CN102890284B - Nuclear detection device - Google Patents
Nuclear detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102890284B CN102890284B CN201210383001.XA CN201210383001A CN102890284B CN 102890284 B CN102890284 B CN 102890284B CN 201210383001 A CN201210383001 A CN 201210383001A CN 102890284 B CN102890284 B CN 102890284B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000219739 Lens Species 0.000 description 27
- 210000000695 crystalline len Anatomy 0.000 description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910016036 BaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium iodide Chemical compound [I-].[Cs+] XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005658 nuclear physics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nuclear detection device which comprises a flicker unit, a micro-optics unit, a photovoltaic conversion device and an image collecting and data processing unit, wherein the flicker unit is made of organic or inorganic crystals or thin film materials and is used for converting incidence beams into flicker light, and the converted flicker light is radiated to the micro-optics unit; a unit lens is used for generating a unit image of an object and the image is received by the photovoltaic conversion device; the photovoltaic conversion device is used for converting the received unit image into a two-dimensional data electric signal and transmitting the unit image to the image collecting and data processing unit; and the image collecting and data processing unit is used for acquiring, storing and processing the two-dimensional data electric signal obtained by the photovoltaic conversion device, and carrying out data reconstruction according to an optical path structure of the device so as to obtain the position that a photon is generated in the flicker unit. With the adoption of the device, the requirements on the flicker materials are reduced, the three-dimensional information about the position that the flicker light is generated in the flicker materials is obtained directly, the position identification can be realized and at the same time energy identification ability is provided, so that the performance of the nuclear detection device is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to X-ray detection X technical field, particularly relate to a kind of Nuclear Detection Device.
Background technology
At present, nuclear detector is the critical component for X-ray detection X in high-energy physics and nuclear physics research field, is all widely used in fields such as military, industrial detection and medical images.According to the difference of function, nuclear detector can be divided into location-sensitive, energy resolution type and time resolution type and possess the detector etc. of several functions simultaneously.Wherein, scintillation detector is the common technology in nuclear detector, scintillation material wherein (comprises X ray for detecting and recording various ray particle, gamma-rays and neutron etc.) luminescent material, when there is the charged of higher-energy or uncharged particle by scintillator, its energy is absorbed, thus cause the molecule of these materials or atomic excitation and ionization, can release energy with the form of photon when these excited molecules or atom get back to ground state by excited state, and the photon launched has specific power spectrum and is called as passage of scintillation light, the characteristic of various ray just can be analyzed and record by the luminescent spectrum measuring passage of scintillation light, thus measure its luminous position, scintillation detector may be used for location and the imaging of ray.
The location of ray is one of key function of nuclear detector, because high-energy ray has higher penetration depth usually, make scintillation material must have certain thickness to the requirement of its absorption coefficient, and the lateral resolution of the photonic lead system of isotropic emission reduces along with the increase of scintillation material thickness, thus position resolution type nuclear detector adopts structurized scintillation material usually, the cesium iodide film such as with micro-acicular texture is widely used in X ray computer tomoscan (CT) system, the ZnO crystal with similar structures is then used to neutron detection.In addition, artificial creation structured crystals array is also the other method solving position resolution problem, such as usual by crystal-cut slivering in positron emission computerized tomography (PET) system, array is reassembled into after sidewall adds separation layer, or be filled in the figurate template of tool by crystal, thus reduce the crosstalk of passage of scintillation light between different " pixel " (array element).
Although above-mentioned scheme of the prior art can improve the position resolution of nuclear detector, but technique scheme also loses its positional information along depth direction, simultaneously along with the increase of scintillation material thickness, light transmissioning efficiency also reduces gradually, have impact on the performance of nuclear detector.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of Nuclear Detection Device, the requirement to scintillation material can be reduced, directly obtain the three-dimensional information that passage of scintillation light produces position in scintillation material, energy resolution can be had while realizing position resolution, and the collection efficiency of passage of scintillation light have also been obtained raising, thus improve the performance of Nuclear Detection Device.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions, a kind of Nuclear Detection Device, described device comprises Flash cell, micro-optic unit, electrooptical device, and image acquisition and data processing unit, wherein:
Described Flash cell is crystal or the membraneous material of organic or inorganic, for converting incident ray to passage of scintillation light, and micro-optic unit described in the passage of scintillation light directive after conversion;
Described micro-optic unit is microlens array, this microlens array is made up of the single-element lens that multiple structure and parameter is identical, the passage of scintillation light of micro-optic unit described in directive produces the cell picture of radiation exposure object after unit lens reflection focuses on, and is received by described electrooptical device;
Described electrooptical device converts the cell picture received to 2-D data electric signal, and passes to described image acquisition and data processing unit;
The 2-D data electric signal that described image acquisition and data processing unit collection, Storage and Processing are converted to by described electrooptical device, and carry out data reconstruction according to the light channel structure of described device, obtain the position that photon produces in described Flash cell.
