CN102890284B - Nuclear detection device - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明实施例公开了一种核探测装置，所述装置包括闪烁单元、微光学单元、光电转换器件，以及图像采集与数据处理单元，其中：所述闪烁单元为有机或无机的晶体或薄膜材料，用于将入射射线转换成闪烁光，转换后的闪烁光射向所述微光学单元；所述单元透镜产生物体的单元图像，并被所述光电转换器件接收；所述光电转换器件将接收到的单元图像转换成二维数据电信号，并传递给所述图像采集和数据处理单元；所述图像采集和数据处理单元采集、存储和处理由所述光电转换器件转换得到的二维数据电信号，并根据所述装置的光路结构进行数据重建，得到光子在所述闪烁单元中产生的位置。该装置能够降低对闪烁材料的要求，直接得到闪烁光在闪烁材料中产生位置的三维信息，能在实现位置分辨的同时具有能量分辨能力，从而提升了核探测装置的性能。
The embodiment of the present invention discloses a nuclear detection device, which includes a scintillation unit, a micro-optical unit, a photoelectric conversion device, and an image acquisition and data processing unit, wherein: the scintillation unit is an organic or inorganic crystal or thin film material , used to convert the incident ray into scintillation light, and the converted scintillation light is sent to the micro-optical unit; the unit lens generates the unit image of the object and is received by the photoelectric conversion device; the photoelectric conversion device will receive The obtained unit image is converted into a two-dimensional data electrical signal, and transmitted to the image acquisition and data processing unit; the image acquisition and data processing unit collects, stores and processes the two-dimensional data electrical signal converted by the photoelectric conversion device signal, and perform data reconstruction according to the optical path structure of the device to obtain the position of the photon generated in the scintillation unit. The device can reduce the requirements for scintillation materials, directly obtain the three-dimensional information of the position of the scintillation light in the scintillation material, and can achieve position resolution while having energy resolution capability, thereby improving the performance of the nuclear detection device.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及射线探测技术领域，尤其涉及一种核探测装置。The invention relates to the technical field of radiation detection, in particular to a nuclear detection device.
背景技术Background technique
目前，核探测器是高能物理与核物理研究领域中用于射线探测的关键部件，在军事、工业检测以及医学影像等领域都有广泛的应用。依据功能的不同，核探测器可以分为位置灵敏型、能量分辨型和时间分辨型以及同时具备多种功能的探测器等。其中，闪烁探测器是核探测器中的常用技术，其中的闪烁材料是用于探测和记录各种射线粒子（包括X射线、γ射线以及中子等）的发光材料，当具有较高能量的带电或不带电粒子通过闪烁体时，其能量被吸收，从而引起这些材料的分子或原子激发和电离，当这些受激分子或原子由激发态回到基态时会以光子的形式释放能量，而发射的光子具有特定的能谱并被称为闪烁光，通过测量闪烁光的发光光谱就可以分析和记录各种射线的特性，从而测量其发光位置，闪烁探测器可以用于射线的定位以及成像。At present, nuclear detectors are key components for ray detection in the research fields of high-energy physics and nuclear physics, and are widely used in military, industrial detection, and medical imaging. According to different functions, nuclear detectors can be divided into position-sensitive, energy-resolving, time-resolving, and detectors with multiple functions at the same time. Among them, the scintillation detector is a common technology in nuclear detectors. The scintillation material is a luminescent material used to detect and record various ray particles (including X-rays, γ-rays, and neutrons, etc.). When charged or uncharged particles pass through the scintillator, their energy is absorbed, which causes the molecules or atoms of these materials to be excited and ionized. When these excited molecules or atoms return to the ground state from the excited state, they release energy in the form of photons, while The emitted photons have a specific energy spectrum and are called scintillation light. By measuring the luminescence spectrum of scintillation light, the characteristics of various rays can be analyzed and recorded, so as to measure their luminous position. The scintillation detector can be used for ray positioning and imaging .
