CN106556857A - Response location localization method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of response location localization method and device.The method includes：Detected by least one photosensor arrays that couple with scintillation crystal of reception, gamma photons and scintillation crystal react the energy information of produced optical photon, wherein, scintillation crystal is the scintillation crystal of integration, and scintillation crystal has through hole, through hole is used to accommodate object to be imaged, and gamma photons are by producing in the esoteric positron annihilation effect of object to be imaged；And response location of the gamma photons in scintillation crystal is determined according to the energy information for being received, wherein, response location is represented using cylindrical coordinate system.According to embodiments of the present invention, there is provided it is a kind of for adopt integrated scintillation crystal it is Positron emission tomography equipment, for positioning to the response location of gamma photons by the way of, solve the problems, such as that traditional position calculating method cannot be applied to above-mentioned improved Positron emission tomography equipment.

Description

Response location localization method and device

Technical field

The present invention relates to Positron emission tomography field, in particular it relates to a kind of response location localization method and device.

Background technology

The full name of Positron emission tomography is positron e mission computed tomography (Positron Emission Computed Tomography, abbreviation PET), it is that one kind is shown in human body or animal body using Radioactive isotope method The technology of portion's structure, is the Main Means of nuclear medicine studies and clinical diagnosises.

In traditional Positron emission tomography equipment, typically (include scintillation crystal, photoelectric transfer by multiple square detectors The devices such as sensor) by frame for movement splicing circularize or almost spherical detector system, for detecting gamma photons.Tool Body ground, each scintillation crystal (or scintillation crystal array) of traditional Positron emission tomography equipment are coupled with photoelectric sensor The independent detector of composition, and multiple independent detectors composition positron that is stitched together is sent out by complicated frame for movement Penetrate the detector system of imaging device.As the assembling of detector is spliced, traditional Positron emission tomography equipment is caused to exist Spatial resolution is low, sensitivity is low, edge effect is strong, Machine Design difficulty problem.Therefore, propose at present a kind of improved Positron emission tomography equipment, which adopts the scintillation crystal of integration to realize, it is to avoid the above-mentioned assembling splicing due to detector and The problem for causing.For this improved Positron emission tomography equipment, it is impossible to simply using traditional position calculation side Method is determining response location of the gamma photons in scintillation crystal.

Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a kind of new method for being positioned to the response location of gamma photons, with least portion Solve the above problems with dividing.

The content of the invention

In order to solve problems of the prior art at least in part, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of Response location localization method.The method includes：At least one photosensor arrays that reception is coupled with scintillation crystal are detected To, gamma photons and scintillation crystal react produced by optical photon energy information, wherein, scintillation crystal is one The scintillation crystal of change, and scintillation crystal has through hole, and through hole is used to accommodate object to be imaged, and gamma photons are by be imaged The esoteric positron annihilation effect of object is produced；And determine that gamma photons are brilliant in flicker according to the energy information for being received Internal response location, wherein, response location is represented using cylindrical coordinate system.

According to a further aspect in the invention, there is provided a kind of response location positioner.The device includes：First receives mould Block, it is brilliant with flicker for receiving detected by least one photosensor arrays coupled with scintillation crystal, gamma photons Body react produced by optical photon energy information, wherein, scintillation crystal is the scintillation crystal of integration, and is flashed Crystal has through hole, and through hole is used to accommodate object to be imaged, and gamma photons are by the esoteric positron of object to be imaged Bury in oblivion effect generation；And position determination module, for being determined gamma photons in scintillation crystal according to the energy information for being received Interior response location, wherein, response location is represented using cylindrical coordinate system.

Method and apparatus according to embodiments of the present invention, just can provide a kind of scintillation crystal for adopting integration Electron emission imaging device, mode for being positioned to the response location of gamma photons, so as to solve traditional position Computational methods cannot be applied to the problem of above-mentioned improved Positron emission tomography equipment.

A series of concept of simplification is introduced in the content of the invention, these concepts will enter one in specific embodiment part Step is described in detail.Present invention part be not meant to attempt the key feature for limiting technical scheme required for protection and Essential features, more do not mean that the protection domain for attempting to determine technical scheme required for protection.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, advantages and features of the invention are described in detail.

Description of the drawings

The drawings below of the present invention is used to understand the present invention in this as the part of the present invention.Shown in the drawings of this Bright embodiment and its description, for explaining the principle of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings,

Fig. 1 a illustrate the scintillation crystal and light of improved Positron emission tomography equipment according to an embodiment of the invention The schematic diagram of electric transducer array；

Fig. 1 b illustrate improved Positron emission tomography equipment in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention scintillation crystal and The schematic diagram of photosensor arrays；

Fig. 1 c illustrate according to the scintillation crystal of the improved Positron emission tomography equipment of another embodiment of the invention and The schematic diagram of photosensor arrays；

Fig. 1 d illustrate the improved Positron emission tomography equipment according to further embodiment of the present invention scintillation crystal and The schematic diagram of photosensor arrays；

Fig. 2 illustrates the schematic diagram of improved Positron emission tomography equipment according to an embodiment of the invention；

Fig. 3 illustrates the schematic block diagram of response location localization method according to an embodiment of the invention；

Fig. 4 illustrates the schematic diagram of the cylindrical coordinate system for being applied to hexa-prism crystal according to an embodiment of the invention；

The schematic flow sheet of the step of Fig. 5 illustrates the angular coordinate of determination response location according to an embodiment of the invention；

Fig. 6 illustrate by it is shown in Fig. 4, and scintillation crystal side surface coupling photosensor arrays launch after obtain The arrangement schematic diagram of photosensor arrays；

Fig. 7 illustrates the structure for obtaining the test device of angular error distribution function according to an embodiment of the invention Schematic diagram；

The flow process of the step of Fig. 8 illustrates the radial coordinate of determination response location according to an embodiment of the invention is illustrated Figure；

Fig. 9 a to 9i be shown respectively it is according to an embodiment of the invention under different gammaphoton reaction depths to photoelectricity The distribution of photons of the optical photon detected by sensor carries out the fitting result of Gauss curve fitting；

Figure 10 illustrates the structural representation for obtaining the test device of look-up table according to an embodiment of the invention；

The flow process of the step of Figure 11 illustrates the radial coordinate of determination response location in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention is shown It is intended to；

Figure 12 illustrates the photoelectric sensor battle array that basis according to an embodiment of the invention is coupled with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal The energy information of the detected optical photon of row determines the schematic diagram of radial coordinate；

The flow process of the step of Figure 13 illustrates the axial coordinate of determination response location according to an embodiment of the invention is illustrated Figure；

Figure 14 illustrates the knot for obtaining the test device of axial error distribution function according to an embodiment of the invention Structure schematic diagram；And

Figure 15 illustrates the schematic block diagram of response location positioner according to an embodiment of the invention.

Specific embodiment

In the following description, there is provided substantial amounts of details is so as to thoroughly understand the present invention.However, this area skill Art personnel will be seen that, described below to only relate to presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention can be without the need for one or more so Details and be carried out.Additionally, in order to avoid obscuring with the present invention, for some technical characteristics well known in the art not It is described.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a kind of response location localization method.The method is applicable for use with one The improved Positron emission tomography equipment of the scintillation crystal of change.The improved Positron emission tomography equipment is adopted with one The scintillation crystal of body structure and the photosensor arrays composition detector being adapted to the scintillation crystal, can solve in tradition Positron emission tomography equipment in as detector splices the problem that causes.

In order to explain the present invention, the be suitable for Positron emission tomography equipment of method described herein is described first below Structure.

Positron emission tomography equipment can include scintillation crystal, at least one photosensor arrays, reading circuit and Data processing module.

Scintillation crystal has integral structure.Exemplarily, scintillation crystal can be in the fabrication process by one into Type technology is directly obtained, without any type of splicing and assembling.Exemplarily, scintillation crystal is so structured that cylindric Crystal or polygon prism shape crystal.The center of scintillation crystal has a through hole, and which can run through two bottom surfaces of scintillation crystal.It is logical Hole be used for accommodate object to be imaged (toy etc.), i.e., for object to be imaged by the through hole enter positron emission into As equipment.Exemplarily, through hole is so structured that polygonal through hole or manhole.

At least one photosensor arrays are coupled with scintillation crystal, for detecting that it is anti-that gamma photons and scintillation crystal occur Answer produced optical photon.Exemplarily, at least one photosensor arrays can be with scintillation crystal direct-coupling or logical Cross optical glue coupling.Gamma photons are by producing in the esoteric positron annihilation effect of object to be imaged.Specifically, exist During object to be imaged using Positron emission tomography device scan, the same position of radioactivity can be contained to object internal injection to be imaged The tracer of element.Can bury in oblivion when the negatron in the positron that isotope is released with object body to be imaged meets, thus Produce the gamma photons that a pair (difference 180 degree) in opposite direction, energy are 511KeV.A pair gammas in opposite direction for producing Photon is incided in two relative positions in scintillation crystal respectively.The gamma photons incided in scintillation crystal can be with sudden strain of a muscle Bright crystal reacts, and thus produces a large amount of optical photons.The photosensor arrays coupled with scintillation crystal can detect this A little optical photons, and when which detects optical photon, can will be seen that the optical signal of photon is converted to the signal of telecommunication and will turn Change the electric signal output of acquisition.

Scintillation crystal can be any suitable crystal, and the present invention is not limited to this.For example, scintillation crystal can be Bismuth germanium oxide (BGO), yttrium luetcium silicate (LYSO) or lanthanum bromide (LaBr3) etc..Photosensor arrays can be by any suitable The array of photoelectric sensor composition, such as photomultiplier tube (PMT), silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) or avalanche photodide (APD) etc..

As described above, scintillation crystal can be polygon prism shape crystal or cylinder crystal, and through hole can be manhole Or polygonal through hole.Exemplarily, in the case where scintillation crystal is polygon prism shape crystal, photosensor arrays can be covered The side of polygon prism shape crystal.In the case where the through hole of scintillation crystal is polygonal through hole, photosensor arrays can cover The inwall of lid polygonal through hole.No matter scintillation crystal is polygon prism shape crystal or cylinder crystal, and photosensor arrays are all The upper bottom surface and/or bottom surface of scintillation crystal can be covered.It should be noted that being polygon prism shape crystal or cylindric crystalline substance in scintillation crystal In the case of body, scintillation crystal has two bottom surfaces, and wherein which bottom surface is upper bottom surface and which bottom surface is that bottom surface can be with Set as needed, the present invention is not limited to this.

Compared with traditional Positron emission tomography equipment, above-mentioned improved Positron emission tomography equipment has gamma light Sub- positioning precision is high, sensitivity is high, edge effect is weak, the low advantage of Machine Design difficulty.

The flicker that improved Positron emission tomography equipment according to embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to Fig. 1 a-1d is brilliant Several examples of body and photosensor arrays.