Described device also comprises optical module, and described optical module is arranged on front end or the rear end of described micro-optic unit, or described micro-optic unit is built in the inside of described optical module;
Described optical module is made up of one or one group of lens, according to the position producing passage of scintillation light is different described Flash cell is absorbed incident ray after the passage of scintillation light that produces focus on the left of described micro-optic unit or right side certain a bit, described optical module, for reducing the imaging size of described Flash cell, makes it to match with the physical dimension of micro-optic unit or electrooptical device.
Described optical module comprises convex lens, or needs to use concavees lens, reflective mirror or spectroscope according to design.
Described micro-optic unit adopts two-dimensional planar array design; Or adopt one-dimensional linear array design; Or adopt three-dimensional arrangement mode to design.
Described three-dimensional arrangement mode comprises: spherical, semisphere or polygons.
The scintillation material that described Flash cell adopts has high transparent and the isotropic feature of optical transport;
And described scintillation material is monoblock scintillator, or be spliced by polylith scintillator;
The shape of described monoblock scintillation material is designed to right cylinder, polyhedron, ball or film;
The scintillator arrays be spliced is planar structure, or is difform spatial structure.
Described incident ray comprises X ray, gamma-rays or neutron ray.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, described device comprises Flash cell, micro-optic unit, electrooptical device, and image acquisition and data processing unit, wherein: described Flash cell is crystal or the membraneous material of organic or inorganic, for converting incident ray to passage of scintillation light, micro-optic unit described in the passage of scintillation light directive after conversion; Described micro-optic unit is microlens array, and this microlens array is made up of the single-element lens that multiple structure and parameter is identical, and described single-element lens produces the cell picture of object, and is received by described electrooptical device; Described electrooptical device converts the cell picture received to 2-D data electric signal, and passes to described image acquisition and data processing unit; The 2-D data electric signal that described image acquisition and data processing unit collection, Storage and Processing are converted to by described electrooptical device, and carry out data reconstruction according to the light channel structure of described device, obtain the position that photon produces in described Flash cell.Nuclear Detection Device of the present invention can reduce the requirement to scintillation material, directly obtain the three-dimensional information that passage of scintillation light produces position in scintillation material, energy resolution can be had while realizing position resolution, and the collection efficiency of passage of scintillation light have also been obtained raising, thus improve the performance of Nuclear Detection Device.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing used required in describing embodiment is briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
The structural representation of the Nuclear Detection Device that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 provides by the embodiment of the present invention a certain structural representation of the Nuclear Detection Device containing optical module.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on embodiments of the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention introduces the design of nuclear detector by calculating optical field imaging, this nuclear detector is except recording the position of passage of scintillation light on detecting element, can also according to the anti-transmit direction pushing away scattered light of geometric optical theory, realize the object of three-dimensional localization, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail, the structural representation of the Nuclear Detection Device that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention, described Nuclear Detection Device comprises Flash cell 1, micro-optic unit 3, electrooptical device 4, and image acquisition and data processing unit 5, the position of above-mentioned each unit and annexation are as shown in Figure 1, wherein:
Described Flash cell 1 is crystal or the membraneous material of organic or inorganic, for converting incident ray to passage of scintillation light, and micro-optic unit 3 described in the passage of scintillation light directive after conversion; Here, described incident ray comprises X ray, gamma-rays or neutron ray.
In specific implementation process, in order to not change the transmission direction of passage of scintillation light in scintillation material, the scintillation material that this Flash cell 1 adopts should have high transparent and the isotropic feature of optical transport, such as, can be BaF
2, LSO, BGO etc.
And the shape of scintillation material both can be designed as the regular shapes such as right cylinder, ball, film, also can be designed as gengon etc. irregularly shaped.The post-processing operation such as filling without the need to cutting the crystal of scintillation material, isolating, arrange, in a template here, only need carry out machinery to it and fix, thus the requirement of reduction to scintillation material.
Above-mentioned scintillation material can be monoblock scintillator, also can be spliced by polylith scintillator, and the scintillator arrays be spliced is planar structure, or is difform spatial structure, as spherical (ball, hemisphere, spherical crown etc.), polyhedron etc.
Described micro-optic unit 3 is microlens array, such as convex lens or concavees lens etc., this microlens array is made up of the single-element lens 31 that multiple structure and parameter is identical, the passage of scintillation light that incident ray excites Flash cell 1 to excite produces the cell picture of radiation exposure object after described single-element lens 31 Refractive focusing, and is received by described electrooptical device.