射线的定位是核探测器的关键功能之一，由于高能射线通常具有较高的穿透深度，对其吸收系数的要求使得闪烁材料必须具有一定的厚度，而各向同性发射的光子导致系统的横向分辨率随着闪烁材料厚度的增加而降低，因而位置分辨型核探测器通常采用结构化的闪烁材料，例如具有微针状结构的碘化铯薄膜在X射线计算机断层扫描（CT）系统中得到了广泛的应用，具有类似结构的ZnO晶体则被用于中子探测。另外，人为创造结构化晶体阵列也是解决位置分辨问题的另一方法，例如在正电子发射断层扫描（PET）系统中通常将晶体切割成条，在侧壁添加隔离层后重新组合成阵列，或将晶体填充在具有固定形状的模板中，从而降低闪烁光在不同“像素”（阵列单元）之间的串扰。The positioning of rays is one of the key functions of nuclear detectors. Since high-energy rays usually have a high penetration depth, the requirement for its absorption coefficient makes the scintillation material have a certain thickness, and the isotropic emitted photons lead to the system’s The lateral resolution decreases as the thickness of the scintillation material increases, so position-resolving nuclear detectors usually use structured scintillation materials, such as cesium iodide thin films with microneedle structures in X-ray computed tomography (CT) systems It has been widely used, and ZnO crystals with similar structures are used for neutron detection. In addition, artificially creating structured crystal arrays is another way to solve the problem of position resolution. For example, in a positron emission tomography (PET) system, the crystals are usually cut into strips and reassembled into arrays after adding spacers on the sidewalls, or The crystals are filled in a template with a fixed shape, which reduces the crosstalk of scintillation light between different "pixels" (array elements).
虽然上述现有技术中的方案可以提高核探测器的位置分辨能力，但上述技术方案也丧失了其沿深度方向的位置信息，同时随着闪烁材料厚度的增加，光传输效率也逐渐降低，影响了核探测器的性能。Although the above-mentioned solutions in the prior art can improve the position resolution capability of nuclear detectors, the above-mentioned technical solutions also lose their position information along the depth direction. performance of nuclear detectors.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种核探测装置，能够降低对闪烁材料的要求，直接得到闪烁光在闪烁材料中产生位置的三维信息，能在实现位置分辨的同时具有能量分辨能力，且闪烁光的收集效率也得到了提高，从而提升了核探测装置的性能。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a nuclear detection device, which can reduce the requirements for scintillation materials, directly obtain the three-dimensional information of the position of scintillation light in the scintillation material, and can realize position resolution while having energy resolution capability, and the scintillation light Collection efficiency has also been increased, thereby improving the performance of nuclear detection devices.
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的，一种核探测装置，所述装置包括闪烁单元、微光学单元、光电转换器件，以及图像采集与数据处理单元，其中：The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, a nuclear detection device, the device includes a scintillation unit, a micro-optical unit, a photoelectric conversion device, and an image acquisition and data processing unit, wherein:
所述闪烁单元为有机或无机的晶体或薄膜材料，用于将入射射线转换成闪烁光，转换后的闪烁光射向所述微光学单元；The scintillation unit is an organic or inorganic crystal or film material, which is used to convert incident rays into scintillation light, and the converted scintillation light is directed to the micro-optical unit;
所述微光学单元为微透镜阵列，该微透镜阵列由多个结构和参数相同的单元透镜组成，射向所述微光学单元的闪烁光经各个单元透镜折射聚焦后产生射线照射物体的单元图像，并被所述光电转换器件接收；The micro-optical unit is a micro-lens array, and the micro-lens array is composed of a plurality of unit lenses with the same structure and parameters. The scintillation light directed to the micro-optic unit is refracted and focused by each unit lens to generate a unit image of the ray-irradiated object , and is received by the photoelectric conversion device;
所述光电转换器件将接收到的单元图像转换成二维数据电信号，并传递给所述图像采集和数据处理单元；The photoelectric conversion device converts the received unit image into a two-dimensional data electrical signal, and transmits it to the image acquisition and data processing unit;
所述图像采集与数据处理单元采集、存储和处理由所述光电转换器件转换得到的二维数据电信号，并根据所述装置的光路结构进行数据重建，得到光子在所述闪烁单元中产生的位置。The image collection and data processing unit collects, stores and processes the two-dimensional data electrical signal converted by the photoelectric conversion device, and reconstructs the data according to the optical path structure of the device to obtain the photons generated in the scintillation unit Location.