According to one embodiment of the invention, scintillation crystal is polygon prism shape crystal, and through hole is manhole, and through hole is through sudden strain of a muscle Two bottom surfaces of bright crystal.Fig. 1 a illustrate the flicker of improved Positron emission tomography equipment according to an embodiment of the invention The schematic diagram of crystal and photosensor arrays.As shown in Figure 1a, scintillation crystal is polygon prism shape crystal, and through hole is circular logical Hole.In such a case, it is possible to the inwall in manhole is coated with highly-reflective coating or highly reflecting films.Additionally, exemplarily, dodge Each side of bright crystal can be coupled with one or more photosensor arrays.Scintillation crystal shown in Fig. 1 a is six prisms Shape crystal, which has six sides, and each side is coupled with a photosensor arrays.Additionally, in the enforcement shown in Fig. 1 a In example, two bottom surfaces of scintillation crystal are coupled with six photosensor arrays respectively.It will be appreciated, however, that shown in Fig. 1 a The configuration mode of photosensor arrays is only exemplary rather than limiting.For example, two bottom surfaces of scintillation crystal can not be with photoelectricity Sensor array is coupled, or only a certain bottom surface is coupled with one or more photosensor arrays.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, scintillation crystal is cylinder crystal, and through hole is polygonal through hole, and through hole runs through Two bottom surfaces of scintillation crystal.Fig. 1 b illustrate improved Positron emission tomography equipment in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention The schematic diagram of scintillation crystal and photosensor arrays.As shown in Figure 1 b, scintillation crystal is cylinder crystal, and through hole is polygon Through hole.In such a case, it is possible to be coated with highly-reflective coating or highly reflecting films in the side of scintillation crystal.Additionally, exemplarily, Each inwall of through hole can be coupled with one or more photosensor arrays.Scintillation crystal shown in Fig. 1 b is cylindric crystalline substance Body, its through hole is hexagon through hole, and the through hole has six inwalls, and each inwall coupled with a photosensor arrays.This Outward, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 b, two bottom surfaces of scintillation crystal are coupled with six photosensor arrays respectively.However, It should be appreciated that the configuration mode of the photosensor arrays shown in Fig. 1 b is only exemplary rather than limiting.For example, the two of scintillation crystal Individual bottom surface can not be coupled with photosensor arrays, or only a certain bottom surface and one or more photosensor arrays couplings Close.

According to another embodiment of the invention, scintillation crystal is polygon prism shape crystal, and through hole is polygonal through hole, and through hole is passed through Wear two bottom surfaces of scintillation crystal.Fig. 1 c illustrate the improved Positron emission tomography equipment according to another embodiment of the invention Scintillation crystal and photosensor arrays schematic diagram.As illustrated in figure 1 c, scintillation crystal is polygon prism shape crystal, and through hole is many Side shape through hole.In this case, exemplarily, each side of scintillation crystal can be with one or more photoelectric sensor battle arrays Row are coupled, and/or each inwall of through hole can be coupled with one or more photosensor arrays.Flicker shown in Fig. 1 c is brilliant Body is hexa-prism crystal, and which has six sides, and each side is coupled with a photosensor arrays.Additionally, Fig. 1 c institutes The through hole of the scintillation crystal for showing is hexagon through hole, and the through hole is with six inwalls, each inwall and a photoelectric sensor battle array Row coupling.Additionally, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 c, two bottom surfaces of scintillation crystal respectively with six photosensor arrays couplings Close.It will be appreciated, however, that the configuration mode of the photosensor arrays shown in Fig. 1 c is only exemplary rather than limiting.For example, flash Two bottom surfaces of crystal can not be coupled with photosensor arrays, or only a certain bottom surface and one or more photoelectric sensors Array is coupled.

According to further embodiment of the present invention, scintillation crystal is cylinder crystal, and through hole is manhole, and through hole is through sudden strain of a muscle Two bottom surfaces of bright crystal.Fig. 1 d illustrate the detection for Positron emission tomography equipment according to further embodiment of the present invention The schematic diagram of device.As shown in Figure 1 d, scintillation crystal is cylinder crystal, and through hole is manhole.In this case, it is exemplary Ground, can be coated with highly-reflective coating or highly reflecting films in the side of scintillation crystal, and the inwall of through hole can be with multiple photoelectricity Sensor array is coupled.Scintillation crystal shown in Fig. 1 d be cylinder crystal, its through hole be manhole, the inwall of the through hole with Multiple photosensor arrays couplings.In Fig. 1 d, exemplarily, can be by row's photoelectricity of the axial direction arrangement along scintillation crystal Sensor is considered as a photosensor arrays.The number of the photosensor arrays coupled with the inwall of through hole can be any Suitable number (such as 24), the present invention are not limited to this.Comparison is it is appreciated that photosensor arrays are tried one's best The uncovered region being covered with the inwall of the inwall of through hole, i.e. through hole is more few better.Certainly, situation about allowing in technology Under, the inwall of through hole can be coupled with a photosensor arrays.It is understood that as the inwall of through hole is circular , therefore for each photosensor arrays, the inwall of its through hole of cannot fitting completely is present in the middle of the two empty Gap.Optical glue can be filled in the gap in the middle of the inwall of photosensor arrays and through hole, so that optical photon can Photosensor arrays are entered from scintillation crystal by optical glue.It is understood that the photoelectricity coupled with the inwall of through hole The number of sensor array is bigger, and fitting between each photosensor arrays and the inwall of through hole is tightr, i.e., in the two Between space it is less.In fact, for improved Positron emission tomography equipment, the space is typically smaller, exists substantially Millimeter magnitude, such as 0.2 millimeter, therefore little is affected on the detection of gamma photons.

Additionally, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 d, two bottom surfaces of scintillation crystal respectively with seven photosensor arrays Coupling.It will be appreciated, however, that the configuration mode of the photosensor arrays shown in Fig. 1 d is only exemplary rather than limiting.For example, dodge Two bottom surfaces of bright crystal can not be coupled with photosensor arrays, or only a certain bottom surface and one or more photoelectric sensings Device array is coupled.

Understood according to described above, photosensor arrays not only can be coupled with plane, it is also possible to (ginseng is coupled with curved surface Examine Fig. 1 d).Therefore, skilled person will appreciate that, the inwall of the through hole of the scintillation crystal shown in Fig. 1 a equally can be with one Or multiple photosensor arrays are coupled, specific implementation may be referred to Fig. 1 d and associated description, repeat no more.

Although in Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 c, scintillation crystal is shown as hexa-prism structure, and in Fig. 1 b and Fig. 1 c, through hole Be shown as hexagonal structure, it is noted that scintillation crystal be polygon prism shape crystal in the case of scintillation crystal prism number And through hole may each be any suitable number for the side number of through hole in the case of polygonal through hole, the present invention is not carried out to this Limit.For example, scintillation crystal can be triangular prism shape crystal, hexa-prism crystal, even ten prism-shaped crystal, 20 quadrangulars Shape crystal, etc..Similarly, through hole can be tetragonal through hole, hexagon through hole, 20 tetragonal through hole, etc..Should note Meaning, in scintillation crystal be in the case that polygon prism shape crystal and through hole are polygonal through hole, the prism number of scintillation crystal and logical The side number in hole can be with identical, it is also possible to different.

Reading circuit is connected with least one photosensor arrays, defeated for receiving at least one photosensor arrays The signal of telecommunication for going out, and the energy information of optical photon detected by least one photosensor arrays is exported, the signal of telecommunication is Changed by the optical signal of the optical photon that at least one photosensor arrays are detected to which and obtained.At data Reason module is connected with reading circuit.Data processing module can include reaction described here location position device, for realizing Reaction described here location positioning method.

Fig. 2 illustrates the schematic diagram of improved Positron emission tomography equipment according to an embodiment of the invention.Fig. 2 is court To the plane graph of a bottom surface observation of the scintillation crystal of improved Positron emission tomography equipment.As shown in Fig. 2 positron is sent out Penetrating imaging device can include that the scintillation crystal 210 of integration, multiple photosensor arrays 220, reading circuit (are illustrated in figure For " signal reading ", it is a reading circuit which is corresponding) 230 and 240 4 parts of data processing module.Scintillation crystal 210 Integrated scintillation crystal, which is configured to exemplary hexa-prism structure.The center of scintillation crystal 210 has a through hole, Which runs through two bottom surfaces of scintillation crystal 210.All sides of scintillation crystal 210 and bottom surface can polish, subsequently further according to Need to be coated with highly-reflective coating or highly reflecting films.Photosensor arrays 220 are coupled with scintillation crystal 210.In fig. 2, flash Six photosensor arrays 220 are coupled with the bottom surface of crystal 210.Additionally, coupling is distinguished on six sides of scintillation crystal 210 Unification photosensor arrays 220, the i.e. side of scintillation crystal 210 are coupled with six photosensor arrays altogether.It should be understood that The configuration mode of the photosensor arrays shown in Fig. 2 is only exemplary rather than limiting.

As described above, after the collection of photosensor arrays 220 optical photon, export the signal of telecommunication.Exemplarily, each light Electric transducer array 220 can connect a reading circuit 230.It should be appreciated that the number of reading circuit 230 and its with The connected mode of photosensor arrays 220 can be set as needed, and the present invention is not limited to this.For example, positron All photosensor arrays 220 of transmitting imaging device can be connected with same reading circuit 230, the reading circuit 230 The received signal of telecommunication can be differentiated from which photosensor arrays 220.

Reading circuit 230 can read photosensor arrays 220 output the signal of telecommunication, and the signal of telecommunication is measured with Obtain energy information and temporal information.Energy information can indicate the energy of the optical photon that photosensor arrays 220 are received Amount.The energy accumulation of all optical photons that same gamma photons are produced is the energy of the gamma photons together.Time believes Breath can indicate the generation time of the optical photon that photosensor arrays 220 are received, and which can be considered to produce optical photon Gamma photons reach detector the time of advent.Consider the time letter of all optical photons that same gamma photons are produced Breath, can finally determine the time of advent of gamma photons.Data processing module 240 receives the energy of the output of each reading circuit 230 Information and temporal information, and these information are carried out with the operation such as data processing, image reconstruction, to obtain the scanning of object to be imaged Image.

Reading circuit 230 and data processing module 240 can be realized using any suitable hardware, software and/or firmware. Exemplarily, data processing module 240 can adopt field programmable gate array (FPGA), digital signal processor (DSP), answer Miscellaneous PLD (CPLD), micro-control unit (MCU) or CPU (CPU) etc. are realized.

The scintillation crystal of the be suitable for Positron emission tomography equipment of method described herein can be, but not limited to be many ribs Column crystal or cylinder crystal.In the following description, mainly in combination with hexa-prism crystal and the manhole description present invention The method of offer, it will be appreciated that method according to embodiments of the present invention is not limited to the sudden strain of a muscle with this particular configuration Bright crystal, the scintillation crystal constructed with other (for example hexa-prism crystal adds tetragonal through hole) are also suitable the present invention.

The positioning precision of the response location of gamma photons can directly affect the spatial discrimination of Positron emission tomography equipment Rate and image quality.Energy distribution information (alternatively referred to as " the photon of the optical photon that can be detected by photoelectric sensor Distribution "), determine response location of the gamma photons in scintillation crystal.1 to 14 introduce according to present invention enforcement below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings The response location localization method of example.

Fig. 3 illustrates the schematic block diagram of response location localization method according to an embodiment of the invention 300.

As shown in figure 3, response location localization method 300 is comprised the following steps.

In step S310, detected by least one photosensor arrays coupled with scintillation crystal, gamma is received Photon and scintillation crystal react produced by optical photon energy information, wherein, scintillation crystal is the flicker of integration Crystal, and scintillation crystal has through hole, and through hole is used to accommodate object to be imaged, and gamma photons are by object body to be imaged The positron annihilation effect of generation is produced.

Gamma photons and scintillation crystal is hereinbefore described to react generation optical photon, photosensor arrays inspection Survey optical photon and export the signal of telecommunication, reading circuit measures the signal of telecommunication and exports the process of the energy information of optical photon, no longer Repeat.In step S310, the energy information of optical photon can be received from reading circuit.

In step S320, response location of the gamma photons in scintillation crystal is determined according to the energy information for being received, its In, response location is represented using cylindrical coordinate system.

