Nuclear Detection Device.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions, a kind of Nuclear Detection Device, described device comprise flicker unit, micro-optic unit, electrooptical device, and image acquisition and data processing unit, wherein:
Described flicker unit is crystal or the membraneous material of organic or inorganic, is used for converting the incident ray to passage of scintillation light, the described micro-optic of the passage of scintillation light directive unit after the conversion;
Described micro-optic unit is microlens array, this microlens array is comprised of the identical single-element lens of a plurality of structure and parameters, the passage of scintillation light of the described micro-optic of directive unit produces the cell picture of radiation exposure object after the unit lens reflection focuses on, and is received by described electrooptical device;
Described electrooptical device converts the cell picture that receives to the 2-D data electric signal, and passes to described image acquisition and data processing unit;
The 2-D data electric signal that described image acquisition and data processing unit collection, Storage and Processing are converted to by described electrooptical device, and carry out data reconstruction according to the light channel structure of described device, obtain the position that photon produces in described flicker unit.
Described device also comprises optical module, and described optical module is arranged on front end or the rear end of described micro-optic unit, or described micro-optic unit is built in the inside of described optical module;
Described optical module is comprised of one or one group of lens, certain that described flicker unit is absorbed that the passage of scintillation light that produces behind the incident ray focuses on left side, described micro-optic unit or right side according to the position difference that produces passage of scintillation light a bit, described optical module is used for dwindling the imaging size of described flicker unit, makes it to be complementary with the physical dimension of micro-optic unit or electrooptical device.
Described optical module comprises convex lens, or uses concavees lens, reflective mirror or spectroscope according to the design needs.
Described micro-optic unit adopts the two-dimensional planar array design; Or employing one-dimensional linear Array Design; Or adopt the design of three-dimensional arrangement mode.
Described three-dimensional arrangement mode comprises: sphere, semisphere or polygons.
The scintillation material that described flicker unit adopts has high transparent and light transmits isotropic characteristics;
And described scintillation material is the monoblock scintillator, or is spliced by the polylith scintillator;
The shape of described monoblock scintillation material is designed to right cylinder, polyhedron, ball or film;
The scintillator arrays that is spliced is planar structure, or is difform spatial structure.
Described incident ray comprises X ray, gamma-rays or neutron ray.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, described device comprises flicker unit, micro-optic unit, electrooptical device, and image acquisition and data processing unit, wherein: described flicker unit is crystal or the membraneous material of organic or inorganic, be used for converting the incident ray to passage of scintillation light, the described micro-optic of the passage of scintillation light directive unit after the conversion; Described micro-optic unit is microlens array, and this microlens array is comprised of the identical single-element lens of a plurality of structure and parameters, and described single-element lens produces the cell picture of object, and is received by described electrooptical device; Described electrooptical device converts the cell picture that receives to the 2-D data electric signal, and passes to described image acquisition and data processing unit; The 2-D data electric signal that described image acquisition and data processing unit collection, Storage and Processing are converted to by described electrooptical device, and carry out data reconstruction according to the light channel structure of described device, obtain the position that photon produces in described flicker unit.Nuclear Detection Device of the present invention can reduce the requirement to scintillation material, directly obtain passage of scintillation light produces the position in scintillation material three-dimensional information, can when realizing position resolution, have the energy resolution ability, and the collection efficiency of passage of scintillation light also is improved, thereby has promoted the performance of Nuclear Detection Device.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the accompanying drawing of required use was done to introduce simply during the below will describe embodiment, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawings according to these accompanying drawings.
The structural representation of the Nuclear Detection Device that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 provides a certain structural representation of the Nuclear Detection Device that contains optical module for the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on embodiments of the invention, those of ordinary skills belong to protection scope of the present invention not making the every other embodiment that obtains under the creative work prerequisite.