所述装置还包括光学组件，所述光学组件设置在所述微光学单元的前端或后端，或所述微光学单元内置于所述光学组件的内部；The device also includes an optical assembly, the optical assembly is arranged at the front end or rear end of the micro-optical unit, or the micro-optic unit is built in the interior of the optical assembly;
所述光学组件由一个或一组透镜组成，根据产生闪烁光的位置不同将所述闪烁单元吸收入射射线后产生的闪烁光聚焦于所述微光学单元左侧或右侧的某一点，所述光学组件用于缩小所述闪烁单元的成像尺寸，使之与微光学单元或光电转换器件的几何尺寸相匹配。The optical assembly is composed of one or a group of lenses, which focus the scintillation light generated by the scintillation unit after absorbing incident rays on a point on the left or right side of the micro-optical unit according to the position where the scintillation light is generated. The optical component is used to reduce the imaging size of the scintillation unit to match the geometric size of the micro-optical unit or the photoelectric conversion device.
所述光学组件包括凸透镜，或根据设计需要使用凹透镜、反光镜或分光镜。The optical component includes a convex lens, or uses a concave lens, reflective mirror or beam splitter according to design requirements.
所述微光学单元采用二维平面阵列设计；或采用一维线性阵列设计；或采用立体排列方式设计。The micro-optical units are designed in a two-dimensional planar array; or in a one-dimensional linear array; or in a three-dimensional arrangement.
所述立体排列方式包括：球形、半球形或多边性。The three-dimensional arrangement includes: spherical, hemispherical or polygonal.
所述闪烁单元所采用的闪烁材料具有高透明性和光传输各向同性的特点；The scintillation material used in the scintillation unit has the characteristics of high transparency and isotropic light transmission;
且所述闪烁材料为整块闪烁体，或由多块闪烁体进行拼接而成；And the scintillation material is a whole piece of scintillator, or spliced by multiple pieces of scintillator;
所述整块闪烁材料的形状被设计成圆柱体、多面体、圆球或薄膜；The shape of the whole piece of scintillation material is designed as cylinder, polyhedron, sphere or film;
拼接而成的闪烁体阵列为平面结构，或为不同形状的立体结构。The spliced scintillator array is a planar structure, or a three-dimensional structure of different shapes.
所述入射射线包括X射线、γ射线或中子射线。The incident rays include X-rays, gamma rays or neutron rays.
由上述本发明提供的技术方案可以看出，所述装置包括闪烁单元、微光学单元、光电转换器件，以及图像采集与数据处理单元，其中：所述闪烁单元为有机或无机的晶体或薄膜材料，用于将入射射线转换成闪烁光，转换后的闪烁光射向所述微光学单元；所述微光学单元为微透镜阵列，该微透镜阵列由多个结构和参数相同的单元透镜组成，所述单元透镜产生物体的单元图像，并被所述光电转换器件接收；所述光电转换器件将接收到的单元图像转换成二维数据电信号，并传递给所述图像采集和数据处理单元；所述图像采集和数据处理单元采集、存储和处理由所述光电转换器件转换得到的二维数据电信号，并根据所述装置的光路结构进行数据重建，得到光子在所述闪烁单元中产生的位置。本发明所述核探测装置能够降低对闪烁材料的要求，直接得到闪烁光在闪烁材料中产生位置的三维信息，能在实现位置分辨的同时具有能量分辨能力，且闪烁光的收集效率也得到了提高，从而提升了核探测装置的性能。It can be seen from the above-mentioned technical solution provided by the present invention that the device includes a scintillation unit, a micro-optical unit, a photoelectric conversion device, and an image acquisition and data processing unit, wherein: the scintillation unit is an organic or inorganic crystal or thin film material , for converting the incident ray into scintillation light, and the converted scintillation light is sent to the micro-optical unit; the micro-optic unit is a micro-lens array, and the micro-lens array is composed of a plurality of unit lenses with the same structure and parameters, The unit lens generates a unit image of the object and is received by the photoelectric conversion device; the photoelectric conversion device converts the received unit image into a two-dimensional data electrical signal and transmits it to the image acquisition and data processing unit; The image collection and data processing unit collects, stores and processes the two-dimensional data electrical signal converted by the photoelectric conversion device, and reconstructs the data according to the optical path structure of the device to obtain the photons generated in the scintillation unit Location. The nuclear detection device of the present invention can reduce the requirements for scintillation materials, directly obtain the three-dimensional information of the position where scintillation light is generated in the scintillation material, and can realize position resolution while having energy resolution capability, and the collection efficiency of scintillation light has also been improved. Improve, thereby improving the performance of the nuclear detection device.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For Those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings on the premise of not paying creative work.