As described above, scintillation crystal is integral structure, and which can be polygon prism shape crystal or cylinder crystal, its through hole Can be manhole or polygonal through hole.Therefore, for such scintillation crystal, line position can be entered using cylindrical coordinate system Put mark.The position calculation of traditional square scintillation crystal it needs to be determined that the coordinate in tri- directions of the x of response location, y, z, due to The scintillation crystal that the present invention is directed to is prism-shaped or cylindrical-shaped structure, thus may determine that (θ, r, z) coordinate of response location. Herein, the θ coordinates in cylindrical coordinate system are referred to as angular coordinate, and r coordinates are referred to as radial coordinate, and z coordinate is referred to as axial coordinate.Cylinder Coordinate system defines the space coordinatess of object using plane polar coordinates and Z-direction distance, it can be considered that cylindrical coordinate system bag Include polar coordinate system (θ, r).

Fig. 4 illustrates the schematic diagram of the cylindrical coordinate system for being applied to hexa-prism crystal according to an embodiment of the invention. In fig. 4 it is shown that the response location (or claiming reflecting point) of exemplary gamma photons.In the cylindrical coordinate system shown in Fig. 4, post Polar coordinate system of the areal coordinate system with the central point of the bottom surface of scintillation crystal as origin in (origin O) and cylindrical coordinate system is located Plane is parallel with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal.In fact, the polar coordinate in the cylindrical coordinate system shown in Fig. 4, in cylindrical coordinate system During the bottom surface of system and scintillation crystal is generally aligned in the same plane.As shown in figure 4, angular coordinate θ represents response location in scintillation crystal In bottom surface the line of the projected position of (i.e. in polar coordinate system) and origin O and pole axis Ox angle (scope is 0 °～ 360 °), radial coordinate r represent response location in the bottom surface of scintillation crystal (i.e. in polar coordinate system) projected position to former The air line distance of point；Axial coordinate z represents response location to the vertical dimension of bottom surface (i.e. to polar coordinate system).

According to embodiments of the present invention, a kind of Positron emission tomography of the scintillation crystal for adopting integration can be provided Equipment, mode for being positioned to the response location of gamma photons, so as to the position calculating method for solving traditional cannot Suitable for the problem of above-mentioned improved Positron emission tomography equipment.

According to embodiments of the present invention, step S320 can include：Determine effective at least one photosensor arrays Photosensor arrays；And response location is determined according at least to energy information corresponding with effective photosensor arrays.

At least one photosensor arrays are covered in the diverse location of scintillation crystal, sit at the angle for calculating response location When mark, radial coordinate and axial coordinate, it may be necessary to based on detected by the photosensor arrays that various location is covered The energy information of optical photon is calculating the coordinate of different directions.Therefore, from selector at least one photosensor arrays Point photosensor arrays, and using selected photosensor arrays come determine response location can improve location efficiency and Exactness is fixed really to each coordinate of response location.

In one example, scintillation crystal is polygon prism shape crystal and through hole is manhole or polygonal through hole, institute State and determine that the effective photosensor arrays at least one photosensor arrays include：From at least one photoelectric sensor battle array In row, the photosensor arrays of the side surface coupling of selection and scintillation crystal are used as effective photosensor arrays.Referring back to figure 1a, scintillation crystal are hexa-prism crystal, and through hole is manhole.Six side difference of the scintillation crystal shown in Fig. 1 a Couple with six photosensor arrays, can be using this six photosensor arrays as effective photosensor arrays.This Outward, referring back to Fig. 1 c, scintillation crystal is hexa-prism crystal, and through hole is polygonal through hole.In such a case, it is possible to Using with the six of the six of scintillation crystal side surface couplings photosensor arrays as effective photosensor arrays.Certainly, it is right For the scintillation crystal shown in Fig. 1 c, it is also possible to six photoelectric sensings that will be coupled with the six of the through hole of scintillation crystal inwalls Device array is used as effective photosensor arrays.By effective photosensor arrays be used for calculate response location angular coordinate, When radial coordinate and/or axial coordinate, relative to six photoelectric sensings that will be coupled with the six of the through hole of scintillation crystal inwalls For device array is as effective photosensor arrays, by six photoelectric sensors with the six of scintillation crystal side surface couplings Array as effective photosensor arrays in the case of calculated acquisition response location coordinate it is more accurate.

In another example, scintillation crystal is cylinder crystal and through hole is manhole or polygonal through hole, described Determine that the effective photosensor arrays at least one photosensor arrays include：From at least one photosensor arrays The middle photosensor arrays for selecting to couple with the inwall of through hole are used as effective photosensor arrays.Referring back to Fig. 1 b, dodge Bright crystal is cylinder crystal, and through hole is hexagon through hole.Six inwalls of the through hole of the scintillation crystal shown in Fig. 1 b point Do not couple with six photosensor arrays, can be using this six photosensor arrays as effective photosensor arrays. Additionally, referring back to Fig. 1 d, scintillation crystal is cylinder crystal, and through hole is manhole.Scintillation crystal shown in Fig. 1 d The inwall of through hole couple with multiple photosensor arrays, all photoelectric sensor battle arrays that the inwall with through hole can be coupled Row are used as effective photosensor arrays.

According to embodiments of the present invention, reaction position is determined according at least to energy information corresponding with effective photosensor arrays The step of the step of putting can include determining that the angular coordinate of response location.Fig. 5 illustrates determination according to an embodiment of the invention The step of angular coordinate of response location S500 schematic flow sheet.

As shown in figure 5, step S500 is comprised the following steps.

In step S510, effective photosensor arrays are launched along the direction parallel with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal, so that Obtain effective photosensor arrays arranged in parallel to launch in plane same.

Fig. 6 illustrate by it is shown in Fig. 4, and scintillation crystal side surface coupling photosensor arrays launch after obtain The arrangement schematic diagram of photosensor arrays.According to Fig. 4 and Fig. 6, by six sides of hexa-prism crystal along flicker The side of the bottom surface of crystal is launched, i.e., launch along the direction parallel with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal, it is possible to obtain a rectangle.Together When, six photosensor arrays for being coupled with six sides respectively are launched with the expansion of side so that six photoelectric transfers Sensor array parallel is arranged at grade, as shown in Figure 6.

In step S520, plane coordinate system, plane are set up for the photosensor arrays after expansion on plane is launched The transverse axis of coordinate system is parallel with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal, and the longitudinal axis of plane coordinate system is parallel with the central shaft of scintillation crystal.

As shown in fig. 6, setting up a plane coordinate system, transverse axis is x-axis, and the longitudinal axis is z-axis.It should be noted that the x-axis shown in Fig. 6 It is different from the pole axis Ox axles shown in Fig. 4.Plane coordinate system shown in Fig. 6 is with a certain summit on the bottom surface of scintillation crystal as original Point, the expansion direction with effective photosensor arrays is as X direction, and the cylindrical coordinate system shown in Fig. 4 is with scintillation crystal The central point of bottom surface is origin and with the line direction on a certain summit on the central point and bottom surface as pole axis direction, because It is different both this.In figure 6, longitudinal axis z-axis is parallel with the z-axis direction of cylindrical coordinate system.The photoelectric sensing after expansion shown in Fig. 6 Device array is made up of six photosensor arrays, the corresponding abscissa length of each photoelectric sensing array and scintillation crystal Bottom surface the length of side it is identical, be shown as L in Fig. 4 and Fig. 6.

In step S530, determined and the photoelectric transfer after expansion according to energy information corresponding with effective photosensor arrays The corresponding specific distribution of photons of sensor array.

When a gamma photons are reacted with scintillation crystal, effective photosensor arrays (six in referring to Fig. 6 Photosensor arrays) at least part of photosensor arrays can detect optical photon.According to the anti-of gamma photons The difference of position is answered, the situation of the optical photon that effective photosensor arrays are detected is also different.Can be according to after deployment Photosensor arrays in the arrangement mode of each effective photosensor arrays each effective photosensor arrays are detected To the energy information of optical photon be integrated into together, obtaining specific photon corresponding with the photosensor arrays after expansion point Cloth.The specific distribution of photons is the Energy distribution situation on optical photon photosensor arrays after deployment, in general Which is presented approximate Gaussian distribution.

It should be understood that due to scintillation crystal be integration scintillation crystal, the photoelectricity coupled with the inwall of its side or through hole Sensor array is arranged around object to be imaged, therefore when a positron annihilation events occur, two of its generation Gamma photons in opposite direction react on two relative positions of scintillation crystal, and effective photosensor arrays are received To be optical photon produced by the two gamma photons optical signal.Two gamma photons have respective Energy distribution area Domain, therefore, when response location positioning is carried out, the Energy distribution region of two gamma photons can be distinguished, be analyzed respectively The response location of each gamma photons.Approach described herein is primarily directed to determining for the response location of single gamma photons Position.

In step S540, the horizontal seat of projected position of the response location in plane coordinate system is calculated according to specific distribution of photons Mark.

Photosensor arrays after expansion are distributed in same expansion plane, and corresponding specific distribution of photons is presented Approximate Gaussian distribution, is similarly to the photoelectric sensor coupled with square scintillation crystal in traditional Positron emission tomography The situation of the optical photon that (or photosensor arrays) are detected.Therefore, it can based on expansion after photoelectric sensor battle array Corresponding specific distribution of photons is arranged, and the horizontal stroke of projected position of the response location in plane coordinate system is calculated using traditional location algorithm Coordinate x.Of course, it is possible to while calculate projected position of the response location in plane coordinate system vertical coordinate z, under which can be used for The calculating of the axial coordinate of the response location described in text.Traditional location algorithm employed in step S540 can be center of gravity A variety of methods such as method, artificial neural network, analytic method, the present invention are not limited to this.

In step S550, sat according to the angle that the abscissa of the geometric properties and projected position of scintillation crystal calculates response location Mark.

After being calculated the x coordinate of response location, it is possible to use the geometric properties of scintillation crystal are calculated and the x coordinate pair The angular coordinate answered.Exemplarily, the bottom surface of scintillation crystal can be considered as circle, and thus, the pass based on radian and arc length System's (i.e. geometric properties), can calculate angular coordinate θ by below equation：

Wherein, θ represents the angular coordinate of response location, and fix represents that mod is represented and taken the remainder, and x represents reaction position The abscissa of the projected position in plane coordinate system is put, a represents the matrix number of effective photosensor arrays (with Fig. 4's As a example by hexa-prism crystal, the matrix number of effective photosensor arrays is equal with the face number of the side of scintillation crystal, i.e., a is The face number of the side of scintillation crystal), L represents each photosensor arrays, and scintillation crystal in effective photoelectric sensor The parallel side in bottom surface the length of side (each photoelectric sensor by taking the hexa-prism crystal of Fig. 4 as an example, in effective photoelectric sensor The length of side on array, parallel with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal side is equal with the length of side of the bottom surface of scintillation crystal, i.e. L is scintillation crystal Bottom surface the length of side), face that R represents scintillation crystal, coupling with effective photosensor arrays is on the bottom surface of scintillation crystal (by taking the hexa-prism crystal of Fig. 4 as an example, R is the outer of the bottom surface of scintillation crystal to the radius of the polygonal circumscribed circle that projection is obtained Connect round radius).As described above, cylindrical coordinate system is with the central point of the bottom surface of scintillation crystal as origin and cylindrical coordinates Polar coordinate system place plane in system is parallel with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal.In this case, formula (1) is applicable.

No matter effectively photosensor arrays be photosensor arrays with the side surface coupling of scintillation crystal or with sudden strain of a muscle The photosensor arrays of the inwall coupling of the through hole of bright crystal, formula (1) can be set up.

It is polygon prism shape crystal in scintillation crystal and effective photosensor arrays is side surface coupling with scintillation crystal Photosensor arrays when, the shape of polygon prism more level off to cylinder, i.e. polygon prism prism number it is more when, the angle for being calculated Coordinate θ is more accurate.In the same manner, the through hole in scintillation crystal is that polygonal through hole and effective photosensor arrays are and flash brilliant During the photosensor arrays of the inwall coupling of the through hole of body, polygonal shape is got over closer to circle, i.e., polygonal side number When many, angular coordinate θ for being calculated is more accurate.