In specific implementation, described micro-optic unit 3 can adopt two-dimensional planar array to design, (such as while carrying out position resolution, carry out time-resolved measurement) under special circumstances and one-dimensional linear array also can be adopted to design, the patten's design of three-dimensional arrangement can certainly be adopted as required, such as, be designed to spherical, semisphere or polygons.In Fig. 1 of the embodiment of the present invention, this micro-optic unit 3 is one-dimensional linear array structure, namely the central distribution of all single-element lenss 31 on the same line and spacing is equal, and the primary optical axis of single-element lens 31 is parallel to the line of centres of Flash cell 1 and electrooptical device 4 simultaneously.
Described electrooptical device 4 converts the cell picture received to 2-D data electric signal, and passes to described image acquisition and data processing unit.In specific implementation process, because the photoyield of now widely used scintillation material is generally all less than 10
5photons/MeV, except the time of non-increasing data acquisition, otherwise the photon number received by each single-element lens 31 is generally fewer, the normally single photon of such arrival electrooptical device 4 and a lot of pixel is zero, thus require that electrooptical device 4 has the ability of low noise and single photon detection, if but when the single-element lens number carrying out data acquisition or micro-optic unit 3 is for a long time fewer, also common electrooptical device can be adopted realize.
Here, the detection of passage of scintillation light light field is achieved by the introducing of above-mentioned micro-optic unit 3.For general single lens imaging, the signal intensity of the optional position on imaging surface is in space and is formed by stacking with the light focusing of the luminous point outgoing of lens different distance, the range information loss of luminous point, only obtains the two-dimensional signal of luminous point in the process, and for micro-optic unit 3, in space, the angle of the relatively all single-element lenss 31 of any luminous point is all not identical, therefore its relative position after each different lens unit 31 focuses in cell picture is not identical yet, this means that the position of luminous point in other cell pictures that image space overlaps in a certain cell picture can not overlap, namely the loss of the range information of luminous point is avoided, from another one angle, the angle information that the range information of luminous point changes into the relative unit lens 31 of cell picture goes on record with the form of two-dimensional cell pattern matrix.The passage of scintillation light that this principle excites for incident ray is applicable equally, by calculating the two-dimensional cell image angle of each lens unit 31 and the reversibility of light path relatively that electrooptical device 4 records, determine the Depth profile information of passage of scintillation light in Flash cell 1, thus obtain the three-dimensional information that passage of scintillation light produces position in scintillation material.
In addition, because the increase of the incident degree of depth of high-energy ray in scintillation material with ray energy increases, thus by determining that passage of scintillation light can also be used for energy resolution at the Depth profile information of scintillation material; Simultaneously, the photon number that scintillator produces is also relevant with the energy of incident ray, thus the strength information adopting high performance electrooptical device 4 to obtain after data reconstruction also can reflect energy information, thus make Nuclear Detection Device described in the embodiment of the present invention while having position resolution, be also provided with energy resolution.
Above-mentioned image acquisition and the 2-D data electric signal that data processing unit 5 gathers, Storage and Processing is converted to by described electrooptical device, and carry out data reconstruction according to the light channel structure of described device, obtain the position that photon produces in described Flash cell.The process of data reconstruction is specifically: the imaging point of passage of scintillation light on the cell picture that the center of luminous point and the lens unit 31 of Flash cell 1, lens unit 31 are corresponding is on same straight line, according to the inverse square law of this geometric relationship and light transmition, intensity is formed by stacking by the signal of the imaging point be on the extended line of this luminous point and each lens unit 31 line of centres by the intensity of a certain luminous point.
In specific implementation process, this image acquisition and data processing unit 5 can be the equipment such as terminal.
In specific implementation, above-mentioned Nuclear Detection Device can also comprise optical module 2, be illustrated in figure 2 the embodiment of the present invention a certain structural representation of the Nuclear Detection Device containing optical module is provided, described optical module 2 can be arranged on front end or the rear end of described micro-optic unit 3, or described micro-optic unit 3 is built in the inside of described optical module 2.Because effective imaging region of micro-optic unit 3 is limited, spatial resolution is fixed simultaneously, in order to extremely efficient imaging local or raising imaging resolution, the passage of scintillation light introduced in optical module 2 pairs of Flash cell 1 carries out Polaroid (optical module 2 is placed in the front end of optical unit 3) or secondary imaging (optical module 2 is placed in the rear end of optical unit 3), regulates the magnification ratio of optical module 2 to make effective imaging region amplify (magnification ratio is greater than 1) or improve spatial resolution (magnification ratio is less than 1).In Fig. 2 of the embodiment of the present invention, this optical module 2 is arranged on the front end of micro-optic unit 3.