The embodiment of the invention will be calculated the design that optical field imaging is introduced nuclear detector, this nuclear detector is except the position of record passage of scintillation light on detecting element, can also be according to the anti-transmit direction that pushes away scattered light of geometric optical theory, realize the purpose of three-dimensional localization, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the embodiment of the invention is described in further detail, the structural representation of the Nuclear Detection Device that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the invention, described Nuclear Detection Device comprises flicker unit 1, micro-optic unit 3, electrooptical device 4, and image acquisition and data processing unit 5, the position of above-mentioned each unit and annexation as shown in Figure 1, wherein:
Described flicker unit 1 is crystal or the membraneous material of organic or inorganic, is used for converting the incident ray to passage of scintillation light, the described micro-optic of the passage of scintillation light directive unit 3 after the conversion; Here, described incident ray comprises X ray, gamma-rays or neutron ray.
In the specific implementation process, in order not change the transmission direction of passage of scintillation light in scintillation material, the scintillation material that this flicker unit 1 adopts should have high transparent and light transmits isotropic characteristics, for example can be BaF
2, LSO, BGO etc.
And the shape of scintillation material both can be designed as the regular shapes such as right cylinder, ball, film, also can be designed as gengon etc. irregularly shaped.Here need not that crystal to scintillation material cuts, isolates, arranges, the post-processing operation such as filling in template, only need carry out it that machinery is fixing to be got final product, thereby reduction is to the requirement of scintillation material.
Above-mentioned scintillation material can be the monoblock scintillator, also can be spliced by the polylith scintillator, and the scintillator arrays that is spliced is planar structure, or is difform spatial structure, such as spherical (ball, hemisphere, spherical crown etc.), polyhedron etc.
Described micro-optic unit 3 is microlens array, such as convex lens or concavees lens etc., this microlens array is comprised of the identical single-element lens 31 of a plurality of structure and parameters, the passage of scintillation light that incident rays excite flicker unit 1 excites produces the cell picture of radiation exposure object behind described single-element lens 31 Refractive focusings, and is received by described electrooptical device.
In specific implementation, described micro-optic unit 3 can adopt the two-dimensional planar array design, (for example when carrying out position resolution, carry out time-resolved measurement) under special circumstances and also can adopt the one-dimensional linear Array Design, can certainly adopt as required three-dimensional mode of arranging to design, for example be designed to sphere, semisphere or polygons.In Fig. 1 of the embodiment of the invention, this micro-optic unit 3 is the one-dimensional linear array structure, namely the central distribution of all single-element lenss 31 on same straight line and spacing equate, the primary optical axis of single-element lens 31 is parallel to the line of centres of flicker unit 1 and electrooptical device 4 simultaneously.
Described electrooptical device 4 converts the cell picture that receives to the 2-D data electric signal, and passes to described image acquisition and data processing unit.In the specific implementation process, because the photoyield of now widely used scintillation material is generally all less than 10
5Photons/MeV, unless increase the time of data acquisition, otherwise the received photon number of each single-element lens 31 is generally fewer, the normally single photon and a lot of pixel that arrive like this electrooptical device 4 are zero, thereby require electrooptical device 4 to have the ability of low noise and single photon detection, if but the single-element lens number that carries out for a long time data acquisition or micro-optic unit 3 also can adopt common electrooptical device to realize when fewer.
Here, realized the detection of passage of scintillation light light field by the introducing of above-mentioned micro-optic unit 3.For general single lens imaging, the light focusing that the signal intensity of the optional position on the imaging surface is in the space with the luminous point outgoing of lens different distance is formed by stacking, the range information of luminous point loses in this process, only obtains the two-dimensional signal of luminous point; And for micro-optic unit 3, the angle of relative all single-element lenss 31 of luminous point is all not identical arbitrarily in the space, therefore its relative position in cell picture after each different lens units 31 focus on is not identical yet, this means that the position of luminous point in other cell pictures that image space overlaps in a certain cell picture can not overlap, namely avoided the loss of the range information of luminous point, from the another one angle, the angle information that the range information of luminous point changes into the relative unit lens 31 of cell picture goes on record with the form of two-dimentional cell picture array.This principle is applicable equally for the passage of scintillation light of incident rays excite, two-dimentional cell picture by calculating electrooptical device 4 records is the angle of each lens unit 31 and the reversibility of light path relatively, determine the depth profile information of passage of scintillation light in flicker unit 1, thereby obtain passage of scintillation light produces the position in scintillation material three-dimensional information.