In above-mentioned steps S500, by least part of photosensor arrays that will be coupled with integrated scintillation crystal Launch, obtain the distribution of photons situation similar with traditional Positron emission tomography, and then the angular coordinate of calculating response location, it is this Mode is simple and practical, convenience of calculation.

According to embodiments of the present invention, determine according at least to energy information corresponding with effective photosensor arrays described anti- Position is answered further to include：Special angle corresponding with the angular coordinate of response location is determined according to angular error distribution function Error, wherein, angular error distribution function is known；And the angular coordinate of response location is carried out according to special angle error Calibration.

It is appreciated that when the response location of gamma photons is close to the intersection of two sides of scintillation crystal, it is seen that light The energy of son may be randomly deposited on the photosensor arrays with the two side surface couplings.It is different from other positions It is that, as two sides have certain angle, the Energy distribution deposited on photosensor arrays also can be with two sides Angle change and change.By the accuracy of the angular coordinate of the response location of gamma photons determined by above-mentioned localization method Can also decline.Therefore, it can calibrate the angular coordinate of the response location of gamma photons by certain calibration means.

Angular error distribution function can be indicated under different angular coordinates, be calculated according to the energy information of optical photon The error of angular coordinate is how many.Angular error distribution function can in advance by testing acquisition.Describe a kind of exemplary below Method of testing, for obtaining angular error distribution function.

According to embodiments of the present invention, spy corresponding with the angular coordinate of response location is being determined according to angular error distribution function Before determining angular error, method 300 may further include：For each in control angle set to irradiation angle, in radiation Source and meet the polar coordinate system in the line and cylindrical coordinate system of detecting module pole axis between angle be equal to this pair of irradiation angle In the case of, reception meets detected by the photoelectric sensor in detecting module, the first test gamma photons and meets detection Test crystal in module react produced by optical photon very first time information, and receive at least one photoelectric sensing Detected by device array, the second test gamma photons and scintillation crystal reacts the first energy of produced optical photon Information and the second temporal information；For each in control angle set to irradiation angle, during according to very first time information and second Between information carry out meeting event detection；For each in control angle set to irradiation angle, refer to when event detection outcome is met When showing that meeting event occurs, according in the first energy information corresponding with event is met, and effective photosensor arrays Corresponding portion of energy information calculates the second angular coordinate for testing test reaction position of the gamma photons in scintillation crystal；For Each in control angle set calculates the difference between the angular coordinate and this pair of irradiation angle of test reaction position to irradiation angle, To obtain test angle error；According to for all test angle errors for being obtained to irradiation angle respectively in control angle set Determine angular error distribution function, wherein, radioactive source is synchronously rotated around the central shaft of scintillation crystal with detecting module is met, To obtain each pair of irradiation angle in control angle set.

Fig. 7 illustrates the structure for obtaining the test device of angular error distribution function according to an embodiment of the invention Schematic diagram.As shown in fig. 7, can arrange one in the side of scintillation crystal meets detecting module.Meet detecting module by one (which is identical with the composition of scintillation crystal as herein described, and the size of the test crystal is according to space point for undersized test crystal Resolution it needs to be determined that, the section of crystal is less, meets detection accuracy higher) and photoelectric sensor composition, for controlling gamma Incoming position scope of the ray on scintillation crystal surface.The photoelectric sensor met in detecting module is connected with a reading circuit, Reading circuit of the reading circuit independently of Positron emission tomography equipment.Data acquisition board shown in Fig. 7 can with it is integrated above Described data processing module.Exemplarily, reaction described here location position device can be included for determining that angle is missed The module of difference distribution function.(meet thing it is determined that during angular error distribution function, needing to carry out signal to meet detection Part is detected), it is as described below.

Meet detecting module together with radioactive source at the uniform velocity around the axis of the Positron emission tomography equipment including scintillation crystal Rotate, i.e., the central shaft around scintillation crystal rotates.In rotation process, radioactive source keeps geo-stationary shape with detecting module is met State, and radioactive source with meet bottom surface with scintillation crystal of the line of detecting module (i.e. with cylindrical coordinate system in polar coordinate system Place plane) it is parallel.It is in rotation process, it is possible to obtain a series of to irradiation angle, final to obtain control angle set.Control angle Irradiation angle can be distributed in the range of 0 °～360 ° in degree set.In radioactive source and meet the line and post of detecting module Angle between the pole axis of the polar coordinate system in areal coordinate system is equal to certain control angle, θ ' in the case of (such as 10 °), record should Angle (namely compare angle, θ '), and carry out meeting event detection.When the event that is determined for compliance with occurs, record here control angle The Energy distribution of the lower optical photon detected by photosensor arrays of degree.

Meet event detection mainly by the time of the optical photon met in detecting module detected by photoelectric sensor The temporal information of the optical photon detected by information and at least one photosensor arrays that coupled with scintillation crystal is carried out Contrast, to judge whether two gamma photons are produced by same positron annihilation events, i.e., whether the two is to meet gamma photons It is right.Meet event detection to realize using conventional method, this is not repeated herein.

When the event that is determined for compliance with occurs, it is possible to use with effective photosensor arrays (such as side with scintillation crystal The photosensor arrays of face coupling) corresponding part energy information to be calculating gamma photons that scintillation crystal is received (the Two test gamma photons) test reaction position angular coordinate θ ".The process of calculating angular coordinate θ " and step S500 shown in Fig. 5 It is identical, repeat no more.

Subsequently, by comparing θ ' and θ " size can obtain compare angle, θ ' under test angle error delta θ.For right All in irradiation angle set are performed both by similar operations to irradiation angle, it is possible to obtain angular error distribution function.Subsequently, using angle Degree error distribution function, can calibrate angular coordinate θ that Practical Calculation goes out.

According to embodiments of the present invention, reaction position is determined according at least to energy information corresponding with effective photosensor arrays The step of the step of putting can include determining that the radial coordinate of response location.Fig. 8 illustrates according to an embodiment of the invention true The schematic flow sheet of the step of determining the radial coordinate of response location S800.

As shown in figure 8, step S800 is comprised the following steps.

In step S810, effective photosensor arrays are launched along the direction parallel with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal, so that Obtain effective photosensor arrays arranged in parallel to launch in plane same.

In step S820, plane coordinate system, plane are set up for the photosensor arrays after expansion on plane is launched The transverse axis of coordinate system is parallel with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal, and the longitudinal axis of plane coordinate system is parallel with the central shaft of scintillation crystal.

In step S830, determined and the photoelectric transfer after expansion according to energy information corresponding with effective photosensor arrays The corresponding specific distribution of photons of sensor array.

In step S840, the standard deviation and peak value based on specific distribution of photons is to being used to indicate standard deviation, peak value and radius The look-up table of the corresponding relation between coordinate is inquired about, to obtain the radial coordinate of response location.

Step S810 to S830 shown in Fig. 8 is identical with the step S510 to S530 shown in Fig. 5, and those skilled in the art are led to The description that reading is crossed above with respect to each step shown in Fig. 5 is appreciated that step S810 to S830, will not be described here.

Reaction depth effect (depth of interaction in traditional Positron emission tomography system Effects, DOI) be affect Positron emission tomography system spatial resolution key factor, it is embodied in gamma photons The inaccuracy (crystal decoding can only realize two-dimensional localization) of the 3rd dimension in three-dimensional fix.Half proposed in the present invention Footpath coordinate r represent response location in the bottom surface of scintillation crystal (i.e. in polar coordinate system) projected position to origin straight line Distance, from the perspective of the photosensor arrays coupled from the inwall with the side or through hole of scintillation crystal, radial coordinate r Reaction depth information of the gamma photons in scintillation crystal can be reflected.It is therefore possible to use step S800 shown in Fig. 8 is calculated Radial coordinate r, to obtain reaction depth information.

Specifically, photon is set up by square shaped scintillation crystal (LYSO crystal, size are 60mm x 60mm x 20mm) Propagation Simulation finds, the distribution of photons of the optical photon collected on photosensor arrays is approximately Gauss distribution, and with The change of reaction depth, the standard deviation sigma and energy peak E of Gauss distribution also change therewith.Fig. 9 a to 9i are shown respectively basis The light under different gammaphoton reaction depths to the optical photon detected by photoelectric sensor of one embodiment of the invention Son distribution carries out the fitting result of Gauss curve fitting.Fig. 9 a to 9i represent successively gamma photons reaction depth be respectively 2mm, 4mm, 6mm ... in the case of 18mm, height is carried out to the distribution of photons in the x-direction of the optical photon detected by photoelectric sensor Result after this fitting.From Fig. 9 a to 9i, reaction depth of the gamma photons in scintillation crystal is different, on photoelectric sensor The distribution of photons of the optical photon collected is also different.Although Fig. 9 a to 9i are illustrated that the photon point for square scintillation crystal Cloth situation, but for the scintillation crystal of integration according to the present invention, by what is coupled with the inwall of its side or through hole After the expansion, the distribution of photons of optical photon corresponding with the photosensor arrays after expansion has photosensor arrays The regularity of distribution similar with Fig. 9 a to 9i.

Therefore, it can set up the look-up table related to different radii coordinate in advance, according to the photon of actually detected acquisition point Cloth situation (i.e. above-mentioned specific distribution of photons) and the look-up table are determining the radial coordinate r of the response location of gamma photons.

Description below obtain standard deviation, one of the method for the look-up table of corresponding relation between peak value and radial coordinate show Example.

According to embodiments of the present invention, in the standard deviation and peak value based on specific distribution of photons to being used to indicate standard deviation, peak Before the look-up table of the corresponding relation between value and radial coordinate is inquired about, method 300 may further include：For control Each control radius in radius set, between radioactive source and the origin for meeting in the line and cylindrical coordinate system of detecting module Distance be equal to the control radius in the case of, detected by the photoelectric sensor that reception meets in detecting module, the 3rd survey Examination gamma photons with meet in detecting module test crystal react produced by optical photon the 3rd temporal information, and Receive detected by least one photosensor arrays, the 4th test gamma photons and scintillation crystal react it is produced Optical photon the second energy information and the 4th temporal information；For compareing each the control radius in radius set, according to 3rd temporal information and the 4th temporal information carry out meeting event detection；For compareing each the control radius in radius set, When meet event detection outcome indicate meet event occur when, according to it is in the second energy information corresponding with event is met, Portion of energy information corresponding with effective photosensor arrays determines test corresponding with the photosensor arrays after expansion Distribution of photons；The standard deviation of the test distribution of photons that all control radiuses according to being directed in control radius set are obtained respectively, Peak value and corresponding control radius determine look-up table, wherein, radioactive source and meet detecting module synchronously along scintillation crystal Move radially, to obtain each control radius in control radius set.

Although the response location of gamma photons can be set in simulation process, obtain what photosensor arrays were collected Distribution of photons information, so as to set up look-up table.But due to the response location that cannot directly set gamma photons in real process, It is therefore proposed that a kind of radial coordinate that the response location for including distribution of photons information and gamma photons is set up in real process it Between corresponding relation look-up table method of testing.

The method of testing is similar with the process of above-mentioned acquisition angular error distribution function, adopts and meets detecting module come real It is existing.