图1为本发明实施例提供的核探测装置的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a nuclear detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例所提供含有光学组件的核探测装置的某一结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a nuclear detection device including optical components provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明的保护范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明实施例将计算光场成像引入核探测器的设计，该核探测器除记录闪烁光在探测元件上的位置外，还可以根据几何光学原理反推散射光的发射方向，实现三维定位的目的，下面将结合附图对本发明实施例作进一步地详细描述，图1为本发明实施例提供的核探测装置的结构示意图，所述核探测装置包括闪烁单元1、微光学单元3、光电转换器件4，以及图像采集与数据处理单元5，上述各单元的位置及连接关系如图1所示，其中：The embodiment of the present invention introduces computational light field imaging into the design of the nuclear detector. In addition to recording the position of the scintillation light on the detection element, the nuclear detector can also deduce the emission direction of the scattered light according to the principle of geometric optics to realize three-dimensional positioning. Purpose, the embodiment of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a nuclear detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The nuclear detection device includes a scintillation unit 1, a micro-optical unit 3, a photoelectric conversion The device 4, and the image acquisition and data processing unit 5, the positions and connections of the above units are shown in Figure 1, wherein:
所述闪烁单元1为有机或无机的晶体或薄膜材料，用于将入射射线转换成闪烁光，转换后的闪烁光射向所述微光学单元3；这里，所述入射射线包括X射线、γ射线或中子射线。The scintillation unit 1 is an organic or inorganic crystal or film material, which is used to convert incident rays into scintillation light, and the converted scintillation light is directed to the micro-optical unit 3; here, the incident rays include X-rays, γ rays or neutron rays.
在具体实现过程中，为了不改变闪烁光在闪烁材料中的传输方向，该闪烁单元1所采用的闪烁材料应当具有高透明性以及光传输各向同性的特点，例如可以为BaF2、LSO、BGO等。In the specific implementation process, in order not to change the transmission direction of the scintillation light in the scintillation material, the scintillation material used in the scintillation unit 1 should have the characteristics of high transparency and isotropic light transmission, such as BaF 2 , LSO, BGO, etc.
且闪烁材料的形状既可以设计为圆柱体、圆球、薄膜等规则形状，也可以设计为多边体等不规则形状。这里无需对闪烁材料的晶体进行切割、隔离、排列、在模板中的填充等后处理操作，只需对其进行机械固定即可，从而降低对闪烁材料的要求。Moreover, the shape of the scintillation material can be designed as a regular shape such as a cylinder, a sphere, or a thin film, and can also be designed as an irregular shape such as a polygon. Here, there is no need to perform post-processing operations such as cutting, isolating, arranging, and filling in templates for the crystals of the scintillation material, and only need to fix them mechanically, thereby reducing the requirements for the scintillation material.