As shown in Figure 2: described optical module 2 can be made up of one or one group of lens, can according to the position producing passage of scintillation light different described Flash cell is absorbed incident ray after the passage of scintillation light (as 6 in Fig. 2) that produces focus on as described on the left of micro-optic unit or right side certain a bit.Described optical module 2 can be used for the imaging size reducing Flash cell 1, makes it to match with the physical dimension of micro-optic unit or electrooptical device.
In specific implementation, this optical module 2 can be convex lens, or needs to use other geometrical optics assemblies such as concavees lens, reflective mirror, spectroscope according to design.
In the embodiment of the present invention, passage of scintillation light collection efficiency is mainly subject to the impact of optical module 2 and micro-optic unit 3, here the collection efficiency of passage of scintillation light can be improved to greatest extent by changing its geometry, such as micro-optic unit 3 is made hemispherical configuration, the collection efficiency of passage of scintillation light just can be made to reach about 50%.
In sum, Nuclear Detection Device described in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the requirement to scintillation material, directly obtain the three-dimensional information that passage of scintillation light produces position in scintillation material, energy resolution can be had while realizing position resolution, and the collection efficiency of passage of scintillation light have also been obtained raising, thus improve the performance of Nuclear Detection Device.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (6)
1. a Nuclear Detection Device, is characterized in that, described device comprises Flash cell, micro-optic unit, electrooptical device, and image acquisition and data processing unit, wherein:
Described Flash cell is crystal or the membraneous material of organic or inorganic, for converting incident ray to passage of scintillation light, and micro-optic unit described in the passage of scintillation light directive after conversion;
Described micro-optic unit is microlens array, this microlens array is made up of the single-element lens that multiple structure and parameter is identical, the passage of scintillation light of micro-optic unit described in directive produces the cell picture of radiation exposure object after unit lens reflection focuses on, and is received by described electrooptical device;
Described electrooptical device converts the cell picture received to 2-D data electric signal, and passes to described image acquisition and data processing unit;
The 2-D data electric signal that described image acquisition and data processing unit collection, Storage and Processing are converted to by described electrooptical device, and carry out data reconstruction according to the light channel structure of described device, obtain the position that photon produces in described Flash cell;
Wherein, described device also comprises optical module, and described optical module is arranged on front end or the rear end of described micro-optic unit, or described micro-optic unit is built in the inside of described optical module;
Described optical module is made up of one or one group of lens, according to the position producing passage of scintillation light is different described Flash cell is absorbed incident ray after the passage of scintillation light that produces focus on the left of described micro-optic unit or right side certain a bit, described optical module, for reducing the imaging size of described Flash cell, makes it to match with the physical dimension of micro-optic unit or electrooptical device.
2. Nuclear Detection Device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described optical module comprises convex lens, or needs to use concavees lens, reflective mirror or spectroscope according to design.
3. Nuclear Detection Device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described micro-optic unit adopts two-dimensional planar array design; Or adopt one-dimensional linear array design; Or adopt three-dimensional arrangement mode to design.
4. Nuclear Detection Device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described three-dimensional arrangement mode comprises: spherical, semisphere or polygons.
5. Nuclear Detection Device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the scintillation material that described Flash cell adopts has high transparent and the isotropic feature of optical transport;
And described scintillation material is monoblock scintillator, or be spliced by polylith scintillator;
The shape of described monoblock scintillation material is designed to right cylinder, polyhedron, ball or film;
The scintillator arrays be spliced is planar structure, or is difform spatial structure.
6. Nuclear Detection Device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described incident ray comprises X ray, gamma-rays or neutron ray.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104469183B (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-10-28 | 东南大学 | A kind of light field of X-ray scintillation body imaging system catches and post-processing approach |
| CN104515481B (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2017-06-09 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Measure the device and method of large diameter circle facial plane degree |
| CN106556857B (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2019-04-02 | 武汉中派科技有限责任公司 | Response location localization method and device |
| CN107748170B (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2023-10-13 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Neutron and X-ray dual-spectrum imaging camera |
| CN108983273B (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2021-09-24 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Real-time measurement system and method for three-dimensional dose distribution in human body |
| CN110837101A (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2020-02-25 | 魏海清 | Thallium-doped sodium iodide scintillation crystal radiation detector with lens group |
| CN111025370A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-17 | 南昌大学 | Radiation sensing device made of two-state functional material and assembling method thereof |
| CN113253332B (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2024-03-26 | 散裂中子源科学中心 | GOS-based: tb transparent ceramic scintillation screen high-resolution neutron imaging detector and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113447976B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2024-04-02 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Method and device for measuring morphology of high-resolution slow positron beam |
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