Figure 10 illustrates the structural representation for obtaining the test device of look-up table according to an embodiment of the invention.Such as Shown in Figure 10, one is arranged in the top of scintillation crystal and meet detecting module.The structure for meeting detecting module shown in Figure 10 and Working method with shown in Fig. 7 to meet detecting module similar, repeat no more.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 10, meet detecting module moving radially along scintillation crystal together with radioactive source. In moving process, radioactive source with meet detecting module keep relative static conditions, and radioactive source with meet detecting module Line is parallel with the central shaft of scintillation crystal (i.e. with the z-axis in cylindrical coordinate system).In moving process, it is possible to obtain a series of Control radius, it is final to obtain control radius set.Original in radioactive source and in meeting the line of detecting module and cylindrical coordinate system In the case that the distance between point (z-axis with cylindrical coordinate system in other words) compares radius equal to this, carry out meeting event detection. When the event that is determined for compliance with occurs, the energy of the optical photon under here control radius detected by photosensor arrays is recorded Information.Furthermore, it is possible to utilize and effective photosensor arrays (such as photoelectric sensor battle array with the side surface coupling of scintillation crystal Row) corresponding part energy information to be determining test distribution of photons corresponding with the photosensor arrays after expansion.

Aforesaid operations are performed both by for compareing all control radiuses in radius set, it is possible to obtain radius pair is compareed with each The test distribution of photons answered.Subsequently, can set up for indicating the standard deviation sigma of distribution of photons, between peak E and radial coordinate r Corresponding relation look-up table.During reality is positioned to response location, reaction can be determined based on the look-up table The radial coordinate of position.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that for the photoelectric sensing coupled with the inwall of the side or through hole of scintillation crystal For device array (i.e. effectively photosensor arrays), the reaction depth of gamma photons can be logical by radial coordinate r is deducted Pore radius is calculating.

Exemplarily, the radial coordinate of the response location of gamma photons can also be determined using other modes.Figure 11 is illustrated It is in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention determine response location radial coordinate the step of S1100 schematic flow sheet.

As shown in figure 11, step S1100 is comprised the following steps.

In step S1110, the specific bottom surface of scintillation crystal is divided into into predetermined number purpose region.

In step S1120, corresponding region is selected according to the angular coordinate of response location from predetermined number purpose region.

In step S1130, the photosensor arrays coupled with corresponding region are selected.

In step S1140, the energy of the optical photon according to detected by the photosensor arrays coupled with corresponding region Amount information calculates the radial coordinate of response location.

According to the present embodiment, it is determined that gamma photons response location angular coordinate in the case of, can be sat based on the angle Mark determines the radial coordinate of response location.

Figure 12 illustrates the photoelectric sensor battle array that basis according to an embodiment of the invention is coupled with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal The energy information of the detected optical photon of row determines the schematic diagram of radial coordinate.

As shown in figure 12, the specific bottom surface of scintillation crystal can be divided into by several regions according to angle first.It is specific Bottom surface can be upper bottom surface or bottom surface, its can as needed depending on, the present invention is not limited to this.It is brilliant with hexa-prism As a example by body, crystal can be divided into Ith area to VIth area (as shown in figure 12).

Subsequently, corresponding region can be selected from ready-portioned region according to angular coordinate θ of response location, and selects and be somebody's turn to do The photosensor arrays of corresponding region coupling.For example, when θ ∈ [0,60 °], the photoelectric sensing coupled with Ith area can be selected Device array, when θ ∈ [60 °, 120 °], can select photosensor arrays for coupling with IIth area, etc., not enumerate. In fig. 12, the response location of gamma photons is corresponding with IIth area, the photosensor arrays of IIth areas of the Shi Yu coupling of selection.

The distribution of photons situation of the optical photon detected by selected photosensor arrays and traditional positron The distribution of photons situation of the optical photon detected by photoelectric sensor in transmitting imaging system is similar to, therefore can be using biography System location algorithm (such as centroid method, artificial neural network, analytic method etc.) calculates the response location of gamma photons selected The coordinate (x, y) of the projected position in the respective coordinates system (x/y plane coordinate system is shown as in Figure 12) of photosensor arrays. The geometrical relationship that can finally pass through between the coordinate y and the radial coordinate r of response location of projected position solves radial coordinate r.

According to embodiments of the present invention, reaction position is determined according at least to energy information corresponding with effective photosensor arrays The step of the step of putting can include determining that the axial coordinate of response location.Figure 13 illustrates according to an embodiment of the invention true The schematic flow sheet of the step of determining the axial coordinate of response location S1300.

As shown in figure 13, step S1300 is comprised the following steps.

In step S1310, effective photosensor arrays are launched along the direction parallel with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal, so that Obtain effective photosensor arrays arranged in parallel to launch in plane same.

In step S1320, plane coordinate system, plane are set up for the photosensor arrays after expansion on plane is launched The transverse axis of coordinate system is parallel with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal, and the longitudinal axis of plane coordinate system is parallel with the central shaft of scintillation crystal.

In step S1330, determined and the photoelectricity after expansion according to energy information corresponding with effective photosensor arrays The corresponding specific distribution of photons of sensor array.

In step S1340, the vertical of projected position of the response location in plane coordinate system is calculated according to specific distribution of photons Coordinate.

In step S1350, the axial coordinate of the vertical coordinate for response location of projected position is determined.

Step S1310 to S1330 shown in Figure 13 and step S810 to S830 shown in Fig. 8 and the step shown in Fig. 5 S510 to S530 is identical, and those skilled in the art can be managed by the description read above with respect to each step shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 8 Solution step S1310 to S1330, will not be described here.

In above with respect to the description of step S540, throwing of the response location in the plane coordinate system shown in Fig. 6 is described The calculation of the abscissa x of shadow position.It is likewise possible to based on specific light corresponding with the photosensor arrays after expansion Son distribution, calculates the vertical coordinate z of projected position of the response location in plane coordinate system using traditional location algorithm.In fact, When the projected position to response location in the xz plane coordinate systems shown in Fig. 6 is positioned, can calculate and obtain its coordinate (x, z), you can to obtain abscissa x and vertical coordinate z simultaneously.Vertical coordinate z is the axial direction seat of the response location of gamma photons Mark z.

According to embodiments of the present invention, reaction position is determined according at least to energy information corresponding with effective photosensor arrays Put and may further include：Specific axial direction corresponding with the axial coordinate of response location is determined by mistake according to axial error distribution function Difference, wherein, axial error distribution function is known；And the axial coordinate according to specific axial error to the response location Calibrated.

When the response location of gamma photons is near the upper bottom surface or bottom surface of scintillation crystal, due to upper bottom surface or bottom surface Reflection to optical photon, the positioning precision response location of gamma photons positioned using traditional location algorithm compared with Difference, with certain edge effect.Therefore the present embodiment proposes a kind of side calibrated by axial coordinate z to response location Method.The method can compensate the error brought by the edge effect caused by the bottom surface of scintillation crystal, improve determining for response location Position precision.

With the calibrating mode of the angular coordinate of response location it is likewise possible to utilize known axial error distribution function to anti- The axial coordinate of position is answered to be calibrated.Axial error distribution function can be indicated under axially different coordinate, according to visible ray The error of the axial coordinate calculated by the energy information of son is how many.Axial error distribution function can be obtained by test in advance .A kind of exemplary method of testing is described below, for obtaining axial error distribution function.

According to embodiments of the present invention, method 300 may further include：It is right for each in control axial coordinate set According to axial coordinate, between radioactive source and the polar coordinate system place plane for meeting in the line and cylindrical coordinate system of detecting module It is in the case that distance is equal to the control axial coordinate, detected by the photoelectric sensor that reception meets in detecting module, the 5th Test gamma photons with meet in detecting module test crystal react produced by optical photon the 5th temporal information, And receive it is detected by least one photosensor arrays, the 6th test gamma photons and scintillation crystal react and produced 3rd energy information of raw optical photon and the 6th temporal information；For compareing each control in axial coordinate set axially Coordinate, carries out meeting event detection according to the 5th temporal information and the 6th temporal information；For compareing in axial coordinate set Each control axial coordinate, when meeting event detection outcome and indicating that meeting event occurs, according to meet event corresponding Portion of energy information in 3rd energy information, corresponding with effective photosensor arrays calculates the 6th test gamma photons and exists The axial coordinate of the test reaction position in scintillation crystal；For compareing each the control axial coordinate in axial coordinate set, The difference that the axial coordinate of test reaction position is compareed with this between axial coordinate is calculated, to obtain test axial error；According to The test axial error for being obtained for compareing all control axial coordinates in axial coordinate set respectively determines axial error point Cloth function, wherein, radioactive source and meet detecting module and synchronously move along the direction parallel with the central shaft of scintillation crystal, with Obtain each control axial coordinate in control axial coordinate set.

Figure 14 illustrates the knot for obtaining the test device of axial error distribution function according to an embodiment of the invention Structure schematic diagram.As shown in figure 14, one is arranged in the side of scintillation crystal meet detecting module.Meet detection mould shown in Figure 14 The structure and working method of block with shown in Fig. 7 meet detecting module and shown in Figure 10 to meet detecting module similar, no longer go to live in the household of one's in-laws on getting married State.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 14, meet detecting module to put down along the central shaft with scintillation crystal together with radioactive source Capable direction movement.In moving process, radioactive source keeps relative static conditions, and radioactive source and symbol with detecting module is met The line for closing detecting module is parallel with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal (i.e. with the polar coordinate system place plane in cylindrical coordinate system).Moving It is during dynamic, it is possible to obtain a series of control axial coordinates, final to obtain control axial coordinate set.Radioactive source and meeting spy The distance between line and the polar coordinate system place plane in cylindrical coordinate system of module are surveyed equal to compareing axial coordinate z ' feelings Under condition, the distance (compare axial coordinate z ') is recorded, and carries out meeting event detection.When the event that is determined for compliance with occurs, note The energy information of the optical photon under record here control axial coordinate detected by photosensor arrays.

When the event that is determined for compliance with occurs, it is possible to use with effective photosensor arrays (such as side with scintillation crystal The photosensor arrays of face coupling) corresponding part energy information to be calculating gamma photons that scintillation crystal is received (the Six test gamma photons) test reaction position axial coordinate z ".The process of calculating axial coordinate z " and the step shown in Figure 13 Rapid S1300 is identical, repeats no more.

Subsequently, by comparing z ' and z " size can obtain compare axial coordinate z ' under test axial error Δ z.Pin Similar operations are performed both by compareing all control axial coordinates in axial coordinate set, it is possible to obtain axial error is distributed letter Number.Subsequently, using axial error distribution function, axial coordinate z that Practical Calculation goes out can be calibrated.

Exemplarily, the axial coordinate of the response location of gamma photons can also be determined using other modes.Show at one In example, can include the step of determine the radial coordinate of response location：According to the photoelectricity coupled with the two of scintillation crystal bottom surfaces The energy information of the optical photon detected by sensor array determines the axial coordinate of response location.

The optical photon that same gamma photons are produced may be distributed on two bottom surfaces of scintillation crystal, by with two bottom surfaces The photosensor arrays of coupling are received simultaneously.It is appreciated that when the response location of gamma photons is located at the half of scintillation crystal Highly locate when, the energy of the optical photon detected by photosensor arrays coupled with the upper bottom surface of scintillation crystal and with sudden strain of a muscle The energy of the optical photon detected by the photosensor arrays of the bottom surface coupling of bright crystal is of substantially equal, the two ratio Example is 1:1.When gamma photons response location from scintillation crystal upper bottom surface closer to when, couple with the upper bottom surface of scintillation crystal The energy of the optical photon detected by photosensor arrays will be greater than the photoelectric sensing coupled with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal The energy of the optical photon detected by device array.That is, the response location of gamma photons is nearer apart from a certain bottom surface, with The energy of the optical photon detected by the photosensor arrays of the bottom surface coupling is relative to another bottom surface with scintillation crystal The ratio of the energy of the optical photon detected by the photosensor arrays of coupling will be bigger.Therefore, it can in advance by reason By or experiment obtain detected by the photosensor arrays that couple with two bottom surfaces of scintillation crystal under axially different coordinate Optical photon energy proportion, then during reality is positioned to response location, can according to scintillation crystal The coupling of two bottom surfaces photosensor arrays detected by the energy information of optical photon determine the axial direction of response location Coordinate.