上述闪烁材料可以为整块闪烁体，也可以由多块闪烁体进行拼接而成，拼接而成的闪烁体阵列为平面结构，或为不同形状的立体结构，如球形（圆球、半球、球冠等）、多面体等。The above-mentioned scintillator material can be a whole piece of scintillator, and can also be spliced by multiple pieces of scintillator. The spliced scintillator array is a planar structure, or a three-dimensional structure of different shapes, such as spherical (sphere, hemisphere, spherical Crowns, etc.), polyhedrons, etc.
所述微光学单元3为微透镜阵列，例如凸透镜或凹透镜等，该微透镜阵列由多个结构和参数相同的单元透镜31组成，入射射线激发闪烁单元1激发的闪烁光经所述单元透镜31折射聚焦后产生射线照射物体的单元图像，并被所述光电转换器件接收。The micro-optical unit 3 is a micro-lens array, such as a convex lens or a concave lens. The micro-lens array is composed of a plurality of unit lenses 31 with the same structure and parameters. After refraction and focusing, a unit image of the object irradiated by the rays is generated and received by the photoelectric conversion device.
在具体实现中，所述微光学单元3可以采用二维平面阵列设计，在特殊情况下（例如在进行位置分辨的同时进行时间分辨的测量）也可以采用一维线性阵列设计，当然也可以根据需要采用立体排列的方式设计，例如设计成球形、半球形或多边性。在本发明实施例的图1中，该微光学单元3为一维线性阵列结构，即所有单元透镜31的中心分布在同一直线上且间距相等，同时单元透镜31的主光轴平行于闪烁单元1和光电转换器件4的中心连线。In a specific implementation, the micro-optical unit 3 can adopt a two-dimensional planar array design, and in special cases (such as performing time-resolved measurement while performing position resolution), it can also adopt a one-dimensional linear array design, and of course it can also be designed according to It needs to be designed in a three-dimensional arrangement, such as spherical, hemispherical or polygonal. In Fig. 1 of the embodiment of the present invention, the micro-optical unit 3 is a one-dimensional linear array structure, that is, the centers of all unit lenses 31 are distributed on the same straight line with equal spacing, and the main optical axis of the unit lenses 31 is parallel to the scintillation unit. 1 and the center line of the photoelectric conversion device 4.
所述光电转换器件4将接收到的单元图像转换成二维数据电信号，并传递给所述图像采集和数据处理单元。在具体实现过程中，由于目前广泛使用的闪烁材料的光产额一般都小于105photons/MeV，除非增加数据采集的时间，否则每个单元透镜31所接收到的光子数一般比较少，这样到达光电转换器件4的通常是单光子且很多像素为零，因而要求光电转换器件4具有低噪声和单光子探测的能力，但若长时间进行数据采集或微光学单元3的单元透镜数比较少时，也可以采用普通的光电转换器件来实现。The photoelectric conversion device 4 converts the received unit image into a two-dimensional data electrical signal, and transmits it to the image acquisition and data processing unit. In the specific implementation process, since the light yield of widely used scintillation materials is generally less than 10 5 photons/MeV, unless the data collection time is increased, the number of photons received by each unit lens 31 is generally relatively small, so The photoelectric conversion device 4 is usually single photon and many pixels are zero, so the photoelectric conversion device 4 is required to have low noise and single photon detection capability, but if the data collection is performed for a long time or the number of unit lenses of the micro-optical unit 3 is relatively small , can also be realized by ordinary photoelectric conversion devices.