In addition, increase because the incident degree of depth of high-energy ray in scintillation material is increase with ray energy, thereby can also be used for energy resolution by definite passage of scintillation light in the depth profile information of scintillation material; Simultaneously, the photon number that scintillator produces is also relevant with the energy of incident ray, thereby adopt high performance electrooptical device 4 also can reflect energy information through the strength information that obtains behind the data reconstruction, thereby make the described Nuclear Detection Device of the embodiment of the invention when having position resolution, also had the energy resolution ability.
The 2-D data electric signal that above-mentioned image acquisition and data processing unit 5 gathers, Storage and Processing is converted to by described electrooptical device, and carry out data reconstruction according to the light channel structure of described device, obtain the position that photon produces in described flicker unit.The process of data reconstruction is specifically: the imaging point of passage of scintillation light on cell picture corresponding to the center of the luminous point of flicker unit 1 and lens unit 31, lens unit 31 is on the same straight line, according to the inverse square law of this geometric relationship and light transmition, the intensity of a certain luminous point is formed by stacking intensity by the signal of the imaging point on the extended line that is in this luminous point and each lens unit 31 lines of centres.
In the specific implementation process, this image acquisition and data processing unit 5 can be the equipment such as terminal.
In specific implementation, above-mentioned Nuclear Detection Device can also comprise optical module 2, being illustrated in figure 2 as the embodiment of the invention provides a certain structural representation of the Nuclear Detection Device that contains optical module, described optical module 2 can be arranged on front end or the rear end of described micro-optic unit 3, or described micro-optic unit 3 is built in the inside of described optical module 2.Because effective imaging region of micro-optic unit 3 is limited, spatial resolution is fixed simultaneously, in order to expand effective imaging local or to improve imaging resolution, the passage of scintillation light of introducing in 2 pairs of flickers of optical module unit 1 is carried out Polaroid (optical module 2 places the front end of optical unit 3) or secondary imaging (optical module 2 places the rear end of optical unit 3), regulate optical module 2 magnification ratio so that effectively imaging region amplify (magnification ratio is greater than 1) or improve spatial resolution (magnification ratio is less than 1).In Fig. 2 of the embodiment of the invention, this optical module 2 is arranged on the front end of micro-optic unit 3.
As shown in Figure 2: described optical module 2 can be comprised of one or one group of lens, can according to the position difference that produces passage of scintillation light with described flicker unit absorb the passage of scintillation light (such as 6 among Fig. 2) that produces behind the incident ray focus on as described in left side, micro-optic unit or right side certain a bit.Described optical module 2 can be used for dwindling the imaging size of flicker unit 1, makes it to be complementary with the physical dimension of micro-optic unit or electrooptical device.
In specific implementation, this optical module 2 can be convex lens, or uses other geometrical optics assemblies such as concavees lens, reflective mirror, spectroscope according to the design needs.
In the embodiment of the invention, the passage of scintillation light collection efficiency mainly is subject to the impact of optical module 2 and micro-optic unit 3, here can improve to greatest extent by changing its geometry the collection efficiency of passage of scintillation light, for example hemispherical structure is made in micro-optic unit 3, the collection efficiency of passage of scintillation light is reached about 50%.
In sum, the described Nuclear Detection Device of the embodiment of the invention can reduce the requirement to scintillation material, directly obtain passage of scintillation light produces the position in scintillation material three-dimensional information, can when realizing position resolution, have the energy resolution ability, and the collection efficiency of passage of scintillation light also is improved, thereby has promoted the performance of Nuclear Detection Device.
The above; only for the better embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (7)
1. a Nuclear Detection Device is characterized in that, described device comprises flicker unit, micro-optic unit, electrooptical device, and image acquisition and data processing unit, wherein:
Described flicker unit is crystal or the membraneous material of organic or inorganic, is used for converting the incident ray to passage of scintillation light, the described micro-optic of the passage of scintillation light directive unit after the conversion;
Described micro-optic unit is microlens array, this microlens array is comprised of the identical single-element lens of a plurality of structure and parameters, the passage of scintillation light of the described micro-optic of directive unit produces the cell picture of radiation exposure object after the unit lens reflection focuses on, and is received by described electrooptical device;
Described electrooptical device converts the cell picture that receives to the 2-D data electric signal, and passes to described image acquisition and data processing unit;
The 2-D data electric signal that described image acquisition and data processing unit collection, Storage and Processing are converted to by described electrooptical device, and carry out data reconstruction according to the light channel structure of described device, obtain the position that photon produces in described flicker unit.