Another kind of mode for determining the axial coordinate of the response location of gamma photons is described below.For brilliant with flicker For the photosensor arrays of the upper bottom surface of body or bottom surface coupling, axial coordinate z of response location is equal to reaction depth. In the description of the determination mode of the radial coordinate r above with respect to response location, with reference to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 a to 9i describe in detail as What utilize the look-up table for being used to indicating corresponding relation between standard deviation, peak value and radial coordinate to determine radial coordinate r.For For axial coordinate z, also there is similar processing mode.That is, can be according to the upper bottom surface or bottom surface with scintillation crystal The energy information of the optical photon detected by the photosensor arrays of coupling and be similarly used for indicate standard deviation, peak value and The look-up table of the corresponding relation between radial coordinate is determining axial coordinate z.It is noted that for determining axial coordinate z Involved by look-up table is visible detected by the photosensor arrays coupled with the upper bottom surface of scintillation crystal or bottom surface The standard deviation and peak value of the distribution of photons of photon.Adopt in this way determine axial coordinate z the step of may be referred to it is above-mentioned with regard to The description of step S840 and Fig. 9 a to 9i, will not be described here.

It is appreciated that as the area of the upper bottom surface and bottom surface of scintillation crystal is less, coupling with upper bottom surface or bottom surface The optical photon that receives of photosensor arrays it is many unlike the photosensor arrays with side surface coupling, therefore compare Preferably between the energy information of the optical photon according to detected by the photosensor arrays coupled with two bottom surfaces Proportionate relationship determines the axial coordinate of response location.

According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of response location positioner.Figure 15 is illustrated according to a reality of the invention Apply the schematic block diagram of the response location positioner 1500 of example.As shown in figure 15, response location positioner 1500 includes One receiver module 1510 and position determination module 1520.

First receiver module 1510 is detected for receiving at least one photosensor arrays coupled with scintillation crystal To, gamma photons and scintillation crystal react produced by optical photon energy information, wherein, scintillation crystal is one The scintillation crystal of change, and scintillation crystal has through hole, and through hole is used to accommodate object to be imaged, and gamma photons are by be imaged The esoteric positron annihilation effect of object is produced.

Position determination module 1520 is for determining that according to the energy information for being received gamma photons are anti-in scintillation crystal Position is answered, wherein, response location is represented using cylindrical coordinate system.

According to embodiments of the present invention, position determination module 1520 can include：Sensor determination sub-module, for determining extremely Effective photosensor arrays in few photosensor arrays；And position determination sub-module, for according at least to The effectively corresponding energy information of photosensor arrays determines response location.

According to embodiments of the present invention, scintillation crystal is polygon prism shape crystal and through hole is that manhole or polygon are logical Hole, sensor determination sub-module can include：First choice unit, for from least one photosensor arrays select with The photosensor arrays of the side surface coupling of scintillation crystal are used as effective photosensor arrays.

According to embodiments of the present invention, scintillation crystal is cylinder crystal and through hole is manhole or polygonal through hole, Sensor determination sub-module can include：Second select unit, for selecting from least one photosensor arrays and leading to The photosensor arrays of the inwall coupling in hole are used as effective photosensor arrays.

According to embodiments of the present invention, position determination sub-module can include：First launches unit, for by effective photoelectric transfer Sensor array launches along the direction parallel with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal, so that effectively photosensor arrays arranged in parallel is same One launches in plane；First establishment of coordinate system unit, for building for the photosensor arrays after expansion on plane is launched Vertical plane coordinate system, the transverse axis of plane coordinate system are parallel with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal, the longitudinal axis and scintillation crystal of plane coordinate system Central shaft it is parallel；First distribution of photons determining unit, for basis energy information corresponding with effective photosensor arrays It is determined that specific distribution of photons corresponding with the photosensor arrays after expansion；Abscissa computing unit, for according to specific light Son distribution calculates the abscissa of projected position of the response location in plane coordinate system；And angular coordinate computing unit, for root The angular coordinate of response location is calculated according to the abscissa of the geometric properties and projected position of scintillation crystal.

According to embodiments of the present invention, angular coordinate computing unit can include computation module, for being calculated based on below equation The angular coordinate of response location：

Wherein, θ represents the angular coordinate of response location, and fix represents that mod is represented and taken the remainder, and x represents projection position The abscissa put, a represent the matrix number of effective photosensor arrays, and L represents each in effective photosensor arrays The length of side on photosensor arrays, parallel with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal sides, R represent scintillation crystal, and effective photoelectric transfer The face of sensor array coupling projects the radius of the polygonal circumscribed circle of acquisition on the bottom surface of scintillation crystal,

Wherein, pole of the cylindrical coordinate system with the central point of the bottom surface of scintillation crystal as origin and in cylindrical coordinate system is sat Mark system place plane is parallel with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal.

According to embodiments of the present invention, position determination sub-module may further include：Angular error determining unit, for root Special angle error corresponding with the angular coordinate of response location is determined according to angular error distribution function, wherein, angular error distribution Function is known；And angular coordinate alignment unit, for school being carried out to the angular coordinate of response location according to special angle error It is accurate.

According to embodiments of the present invention, device 1500 may further include：Second receiver module, for for irradiation angle Each in set to irradiation angle, the pole of the polar coordinate system in radioactive source and in meeting the line of detecting module and cylindrical coordinate system In the case that angle between axle is equal to this pair of irradiation angle, detected by the photoelectric sensor that reception meets in detecting module, First test gamma photons with meet in detecting module test crystal react produced by optical photon the very first time Information, and receive detected by least one photosensor arrays, the second test gamma photons and scintillation crystal and occur instead First energy information and the second temporal information of optical photon that should be produced；First meets event checking module, for being directed to Each in control angle set carries out meeting event detection according to very first time information and the second temporal information to irradiation angle； Test angles coordinate calculation module, refers to when event detection outcome is met to irradiation angle for for each in control angle set When showing that meeting event occurs, according in the first energy information corresponding with event is met, and effective photosensor arrays Corresponding portion of energy information calculates the second angular coordinate for testing test reaction position of the gamma photons in scintillation crystal；Test Angular error computing module, for irradiation angle, the angle for calculating test reaction position is sat for each in control angle set Difference between mark and this pair of irradiation angle, to obtain test angle error；Angular error distribution function determining module, for basis Angular error distribution function is determined for compareing all test angle errors for being obtained to irradiation angle respectively in angle set, its In, radioactive source is synchronously rotated around the central shaft of scintillation crystal with detecting module is met, to obtain in control angle set Each pair of irradiation angle.

According to embodiments of the present invention, position determination sub-module can include：Second launches unit, for by effective photoelectric transfer Sensor array launches along the direction parallel with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal, so that effectively photosensor arrays arranged in parallel is same One launches in plane；Second establishment of coordinate system unit, for building for the photosensor arrays after expansion on plane is launched Vertical plane coordinate system, the transverse axis of plane coordinate system are parallel with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal, the longitudinal axis and scintillation crystal of plane coordinate system Central shaft it is parallel；Second distribution of photons determining unit, for basis energy information corresponding with effective photosensor arrays It is determined that specific distribution of photons corresponding with the photosensor arrays after expansion；And query unit, for based on specific photon The standard deviation and peak value of distribution is looked into the look-up table for indicating the corresponding relation between standard deviation, peak value and radial coordinate Ask, to obtain the radial coordinate of response location.

According to embodiments of the present invention, device 1500 may further include：3rd receiver module, for for control radius Each control radius in set, between radioactive source and the origin for meeting in the line and cylindrical coordinate system of detecting module away from In the case of equal to the control radius, reception meets detected by the photoelectric sensor in detecting module, the 3rd test gal Agate photon and the test crystal met in detecting module react produced by optical photon the 3rd temporal information, and receive Detected by least one photosensor arrays, the 4th test gamma photons and scintillation crystal react it is produced can See second energy information and the 4th temporal information of photon；Second meets event checking module, for for control radius set In each control radius, carry out meeting event detection according to the 3rd temporal information and the 4th temporal information；Test distribution of photons Determining module, for for each the control radius in control radius set, indicating to meet event when event detection outcome is met During generation, according to part in the second energy information corresponding with event is met, corresponding with effective photosensor arrays Energy information determines test distribution of photons corresponding with the photosensor arrays after expansion；Look-up table determining module, for root According to the standard deviation for the test distribution of photons that obtains respectively of all control radiuses in control radius set, peak value and corresponding Control radius determines look-up table, wherein, radioactive source and meet detecting module synchronously moving radially along scintillation crystal, to obtain The each control radius in radius set must be compareed.

According to embodiments of the present invention, position determination sub-module can include：Area division unit, for by scintillation crystal Specific bottom surface is divided into predetermined number purpose region；Area selecting unit, for according to the angular coordinate of response location from predetermined number Region in select corresponding region；Sensor selection unit, for the photosensor arrays for selecting to couple with corresponding region；With And radial coordinate computing unit, the optical photon detected by photosensor arrays coupled with corresponding region for basis Energy information calculates the radial coordinate of response location.

According to embodiments of the present invention, position determination sub-module can include：3rd launches unit, for by effective photoelectric transfer Sensor array launches along the direction parallel with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal, so that effectively photosensor arrays arranged in parallel is same One launches in plane；Three-coordinate sets up unit, for building for the photosensor arrays after expansion on plane is launched Vertical plane coordinate system, the transverse axis of plane coordinate system are parallel with the bottom surface of scintillation crystal, the longitudinal axis and scintillation crystal of plane coordinate system Central shaft it is parallel；Three-photon is distributed determining unit, for basis energy information corresponding with effective photosensor arrays It is determined that specific distribution of photons corresponding with the photosensor arrays after expansion；Vertical coordinate computing unit, for according to specific light Son distribution calculates the vertical coordinate of projected position of the response location in plane coordinate system；And the first axial coordinate determining unit, For determining the axial coordinate of the vertical coordinate for response location of projected position.

According to embodiments of the present invention, position determination sub-module may further include：Axial error determining unit, for root Specific axial error corresponding with the axial coordinate of response location is determined according to axial error distribution function, wherein, axial error point Cloth function is known；And axial coordinate alignment unit, for the axial coordinate according to specific axial error to response location Calibrated.

According to embodiments of the present invention, device 1500 may further include：4th receiver module, for for control axial direction Each control axial coordinate in coordinate set, the pole seat in radioactive source and in meeting the line of detecting module and cylindrical coordinate system In the case that the distance between mark system place plane is equal to the control axial coordinate, reception meets the photoelectric sensing in detecting module It is detected by device, the 5th test gamma photons with meet in detecting module test crystal react produced by visible ray 5th temporal information of son, and receive detected by least one photosensor arrays, the 6th test gamma photons and dodge Bright crystal react produced by optical photon the 3rd energy information and the 6th temporal information；3rd meets event detection mould Block, for for each the control axial coordinate in control axial coordinate set, being believed according to the 5th temporal information and the 6th time Breath carries out meeting event detection；Test axial coordinate computing module, for for each control in control axial coordinate set Axial coordinate, when meet event detection outcome indicate meet event occur when, according to threeth energy corresponding with event is met Portion of energy information in information, corresponding with effective photosensor arrays calculates the 6th and tests gamma photons in scintillation crystal The axial coordinate of interior test reaction position；Test axial error computing module, for in control axial coordinate set Each control axial coordinate, calculates the difference that the axial coordinate of test reaction position is compareed with this between axial coordinate, to obtain Test axial error；Axial error distribution function determining module, for according to all right in axial coordinate set for compareing Axial error distribution function is determined according to the test axial error that axial coordinate is obtained respectively, wherein, radioactive source and meet detection mould Block is synchronously moved along the direction parallel with the central shaft of scintillation crystal, to obtain each control in control axial coordinate set Axial coordinate.