这里，通过上述微光学单元3的引入实现了闪烁光光场的探测。对于一般的单一透镜成像而言，成像面上的任意位置的信号强度均为空间中与透镜不同距离的发光点出射的光线聚焦叠加而成，在此过程中发光点的距离信息损失，仅得到发光点的二维信息；而对于微光学单元3，空间中任意发光点相对所有单元透镜31的角度均不相同，故其经各个不同透镜单元31聚焦后在单元图像中的相对位置也不相同，这意味着在某一单元图像内成像位置重合的发光点在其他单元图像中的位置不会重合，即避免了发光点的距离信息的损失，从另外一个角度讲，发光点的距离信息转化成单元图像相对各个单元透镜31的角度信息以二维单元图像阵列的形式被记录下来。该原理对于入射射线激发的闪烁光同样适用，通过计算光电转换器件4记录的二维单元图像相对各个透镜单元31的角度以及光路的可逆性，确定闪烁光在闪烁单元1内的深度分布信息，从而得到闪烁光在闪烁材料中产生位置的三维信息。Here, the detection of the light field of the scintillation light is realized through the introduction of the above-mentioned micro-optical unit 3 . For general single-lens imaging, the signal intensity at any position on the imaging surface is formed by focusing and superimposing light emitted from light-emitting points at different distances from the lens in space. During this process, the distance information of the light-emitting points is lost, and only The two-dimensional information of the luminous point; and for the micro-optical unit 3, the angles of any luminous point in space relative to all unit lenses 31 are not the same, so their relative positions in the unit image after being focused by each different lens unit 31 are also different , which means that the positions of the luminous points whose imaging positions overlap in a certain unit image will not overlap in other unit images, that is, the loss of the distance information of the luminous points is avoided. From another perspective, the distance information of the luminous points is transformed into Angle information of unit images relative to each unit lens 31 is recorded in the form of a two-dimensional unit image array. This principle is also applicable to scintillation light excited by incident rays. By calculating the angle of the two-dimensional unit image recorded by the photoelectric conversion device 4 relative to each lens unit 31 and the reversibility of the optical path, the depth distribution information of the scintillation light in the scintillation unit 1 is determined. Thus, the three-dimensional information of the position where the scintillation light is generated in the scintillation material is obtained.
另外，由于高能射线在闪烁材料中的入射深度是随射线能量的增加而增加的，因而通过确定闪烁光在闪烁材料的深度分布信息还可以用于能量分辨；同时，闪烁体所产生的光子数也与入射射线的能量有关，因而采用高性能的光电转换器件4经过数据重建后得到的强度信息也可以反映能量信息，从而使本发明实施例所述核探测装置在具有位置分辨能力的同时，也具有了能量分辨能力。In addition, since the incident depth of high-energy rays in the scintillation material increases with the increase of the energy of the rays, the depth distribution information of the scintillation light in the scintillation material can also be used for energy resolution; at the same time, the number of photons produced by the scintillator It is also related to the energy of the incident ray, so the intensity information obtained after data reconstruction using a high-performance photoelectric conversion device 4 can also reflect energy information, so that the nuclear detection device described in the embodiment of the present invention has position resolution capability, It also has energy resolution capability.
上述图像采集和数据处理单元5采集、存储和处理由所述光电转换器件转换得到的二维数据电信号，并根据所述装置的光路结构进行数据重建，得到光子在所述闪烁单元中产生的位置。数据重建的过程具体来说：闪烁光在闪烁单元1的发光点与透镜单元31的中心、透镜单元31对应的单元图像上的成像点处于同一直线上，根据这一几何关系以及光线传播的平方反比定律，某一发光点的强度由处于该发光点与各透镜单元31中心连线的延长线上的成像点的信号将强度叠加而成。The above-mentioned image acquisition and data processing unit 5 acquires, stores and processes the two-dimensional data electrical signal converted by the photoelectric conversion device, and performs data reconstruction according to the optical path structure of the device to obtain the photons generated in the scintillation unit. Location. The process of data reconstruction is specifically: the luminous point of the scintillation light on the scintillation unit 1 is on the same straight line as the center of the lens unit 31 and the imaging point on the unit image corresponding to the lens unit 31. According to this geometric relationship and the square of light propagation According to the law of inverse ratio, the intensity of a certain luminous point is obtained by superimposing the signals of the imaging points on the extension line between the luminous point and the center of each lens unit 31 .
具体实施过程中，该图像采集和数据处理单元5可以为计算机终端等设备。During specific implementation, the image acquisition and data processing unit 5 may be a computer terminal or other equipment.