2. Nuclear Detection Device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described device also comprises optical module, and described optical module is arranged on front end or the rear end of described micro-optic unit, or described micro-optic unit is built in the inside of described optical module;
Described optical module is comprised of one or one group of lens, certain that described flicker unit is absorbed that the passage of scintillation light that produces behind the incident ray focuses on left side, described micro-optic unit or right side according to the position difference that produces passage of scintillation light a bit, described optical module is used for dwindling the imaging size of described flicker unit, makes it to be complementary with the physical dimension of micro-optic unit or electrooptical device.
3. Nuclear Detection Device as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described optical module comprises convex lens, or uses concavees lens, reflective mirror or spectroscope according to the design needs.
4. Nuclear Detection Device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described micro-optic unit adopts the two-dimensional planar array design; Or employing one-dimensional linear Array Design; Or adopt the design of three-dimensional arrangement mode.
5. Nuclear Detection Device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described three-dimensional arrangement mode comprises: sphere, semisphere or polygons.
6. Nuclear Detection Device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the scintillation material that described flicker unit adopts has high transparent and light transmits isotropic characteristics;
And described scintillation material is the monoblock scintillator, or is spliced by the polylith scintillator;
The shape of described monoblock scintillation material is designed to right cylinder, polyhedron, ball or film;
The scintillator arrays that is spliced is planar structure, or is difform spatial structure.
7. Nuclear Detection Device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described incident ray comprises X ray, gamma-rays or neutron ray.
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| CN104515481A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-04-15 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Device and method for measuring planeness of large-diameter torus |
| CN106556857A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-04-05 | 武汉中派科技有限责任公司 | Response location localization method and device |
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| CN108983273A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-12-11 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | A kind of real-time measurement system and method for the distribution of inside of human body 3-dimensional dose |
| CN110837101A (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2020-02-25 | 魏海清 | Thallium-doped sodium iodide scintillation crystal radiation detector with lens group |
| CN111025370A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-17 | 南昌大学 | Radiation sensing device made of two-state functional material and assembling method thereof |
| CN113253332A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-08-13 | 散裂中子源科学中心 | A method based on GOS: high-resolution neutron imaging detector of Tb transparent ceramic scintillation screen and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113447976A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-28 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Method and device for measuring morphology of high-resolution slow positron beam |
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| CN104469183B (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-10-28 | 东南大学 | A kind of light field of X-ray scintillation body imaging system catches and post-processing approach |
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| CN106556857A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-04-05 | 武汉中派科技有限责任公司 | Response location localization method and device |
| CN107748170A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-03-02 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Neutron and X ray bispectrum section image camera |
| CN107748170B (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2023-10-13 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Neutron and X-ray dual-spectrum imaging camera |
| CN108983273A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-12-11 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | A kind of real-time measurement system and method for the distribution of inside of human body 3-dimensional dose |
| CN108983273B (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2021-09-24 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Real-time measurement system and method for three-dimensional dose distribution in human body |
| CN110837101A (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2020-02-25 | 魏海清 | Thallium-doped sodium iodide scintillation crystal radiation detector with lens group |
| CN111025370A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-17 | 南昌大学 | Radiation sensing device made of two-state functional material and assembling method thereof |
| CN113253332A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-08-13 | 散裂中子源科学中心 | A method based on GOS: high-resolution neutron imaging detector of Tb transparent ceramic scintillation screen and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113253332B (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2024-03-26 | 散裂中子源科学中心 | GOS-based: tb transparent ceramic scintillation screen high-resolution neutron imaging detector and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113447976A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-28 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Method and device for measuring morphology of high-resolution slow positron beam |
| CN113447976B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2024-04-02 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Method and device for measuring morphology of high-resolution slow positron beam |
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