According to embodiments of the present invention, position determination sub-module can include：Second axial coordinate determining unit, for basis The energy information of the optical photon detected by photosensor arrays coupled with two bottom surfaces of scintillation crystal determines reaction The axial coordinate of position.

Those skilled in the art according to the description of each step above with respect to response location localization method and accompanying drawing 1 to 14, it is to be understood that embodiment and its advantage of response location positioner disclosed herein 1500 etc., for sake of simplicity, herein This is not repeated.

The present invention is illustrated by above-described embodiment, but it is to be understood that, above-described embodiment is only intended to Citing and descriptive purpose, and be not intended to limit the invention in described scope of embodiments.In addition people in the art Member is it is understood that the invention is not limited in above-described embodiment, teaching of the invention can also be made more kinds of Variants and modifications, within these variants and modifications all fall within scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention by The appended claims and its equivalent scope are defined.

Claims (30)

1. a kind of response location localization method, including：

Detected by least one photosensor arrays that reception is coupled with scintillation crystal, gamma photons are brilliant with the flicker Body react produced by optical photon energy information, wherein, the scintillation crystal be integration scintillation crystal, and The scintillation crystal has through hole, and the through hole is used to accommodate object to be imaged, and the gamma photons are by described to be imaged The esoteric positron annihilation effect of object is produced；And

Energy information according to being received determines response location of the gamma photons in the scintillation crystal, wherein, it is described Response location is represented using cylindrical coordinate system.

2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described that the gamma is determined according to the energy information for being received Response location of the photon in the scintillation crystal includes：

Determine the effective photosensor arrays at least one photosensor arrays；And

The response location is determined according at least to energy information corresponding with the effective photosensor arrays.

3. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the scintillation crystal is polygon prism shape crystal and described logical Hole is manhole or polygonal through hole, the effective photoelectric sensor in the determination at least one photosensor arrays Array includes：

The photoelectric sensor battle array with the side surface coupling of the scintillation crystal is selected from least one photosensor arrays Row are used as effective photosensor arrays.

4. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the scintillation crystal is cylinder crystal and the through hole It is manhole or polygonal through hole, the effective photoelectric sensor battle array in the determination at least one photosensor arrays Row include：

From at least one photosensor arrays, select the photosensor arrays coupled with the inwall of the through hole to make For effective photosensor arrays.

5. the method according to any one of claim 2 to 4, it is characterised in that it is described according at least to effective photoelectricity The corresponding energy information of sensor array determines that the response location includes：

Effective photosensor arrays are launched along the direction parallel with the bottom surface of the scintillation crystal, so that described have Effect photosensor arrays arranged in parallel is in same expansion plane；

Launch to set up plane coordinate system for the photosensor arrays after expansion in plane described, the plane coordinate system Transverse axis is parallel with the bottom surface of the scintillation crystal, and the longitudinal axis of the plane coordinate system is parallel with the central shaft of the scintillation crystal；

According to energy information corresponding with the effective photosensor arrays determine and the expansion after photoelectric sensor battle array Arrange corresponding specific distribution of photons；

The abscissa of projected position of the response location in the plane coordinate system is calculated according to the specific distribution of photons； And

The angular coordinate of the response location is calculated according to the abscissa of the geometric properties and the projected position of the scintillation crystal.

6. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that geometric properties according to the scintillation crystal and described The abscissa of projected position calculates the angular coordinate of the response location to be implemented based on below equation：

$\mathrm{\θ}\≈\frac{2\mathrm{\π}\×fix\left(\frac{x}{L}\right)}{a}+\frac{\mathrm{mod}\left(\frac{x}{L}\right)}{R},$

Wherein, θ represents the angular coordinate of the response location, and fix represents that mod is represented and taken the remainder, and x represents the throwing The abscissa of shadow position, a represent the matrix number of effective photosensor arrays, and L represents effective photoelectric sensor Each photosensor arrays, the length of side on side parallel with the bottom surface of the scintillation crystal in array, R represent the flicker Crystal, the face that couples with effective photosensor arrays the polygon of acquisition is projected on the bottom surface of the scintillation crystal Circumscribed circle radius,

Wherein, the cylindrical coordinate system is with the central point of the bottom surface of the scintillation crystal as origin and the cylindrical coordinate system In polar coordinate system place plane it is parallel with the bottom surface of the scintillation crystal.

7. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that it is described according at least to effective photosensor arrays Corresponding energy information determines that the response location is further included：

Special angle error corresponding with the angular coordinate of the response location is determined according to angular error distribution function, wherein, institute It is known to state angular error distribution function；And

The angular coordinate of the response location is calibrated according to the special angle error.

8. method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that it is described according to angular error distribution function determine with it is described Before the corresponding special angle error of angular coordinate of response location, methods described is further included：

For each in control angle set to irradiation angle,

In radioactive source and meet the angle between the pole axis of the polar coordinate system in the line and the cylindrical coordinate system of detecting module In the case of this pair of irradiation angle, described in reception, meet detected by the photoelectric sensor in detecting module, the first test Gamma photons with it is described meet in detecting module test crystal react produced by optical photon very first time information, And receive it is detected by least one photosensor arrays, second test gamma photons occur with the scintillation crystal First energy information and the second temporal information of the optical photon produced by reaction；

Carry out meeting event detection according to the very first time information and second temporal information；

When meet event detection outcome indicate meet event occur when, according to it is described meet event it is corresponding the first energy letter Portion of energy information in breath, corresponding with the effective photosensor arrays calculates the second test gamma photons in institute State the angular coordinate of the test reaction position in scintillation crystal；

The difference between the angular coordinate and this pair of irradiation angle of the test reaction position is calculated, to obtain test angle error；

The angle is determined according to for all test angle errors for being obtained to irradiation angle respectively in the control angle set Degree error distribution function,

Wherein, the radioactive source and the detecting module that meets synchronously are rotated around the central shaft of the scintillation crystal, to obtain Obtain each pair of irradiation angle in the control angle set.

9. the method according to any one of claim 2 to 4, it is characterised in that it is described according at least to effective photoelectricity The corresponding energy information of sensor array determines that the response location includes：

Effective photosensor arrays are launched along the direction parallel with the bottom surface of the scintillation crystal, so that described have Effect photosensor arrays arranged in parallel is in same expansion plane；

Launch to set up plane coordinate system for the photosensor arrays after expansion in plane described, the plane coordinate system Transverse axis is parallel with the bottom surface of the scintillation crystal, and the longitudinal axis of the plane coordinate system is parallel with the central shaft of the scintillation crystal；

According to energy information corresponding with the effective photosensor arrays determine and the expansion after photoelectric sensor battle array Arrange corresponding specific distribution of photons；And

Standard deviation and peak value based on the specific distribution of photons is to right between standard deviation, peak value and radial coordinate for indicating The look-up table that should be related to is inquired about, to obtain the radial coordinate of the response location.

10. method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that in the standard deviation based on the specific distribution of photons And before peak value is inquired about to the look-up table for indicating the corresponding relation between standard deviation, peak value and radial coordinate, it is described Method is further included：

For compareing each the control radius in radius set,

In radioactive source and meet the distance between the line of detecting module and the origin in the cylindrical coordinate system and compare equal to this In the case of radius, receive detected by the photoelectric sensor met in detecting module, the 3rd test gamma photons and The test crystal met in detecting module react produced by optical photon the 3rd temporal information, and receive described Detected by least one photosensor arrays, the 4th test gamma photons react produced with the scintillation crystal Optical photon the second energy information and the 4th temporal information；

Carry out meeting event detection according to the 3rd temporal information and the 4th temporal information；

When meet event detection outcome indicate meet event occur when, according to it is described meet event it is corresponding the second energy letter Portion of energy information in breath, corresponding with the effective photosensor arrays determine and the expansion after photoelectric sensor The corresponding test distribution of photons of array；

Standard deviation, peak according to the test distribution of photons for being obtained for all control radiuses in the control radius set respectively Value and corresponding control radius determine the look-up table,

Wherein, the radioactive source and it is described meet detecting module synchronously moving radially along the scintillation crystal, with obtain Each control radius in the control radius set.

11. methods according to any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that it is described according at least to effective photoelectricity The corresponding energy information of sensor array determines that the response location includes：

The specific bottom surface of the scintillation crystal is divided into into predetermined number purpose region；

Corresponding region is selected according to the angular coordinate of the response location from the predetermined number purpose region；

The photosensor arrays that selection is coupled with the corresponding region；And

The energy information meter of the optical photon according to detected by the photosensor arrays coupled with the corresponding region Calculate the radial coordinate of the response location.

12. methods according to any one of claim 2 to 4, it is characterised in that it is described according at least to effective photoelectricity The corresponding energy information of sensor array determines that the response location includes：

Effective photosensor arrays are launched along the direction parallel with the bottom surface of the scintillation crystal, so that described have Effect photosensor arrays arranged in parallel is in same expansion plane；

Launch to set up plane coordinate system for the photosensor arrays after expansion in plane described, the plane coordinate system Transverse axis is parallel with the bottom surface of the scintillation crystal, and the longitudinal axis of the plane coordinate system is parallel with the central shaft of the scintillation crystal；

According to energy information corresponding with the effective photosensor arrays determine and the expansion after photoelectric sensor battle array Arrange corresponding specific distribution of photons；

The vertical coordinate of projected position of the response location in the plane coordinate system is calculated according to the specific distribution of photons； And

The vertical coordinate for determining the projected position is the axial coordinate of the response location.

13. methods according to claim 12, it is characterised in that it is described according at least to effective photoelectric sensor battle array Arrange corresponding energy information and determine that the response location is further included：

Specific axial error corresponding with the axial coordinate of the response location is determined according to axial error distribution function, wherein, The axial error distribution function is known；And

The axial coordinate of the response location is calibrated according to the specific axial error.

14. methods according to claim 13, it is characterised in that determined according to axial error distribution function and institute described Before stating the corresponding specific axial error of axial coordinate of response location, methods described is further included：

For compareing each the control axial coordinate in axial coordinate set,

In radioactive source and meet in the line and the cylindrical coordinate system of detecting module polar coordinate system place plane between away from From equal to it is detected by the photoelectric sensor met in detecting module described in the case of the control axial coordinate, receiving, the Five test gamma photons with it is described meet in detecting module test crystal react produced by optical photon the 5th when Between information, and receive detected by least one photosensor arrays, the 6th test gamma photons and flicker Crystal react produced by optical photon the 3rd energy information and the 6th temporal information；

Carry out meeting event detection according to the 5th temporal information and the 6th temporal information；

When meet event detection outcome indicate meet event occur when, according to it is described meet event it is corresponding the 3rd energy letter Portion of energy information in breath, corresponding with the effective photosensor arrays calculates the 6th test gamma photons in institute State the axial coordinate of the test reaction position in scintillation crystal；

The difference that the axial coordinate of the test reaction position is compareed with this between axial coordinate is calculated, to obtain test axially by mistake Difference；

It is true according to the test axial error for being obtained for all control axial coordinates in the control axial coordinate set respectively The fixed axial error distribution function,

Wherein, the radioactive source and described meet detecting module synchronously along the side parallel with the central shaft of the scintillation crystal To movement, to obtain each control axial coordinate in the control axial coordinate set.