在具体实现中，上述核探测装置还可以包括光学组件2，如图2所示为本发明实施例所提供含有光学组件的核探测装置的某一结构示意图，所述光学组件2可以设置在所述微光学单元3的前端或后端，或将所述微光学单元3内置于所述光学组件2的内部。由于微光学单元3的有效成像区域有限，同时空间分辨率固定，为了扩展有效成像局域或者提高成像分辨率，引入光学组件2对闪烁单元1内的闪烁光进行一次成像（光学组件2置于光学单元3的前端）或者二次成像（光学组件2置于光学单元3的后端），调节光学组件2的放大比率使得有效成像区域放大（放大比率大于1）或者提高空间分辨率（放大比率小于1）。在本发明实施例的图2中，该光学组件2设置在微光学单元3的前端。In a specific implementation, the above-mentioned nuclear detection device may also include an optical component 2, as shown in Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a nuclear detection device containing an optical component provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the optical component 2 may be arranged in the The front end or the rear end of the micro-optical unit 3 , or the micro-optic unit 3 is built into the interior of the optical assembly 2 . Since the effective imaging area of the micro-optical unit 3 is limited and the spatial resolution is fixed, in order to expand the effective imaging area or improve the imaging resolution, an optical component 2 is introduced to perform imaging of the scintillation light in the scintillation unit 1 (the optical component 2 is placed The front end of the optical unit 3) or secondary imaging (the optical component 2 is placed at the rear end of the optical unit 3), adjust the magnification ratio of the optical component 2 to enlarge the effective imaging area (magnification ratio greater than 1) or improve the spatial resolution (magnification ratio less than 1). In FIG. 2 of the embodiment of the present invention, the optical component 2 is arranged at the front end of the micro-optical unit 3 .
如图2所示：所述光学组件2可以由一个或一组透镜组成，可根据产生闪烁光的位置不同将所述闪烁单元吸收入射射线后产生的闪烁光（如图2中的6）聚焦于所述微光学单元左侧或右侧的某一点。所述光学组件2可用于缩小闪烁单元1的成像尺寸，使之与微光学单元或光电转换器件的几何尺寸相匹配。As shown in Figure 2: the optical component 2 can be composed of one or a group of lenses, which can focus the scintillation light generated by the scintillation unit after absorbing incident rays (6 in Figure 2) according to the position where the scintillation light is generated at a certain point on the left or right side of the micro-optical unit. The optical assembly 2 can be used to reduce the imaging size of the scintillation unit 1 to match the geometric size of the micro-optical unit or photoelectric conversion device.
在具体实现中，该光学组件2可以为凸透镜，或根据设计需要使用凹透镜、反光镜、分光镜等其它几何光学组件。In a specific implementation, the optical component 2 may be a convex lens, or other geometric optical components such as a concave lens, a reflector, and a beam splitter may be used according to design requirements.
本发明实施例中，闪烁光收集效率主要受到光学组件2和微光学单元3的影响，这里可以通过改变其几何结构来最大限度的提高闪烁光的收集效率，例如将微光学单元3做成半球状结构，就可以使闪烁光的收集效率达到50%左右。In the embodiment of the present invention, the collection efficiency of the scintillation light is mainly affected by the optical assembly 2 and the micro-optical unit 3. Here, the collection efficiency of the scintillation light can be improved to the greatest extent by changing its geometric structure, for example, the micro-optic unit 3 is made into a hemisphere shape structure, the collection efficiency of scintillation light can reach about 50%.
综上所述，本发明实施例所述核探测装置能够降低对闪烁材料的要求，直接得到闪烁光在闪烁材料中产生位置的三维信息，能在实现位置分辨的同时具有能量分辨能力，且闪烁光的收集效率也得到了提高，从而提升了核探测装置的性能。In summary, the nuclear detection device described in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the requirements for scintillation materials, directly obtain the three-dimensional information of the location of scintillation light in the scintillation material, and can achieve position resolution while having energy resolution capability, and the scintillation Light collection efficiency has also been improved, thereby improving the performance of nuclear detection devices.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书的保护范围为准。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can easily conceive of changes or changes within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.
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