15. methods according to any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that it is described according at least to effective photoelectricity The corresponding energy information of sensor array determines that the response location includes：

The energy of the optical photon according to detected by the photosensor arrays coupled with the two of the scintillation crystal bottom surfaces Information determines the axial coordinate of the response location.

A kind of 16. response location positioners, including：

First receiver module, for receiving detected by least one photosensor arrays coupled with scintillation crystal, gal Agate photon and the scintillation crystal react produced by optical photon energy information, wherein, the scintillation crystal is one The scintillation crystal of body, and the scintillation crystal has through hole, and the through hole is used to accommodate object to be imaged, the gamma light Son is by producing in the esoteric positron annihilation effect of the object to be imaged；And

Position determination module, it is anti-in the scintillation crystal for the gamma photons are determined according to the energy information for being received Position is answered, wherein, the response location is represented using cylindrical coordinate system.

17. devices according to claim 16, it is characterised in that the position determination module includes：

Sensor determination sub-module, for determining the effective photoelectric sensor battle array at least one photosensor arrays Row；And

Position determination sub-module, it is described for determining according at least to energy information corresponding with the effective photosensor arrays Response location.

18. devices according to claim 17, it is characterised in that the scintillation crystal is polygon prism shape crystal and described Through hole is manhole or polygonal through hole, and the sensor determination sub-module includes：

First choice unit, for the side coupling with the scintillation crystal is selected from least one photosensor arrays The photosensor arrays of conjunction are used as effective photosensor arrays.

19. devices according to claim 17, it is characterised in that the scintillation crystal is cylinder crystal and described logical Hole is manhole or polygonal through hole, and the sensor determination sub-module includes：

Second select unit, for selecting what is coupled with the inwall of the through hole from least one photosensor arrays Photosensor arrays are used as effective photosensor arrays.

20. devices according to any one of claim 17 to 19, it is characterised in that the position determination sub-module includes：

First launches unit, for by the effective photosensor arrays along the direction parallel with the bottom surface of the scintillation crystal Launch, so that effective photosensor arrays arranged in parallel is in same expansion plane；

First establishment of coordinate system unit, for launching to set up plane for the photosensor arrays after expansion in plane described Coordinate system, the transverse axis of the plane coordinate system are parallel with the bottom surface of the scintillation crystal, the longitudinal axis of the plane coordinate system and institute The central shaft for stating scintillation crystal is parallel；

First distribution of photons determining unit, for basis energy information corresponding with the effective photosensor arrays determine with The corresponding specific distribution of photons of photosensor arrays after the expansion；

Abscissa computing unit, for calculating the response location in the plane coordinate system according to the specific distribution of photons Projected position abscissa；And

Angular coordinate computing unit, the abscissa for the geometric properties according to the scintillation crystal and the projected position calculate institute State the angular coordinate of response location.

21. devices according to claim 20, it is characterised in that the angular coordinate computing unit includes computation module, use In the angular coordinate that the response location is calculated based on below equation：

$\mathrm{\θ}\≈\frac{2\mathrm{\π}\×fix\left(\frac{x}{L}\right)}{a}+\frac{\mathrm{mod}\left(\frac{x}{L}\right)}{R},$

Wherein, θ represents the angular coordinate of the response location, and fix represents that mod is represented and taken the remainder, and x represents the throwing The abscissa of shadow position, a represent the matrix number of effective photosensor arrays, and L represents effective photoelectric sensor Each photosensor arrays, the length of side on side parallel with the bottom surface of the scintillation crystal in array, R represent the flicker Crystal, the face that couples with effective photosensor arrays the polygon of acquisition is projected on the bottom surface of the scintillation crystal Circumscribed circle radius,

Wherein, the cylindrical coordinate system is with the central point of the bottom surface of the scintillation crystal as origin and the cylindrical coordinate system In polar coordinate system place plane it is parallel with the bottom surface of the scintillation crystal.

22. devices according to claim 20, it is characterised in that the position determination sub-module is further included：

Angular error determining unit, it is corresponding with the angular coordinate of the response location for being determined according to angular error distribution function Special angle error, wherein, the angular error distribution function is known；And

Angular coordinate alignment unit, for being calibrated to the angular coordinate of the response location according to the special angle error.

23. devices according to claim 22, it is characterised in that described device is further included：

Second receiver module, in radioactive source and meets detecting module for for each in control angle set to irradiation angle Line and the cylindrical coordinate system in polar coordinate system pole axis between angle be equal to this pair of irradiation angle in the case of, receive Detected by the photoelectric sensor met in detecting module, the first test gamma photons are met in detecting module with described Test crystal react produced by optical photon very first time information, and receive at least one photoelectric sensor Detected by array, the second test gamma photons and scintillation crystal react produced by optical photon the first energy Amount information and the second temporal information；

First meets event checking module, for for control angle set in each to irradiation angle, during according to described first Between information and second temporal information carry out meeting event detection；

Test angles coordinate calculation module, ties when event detection is met to irradiation angle for for each in control angle set When fruit indicates that meeting event occurs, according to meet in the first corresponding energy information of event, and effective light The corresponding portion of energy information of electric transducer array calculates the second test test of the gamma photons in the scintillation crystal The angular coordinate of response location；

Test angle error calculating module, calculates the test anti-for for each in control angle set to irradiation angle The difference between the angular coordinate of position and this pair of irradiation angle is answered, to obtain test angle error；

Angular error distribution function determining module, for all to irradiation angle difference in the control angle set according to being directed to The test angle error of acquisition determines the angular error distribution function,

Wherein, the radioactive source and the detecting module that meets synchronously are rotated around the central shaft of the scintillation crystal, to obtain Obtain each pair of irradiation angle in the control angle set.

24. devices according to any one of claim 17 to 19, it is characterised in that the position determination sub-module includes：

Second launches unit, for by the effective photosensor arrays along the direction parallel with the bottom surface of the scintillation crystal Launch, so that effective photosensor arrays arranged in parallel is in same expansion plane；

Second establishment of coordinate system unit, for launching to set up plane for the photosensor arrays after expansion in plane described Coordinate system, the transverse axis of the plane coordinate system are parallel with the bottom surface of the scintillation crystal, the longitudinal axis of the plane coordinate system and institute The central shaft for stating scintillation crystal is parallel；

Second distribution of photons determining unit, for basis energy information corresponding with the effective photosensor arrays determine with The corresponding specific distribution of photons of photosensor arrays after the expansion；And

Query unit, for the standard deviation and peak value based on the specific distribution of photons to being used to indicate standard deviation, peak value and half The look-up table of the corresponding relation between the coordinate of footpath is inquired about, to obtain the radial coordinate of the response location.

25. devices according to claim 24, it is characterised in that described device is further included：

3rd receiver module, for for each the control radius in control radius set, radioactive source and meeting detecting module The distance between line and the origin in the cylindrical coordinate system compare radius equal to this in the case of, receive described in meet spy Detected by the photoelectric sensor surveyed in module, the 3rd test gamma photons and the test crystal met in detecting module 3rd temporal information of the optical photon produced by reacting, and receive at least one photosensor arrays and detected To, the 4th test gamma photons and the scintillation crystal react produced by optical photon the second energy information and the Four temporal informations；

Second meets event checking module, for compareing radius for each in control radius set, during according to the described 3rd Between information and the 4th temporal information carry out meeting event detection；

Test distribution of photons determining module, for for each the control radius in control radius set, when meeting event detection When resulting indicator closes event and occurs, according to it is described it is meeting in the second corresponding energy information of event, and it is described effectively The corresponding portion of energy information of photosensor arrays determines test light corresponding with the photosensor arrays after the expansion Son distribution；

Look-up table determining module, for according to the test for being obtained for all control radiuses in the control radius set respectively The standard deviation of distribution of photons, peak value and corresponding control radius determine the look-up table,

Wherein, the radioactive source and it is described meet detecting module synchronously moving radially along the scintillation crystal, with obtain Each control radius in the control radius set.

26. devices according to any one of claim 16 to 19, it is characterised in that the position determination sub-module includes：

Area division unit, for the specific bottom surface of the scintillation crystal is divided into predetermined number purpose region；

Area selecting unit, selects correspondence area from the predetermined number purpose region for the angular coordinate according to the response location Domain；

Sensor selection unit, for the photosensor arrays for selecting to couple with the corresponding region；And

Radial coordinate computing unit, for according to detected by the photosensor arrays coupled with the corresponding region The energy information of optical photon calculates the radial coordinate of the response location.

27. devices according to any one of claim 17 to 19, it is characterised in that the position determination sub-module includes：

3rd launches unit, for by the effective photosensor arrays along the direction parallel with the bottom surface of the scintillation crystal Launch, so that effective photosensor arrays arranged in parallel is in same expansion plane；

Three-coordinate sets up unit, for launching to set up plane for the photosensor arrays after expansion in plane described Coordinate system, the transverse axis of the plane coordinate system are parallel with the bottom surface of the scintillation crystal, the longitudinal axis of the plane coordinate system and institute The central shaft for stating scintillation crystal is parallel；

Three-photon is distributed determining unit, for basis energy information corresponding with the effective photosensor arrays determine with The corresponding specific distribution of photons of photosensor arrays after the expansion；

Vertical coordinate computing unit, for calculating the response location in the plane coordinate system according to the specific distribution of photons Projected position vertical coordinate；And

First axial coordinate determining unit, for determining that the axial direction that the vertical coordinate of the projected position is the response location is sat Mark.

28. devices according to claim 27, it is characterised in that the position determination sub-module is further included：

Axial error determining unit, it is corresponding with the axial coordinate of the response location for being determined according to axial error distribution function Specific axial error, wherein, the axial error distribution function is known；And

Axial coordinate alignment unit, for carrying out school to the axial coordinate of the response location according to the specific axial error It is accurate.

29. devices according to claim 28, it is characterised in that described device is further included：

4th receiver module, for for each the control axial coordinate in control axial coordinate set, radioactive source and meeting The distance between the line of detecting module and the polar coordinate system place plane in the cylindrical coordinate system compare axially seat equal to this In the case of target, described in reception, meet detected by the photoelectric sensor in detecting module, the 5th test gamma photons and institute State meet in detecting module test crystal react produced by optical photon the 5th temporal information, and receive described in extremely Detected by few photosensor arrays, the 6th test gamma photons and the scintillation crystal react produced by 3rd energy information of optical photon and the 6th temporal information；

3rd meets event checking module, for for each the control axial coordinate in control axial coordinate set, according to institute Stating the 5th temporal information and the 6th temporal information carries out meeting event detection；

Test axial coordinate computing module, for for each the control axial coordinate in control axial coordinate set, when meeting Event detection outcome indicate meet event occur when, according to it is described it is meeting in the 3rd corresponding energy information of event, and It is brilliant in the flicker that the corresponding portion of energy information of effective photosensor arrays calculates the 6th test gamma photons The axial coordinate of internal test reaction position；

Test axial error computing module, for for each the control axial coordinate in control axial coordinate set, calculating institute The difference that the axial coordinate of test reaction position is compareed with this between axial coordinate is stated, to obtain test axial error；

Axial error distribution function determining module, for according to for all control axial directions in the control axial coordinate set The test axial error that coordinate is obtained respectively determines the axial error distribution function,

Wherein, the radioactive source and described meet detecting module synchronously along the side parallel with the central shaft of the scintillation crystal To movement, to obtain each control axial coordinate in the control axial coordinate set.

30. devices according to any one of claim 16 to 19, it is characterised in that the position determination sub-module includes：

Second axial coordinate determining unit, for the photosensor arrays that basis is coupled with two bottom surfaces of the scintillation crystal The energy information of detected optical photon determines the axial coordinate of the response location.